CN106920453A - A kind of in-car reduced scale cun experimental system on fire of single tunnel chain traction multiple movement bodies - Google Patents
A kind of in-car reduced scale cun experimental system on fire of single tunnel chain traction multiple movement bodies Download PDFInfo
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- CN106920453A CN106920453A CN201710021262.XA CN201710021262A CN106920453A CN 106920453 A CN106920453 A CN 106920453A CN 201710021262 A CN201710021262 A CN 201710021262A CN 106920453 A CN106920453 A CN 106920453A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of in-car reduced scale cun experimental system on fire of single tunnel chain traction multiple movement bodies, including tunnel main body, it is arranged at the pressure testing system in tunnel main body, train model etc., the tunnel main body and train model are assemblied to form by multistage reduced scale cun model experiment standard paragraphs, train model is two to multiple, each train model headstock and the tailstock move active system with respective train model respectively and train model motion servo system is connected by chain, train model bottom is provided with train motion positions wheel, the train motion positions wheel is located in track, the burner is arranged at any one section compartment middle part of train model, seat upper portion or seat bottom.The present invention adjusts the length of itself by adjusting the quantity of tunnel main body standard paragraphs and train's body standard paragraphs, so as to simulate different length subway or railway tunnel, the multiple movement bodies fire behavior of different train lengths.By change burning disk placement location in the car, research compartment middle part, seat top, the situation on fire of under-seat.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the subway list tunnel multiple movement bodies fire reduced scale cun experimental system, more particularly to a kind of single tunnel of growing up
The in-car reduced scale cun experimental system on fire of chain traction multiple movement bodies.
Background technology
With the increasingly maturation of the technologies such as China's high ferro subway, also increase year by year in the tunnel scale built and newly come into operation
Plus, according to statistics, there is fire frequency and be about 2 times/108 car kms, major long tunnel once there is fire to personnel's in tunnel
The security threat of safety and tunnel structure is huge.In recent years, subway tunnel has welcome the peak period built, and is building and is newly throwing
Enter the tunnel scale for using and increased trend year by year is presented, it is expected that to the year two thousand twenty, it is public that national subway total kilometrage is up to 6000
In, investment reaches 4,000,000,000,000.Peak period is run in circuit, usual subway interval about 2 minutes is designed according to subway train
Speed per hour 100km/h is calculated, and the tracking distance of front and rear two train is 3.3km, so the Chongqing subway 1 for using has been put at present
Intercity (blue Silicon Valley section) the Laoshan subway tunnel in line Zhongliang Hill tunnel (total length 4.33km), the Qingdao-Haiyang built
(total length 4.58km) and Qingdao region Line 1 seabed tunnel (total length 6.2km) planned, can deposit simultaneously in tunnel
In two trains of equidirectional traveling, once occurring for fire will produce bigger harmfulness.With the growing up of subway tunnel,
Train on fire is often forced to slow down until parking, train is trapped in carries out emergency evacuation in tunnel after fire occurs.Fire leads to
Often caused due to following three kinds of situations:1) would generally cut off driving system and power when fire occurs makes train run out of steam;2)
Motor failure can also make train run out of steam;3) passenger starts emergency braking system or artificial destruction causes train to compel to stop.
In subway tunnel operation peak period of growing up, can simultaneously there are equidirectional two trains run at high speed in single tunnel, this
When tunnel in train in the event of fire just like tetra- kinds of situations of Figure 11.
As a example by tailstock portion occurs fire incident in the past, when front truck generation fire continues to move forward, meeting is in last vehicle of train shape
Into a flue gas area for high temperature;During parking is forced after front truck runs out of steam, the flue gas of high temperature can with Piston Action Wind after
Continuous flow forward, floods permutation car, and may proceed to the segment distance of flow forward one.After front truck catches fire, rear car must also be forced to be parked in
Evacuated in tunnel, rear car can be later than front truck parking according to the instruction of wayside signaling or line arrangement, and rear car driving is produced
Piston Action Wind will necessarily produce influence to the flow of flue gas that fire front truck occurs.Similarly, there is fire, the motion state of front truck in rear car
Influence will necessarily be produced on the flow of flue gas of rear car.There is concrete on fire, train deceleration parking on fire it is therefore desirable to study train
And under the motion state of non-train on fire whole dynamic process Piston Action Wind Coupling Rule, fire combustion characteristics, fire and smoke spread
The Related Mechanisms such as characteristic, critical suppression wind speed, HRR.
Existing tunnel fire hazard reduced scale cun experimental system is mostly only applicable to study vcehicular tunnel, or research subway, iron
Fire behavior research during road tunnel train steady state, it is impossible to reflect that many trains of subway tunnel of nowadays more and more growing up are same
When in tunnel run when situation on fire.And existing experimental system that combustion case is reduced into roof mostly is on fire,
But such case is actually rare, and train interior decoration has the combustible material of many chemical syntheses, add passenger with
The combustible material that body is carried, human factor is larger, and it is mostly that interior is on fire that often subway occurs fire, and internal danger on fire
Evil property is bigger.When existing experimental provision can not consider that interior is on fire, flue gas spreads in compartment, and connects through compartment
Connect the infiltration tunnels such as place, crack between a door and its frame window seam spreads process.It can be seen that, can be used in many fortune on fire in subway in the urgent need to setting up
The experimental system of kinetoplast fire combustion characteristics and flue gas diffusion property.
The content of the invention
In order to solve problems of the prior art, it is in-car that the present invention provides a kind of single tunnel chain traction multiple movement bodies
Reduced scale on fire cun experimental system, overcomes experimental system in the prior art to simulate many trains of subway tunnel of growing up simultaneously in tunnel
The problem of the train inside situation on fire when middle operation.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:A kind of in-car contracting scale experiment system on fire of single tunnel chain traction multiple movement bodies
System, including tunnel main body is arranged at pressure testing system in tunnel main body, Research on Automatic Measuring System of Temperature, flue gas analysis system and work
Plug wind speed test system, train model and the burner being arranged in train model, the tunnel main body and train model by
Multistage reduced scale cun model experiment standard paragraphs are assemblied to form, and train model is two to multiple, each train model headstock and the tailstock with
Active system is moved with respective train model respectively and train model motion servo system is connected by chain, train model bottom
Portion is provided with train motion positions wheel, and the train motion positions wheel is located in track, and the burner is arranged at train model
Any one section compartment middle part, seat upper portion or seat bottom.
The tunnel main body includes high temperature resistant tunnel main body standard paragraphs, high temperature resistant flame observation window, driving chain carrying roller branch
Frame, driving chain carrying roller, are connected, in tunnel end mounting flange, ring flange between described tunnel standard paragraphs using flange
Between tightened together with bolt.The tunnel main body for connecting is placed on tunnel main body rack.
The chain strainer before headstock and tailstock chain strainer, the end of chain are respectively arranged with before and after the train model
Head is connected using steel ring with chain strainer.
The burner includes tray for combustion, and burning tank position, the size and burner of tray for combustion are provided with train model
The size correspondence of groove position, is separated into multiple small lattice in tray for combustion.
Train motion positions wheel is welded on the underbody of model trains, and train motion positions wheel is located in track, and track is in " C "
Font, defines that train motion positions wheel can only be in rail groove, and track uses modularized design, is spelled using segmentation between track
The mode for connecing is connected, and track leading portion and back segment are arranged to the form of " double buckle ", piecewise grafting, rail body and tunnel main body it
Between fixed by screw.
The train model motion active system includes the flange of speed control motor, toothed disc and tunnel main body connection
Disk, speed control motor is connected with toothed disc using shaft coupling, and speed control motor imparts power to gear by shaft coupling
Disk, toothed disc is rotated and drives chain movement, chain traction model trains to be moved according to designated movement rule again.
The train model motion servo system includes toothed disc, the gear stand of fixing tooth wheel disc, is easy to chain to pass through
The chain of tunnel bottom passes through hole, is positioned over tunnel internal for connecting gear swelling device and fixed gear the tensioner dress of chain
The support put;Chain connects train model and gear swelling device, and sagging by hole by the chain of tunnel bottom, connection from
Dynamic system gear disk;Active system, servo system, train model are connected into by a closed loop moving system by chain.
Tunnel high temperature resistant flame observation outside window, is provided with two at most platform high-definition digital video cameras.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:The present invention proposes a kind of new subway or railway list tunnel unstable state multiple movement bodies car
Interior fire reduced scale on fire cun experimental system.The system by place the tray for combustion of diverse location in the car simulate it is in-car on fire and
Flow of flue gas spread condition, adjusts the length of itself, by adjusting train master by adjusting the quantity of tunnel main body standard paragraphs
The quantity of body standard paragraphs adjusts train length, thus simulate different length subway or railway tunnel, different train lengths it is many
Movable body fire behavior, flue gas diffusion property and Piston Action Wind Coupling Rule.By change burning disk placement location in the car, grind
Study carefully compartment middle part, seat top, the situation on fire of under-seat.The present invention is the in-car fire reality on fire of single tunnel multiple movement bodies
Test research and platform is provided, while also for subway or railway tunnel are prevented and reduced natural disasters offer solution, with good society
Benefit.
Brief description of the drawings
The in-car experimental system figure on fire of Fig. 1 subway tunnels multiple movement bodies;
Fig. 2 tunnels main body assembly schematic diagram;Fig. 2 (a) is tunnel main body front view, and (b) is tunnel main body side view;
Fig. 3 train model figures;
Fig. 4 chains strainer and chain connection diagram;
Fig. 5 tray for combustions side view and top view;Fig. 5 (a) is tray for combustion side view, and Fig. 5 (b) is tray for combustion top view;
Fig. 6 train model sectional drawings;A () is railway car inner side elevational view, (b) is railway car inside front view;
Fig. 7 track top views;The relative position relation figure of (a) locating wheel and track, (b) track top view;
Fig. 8 trains move active system figure;A () is active system side view, (b) is active system front view;
Fig. 9 trains move servo system side view;
Figure 10 high-speed camera position figures;
There are equidirectional two trains of running at high speed in the mono- tunnels of Figure 11 simultaneously and four kinds of situations of fire occur;
Wherein:1. tunnel main body;2. pressure testing system;3. Research on Automatic Measuring System of Temperature;4. flue gas analysis system;5. Piston Action Wind
Fast test system;6. train model moves active system;7. train model moves servo system;8. chain;9. train model;
10. window on train;11. Train doors;The driving chain tensioning device of 12. burner 13.;14. train motion positions wheels;15. speed
Controlled motor;16. tunnel blowers;17. travel switches;18. chain carrying rollers;19. chain tensioning devices;20. tunnel main body racks;
21. tracks;22. high-definition digital video cameras.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in figure 1, the in-car experimental system on fire of subway tunnel multiple movement bodies includes tunnel main body 1, pressure testing system
2nd, Research on Automatic Measuring System of Temperature 3, flue gas analysis system 4, Piston Wind Velocity test system 5, train model motion active system 6, train mould
Type motion servo system 7, chain transmission system 8, train model 9, window on train 10, Train door 11, in-car burner 12, biography
Dynamic chain strainer 13, train motion positions wheel 14, speed control motor 15, tunnel blower 16, travel switch 17, chain carrying roller
18th, chain tensioning device 19, tunnel main body rack 20.Train model is two.
As shown in Fig. 2 (a) tunnel main body multistage reduced scale cun model experiment platform front view, (b) tunnel main body multistage reduced scale cun
Model experiment platform side view.Tunnel main body is assemblied to form by multistage reduced scale cun model experiment standard paragraphs, including high temperature resistant tunnel master
Body standard paragraphs 1-1, high temperature resistant flame observation window 1-2, driving chain roller rack 18-1, driving chain carrying roller 18-2.Tunnel mark
Connected using flange between quasi- section, Fig. 2 amplifier sections are flange connection diagram, in tunnel end mounting flange, ring flange
Between tightened together with bolt.The tunnel main body for connecting is placed on tunnel main body rack 20.
As shown in figure 3, experiment train model is also adopted by the mode that standard paragraphs splice and combine connecting.Be conducive to studying train chief
Spend the influence to Piston Action Wind, and its influence to flue gas diffusion, fire behavior etc..Train model includes that the chain before headstock is tensed
Device 13-1 and tailstock chain strainer 13-2, train bottom motion positions wheel 14.The termination of chain 8 is tensed using steel ring with chain
Device 13-1,13-2 are connected, and by rotating strainer, gradually make chain be in tight state, as shown in Figure 4.Motion positions wheel 14
Effect is to limit model trains to travel in orbit, prevents train from toppling over.Interior is provided with burner 12, and burner can be with
It is placed in any one section compartment of model trains, compartment middle part, seat upper portion or seat bottom can be placed on, it is adaptable to grind
Study carefully the flue gas diffusion property that different fire occur position.
Fig. 5 respectively show tray for combustion side view and top view.The size of tray for combustion and diverse location in train model
The size correspondence of burning tank position 12-1,12-2,12-3.During experiment, tray for combustion is positioned in any burning tank position, be applicable
In the flue gas diffusion property for studying different in-car fire locations.Meanwhile, multiple small lattice are separated into tray for combustion.Suitable for research not
With the movable body fire behavior and flue gas diffusion property of the fire of intensity.
Fig. 6 illustrates train model sectional drawing, and (a) is railway car inner side elevational view, and (b) is railway car inside main view
Figure.Including handrail fixed column 9-1, seat 9-2, compartment junction 9-3 in train, interior placing burning disk can be with
Compartment middle part 12-1, seat bottom 12-2 and seat upper portion 12-3 are arranged in, position difference occurs in the car for studying fire
Flow of flue gas research.Car bottom is provided with locating wheel 11, and locating wheel 11 is located in track 21.
Fig. 7 (a) specifically illustrates the relative position relation of locating wheel and track, and (b) illustrates track top view, wherein,
Locating wheel 14 is welded on the underbody of train model 9, and positioning wheel track 21 is provided with the middle part of tunnel cross-section.Train model is moved
When, locating wheel 14 is located in track 21, and track 21 plays a part of to limit train motion, it is ensured that train can only move along a straight line.Rail
Road 21 is in " C " font, defines that steady wheel 14 can only be in rail groove, so as to ensure that high-speed motion state Train will not incline
.Track 21 is also adopted by modularized design, is connected by the way of sectionally smooth join between track, and track leading portion and back segment are arranged to
The form of " double buckle ", piecewise grafting.Fixed by screw 21-2 between rail body 21-1 and tunnel main body 1.
Fig. 8 illustrates train motion active system figure, and (a) is active system side view, and (b) is active system front view.
Active system includes ring flange 6-2, the speed control motor of speed control motor 15, toothed disc 6-1 and tunnel main body 1 connection
15 are connected with toothed disc 6-1 using shaft coupling 6-3.Speed control motor 15 imparts power to toothed disc by shaft coupling 6-3
6-1, toothed disc 6-1 are rotated and are driven chain 8 to move again, and the tractor-trailer train model 9 of chain 8 is moved according to designated movement rule.
Have benefited from the front and rear of train model 9 to be all connected with chain 8, form a closed loop connection.So chain 8 can both be arranged with Controlling model
Car 9 is accelerated, again can be with the retarding braking of Controlling model train 9.The control mode of another train model is identical with this in tunnel.
Fig. 9 illustrates side view of the train motion from system, and servo system includes the tooth of toothed disc 7-1 and fixing tooth wheel disc
Wheel support 7-2, be easy to chain pass through tunnel bottom chain by hole 7-3, be positioned over tunnel internal for connecting the tooth of chain
The support 19-2 of wheel swelling device 19-1 and fixed gear swelling device.Chain 8 connects train model 9 and gear swelling device
19-1, and, connection servo system toothed disc 7-1 sagging by hole 7-3 by the chain of tunnel bottom.The master of two row train models
Dynamic system 6 is individually positioned in tunnel or so two ends, and servo system 7 is both placed in tunnel middle part, by chain 8 by active system 6,
Servo system 7, train model 9 connect into a closed loop moving system, whole kinematic system can realize acceleration to model trains,
Slow down, at the uniform velocity control.
Figure 10 illustrates the relative position relation of experimental image acquisition system and tunnel main body 1, can also from Figure 10
Go out, active system 6, swelling device 19, the annexation of tunnel main body 1.Camera system digital camera 22 is using piecewise acquisition
Method, every video camera is responsible for an IMAQ job for model tunnel standard paragraphs, and the image of two adjacent video cameras is adopted
Collection has the overlap of small range.What dotted line was represented in figure is every image-capture field of video camera.After IMAQ terminates, profit
With professional software by each image mosaic of video camera into an image entirety.
Data collecting system includes that pressure testing system 2, Research on Automatic Measuring System of Temperature 3, flue gas analysis system 4, Piston Wind Velocity are surveyed
Test system 5.Can in real time measure and record the parameters such as the pressure in tunnel, temperature, wind speed and smoke components, concentration.Additionally, figure
As acquisition system is arranged in outside tunnel high temperature resistant flame observation window 1-2, including many high-definition digital video cameras 22, it is responsible for collection fortune
The associated picture data of kinetoplast fire behavior.
The drive system of train model mainly includes active system 6 and the two parts of servo system 7.Train is controlled by chain
Acceleration, at the uniform velocity and braking.The locating wheel 14 of train model is placed in track 21, it is ensured that the linear motion of train model.
Under train high-speed cruising operating mode, it is ensured that train is not toppled over.Additionally, travel switch 17 is used to control the interval of train motion, prevent
Only model trains exceed predetermined moving region, so as to ensure the security of model experiment.
The course of work of the invention is as follows:
1) by high-speed camera (2~3) be placed in high temperature resistant flame observation window 1-2 outside, video camera apart from observation window about
1.5m, the position of video camera is maintained static in whole experiment, and the system time of each video camera is then unified before experiment starts
(error is in ± 1s), and adjust it and be in shooting state, shooting process is operated by experimenter.
2) working condition of each test system (2~5) is checked.Log-on data acquisition system, and check that each channel data is adopted
Whether collection is normal.After confirmed no problem, start each data collecting instrument writing function.
3) it is that fuel is weighed, and be injected into the burning of train model according to the weight of fuel specified in hot cigarette Experimental Standardization
In disk.
4) start blower fan 16, and the wind speed of blower fan 16 is adjusted according to the test data of speed testing system 5, make in tunnel
Force ventilation wind speed reaches the wind speed of experiment setting.Under calm operating mode, blower fan 16 should be closed.
5) tray for combustion in train model is lighted by vehicle window using long handle torch.
6) start the controlled motor 15 in the active system 6 of drive system, drive train model 9 to set by chain 8
Speed run in tunnel.
7) train on fire is first braked in operation after a period of time, after non-train on fire continues to move a period of time, brake non-
Fiery train.
8) put out a fire and weigh.Said process is the complete procedure of experiment, after the complete stroke of train operation, using tray for combustion cover plate
Extinguish tray for combustion, and weigh.
After experimental system is cooled to original state, prepare lower whorl experiment, repetitive process 1~8.
Although above in conjunction with figure, invention has been described, the invention is not limited in above-mentioned specific embodiment party
Formula, above-mentioned specific embodiment is only schematical, and rather than restricted, one of ordinary skill in the art is in this hair
Under bright enlightenment, without deviating from the spirit of the invention, many variations can also be made, these belong to guarantor of the invention
Within shield.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of in-car reduced scale cun experimental system on fire of single tunnel chain traction multiple movement bodies, including tunnel main body (1), is arranged at
Pressure testing system (2), Research on Automatic Measuring System of Temperature (3), flue gas analysis system (4) and Piston Wind Velocity test in tunnel main body (1)
System (5), train model (9) and the burner (12) being arranged in train model (9), it is characterised in that the tunnel master
Body (1) and train model (9) are assemblied to form by multistage reduced scale cun model experiment standard paragraphs, and train model (9) is two to multiple, often
Individual train model (9) headstock and the tailstock move active system (6) with respective train model respectively and train model motion is driven
System (7) is connected by chain (8), and train model (9) bottom is provided with train motion positions wheel (14), the train motion positions
Wheel (14) is in track (21);The burner (12) is arranged at any one section compartment middle part, the seat upper portion of train model
Or seat bottom.
2. the in-car reduced scale cun experimental system on fire of single tunnel chain traction multiple movement bodies according to claim 1, its feature exists
In the tunnel main body (1) includes high temperature resistant tunnel main body standard paragraphs (1-1), high temperature resistant flame observation window (1-2), driving-chain
Bar roller rack (18-1), driving chain carrying roller (18-2), are connected, at tunnel end between described tunnel standard paragraphs using flange
Head mounting flange, is tightened together between ring flange with bolt, and the tunnel main body for connecting is placed on tunnel main body rack
(20) on.
3. the in-car reduced scale cun experimental system on fire of single tunnel chain traction multiple movement bodies according to claim 1, its feature exists
In the train model (9) is front and rear to be respectively arranged with the chain strainer (13-1) before headstock and tailstock chain strainer (13-
2), the termination of chain (8) is connected using steel ring with chain strainer (13-1,13-2).
4. the in-car reduced scale cun experimental system on fire of single tunnel chain traction multiple movement bodies according to claim 1, its feature exists
In the burner (12) includes tray for combustion, and different positions is provided with burning tank position (12-1,12- on train model (9)
2,12-3), the size of tray for combustion and the size correspondence of burning tank position (12-1,12-2,12-3), are separated into multiple in tray for combustion
Small lattice.
5. the in-car reduced scale cun experimental system on fire of single tunnel chain traction multiple movement bodies according to claim 1, its feature exists
In train motion positions wheel (14) are welded on the underbody of train model (9), and train motion positions wheel (14) are positioned at track (21)
Interior, track (21) defines that train motion positions wheel (14) can only be in rail groove in " C " font, and track (21) uses module
Change design, connected by the way of sectionally smooth join between track, track leading portion and back segment are arranged to the form of " double buckle ", paragraph by paragraph
Grafting, it is fixed by screw (21-2) between rail body (21-1) and tunnel main body (1).
6. the in-car reduced scale cun experimental system on fire of single tunnel chain traction multiple movement bodies according to claim 1, its feature exists
In the train model moves active system (6) includes speed control motor (15), toothed disc (6-1) and tunnel main body (1)
The ring flange (6-2) of connection, speed control motor (15) is connected with toothed disc (6-1) using shaft coupling (6-3), speed control electricity
Machine (15) imparts power to toothed disc (6-1) by shaft coupling (6-3), and toothed disc (6-1) is rotated and drives chain (8) to transport again
Dynamic, chain (8) tractor-trailer train model (9) are moved according to designated movement rule.
7. the in-car reduced scale cun experimental system on fire of single tunnel chain traction multiple movement bodies according to claim 1, its feature exists
In, the train model move servo system (7) including toothed disc (7-1), the gear stand (7-2) of fixing tooth wheel disc, be easy to
Chain pass through tunnel bottom chain by hole (7-3), be positioned over tunnel internal for connecting the gear swelling device of chain
The support (19-2) of (19-1) and fixed gear swelling device;Chain (8) connects train model (9) and gear swelling device (19-
1) it is, and sagging by hole (7-3) by the chain of tunnel bottom, connection servo system toothed disc (7-1);Will by chain (8)
Active system (6), servo system (7), train model (9) connect into a closed loop moving system.
8. the in-car reduced scale cun experimental system on fire of single tunnel chain traction multiple movement bodies according to claim 2, its feature exists
In, the tunnel high temperature resistant flame observation window (1-2) outward, two at most platform high-definition digital video cameras are provided with.
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CN114441704A (en) * | 2022-01-15 | 2022-05-06 | 嘉应学院 | Test device for simulating high temperature of tunnel fire |
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CN201465406U (en) * | 2009-07-15 | 2010-05-12 | 中国安全生产科学研究院 | Fire simulation experiment platform of subway station |
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