CN106623928A - Device for entering and exiting of shielding gas on two sides of forming bin of metal 3D printing equipment - Google Patents
Device for entering and exiting of shielding gas on two sides of forming bin of metal 3D printing equipment Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106623928A CN106623928A CN201611173097.1A CN201611173097A CN106623928A CN 106623928 A CN106623928 A CN 106623928A CN 201611173097 A CN201611173097 A CN 201611173097A CN 106623928 A CN106623928 A CN 106623928A
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- air
- inlet duct
- out apparatus
- gas outlet
- gas
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/70—Gas flow means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a device for entering and exiting of shielding gas on two sides of a forming bin of metal 3D printing equipment. Gas exiting and entering devices for working bins in metal selective forming equipment are generally simple pore channel devices or rectangular devices, have common problems that gas flow produced at a gas inlet in a laser sintering process for powder cannot blow away black smoke and metal vapor plasma produced under mutual action of laser and powder, and then larger power loss of laser and irregular shape of a weld pool are caused and result in severe influence on forming quality and forming precision of formed parts, or have the problem that powder sintering black smoke close to the gas inlet and is blown to be scattered on a powder layer close to a gas outlet and printing work is affected. The specific device is mainly designed to enable gas flow to form stable laminar flow and effectively blow away the black smoke and metal vapor plasma produced during laser sintering of the powder, the laser energy utilization rate can be increased by about 10%-15%, the quality and the precision of the formed parts can be improved effectively, and the density of the formed parts approaches 100%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the device that a kind of protective gas in metal 3D printing equipment forming bin comes in and goes out, mainly solves
The black smoke produced during laser sintering powder during selective laser melting (SLM) molding and metallic plasma are to laser severe attrition
Problem, so as to lift the utilization rate of the laser energy of about 10%-15%, and effectively lifts quantity of sintered parts and precision, makes into
Type part consistency close 100%.
Background technology
There is huge change in current market environment, on the one hand show as consumer demand it is increasingly personalized and
Variation；Another aspect is then the keen competition that goods producers are conceived to world market.In the face of such a rapid change
Change and unforeseen buyer's market, manufacturers not only will soon design the product for meeting people's consumption demand, and
Soon must manufacture out, can just seize market.Response of traditional production in enormous quantities pattern to market is slow, it is impossible to
Fast responding market demand.For this purpose, in recent ten years industrialized country researches and develops new manufacturing technology with having been working hard, improve
Development of manufacturing level, to occupy a tiny space in fierce global competition.Have benefited from computer, microelectronics, information, from
The development and progress of dynamicization, new material and Modern Enterprise Administration technology, product design, processing and manufacturing, quality testing, production management
Major transformation is all there occurs with enterprise operation, a collection of new manufacturing technology and manufacturing mode is generated, manufacturing engineering takes with science
Obtained unprecedented development.
Rapid shaping technique is exactly to gradually form and be able to what is developed under this background.The development of rapid shaping technique,
So that product design, the cycle of manufacture are greatly shortened, product design, the one-time success rate of manufacture are improve, reduce product development
Cost, so as to bring the change of essence to manufacturing industry.Rapid shaping technique (RP) is that one kind is integrated with area of computer aided and sets
Meter and manufacturing technology, reverse Engineering Technology, Layered Manufacturing Technology (SFF), material Material removal (MPR), material increase shaping
(MAP) technology and the novel product manufacturing technology that produces.Generally, rapid shaping technique is exactly the data for utilizing three-dimensional CAD,
By rapidform machine, by material stacking from level to level into physical prototypes.In the case of market competition increasingly fierceness, product wound
New and listing speed and manufacturing technology flexibility necessarily becomes the core competitiveness of enterprise.Rapid shaping technique and virtual reality
Technology is together, all the important means and powerful of Digital Product Development, while also having become advanced manufacturing technology group
Indivisible part, is increasingly widely applied in manufacturing industry.Compared with traditional manufacture process, using laser
After rapid shaping and laser Rapid tooling, can by trial production and batch production mould preparation concurrent job,
Substantially shorten new product designs and trial-production cycle, and save product developing expense.
Using being more widely precinct laser fusion (as shown in Figure 1) wherein in rapid laser-shaping technique, constituency is swashed
Light fusing (SLM-Selective Laser Melting) is a kind of metalwork straight forming method, is rapid shaping technique
Latest development.Most basic thought of the technology based on rapid shaping, has with successively addition manner according to CAD data straight forming
The part of geometry in particular, metal dust is completely melt in forming process, produces metallurgical binding.Technological break-through tradition plus
Work method removes the concept of shaping, using the method forming part of added material, farthest reduces the waste of material；Into
Type process is hardly limited by part complexity, thus with very big flexibility, is particularly suitable for single and mini-batch production product
Manufacture.
The mechanisms such as current each company both at home and abroad, research institution, colleges and universities develop various for selective laser melting process
Former, although its former structure, profile etc. have difference, its operation principle is very much like (as shown in Figure 2).
Generally there is also some problems in these equipment for having produced.Problem 1：In forming process, due to laser sintering powder layer
A large amount of black smokes and metallic vapour plasma can be produced, the significantly decay of laser power is caused, the quality of profiled member is caused
It is bad, poor dimensional precision etc..Quality that is having or even directly affecting the thawing of individual layer powder is so that print procedure is difficult to continue
Carry out.
Problem 2：Even if protective gas can blow away black smoke and metallic vapour plasma not to affect enough in forming process
The power of laser, but because some equipment print sizes are than larger, in order to avoid entire surface stress mistake during general laser scanning
Greatly, diagonal scan or checkerboard type scanning can be selected, at this time the black smoke and bulky grain near gas outlet position will be dispelled
Fall in close inlet scoop surface of the work over there, so as to affect next layer of powdering and sintering quality.
In the face of this problem, the present invention devises one kind and is installed on selective melting former working bin gas outlet and air-breathing
The device of mouth, can cause protective gas to form stably strong laminar flow so as to individual layer sintering character is substantially improved, and lift profiled member
Precision and quality.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome the defect described in background technology, printing mechanism and shaping of the present invention from associated metal printer
Technique is set out and devises the device of one group of shielding gas air inlet for being arranged on forming bottom plate both sides and outlet.Invent the purpose of this device
It is that the air-flow that air inlet is produced during laser sintering powder in print procedure is difficult into a laser to produce with powder interaction
Raw black smoke and metallic vapour plasma (as shown in Figure 3) blows away, and prevents the power attenuation of laser larger, causes Pool
Irregular Forming Quality and formed precision so as to have a strong impact on profiled member.Or will be close to the powder sintered black smoke of air inlet
Blow to be scattered in and affect print job above the bisque of gas outlet.The specific device of the present invention is so that air-flow forms stabilized zone
Stream (as shown in Figure 4) simultaneously effectively blows away the black smoke produced during laser sintering powder and metallic vapour plasma, so as to be lifted
The utilization rate of the laser energy of about 10%-15%, and quantity of sintered parts and precision are effectively lifted, it is close to profiled member consistency
100%.
1st, a kind of device of the shielding gas turnover equipped in internal work storehouse for metal 3D printing, is characterized in that：The dress
Put and be made up of two parts, be respectively inlet duct and air-out apparatus；Two kinds of device parallel opposition in forming bin are placed on shaping
Base plate both sides；
Its inlet duct air-flow is divided into upper and lower two-layer, is separated by dividing plate between levels runner；Wherein lower floor's runner is close
The long 50mm in air inlet one end, it is horizontal forward；Near the long 100mm in gas outlet one end, in 5 degree of angles obliquely to outlet, upper strata runner
Without inclination, level is to exit；
Levels runner is spaced vertically to form cuboid passage by multiple plates, vertical clapboard end 5- at gas outlet
10mm is well mixed before going out from gas outlet so as to gas
Air-out apparatus are made up of 5 parallel up and down runners, and arc-shaped bend is designed as at the gas outlet of air-out apparatus.
2nd, further, the making material of the plate is stainless sheet steel, and thickness is 1mm.Inlet duct height 30mm, goes out
Device of air height 50mm, inlet duct and air-out apparatus width are equal with substrate width in corresponding printing device.
3rd, further, its inlet duct air-flow is divided into upper and lower two layer height and is respectively 20mm and 10mm.
4th, further, it is made up of multiple apertures at the gas outlet of its inlet duct, wherein upper stream road gas outlet bore dia
4mm, underflow road gas outlet bore dia 3mm.
5th, further, its inlet duct vertical clapboard end 10mm at gas outlet.
6th, further, 5 runners of its air-out apparatus are separated by dividing plate and be uniformly distributed in short transverse；Arc-shaped bend region with
The tangent connection in the vertical region of level, central angle is 90 degree.
7th, further, its inlet duct both sides is left screw and is fixed in working bin；Its air-out apparatus left side for ease of with
The bleed motor equipment of device external connects and designs spare interface, the air extractor shape of Interface Shape and size and relevant device
Shape is consistent.
8th, further, the putting position of its air inlet-outlet device is listed in molded substrate both sides, the lower-left of inlet duct for parallel
Angular distance molded substrate horizontal range and vertical distance are 10mm, the lower right corner of air-out apparatus apart from molded substrate level away from
From 10mm vertical distances 5mm.
The concrete feature of apparatus of the present invention is as follows.
1st, a kind of device for equipping the shielding gas turnover of internal work storehouse for metal 3D printing is made up of two parts, is respectively
Inlet duct and air-out apparatus.Two kinds of device parallel opposition in forming bin are placed on forming bottom plate both sides.A left side for inlet duct
Lower angular distance molded substrate horizontal range and vertical distance are 10mm, the level of the lower right corner of air-out apparatus apart from molded substrate
Apart from 10mm vertical distances 5mm.(as shown in Figure 7).The height of inlet duct is designed as 30mm, and the height of air-out apparatus is set to
50mm.The width of two kinds of devices is equal with the molded substrate width of actually used metallic print equipment.In actual print procedure, protect
Shield gas can blow black smoke and black particle toward the direction of inlet scoop, and due to the effect of gravity, part black particle may fall
Scanning area causes unnecessary impact.Air-out apparatus are slightly above inlet duct when therefore installing so that laminar flow has obliquely
Angle, fallen in the probability of scanning area with reducing black particle.
2nd, inlet duct and air-out apparatus its making materials are stainless sheet steel, and thickness is 1mm.Inlet duct air-flow point
20mm and 30mm is respectively into upper and lower two layer height, is separated by dividing plate between levels runner.Lower floor's runner is near air inlet one
Long 50mm is held, it is horizontal forward；Near the long 100mm in gas outlet one end, in 5 degree of angles obliquely to exporting, upper strata runner is without inclination, water
Put down to exit.Enter gas-bearing formation be divided into two-layer purpose be obtain be more suitable for blowing away the laminar flow of black smoke.5 degree of inclination angle meetings of lower floor's runner
Make the air-flow with the flowing of black impurity oblique top i.e. to the initial velocity of one oblique top of black impurity, then upper strata runner
Horizontal laminar flow directly can flow with black impurity toward the position of gas outlet again, and the cooperation of this kind of upper lower flow channel is avoided that printing is big
During breadth slice of data because of black particle Action of Gravity Field under the drawbacks of fall the slice of data other end, play preferably protection and make
With.
3rd, inlet duct levels runner is spaced vertically by multiple thin plates so that every layer of air-flow vertically separately flowing again.
And be made up of multiple apertures at the gas outlet of inlet duct, the purpose of aperture is the air-flow for preventing from coming from runner due to over long distances
Transport, each several part flow velocity is different, causes air inlet to be formed about turbulent flow, it is impossible to effectively to blow away black smoke.Wherein upper stream is said
Gas port bore dia 4mm, underflow road gas outlet is narrower and small, bore dia 3mm.
4th, air-out apparatus are made up of 5 runners, and multiple flow passages are also for preventing air turbulence.Arc is designed as at gas outlet
Shape bending bending arc radius are 35mm, its objective is in rocket motor can preferably transition, be relatively beneficial to the flowing of air-flow.
5th, inlet duct both sides are respectively kept with 2 screws, and two can be stayed in relevant position inside working bin during concrete installation
Screw coordinates with inlet duct to be installed, and air-out apparatus left side finally converges in a tetragonal convergence mouth, can be directly accessed and set
Standby air-breathing filter.
6th, the putting position of air inlet-outlet device is listed in molded substrate both sides for parallel, because inlet duct is apart from the water of base material
Gentle vertical distance far can be difficult very much completely to blow away the impurity such as black smoke, and the too near bisque easily blown away again on base material of distance is therefore
10mm is apart from molded substrate horizontal range and vertical distance according to the lower left corner that process experiences design inlet duct；And outlet
The positional distance base material of device horizontally and vertically can not timely and effectively siphon away what inlet duct band came if too far away
Black impurity, closely easily siphons away very much the powder on base material, and because inlet duct has tilting upward for 5 degree of angles, therefore according to work
Horizontal range 10mm vertical distance 5mm of the lower right corner of skill Experience Design air-out apparatus apart from molded substrate.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 precinct laser fusion equipment schematics (including：1st, PC ends 2, optical fiber laser 3, light beam isolator
4th, beam expanding lens 5, galvanometer 6, F- θ mirrors 7, gas outlet 8, scraper 9, recovery filtration system 10, recovery tank 11, moulding cylinder
12nd, for powder cylinder)
Fig. 2 precinct laser fusion equipment forming bin part-structure figures (including：13rd, scraper 14, forming bottom plate 15,
Air inlet 16, gas outlet)
Fig. 3 precinct laser fusion process schematics (including：17th, black smoke and metallic vapour plasma 18, laser
Beam 19, metallic particles)
Air current flow schematic diagram between Fig. 4 air inlets and outlet
Fig. 5 .A inlet ducts just grade side view (including：20th, screw is reserved)
Fig. 5 .B inlet duct top views
Fig. 5 .C inlet ducts lower floor duct inclining angle degree schematic diagram
The pictorial diagram of Fig. 5 .D inlet ducts shows
Fig. 6 .A air-out apparatus are just waiting side view
Fig. 6 .B air-out apparatus front views
Fig. 6 .C air-out apparatus top views
The pictorial diagram of Fig. 6 .D air-out apparatus shows
Fig. 7 air inlet-outlet devices place schematic diagram and slanted gas flow flow schematic diagram (including：21st, molded substrate 22,
Air-out apparatus 23, inlet duct)
Fig. 8 .A engine impellers and print substrate schematic diagram
Fig. 8 .B engine impellers bottom surface section schematic diagram
Specific embodiment
Make further details of general introduction, but embodiments of the present invention to the present invention with reference to specific embodiment and accompanying drawing
Not limited to this.
Specific embodiment：
The present embodiment is manufacture of the air inlet-outlet device in aluminium alloy engine impeller (Fig. 8 .A) in precinct laser fusion equipment
During application.It is known that Al alloy powder is light compared with other metal dusts, and poor fluidity powdering effect is bad, is also easy to produce
Airborne dust, therefore easily produce black smog above molten bath during precinct laser fusion, and Mars the phenomenon such as splashes.And such as
Shown in Fig. 8 .B, partial engine impeller size is larger, therefore the section breadth of bottom is larger.
When selecting general horizontal air inlet with air-out apparatus, because therefore air-flow does not form powerful and stable laminar flow
It is difficult to say that substantial amounts of black particle blows away in time with smog, now laser power will significantly decay, and cause the bottom powder can not
Penetration, and Pool is irregular.This not only affects the scanning of lower floor's powder to melt the entity that more can easily make to sinter later
Stress acts on and warping phenomenon occurs, and stops that scraper scrapes powder, ultimately results in the termination of print procedure.Even if some devices can be with
Black smog and particle are blown away in time, and does not affect the power of laser, but the impeller tangent plane as shown in Fig. 8 .B, its breadth
Excessive, although the black particle of burning is taken away laser powder interaction area by the air-flow of air inlet side, black particle is still
The opposite side of slice of data is fallen under because of Action of Gravity Field, so as to affect the sintering of lower floor's powder precision of powder laying and laser,
The internal performance of profiled member, severe patient is affected to stop can print procedure.And when selecting the air inlet-outlet device in the present invention, air inlet
The laminar flow that the stable air-flow of mouth two-layer is formed can easily take away the impurity such as the black smoke that laser powder interaction is produced, and lower floor's gas
Stream has the inclination angle of 5 degree of oblique top so that lower floor's laminar flow have initial velocity obliquely i.e. to black impurity one obliquely
Initial velocity, is taken away when running into the parallel laminar flow in upper strata by level.During installation, gas outlet is slightly above air inlet, the suction of gas outlet
The black impurity that air inlet brings can obliquely be siphoned away.The practicality of this device not only can improve the shaping essence of printout
Degree, and the unmanageable workpiece in part can be caused successfully to process.
The air inlet-outlet device of the present invention, in order to preferably assemble with printer, is all designed, for example air inlet device
Respectively there are two screws at two ends, and the interface that a quadrangle is left in the side of air-out apparatus can be filled directly with the air-breathing of equipment
Put connection.This kind of device is developed with reference to the equipment and technology and actual printing experience of metallic print, beats can metal
Print work is easier to make for, and is lifted and prints workpiece performance, and the form range of the metallic print part for expanding.In addition this device makes
Material is cheap and easily obtains, and preparation method is directly machined with stainless sheet steel, with make simply, processing cost it is low,
Practical the advantages of, it is adapted to a large amount of productions, with very big economic benefit.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of device of the shielding gas turnover equipped in internal work storehouse for metal 3D printing, is characterized in that：The device by
Two parts are constituted, and are respectively inlet duct and air-out apparatus；Two kinds of device parallel opposition in forming bin are placed on forming bottom plate
Both sides；
Its inlet duct air-flow is divided into upper and lower two-layer, is separated by dividing plate between levels runner；Wherein lower floor's runner is near air inlet
The long 50mm in mouth one end, it is horizontal forward；Near the long 100mm in gas outlet one end, in 5 degree angles obliquely to outlet, upper strata runner is without inclining
Tiltedly, level is to exit；
Levels runner is spaced vertically to form cuboid passage by multiple plates, vertical clapboard end 5-10mm at gas outlet
It is well mixed before going out from gas outlet so as to gas；
Air-out apparatus are made up of 5 parallel up and down runners, and arc-shaped bend is designed as at the gas outlet of air-out apparatus.
2. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that：The making material of the plate is stainless sheet steel, and thickness is
1mm.In inlet duct height 30mm, air-out apparatus height 50mm, inlet duct and air-out apparatus width and corresponding printing device
Substrate width is equal.
3. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that：Its inlet duct air-flow is divided into upper and lower two layer height and is respectively
20mm and 10mm.
4. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that：It is made up of multiple apertures at the gas outlet of its inlet duct, its
Runner air inlet aperture diameter 4mm, underflow road gas outlet bore dia 3mm at the middle and upper levels.
5. device according to claim 1, its inlet duct vertical clapboard end 10mm at gas outlet.
6. device according to claim 1,5 runners of its air-out apparatus are separated by dividing plate and be uniformly distributed in short transverse；
Arc-shaped bend region and the tangent connection in the vertical region of level, central angle is 90 degree.
7. device according to claim 1, its inlet duct both sides is left screw and is fixed in working bin；Its air-out apparatus
Spare interface is designed in left side for ease of the bleed motor equipment with device external is connected, Interface Shape and size and relevant device
Air extractor shape it is consistent.
8. device according to claim 1, the putting position of its air inlet-outlet device is listed in molded substrate both sides for parallel, enters
The lower left corner of device of air is 10mm, the lower right corner distance shaping of air-out apparatus apart from molded substrate horizontal range and vertical distance
Horizontal range 10mm vertical distance 5mm of base material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611173097.1A CN106623928B (en) | 2016-12-18 | 2016-12-18 | A kind of device of metal 3D printing equipment forming bin two sides protection gas disengaging |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611173097.1A CN106623928B (en) | 2016-12-18 | 2016-12-18 | A kind of device of metal 3D printing equipment forming bin two sides protection gas disengaging |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106623928A true CN106623928A (en) | 2017-05-10 |
| CN106623928B CN106623928B (en) | 2019-01-15 |
Family
ID=58822981
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| CN201611173097.1A Active CN106623928B (en) | 2016-12-18 | 2016-12-18 | A kind of device of metal 3D printing equipment forming bin two sides protection gas disengaging |
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