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CN106738140B - 一种利用桦树木制备的园林景观防腐木 - Google Patents

一种利用桦树木制备的园林景观防腐木 Download PDF

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CN106738140B
CN106738140B CN201611099146.1A CN201611099146A CN106738140B CN 106738140 B CN106738140 B CN 106738140B CN 201611099146 A CN201611099146 A CN 201611099146A CN 106738140 B CN106738140 B CN 106738140B
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preservative
impregnation tank
pressure impregnation
anticorrosive wood
plumisclerina
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CN106738140A (zh
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陈利
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Hebei harmony garden Engineering Group Co., Ltd.
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Hebei And Feng Garden Engineering Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/0207—Pretreatment of wood before impregnation
    • B27K3/0214—Drying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/08—Impregnating by pressure, e.g. vacuum impregnation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/04—Combined bleaching or impregnating and drying of wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K2240/00—Purpose of the treatment
    • B27K2240/20—Removing fungi, molds or insects

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种利用桦树木制备的园林景观防腐木，所述的防腐木经过如下步骤，桦木材干燥处理，使其含水率≤13%；（3）、木材浸渍防腐剂处理：将干燥后的木材装入高压浸渍罐中，盖好盖后，将高压浸渍罐抽真空度至0.07MPa～0.08MPa，保持30～60分钟，然后在高压浸渍罐内注满防腐剂，卸除真空，缓慢加压至1.5～1.7MPa，并保压2～4小时，卸压，排出防腐剂，然后将高压浸渍罐再次抽真空至0.07MPa～0.08MPa，保持35分钟，解除真空，取出木材；（4）、将浸渍处理后的木材干燥至含水率≤12%，得到所需的桦木防腐。

Description

一种利用桦树木制备的园林景观防腐木
技术领域
本发明涉及一种防腐剂，具体是一种利用桦树木制备的园林景观防腐木，属于农业技术领域。
背景技术
防腐木，是将普通木材经过人工添加化学防腐剂之后，使其具有防腐蚀、防潮、防真菌、防虫蚁、防霉变以及防水等特性。能够直接接触土壤及潮湿环境，经常使用在户外地板，工程，景观，防腐木花架等，供人们歇息和欣赏自然美景，是户外地板、园林景观、木秋千、娱乐设施、木栈道等的理想材料。
目前常用的木材防腐剂分为三大类：油类防腐剂，主要是防腐油，煤焦油，蒽油等；油载防腐剂，主要包括五氯酚、环烷酸铜、8－羟基喹啉铜等；水载防腐剂包括含砷或铬的水载型防腐剂，如CCA(铜铬砷)、ACC(酸性铬酸铜)、ACA(氨溶砷酸铜)、ACZA(氨溶砷酸锌铜)等，不含砷或铬的水载型防腐剂如ACQ(季铵铜)、CBA－A(铜硼唑)、CA－B(铜唑)等。这些传统木材防腐剂取得了较好的防腐效果，但会对环境产生污染，并通过生物浓缩和食物链作用，使得药剂在生物体内积累、残留，甚至造成致癌、致畸、基因突变等慢性毒害。
Plumisclerin A,a Diterpene with a New Skeleton from the SoftCoralPlumigorgiaterminosclera Org.Lett.,2010,12(5),912–914。
申请人发现PlumisclerinA与蝙蝠葛碱在一定比例下配合对于制备桦木防腐木具有防腐增效的效果。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术存在的问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种利用桦树木制备的园林景观防腐木，它是利用桦木作为材料制备防腐木防腐效果好，成本低。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是:一种利用桦树木制备的园林景观防腐木，所述的防腐木经过如下步骤，桦木材干燥处理，使其含水率≤13％；(3)、木材浸渍防腐剂处理：将干燥后的木材装入高压浸渍罐中，盖好盖后，将高压浸渍罐抽真空度至0.07MPa～0.08MPa，保持30～60分钟，然后在高压浸渍罐内注满防腐剂，卸除真空，缓慢加压至1.5～1.7MPa，并保压2～4小时，卸压，排出防腐剂，然后将高压浸渍罐再次抽真空至0.07MPa～0.08MPa，保持35分钟，解除真空，取出木材；(4)、将浸渍处理后的木材干燥至含水率≤12％，得到所需的桦木防腐木。
所述的防腐剂的主要有效成分为:PlumisclerinA和蝙蝠葛碱，PlumisclerinA其结构式如下：
所述的PlumisclerinA与蝙蝠葛碱的重量份数之比为1:1-30:1，PlumisclerinA与蝙蝠葛碱的重量占防腐剂总重量的0.3％～5％。
本发明通过将桦木作为原料制备防腐木，制作成本低，防腐剂利用天然化合物PlumisclerinA和蝙蝠葛碱复合防腐剂，无污染，申请人发现PlumisclerinA与蝙蝠葛碱配伍在特定的比例下发现制备的桦木防腐木具有很好的防霉效果，特别是在PlumisclerinA与蝙蝠葛碱的重量份数之比为13-16:1之间，其协同防霉效果非常的明显，而且毒性小，健康环保。
具体实施方式
蝙蝠葛碱，CAS号:524-17-4，成都植标化纯生物技术有限公司等均有售。
本发明所涉及化合物PlumisclerinA的制备方法参见文献：(Plumisclerin A,aDiterpene with a New Skeleton from the Soft CoralPlumigorgiaterminoscleraOrg.Lett.,2010,12(5),912–914)。
效果试验:
试材桦木防腐木，桦木材干燥处理，使其含水率≤13％；(3)、木材浸渍防腐剂处理：将干燥后的木材装入高压浸渍罐中，盖好盖后，将高压浸渍罐抽真空度至0.07MPa～0.08MPa，保持30～60分钟，然后在高压浸渍罐内注满防腐剂，卸除真空，缓慢加压至1.5～1.7MPa，并保压2～4小时，卸压，排出防腐剂，然后将高压浸渍罐再次抽真空至0.07MPa～0.08MPa，保持35分钟，解除真空，取出木材；(4)、将浸渍处理后的木材干燥至含水率≤12％，得到所需的桦木防腐木。
本实验中桦木全部加工成100mm×60mm×10mm(长×宽×厚)的试样。
霉菌:黑曲霉(AspergillusnigerV.Tiegh)，桔青霉(PenicilliumcitrintimThom)，菌种由中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所提供。
实验设备
MJX-8503智能培养箱，BCL-1360-B型超净工作台等。
将同一组的试样放在烧杯中井字形摆放，重物压顶以防止浮动，然后倒入药液并使其液面高出试样材顶2cm。取出后，擦掉试样表面的残液。空白对照组试样用无菌水浸泡，处理后的试样置于通风处，气干21天。
防霉效果评价
参照国家标准《防霉剂防治木材霉菌及蓝变菌的实验方法》，检测处理试样的室内防霉性能。试样接菌后的4周内，每3天观察记录一次试样的被害值以及试样表面发生霉变的程度，并参照试样的被害值。
试样表面发生霉变的程度 试菌感染面积被害值
试样表面无菌丝 0
试样表面感染面积＜1/4 1
试样表面感染面积1/4～1/2 2
试样表面感染面积1/2～3/4 3
试样表面感染面积＞3/4 4
药剂对霉菌的防治效力计算公式为:
E＝(1-Dt/D0)×100％式中:E为防治效力(％)；Dt为药剂处理试样的平均被害值；D0为未处理对照试样的平均被害值，
经过4周室内防霉实验后，不同浓度组份防腐剂制备的防腐木试样对霉菌的防治效力见表。
防腐剂的辅助配方为：聚乙烯吡咯烷酮2％，正丁醇5％，余量水，
A为PlumisclerinA，B为蝙蝠葛碱。
由实验结果可以看出单一的PlumisclerinA和蝙蝠葛碱作为防腐剂制备防腐木具有一定的防霉效果，但是效果不显著，大量的试验表明只有PlumisclerinA与蝙蝠葛碱13-16:1的比例防腐剂制备的防腐木对于霉菌的防治效果好，而其他比例组均不显著，可见PlumisclerinA与蝙蝠葛碱在13-16:1时作为防腐剂制备的桦木防腐木协同防腐效果明显，具有显著的进步。

Claims (2)

1.一种利用桦树木制备的园林景观防腐木，所述的防腐木经过如下步骤，桦木材干燥处理，使其含水率≤13%；木材浸渍防腐剂处理：将干燥后的木材装入高压浸渍罐中，盖好盖后，将高压浸渍罐抽真空度至0.07MPa～0.08MPa，保持30～60分钟，然后在高压浸渍罐内注满防腐剂，卸除真空，缓慢加压至1.5～1.7MPa，并保压2～4小时，卸压，排出防腐剂，然后将高压浸渍罐再次抽真空至0.07MPa～0.08MPa，保持35分钟，解除真空，取出木材；将浸渍处理后的木材干燥至含水率≤12%，得到所需的桦木防腐木；所述的防腐剂的主要有效成分为:PlumisclerinA和蝙蝠葛碱，所述的PlumisclerinA和蝙蝠葛碱质量比为16:1，
PlumisclerinA其结构式如下：
。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用桦树木制备的园林景观防腐木，其特征在于，PlumisclerinA与蝙蝠葛碱的重量，占防腐剂总重量的0.3％～5％。
CN201611099146.1A 2016-12-04 2016-12-04 一种利用桦树木制备的园林景观防腐木 Expired - Fee Related CN106738140B (zh)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104029264A (zh) * 2014-06-25 2014-09-10 江苏东珠景观股份有限公司 一种用于景观绿化中的耐久性强的防腐木
CN104210001A (zh) * 2014-07-24 2014-12-17 株洲市长缨有害生物防治有限责任公司 一种防虫防霉剂及其应用
CN104858964A (zh) * 2014-12-25 2015-08-26 王玉燕 一种防腐木材的生产方法

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104029264A (zh) * 2014-06-25 2014-09-10 江苏东珠景观股份有限公司 一种用于景观绿化中的耐久性强的防腐木
CN104210001A (zh) * 2014-07-24 2014-12-17 株洲市长缨有害生物防治有限责任公司 一种防虫防霉剂及其应用
CN104858964A (zh) * 2014-12-25 2015-08-26 王玉燕 一种防腐木材的生产方法

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