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CN1067914C - 微型静力混合机 - Google Patents

微型静力混合机 Download PDF

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CN1067914C
CN1067914C CN96197880A CN96197880A CN1067914C CN 1067914 C CN1067914 C CN 1067914C CN 96197880 A CN96197880 A CN 96197880A CN 96197880 A CN96197880 A CN 96197880A CN 1067914 C CN1067914 C CN 1067914C
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mixing chamber
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CN1200682A (zh
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K·舒伯特
W·比尔
E·赫尔曼
T·门泽尔
G·林德尔
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Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种微型静力混合机，它有混合室和设在混合室上游的导引构件，后者用于向混合室分别输入要混合或弥散的流体。本发明的目的是设计在此类结构型式的微型静力混合机中用于向混合室分别输入要混合的流体的导引构件，以改善在混合室内混合过程的效果。本发明具有下列特征：a)导引构件的片状元件A和B各由薄片组成，薄片的厚度为10至1000μm最好小于250μm，其横向尺寸为毫米级，薄片上加工有一排相邻的槽，所以在薄片层叠时各形成一系列的通道，用于导引要混合的流体A′、B′；b)槽的深度为小于1000μm最好小于250μm，宽度为1μm至毫米级，但最好小于500μm，隔板的和槽底的壁厚小于1000μm最好小于250μm；c)在层叠起来的薄片内的各排槽以下列方式分别呈弧形弯曲延伸并交替地从混合室各通向一流体A′或B′的输入室，即，使薄片的所有排的槽互相平行对齐地通入混合室。

Description

微型静力混合机
本发明涉及一种按权利要求1前序部分所述的微型静力混合机，它有一混合室和一设在混合室上游的导引构件，后者用于向混合室分别输入要混合或要弥散的流体。
由WO 91/16970 A1(PCT/CH91/00109 V.14.11.1991)已知一种在一个含混合元件、催化剂元件和通道元件的蒸馏柱内的混合机组件，这些元件可分层排列。在一层内的相邻元件相互相对于主流动方向倾斜设置。因此这些元件可有斜棱柱的形状，它被横截面为正方形的直的和互相平行延伸的通道贯穿，以及它可通过组合具有一定结构的板制成。在一种如此设计的结构中，要混合的流体受到均匀的流动阻力，但是用作混合室的柱馏腔从中心到边缘区方向混合效果在元件的流出端急剧下降。
由DE 31 14195C2已知此类用于混合流动介质的混合设备，它有至少两个进口通道，一个与进口通道连接的通道体以及一个与通道体公共的出口端相连的出口通道。用于向出口通道分别输入要混合的介质被各通道贯穿的通道体由互相层叠的一个个波纹件组成，波纹件各包括一隔板和一波纹片。每个波纹件的一个个通道由波纹片的波纹与所属的隔板构成。这些波纹件互相层叠成，使相邻件的各通道互相形成预定的角度。在一种实施例中，此结构设计为使通道体有一个个长度相同的平行的通道，其中，这些有关波纹件的一个个通道交替地连接在两个进口通道之一上，但在通道体的出口端各通道的出口上下叠置。因为沿通道体的高度方向看有关的介质只允许流入每第二个单通道中，所以去各中间的波纹件的进口必须关闭(见第6列26至33行并结合图7a、7b)，从而形成死体积。在这种结构类型中也仅在通道体出口端的中心获得最佳的混合；朝边缘区的方向混合效果下降。此外，所需的进口密封的结构型式和装配复杂，并随着通道横截面越来越小遇到在加工技术上的困难。
以上面所讨论的先有技术为出发点，本发明的目的是，对于此类结构型式的静力混合机，将用于向混合室分别输入要混合的流体的导引构件设计为，使得在混合室内在地点和时间方面有更好的混合效果。此外，混合机在导引构件内的通道可以是一种真空密封和耐压的结构形式，所以混合机尤其可用于化学工程中。
此目的借助于专利权利要求1特征部分所述特征来达到。其所从属的从属权利要求包含了此解决方案的有利的改进结构。
采用弧形的互相平行并沿主流动方向流入混合室的导引构件的元件A和B的通道，可沿整个流出截面获得均匀而充分的混合并与此同时避免在导引构件内的死体积。由于通道排的微结构，将要混合或要弥散的流体分成许多相邻的极细的流束或层，它们在进入混合室时可以在最快和最短的过程中混合，或分解为成滴或成泡沫的弥散相和形成连续相的包壳相。通道出口并因而混合室进口处流束的密度为每平方厘米数千个出口或流束。
下面借助于附图说明按本发明的微型混合机的实施例以及制造此微型混合机的方法。
图1用透视和大比例放大图表示两个要层叠的开有槽的薄片和一个盖片；
图2示意表示此微型混合机的俯视图；
图3说明开槽薄片的制造方法。
按图1要层叠的片状元件交替地由薄片1A和1B组成，薄片的厚度为30至1000μm，最好＜250μm，横向尺寸在毫米的数量级范围内。在薄片1A、1B中各加工一排狭窄的彼此相邻呈弧形弯曲的槽2A、2B，所以在薄片1A、1B层叠后交替地各形成一系列通道3A和3B(见图2)  。
槽的深度为小于1000μm，最好小于250μm，宽度为10μm至毫米级，但最好小于500μm，隔板4A、4B的壁厚和槽底5A、5B的壁厚小于1000μm，最好小于250μm。槽排2B从左后端面6B弧形地延伸到薄片1B前端面8B的中部6C，槽排2A从右后端面6A弧形地延伸到薄片1A前端面8A的中部6C，这两种薄片类型1A和1B有相同的平面形状。此平面形状有五角形的几何形状，它由一矩形和与此矩形相连的等腰三角形构成，其中矩形的一侧构成等腰三角形的底边。
若将多个这种薄片1A和1B交替和叠合地互相层叠起来，便形成一个如图2示意表示在俯视图中那样的导引构件6。在由三角形腰构成的两个面6A、6B处连接着流体A′，B′的输入室7A、7B。在位于相对位置的、通道3A、3B互相平行对齐地汇入其中的面8的中部6C处与混合室9C相连，互相要混合或要弥散在一起的流体A′、B′或它们的反应产物C经混合室9C排出。
构成三角形腰的面6A、6B相对于导引构件6的面8和两个侧面10、11倾斜成，使从那里连接有混合室9C的面8中部6C出发的、从薄片1A到薄片1B交替地通往输入室7A和输入室7B的成排的弧形通道3A和3B基本上有相同的长度。
对于圆弧形的槽或通道，这意味着弧长应
Figure C9619788000061
式中r表示有关的曲率半径，α表示所涉及的槽或通道所属的圆弧角。这将导致弯曲的腰面6A、6B。但实际上此弯曲的面用一近似直线“整平”通常就足够了，例如按公式 α 2 α 1 = r 1 r 2
其中r1表示最大半径和r2表示最小半径，以及α1和α2表示属于最靠外和最靠里的槽的圆弧角。
在层叠后薄片1A、1B加上盖片15并真空密封和耐压地互相连接，例如扩散焊，所以如此形成的导引构件6获得了一种均匀微结构体的设计，此微结构体与室7A、7B和9C相连。
为制造薄片1A、1B可使用一可旋转的具有磨光表面的烧结金属板12，在它上面利用负压紧压一由金属如铜或银制的未加工薄片13(见图3)。在此自身旋转的未加工薄片13上借助成型金刚石(图中未表示)在未加工薄片13的旋转中心M与周边之间的中部加工一排同心的槽14。然后将此未加工好的薄片13按下列方式分成四个单独的薄片1A、1B，即，形成四个与同心槽排的中央直径一致的纵侧8，在它们的中部圆弧形槽排14获得它们的出口；各两个总共八个窄侧10、11；以及各两个三角形的腰对6A、6B，其中槽排14分别通入两个腰6A或6B。因此，由四个部分形成了上文已提及的四个全等的五角形。这些槽最好有矩形横截面。也可以互相层叠多个已开槽的未加工完的薄片并共同切割成五角形。
符号表
  1A  薄片        8    前端面
  1B  薄片        9C   混合室
  2A  槽          10   侧面
  2B  槽          11   侧面
  3A  通道        12   烧结金属板
  3B  通道        13   未加工的薄片
  4A  隔板        14   槽
  4B  隔板        15   盖片
  5A  槽底        A′  流体
  5B  槽底        B′  流体
  6   导引构件    C′  反应产物
  6A  后端面      r1  曲率半径
  6B  后端面      r2  曲率半径
  6C  中部        α1 圆弧角
  7A  输入室      α2 圆弧角
  7B  输入室      M    旋转中心

Claims (5)

1．微型静力混合机有混合室和设在混合室上游的导引构件，后者用于分别向混合室输入要混合或弥散的流体，其中，导引构件由多个片状层叠的元件组成，这些元件上各横贯一系列长的彼此相邻地延伸的通道；至少设有两类元件A和B，它们交替层叠以及它们的系列通道以其毗邻混合室的出口处于上下重叠的位置并在那里形成一个共同的横截面，在这种情况下交替地使元件类A的系列通道通向流体A′的输入室而元件类B的系列通道通向流体B′的输入室，其特征为：
a)导引构件的片状元件A和B分别由薄片(1A、1B)组成，薄片的厚度为30至1000μm，其横向尺寸为毫米数量级，薄片上加工有一排相邻的槽(2A、2B)，所以在薄片(1A、1B)层叠时各形成一系列通道(3A、3B)，用于导引要混合的流体A′和B′；
b)槽(2A、2B)的深度为小于1000μm，宽度为10μm至毫米级，隔板(4A、4B)和槽底(5A、5B)的壁厚小于1000μm；
c)在层叠起来的薄片(1A、1B)内的各排槽(2A、2B)以下列方式分别呈弧形弯曲延伸并交替地从混合室(9C)各通向一个流体A′或B′的输入室(7A、7B)，即，使薄片(1A、1B)的全部槽(2A、2B)排平行地互相对齐地通入混合室(9C)。
2．按照权利要求1所述的微型静力混合机，其特征在于，所述组成导引构件的片状元件A和B的薄片(1A,1B)的厚度小于250um，所述槽(2A,2B)的深度小于250um，宽度小于500um；隔板(4A,4B)和槽底(5A,5B)的壁厚小于250um。
3．按照权利要求1或2所述的微型静力混合机，其特征为：
a)层叠的薄片1A、1B在俯视图中看有五角形的几何形状，它由矩形和与之连接的等腰三角形构成，其中矩形的一侧形成此等腰三角形的底边；
b)流体A＇和B′的输入室(7A、7B)与由此三角的腰构成的两个面(6A、6B)相连，而混合室(9C)则与由矩形中处于相对位置的长边构成的面(8)相连；
c)三角形的腰(6A、6B)相对于其底边倾斜成，使得从混合室(9C)起从薄片(1A)到薄片(1B)交替地通向输入室(7A)和输入室(7B)的弧形槽(2A、2B)总是有近似相同的长度。
4．按照权利要求1或2所述的微型静力混合机，其特征为：层叠的薄片(1A,1B)互相例如通过扩散焊连接成一个真空密封和耐压的微结构体，它与输入室(7A和7B)及混合室(9C)相连。
5．制造按权利要求3所述薄片的方法，其特征在于下列步骤：
a)利用负压将未加工的薄片(13)紧压在可旋转的磨光的金属烧结板(12)上；
b)在自身旋转的未加工薄片(13)上借助于成型金刚石在此未加工薄片(13)的旋转中心(M)与其周边之间的中部加工一系列同心的槽(14)；
c)将此未加工好的薄片(13)按下列方式分成四个单独的薄片(1A、1B)，即，通过两个互相垂直并相交在旋转中心(M)中的切口形成四个部分；以及，在每一个部分上通过进一步的切割形成四个按权利要求2所述的全等的五角形。
CN96197880A 1995-10-28 1996-07-18 微型静力混合机 Expired - Fee Related CN1067914C (zh)

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ATE193223T1 (de) 2000-06-15
CN1200682A (zh) 1998-12-02
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DK0857080T3 (da) 2000-08-07
PT857080E (pt) 2000-09-29
KR19990067130A (ko) 1999-08-16

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