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CN206907329U - A kind of modularization longitudinal direction smoke evacuation subway tunnel movable body fire test system - Google Patents

A kind of modularization longitudinal direction smoke evacuation subway tunnel movable body fire test system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN206907329U
CN206907329U CN201720045369.3U CN201720045369U CN206907329U CN 206907329 U CN206907329 U CN 206907329U CN 201720045369 U CN201720045369 U CN 201720045369U CN 206907329 U CN206907329 U CN 206907329U
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China
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tunnel
model
main body
train
train model
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201720045369.3U
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
朱春光
张欢
刘敏章
郑万冬
崔桐
由世俊
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Tianjin University
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Tianjin University
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of modularization longitudinal direction smoke evacuation subway tunnel movable body fire test system, including tunnel main body, the pressure testing system being arranged in tunnel main body, Research on Automatic Measuring System of Temperature, flue gas analysis system and Piston Wind Velocity test system, train model and the burner being arranged in train model, the tunnel main body and train model are assemblied to form by multistage reduced scale cun model experiment standard paragraphs, train model headstock and the tailstock are connected with moving active system and train model motion servo system with train model respectively by chain, top is provided with jet blower air-valve outside tunnel main body standard paragraphs, reduced scale cun jet blower, smoke shaft axial flow blower and smoke shaft air-valve.The utility model adjusts the length in model tunnel by adjusting the quantity of tunnel main body standard paragraphs, by adjusting the unlatching combination of jet blower module and vertical shaft axial flow blower module, to study movable body fire behavior, flue gas diffusion property and the Piston Action Wind rule of the subway of longitudinal direction smoke evacuation scheme or railway tunnel.

Description

A kind of modularization longitudinal direction smoke evacuation subway tunnel movable body fire test system
Technical field
It the utility model is related to subway tunnel multiple movement bodies fire reduced scale cun experimental system of growing up, more particularly to a kind of module Change longitudinal direction smoke evacuation subway tunnel movable body fire test system.
Background technology
In recent years, with the increasingly maturation of the technologies such as China's high ferro subway, in the tunnel scale built and newly come into operation Increase year by year, according to statistics, tunnel fire hazard frequency is about 2 times/108 car kms, and major long tunnel is caused by once occur fire Influence and the threat to personnel's tunnel structure safety is huge.With the growing up of subway tunnel, train is past after fire occurs Toward that can be forced to slow down up to parking, progress emergency evacuation in tunnel is finally trapped in, caused by this is due to following three kinds of situations: 1) driving system power supply would generally be cut off when fire occurs makes train run out of steam;2) motor failure can also lose train Power;3) passenger, which starts emergency braking system or artificial destruction, causes train to compel to stop.Often it is at a high speed when fire occurs for train Transport condition, the Piston Action Wind out of the dynamic process run at high speed to gradual ramp to stop, tunnel can be with train motion state Change and change.And Piston Action Wind can drive the flow direction of flue gas in tunnel.Before Train Stopping, the flue gas in tunnel is constantly in The rear of train, after train braking stops, the flue gas of the tailstock may proceed to move under the driving of Piston Action Wind, sprawling permutation row Car.
Subway of the length less than 2km or railway tunnel generally use and are grown by longitudinal purging mode of jet blower tissue The subway or railway tunnel in 2 km~4km are spent, smoke shaft is generally set among tunnel, using smoke shaft and jet wind Longitudinal smoke evacuation scheme that machine is combined.Whether longitudinal smoke evacuation scheme, which is applied to tunnel movable body fire, is one and urgently to be resolved hurrily asks Topic.It is therefore desirable to study under longitudinal purging mode, concrete on fire, the plug wind rule of the whole dynamic process of ramp to stop occur for train The Related Mechanism such as rule, fire combustion characteristics, fire and smoke spread characteristic, critical suppression wind speed, HRR.
Existing tunnel fire hazard reduced scale cun experimental system is mostly only applicable to study subway or railway tunnel train stops shape The fire behavior research of state, it is impossible to reflect dynamic process of the train from generation fire to ramp to stop.In addition, existing reduced scale cun Experiment is mostly used in tunnel model end set large axial flow fan, and flows grid in tunnel model inner tissue using air-supply Uniform vertical wind speed.This experimental provision generally comprises reduced scale cun tunnel model, train model, burner, ventilating system, Flow grid, temp measuring system, several parts such as wind speed test system and data collecting system.
It can be seen that current tunnel fire hazard experimental system for simulating can only carry out burning things which may cause a fire disaster stationary combustion source fire simulation experiment, it is impossible to Fire behavior under simulation fire source motion state.There is an urgent need to establish to can be used in movable body fire combustion characteristics and flue gas diffusion The experimental system of characteristic.In addition, this experimental system can not truly reflect actual subway tunnel longitudinal ventilation smoke evacuation system Smoke evacuation ability.Because in real tunnel, the sectional area of jet blower only accounts for the 3%~5% of tunnel cross-section, and tunnel breaks What the actual vertical wind speed in face was unevenly distributed, and experimental system flows grid by air-supply, the group in model tunnel cross-section Uniform vertical wind speed is knitted.And how by experimental system design modularization, so as to the analog study in an experimental system The subway tunnel situation of different length is also a urgent problem to be solved.
Utility model content
In order to solve problems of the prior art, the utility model provides a kind of modularization longitudinally smoke evacuation subway tunnel Movable body fire test system, overcome in the prior art can not in an experimental system analog study different length subway tunnel The problem of road fire situation.
The technical solution adopted in the utility model is:A kind of modular subway tunnel movable body fire contracting scale experiment system System, including tunnel main body, pressure testing system, Research on Automatic Measuring System of Temperature, flue gas analysis system and the work being arranged in tunnel main body Fill in wind speed test system, train model and the burner being arranged in train model, the tunnel main body and train model by Multistage reduced scale cun model experiment standard paragraphs are assemblied to form, and train model headstock and the tailstock are actively with being moved respectively with train model System and train model motion servo system are connected by chain, outside tunnel main body standard paragraphs top be provided with jet blower air-valve, Reduced scale cun jet blower, smoke shaft axial flow blower and smoke shaft air-valve.
The tunnel main body includes high temperature resistant tunnel main body standard paragraphs, high temperature resistant flame observation window, driving chain carrying roller branch Frame, driving chain carrying roller, are connected using flange between the standard paragraphs, and the tunnel main body connected is placed on tunnel main body rack On.
The jet blower air-valve, reduced scale cun jet blower, the air in model tunnel is aspirated by reduced scale cun elbow Enter to be arranged in the blower fan outside model tunnel, the size of blower fan is not limited by the reduced scale cun likelihood ratio, then passes through reduced scale cun elbow It is transported in model tunnel, the air quantity of reduced scale cun jet blower module is controlled by adjusting the aperture of jet blower air-valve.
The chain strainer before headstock and tailstock chain strainer, the end of chain are respectively arranged with before and after the train model Head is connected using steel ring with chain strainer.
Burning tank position and burner cover plate, positioned at the headstock of train model, the tailstock and car are provided with the top of train model Middle position.
The burner includes tray for combustion, and the size of tray for combustion is corresponding with the size of the burning tank position of train model, combustion Burn in disk and be separated into multiple small lattice.
Train model uses the car wheel structure with wheel rim, and wheel is located in I shape track, and wheel rim is stuck in into work On the inside of word track, track is directly adopted with tunnel main body and is screwed.
The train model motion active system includes speed control motor, active system toothed disc, connected with tunnel main body The active system ring flange connect, speed control motor are connected with active system toothed disc using shaft coupling, and speed control motor is led to Cross shaft coupling and impart power to active system toothed disc, toothed disc rotates and drives chain movement, chain traction model trains again Moved according to designated movement rule.
The train model motion servo system includes servo system toothed disc and the servo system being connected with tunnel main body Ring flange, servo system, active system, chain, train model form a closed loop connection together.
Outside the tunnel high temperature resistant flame observation window, two at most platform high-definition digital video cameras are provided with.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are:The utility model proposes a kind of new Spliced type using jet blower with The subway or railway tunnel movable body fire reduced scale cun experimental system for longitudinal smoke evacuation scheme that smoke shaft is combined.The system is led to The quantity for crossing adjustment tunnel main body standard paragraphs adjusts the length in model tunnel, by adjusting jet blower module and vertical shaft axle stream The unlatching combination of blower fan module, to study movable body fire behavior, the cigarette of the subway of longitudinal direction smoke evacuation scheme or railway tunnel Gas diffusion property and Piston Action Wind rule.The longitudinal ventilation scheme of experimental study includes three kinds:Only open jet blower module, only open Open vertical shaft axial flow blower module while open jet blower module and vertical shaft axial flow blower module.The utility model is movable body The experimental study of tunnel fire hazard provides platform, while is also prevented and reduced natural disasters for subway or railway tunnel and provide solution..It is real Check system includes model trains drive system, burner, temp measuring system, surveys air pressure system, ventilation smoke extraction system and measuring wind speed Several parts such as system.This patent may be directly applied to the subway or railway tunnel movable body fire using longitudinal ventilation smoke evacuation scheme Experimental study, there is good social benefit.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 subway tunnel movable body fire test system diagrams;
Fig. 2 tunnels main body assembly schematic diagram;Fig. 2 (a) is tunnel main body assembly schematic diagram, and Fig. 2 (b) is the connection of tunnel section Flange sectional drawing;
Fig. 3 jet blowers reduced scale cun analog module figure;
Fig. 4 train model figures;
Fig. 5 chains strainer and chain connection diagram;
Fig. 6 models tunnel cross-section and model trains rail profile figure;Fig. 6 (a) is tunnel sectional view of main part;Fig. 6 (b) is row Vehicle model sectional view;Fig. 6 (c) is train wheel and track relative position relation figure;
Fig. 7 tray for combustions side view and top view;Fig. 7 (a) is tray for combustion side view, and Fig. 7 (b) is tray for combustion top view;
Fig. 8 trains move active system side view;Fig. 8 (a) is side view of the train motion active system along tunnel direction, Fig. 8 (b) is side view of the train motion active system perpendicular to tunnel direction;
Fig. 9 trains move servo system side view;Fig. 9 (a) is side view of the train motion servo system along tunnel direction, Fig. 9 (b) is side view of the train motion servo system perpendicular to tunnel direction;
Figure 10 high-speed camera position figures;
Wherein:1. tunnel main body;2. pressure testing system;3. Research on Automatic Measuring System of Temperature;4. flue gas analysis system;5. Piston Action Wind Fast test system;6. train model moves active system;7. train model moves servo system;8. chain;9. train model; 10. driving chain tensioning device;11. smoke shaft air-valve;12. chain carrying roller;13. burner;14. speed control motor; 15. Reduced scale cun jet blower;16. travel switch;17. tunnel main body rack;18. smoke shaft axle stream smoke exhaust fan;19. track; 20. high-definition digital video camera.
Embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in figure 1, subway tunnel movable body fire test system includes tunnel main body 1, pressure testing system 2, temperature Test system 3, flue gas analysis system 4, Piston Wind Velocity test system 5, train model motion active system 6, train model motion Servo system 7, chain transmission system 8, train model 9, driving chain tensioning device 10, smoke shaft air-valve 11, chain carrying roller 12nd, burner 13, speed control motor 14, reduced scale cun jet blower 15, travel switch 16, tunnel main body rack 17, smoke evacuation are perpendicular Borehole axis stream smoke exhaust fan 18.
As shown in Fig. 2 tunnel main body has multistage reduced scale cun model experiment standard paragraphs to be assemblied to form, including high temperature resistant tunnel master Body standard paragraphs 1-1, high temperature resistant flame observation window 1-2, driving chain roller rack 12-1, driving chain carrying roller 12-2.Standard paragraphs Between connected using flange, the tunnel main body connected is placed on tunnel main body rack 17.Tunnel main body standard paragraphs are provided with and penetrated Flow fan air-valve 15-1, reduced scale cun jet blower 15-2, smoke shaft axial flow blower 18 and smoke shaft air-valve 11.Pass through adjustment The location of standard paragraphs with smoke evacuation module, adjustment reduced scale cun jet blower 15-2 and smoke shaft axial flow blower 18 are whole The position of tunnel model.
Fig. 3 illustrates the reduced scale cun analog module design of jet blower, including jet blower air-valve 15-1, reduced scale cun jet Blower fan 15-2.Because if the jet blower size in actual tunnel according to the likelihood ratio carried out contracting size design, reduced scale cun mould Type can be very small, is difficult now to find that size is suitable and the suitable small-sized fan of air quantity.The utility model proposes jet blower The solution of contracting size design.The air in model tunnel is aspirated into being arranged on model tunnel by reduced scale cun elbow 15-3 In outer blower fan 15-2, blower fan 15-2 size is not limited by the reduced scale cun likelihood ratio.Pass through the 15-3 conveyings of reduced scale cun elbow again Into model tunnel.The air quantity of reduced scale cun jet blower module is controlled by adjusting jet blower air-valve 15-1 aperture.
As shown in figure 4, experiment train model also connects by the way of standard paragraphs splice and combine.Be advantageous to study train chief Spend the influence to Piston Action Wind, and its influence to flue gas diffusion, fire behavior etc..Train model includes the chain tension before headstock Device 10-1 and tailstock chain strainer 10-2.The termination of chain 8 is connected using steel ring with chain strainer 10-1,10-2, is passed through Strainer is rotated, it is in tight state gradually to make chain, as shown in Figure 5.Burning tank position 13-1 and burning are provided with the top of train Device cover plate 13-2.Burner can be placed on the headstock of model trains, position in the tailstock and car, different suitable for research train Flue gas diffusion property during fire occurs for position.
Fig. 6 respectively show tunnel model sectional drawing and train model sectional drawing, wherein, train model 9 is using with wheel The car wheel structure of edge, wheel are located in I shape track 19, and wheel rim is stuck in into the inner side of I-shaped track 19, plays restriction train The effect of motion, ensure not topple under train high-speed straight-line motion state.Track 19 is directly consolidated with tunnel main body 1 using screw It is fixed.The combustion system of model trains includes burning tank position 13-1 and burner cover plate 13-2.
Fig. 7 respectively show tray for combustion side view and top view.The size of tray for combustion and the burning tank position of train model 13-1 size is corresponding.During experiment, tray for combustion is positioned in burning tank position 13-1.Meanwhile it is separated into tray for combustion multiple Small lattice.Suitable for the movable body fire behavior and flue gas diffusion property of the fire for studying varying strength.
Fig. 8 illustrates the side view of train motion active system.Active system includes speed control motor 14, active system Toothed disc 6-1, the active system ring flange 6-2 being connected with tunnel main body 1, speed control motor 14 and active system toothed disc 6- 1 utilizes shaft coupling 6-3 connections.Speed control motor 14 imparts power to active system toothed disc 6-1 by shaft coupling 6-3, Active system toothed disc 6-1 is rotated drives chain 8 to move again, and the trailed model train 9 of chain 8 is transported according to designated movement rule It is dynamic.Have benefited from the front and rear of model trains 9 to be all connected with chain 8, form a closed loop connection.So chain 8 can both control mould Type train 9 accelerates, again can be with the retarding braking of Controlling model train 9.
Fig. 9 illustrates the side view of train motion servo system, and servo system includes servo system toothed disc 7-1 and and tunnel The servo system ring flange 7-2 that road main body 1 connects.Servo system 7, active system 6, chain 8, train model 9 form one together The connection of individual closed loop, whole kinematic system can realize acceleration to model trains, deceleration, at the uniform velocity control.
Figure 10 illustrates the relative position relation of experimental image acquisition system and tunnel main body 1, from fig. 10 it can be seen that tunnel All it is to be connected using flange between road main body 1.Camera system 20 is using the method for piecewise acquisition, the responsible mould of every video camera The IMAQ work of type tunnel standard paragraphs, the IMAQ of adjacent two video cameras have the overlapping of small range.It is empty in figure What line represented is the image-capture field of every video camera.After IMAQ terminates, using professional software by each video camera 20- 1st, 20-2,20-3 image mosaic are into an image entirety.
Data collecting system includes pressure testing system 2, Research on Automatic Measuring System of Temperature 3, flue gas analysis system 4, Piston Wind Velocity and surveyed Test system 5.It can in real time measure and record the parameters such as the pressure in tunnel, temperature, wind speed and smoke components, concentration.In addition, figure As acquisition system 20 is arranged in outside tunnel high temperature resistant flame observation window 1-2, including more high-definition digital video camera 20-1,20-2, 20-3, it is responsible for the associated picture data of collection movable body fire behavior.
The drive system of model trains mainly includes active system 6 and the two parts of servo system 7.Train is controlled by chain Acceleration, at the uniform velocity and braking.Wheel of the use of train model with wheel rim, wheel are placed on track 19, ensure train model Do not topple under high-speed straight-line transport condition.In addition, travel switch 16 is used to control the section of train motion, model trains are prevented Beyond predetermined moving region, so as to ensure the security of model experiment.
The course of work of the present utility model is as follows:
1) high-speed camera (2~3) is placed on the outside of high temperature resistant flame observation window 1-2, video camera apart from observation window about 1.5m, the position of video camera is fixed in whole experiment, then unifies the system time of each video camera before experiment starts (error is in ± 1s), and adjust it and be in shooting state, shooting process is operated by experimenter.
2) working condition of each test system (2~5) is checked.Log-on data acquisition system, and check that each channel data is adopted Whether collection is normal.After confirmed no problem, start each data collecting instrument writing function.
3) according to the weight of fuel specified in hot cigarette Experimental Standardization, weighed for fuel, and be injected into the burning of train model In disk.
4) reduced scale cun jet blower 15 and vertical shaft smoke exhaust fan 18 are started, and according to the test data of speed testing system 5, The rotating speed of reduced scale cun jet blower 15 and vertical shaft smoke exhaust fan 18 is adjusted, the force ventilation wind speed in tunnel is reached experiment setting Wind speed.Under calm operating mode, reduced scale cun jet blower 15 and vertical shaft smoke exhaust fan 18 should close.
5) tray for combustion in train model is lighted using long handle torch.
6) start the controlled motor 14 in the active system 6 of drive system, drive train model 9 to set by chain 8 Speed run in tunnel.
7) experiment and adjusting parameter experiment are repeated.Said process for experiment complete procedure, after the complete stroke of train operation, profit Extinguish tray for combustion with tray for combustion cover plate 13-2, and weigh.After experimental system is cooled to original state, prepare lower whorl experiment, weight Multiple process 1~7.
Although the utility model is described above in conjunction with figure, the utility model is not limited to above-mentioned tool Body embodiment, above-mentioned embodiment is only schematical, rather than restricted, the ordinary skill people of this area Member, in the case where not departing from the utility model aims, can also make many variations under enlightenment of the present utility model, these Belong within protection of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of modularization longitudinally smoke evacuation subway tunnel movable body fire test system, including tunnel main body (1), is arranged at tunnel Pressure testing system (2), Research on Automatic Measuring System of Temperature (3), flue gas analysis system (4) and Piston Wind Velocity test system in main body (1) (5), train model (9) and the burner (13) being arranged in train model (9), it is characterised in that the tunnel main body (1) Be assemblied to form with train model (9) by multistage reduced scale cun model experiment standard paragraphs, train model (9) headstock and the tailstock with respectively with Train model motion active system (6) and train model motion servo system (7) are connected by chain (8), tunnel main body standard The outside top of section provided with jet blower air-valve (15-1), reduced scale cun jet blower (15-2), smoke shaft axial flow blower (18) and Smoke shaft air-valve (11).
2. modularization longitudinal direction smoke evacuation subway tunnel movable body fire test system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute Stating tunnel main body (1) includes high temperature resistant tunnel main body standard paragraphs (1-1), high temperature resistant flame observation window (1-2), driving chain carrying roller Support (12-1), driving chain carrying roller (12-2), connected using flange between the standard paragraphs, the tunnel main body connected is placed On tunnel main body rack (17).
3. modularization longitudinal direction smoke evacuation subway tunnel movable body fire test system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute Jet blower air-valve (15-1), reduced scale cun jet blower (15-2) are stated, by reduced scale cun elbow (15-3) by model tunnel Air is aspirated into the blower fan (15-2) being arranged on outside model tunnel, and the size of blower fan (15-2) is not limited by the reduced scale cun likelihood ratio System, then be transported to by reduced scale cun elbow (15-3) in model tunnel, the air quantity of reduced scale cun jet blower module is penetrated by regulation The aperture of flow fan air-valve (15-1) controls.
4. modularization longitudinal direction smoke evacuation subway tunnel movable body fire test system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute State that train model (9) is front and rear to be respectively arranged with chain strainer (10-1) and tailstock chain strainer (10-2) before headstock, chain The termination of bar (8) is connected using steel ring with chain strainer (10-1,10-2).
5. modularization longitudinal direction smoke evacuation subway tunnel movable body fire test system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that row It is provided with burning tank position (13-1) and burner cover plate (13-2) at the top of vehicle model (9), the headstock positioned at train model (9), Position in the tailstock and car.
6. modularization longitudinal direction smoke evacuation subway tunnel movable body fire test system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that institute Stating burner (13) includes tray for combustion, and the size of tray for combustion is corresponding with the size of the burning tank position (13-1) of train model (9), Multiple small lattice are separated into tray for combustion.
7. modularization longitudinal direction smoke evacuation subway tunnel movable body fire test system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that row Vehicle model (9) is located in I shape track (19) using the car wheel structure with wheel rim, wheel, and wheel rim is stuck in into I-rail On the inside of road (19), track (19) is directly adopted with tunnel main body (1) and is screwed.
8. modularization longitudinal direction smoke evacuation subway tunnel movable body fire test system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute Stating train model motion active system (6) includes speed control motor (14), active system toothed disc (6-1) and tunnel main body (1) the active system ring flange (6-2) of connection, speed control motor (14) utilize shaft coupling with active system toothed disc (6-1) (6-3) is connected, and speed control motor (14) imparts power to active system toothed disc (6-1) by shaft coupling (6-3), actively System gear disk (6-1) rotates drives chain (8) to move again, and chain (8) tractor-trailer train model (9) enters according to designated movement rule Row motion.
9. modularization longitudinal direction smoke evacuation subway tunnel movable body fire test system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute Stating train model motion servo system (7) includes servo system toothed disc (7-1) and the servo system being connected with tunnel main body (1) Ring flange (7-2), servo system (7), active system (6), chain (8), train model (9) form a closed loop connection together.
10. modularization longitudinal direction smoke evacuation subway tunnel movable body fire test system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that The tunnel high temperature resistant flame observation window (1-2) outside, is provided with two at most platform high-definition digital video cameras.
CN201720045369.3U 2017-01-12 2017-01-12 A kind of modularization longitudinal direction smoke evacuation subway tunnel movable body fire test system Expired - Fee Related CN206907329U (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106781978A (en) * 2017-01-12 2017-05-31 天津大学 A kind of modularization longitudinal direction smoke evacuation subway tunnel movable body fire test system
CN113360991A (en) * 2021-06-29 2021-09-07 四川农业大学 Design method of disaster prevention ventilation facility of tunnel portal emergency rescue station

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106781978A (en) * 2017-01-12 2017-05-31 天津大学 A kind of modularization longitudinal direction smoke evacuation subway tunnel movable body fire test system
CN113360991A (en) * 2021-06-29 2021-09-07 四川农业大学 Design method of disaster prevention ventilation facility of tunnel portal emergency rescue station
CN113360991B (en) * 2021-06-29 2023-03-14 四川农业大学 Design method of disaster prevention ventilation facility of tunnel portal emergency rescue station

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Granted publication date: 20180119