CN109648079A - A kind of atmosphere protection device applied to increasing material manufacturing - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention proposes a kind of atmosphere protection device applied to increasing material manufacturing, can carry out inert atmosphere protection for the problem that the region of current print job, overcomes atmosphere protection needs in existing increasing material manufacturing technique and is filled with inert gas shielding in larger space.The atmosphere protection device includes the local powder bed shield for being set up in powder cylinder top surface; the lower end surface of local powder bed shield is empty and as the contact surface with powder cylinder top surface; the inner wall of the local forward and backward side of powder bed shield is respectively arranged with Coanda cavity, and the air guide fine crack of Coanda cavity is located at local powder bed shield lower end surface；The outer edge of Coanda cavity and powder cylinder keeps spacing to reserve flue dust airflow channel；The top of the local forward and backward side of powder bed shield is provided with air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe, and through Coanda cavity and powdering regional connectivity, air inlet pipe constitutes circulation line for being passed through inert gas, and with escape pipe.

Description

A kind of atmosphere protection device applied to increasing material manufacturing

Technical field

The invention belongs to increases material manufacturing technology fields, are related to a kind of atmosphere protection device applied to increasing material manufacturing.

Background technique

Increasing material manufacturing (Additive manufacturing, AM), be otherwise known as " 3D printing ", is with digital CAD model Based on data, using the addition method manufacturing theory of similar mathematic integral, by the manufacture depression of order of 3D solid be two-dimensional section by The method of point successively tired manufacture, realizes the dimensionality reduction forming of 3 d part, is not limited by complex-shaped degree, can be realized and appoint Quick, high-quality, efficient, economic, the complete intelligent and Grazing conditionization manufacture of meaning complicated shape part.Increasing material manufacturing is advanced manufacture The important component of industry is the high end digital manufacturing technology developed rapidly in the late three decades, relative to traditional etc. Material manufacture (Δ M=0, casting, forging etc. in manufacturing process), subtracts material manufacture (Δ M < 0, turnning and milling dig abrasive drilling etc.), is a kind of " under On and " material addition forming manufacturing method, embody information network technique and advanced material technology, numerical DC speed technology It is intimately associated, realizes manufacture from waiting materials, subtracting material to the great change for increasing material, change conventionally manufactured theory and mould Formula.

Metal increasing material manufacturing is forefront and most potential increases material manufacturing technology, is the important development of advanced manufacturing technology Direction.In metal increases material manufacturing technology selective laser fusing (Selective Laser Melting, SLM) and laser near net at Shape technology (Laser Engineered Net Shaping, LENS), is developed rapidly in recent years.SLM technique is due to powder End can play the role of self-supporting, can shape arbitrarily complicated metal component, but shapable part size is smaller (general Less than 500mm).And LENS technique, spot diameter are big, it can be with molding large component, but the precision of drip molding is lower, and is difficult into The metal component of direct forming complexity.Technique Fused Deposition Modeling technology (Fused Deposition Modeling, FDM) is Development one of nonmetallic increases material manufacturing technology the most mature, maximum feature be it is at low cost, it is high-efficient, but precision compared with It is low, forming speed is relatively slow, be not suitable for building large scale complex parts.

Manufacture large scale metal component is that SLM technology is difficult the technical bottleneck broken through for a long time, this is because SLM successively adds up The process characteristic of powdering determines that the size of forming cylinder body has to the sectional dimension greater than formation of parts, no matter shapes great Part requires layer-by-layer powdering laser scanning forming.Wherein, bath temperature is high in SLM forming process, needs to be filled with indifferent gas Body protection, to prevent part in forming process to be oxidized, the size of formation of parts is bigger, and the space of gas shield is needed also to get over Greatly；Correspondingly, the consumption of inert gas is also larger.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the invention to overcome in existing increasing material manufacturing technique atmosphere protection need to be filled in larger space it is lazy Property gas shield the problem of, propose a kind of atmosphere protection device applied to increasing material manufacturing, can be directed to current print job area Domain carries out inert atmosphere protection.

Technical scheme is as follows:

This is applied to the atmosphere protection device of increasing material manufacturing, and the local powder bed including being set up in powder cylinder top surface protects Cover, the lower end surface of local powder bed shield are empty and as the contact surface with powder cylinder top surface, the part powder bed shields The inner wall of forward and backward side is respectively arranged with Coanda cavity, and the air inlet of Coanda cavity is accordingly set to local powder bed shield The top of forward and backward side, air guide fine crack are located at local powder bed shield lower end surface；Area between former and later two Coanda cavitys Domain is the powdering region in the local powder bed shield；The outer edge of Coanda cavity and powder cylinder keeps spacing to reserve flue dust Airflow channel；The top of the local forward and backward side of powder bed shield is provided with air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe, runs through Coanda cavity and powdering Regional connectivity, the air inlet pipe constitute circulation line for being passed through inert gas, and with escape pipe.

Powder cylinder can be annular, round, rectangular etc., as long as local powder bed shield is erected at its top surface, two sides are super Certain distance out, the outer edge for meeting Coanda cavity and powder cylinder keep spacing to reserve flue dust airflow channel.

Based on above scheme, the present invention has also further made following optimization:

The left and right side of the lower part of local powder bed shield is also equipped with the channel for flue dust to be discharged.

Further, the channel for flue dust to be discharged be specially be respectively arranged at local powder bed shield lower part it is left, The porous air inlet of right side, porous gas outlet, wherein porous air inlet is for being passed through inert gas, porous gas outlet is connected to pumping Device of air is to be discharged flue dust using negative pressure.

The upper surface of local powder bed shield has the light passing region corresponding to top laser printing light path system.

It is provided with air blowing inclined hole at the top of local powder bed shield, for being passed through inert gas.

The outer peripheral spacing of Coanda cavity and powder cylinder is 0.5cm-4cm.

The leading flank of local powder bed shield is also integrated with power spreading device, which includes surge bunker and scraper, Powder feeding pipeline is passed through surge bunker, and surge bunker lower end is provided with the meal outlet in guiding powder cylinder, and scraper is fixed on the lower part of surge bunker, The working face of scraper is concordant with lower end surface (being equivalent to powder cylinder upper surface) of local powder bed shield or slightly below part powder bed is anti- (" slightly below ", the powder bed for being equivalent to powdering formation are slightly below powder cylinder upper surface, can avoid part when " concordant " for the lower end surface of shield Powder is swept to outside powder cylinder by scraper).

Guiding movement mechanism can also be set, which is used to complete local powder bed according to technological order Local powder bed shield and powdering dress are driven at shield after the laser processing in corresponding part powdering and local powdering region It sets and runs according to scheduled trajectory synchronization to next local powdering region.

The invention has the following advantages:

1, local powder bed shield is set by corresponding to current print area, is passed through inert gas, form inert atmosphere Protection；And ingenious utilization Coanda effect: (it can be argon gas by being passed through gas into Coanda cavity, be also possible to sky Gas), gas generates suction function during the water conservancy diversion of Coanda surface, on the one hand by generation inside local powder bed shield Flue dust quickly siphons away, and on the other hand due to forming inertia " air curtain " under the action of Coanda deflector, the air of surrounding can not Into local powder bed shield, the atmosphere protection effect to forming process is also played.Therefore, additional setting large size is avoided Closed chamber saves Ar consumed by forming process to a certain extent, saves cost.

2, by the way that air blowing inclined hole, inert protective gas warp are arranged around local powder bed shield top glass light passing region During entering local powder bed shield by air blowing inclined hole, vortex can produce, prevent the flue dust generated in SLM forming process from existing Light passing deposition on glass (generates masking to laser)；Simultaneously as the air-flow formed through the air blowing inclined hole is not to face powder Bed surface, will not have an impact powdering process and powder bed.

3, by regulating and controlling the flow of the gas circulation on local powder bed shield top, lower part, forming process argon gas can be shortened The time of circulating purification reduces the dosage of protective gas.

4, synchronous powder feeding system, powdering are realized in powder feeding and power spreading device based on the local also mountable miniaturization of powder bed shield. After the completion of local powdering, shaped in time on local powder bed surface, powdering process does not need to recycle extra powder, Ke Yilian Continuous servo-actuated powdering breaches the structure design of traditional upper powder falling and lower powder feeding formula, and powdering process does not need to store a large amount of powder, But the structure of powder feeding and power spreading device can be greatly simplified, reduces operation power consumption, simultaneously by real-time external powder feeding It can also realize the recycling to powder.Metal powder required for SLM shapes endlessly is conveyed according to powdering dosage To local powdering region, on-demand weight feed.

5, the present invention is especially in the biggish part of increasing material manufacturing length-width ratio (including annular, strip, irregular curved etc. zero Part) when have significant advantage.

6, the present invention can be applied not only to SLM technique, could be applicable to other and is related to the increasing material manufacturing technique of atmosphere protection.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the operation schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present of invention.

Fig. 2 is that laser printing shapes the capital equipment rough schematic view being related to.

Fig. 3 is the part section detail based on Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of Coanda cavity cross-section.

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that the present invention applies Coanda cavity.

Fig. 6 is a kind of Multi-energy field (FDM, SLM and milling process) the system architecture equipment signal designed based on the present invention Figure.

Fig. 7 is the Y-direction side view of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is the top view of Fig. 6.

Drawing reference numeral explanation:

1- rotary table；The direction 2-X horizontal guide rail system (lead screw guide rails translation stage)；The direction 3-Y horizontal guide rail system； The direction 4-Z riser guide system；5- laser printing light path system；6-FDM print system；7- milling subtracts material system of processing；8- innings Portion's powder bed shield；9, powdering and dust feeder；10- powder cylinder；11- molded part；12- powder；

101- the first side wall；102- second sidewall；

501- galvanometer；502-f- θ field lens；503-QBH connector and collimator and extender module；

801- light passing glass；802- is located at the porous air inlet of lower part；803- is located at the porous gas outlet of lower part；804- Air inlet pipe in top；The superposed escape pipe of 805-；806- air blowing inclined hole；807- Coanda cavity；8071- Coanda chamber Body air guide fine crack；

901- powder feeding pipeline；902- surge bunker；903- scraper.

Specific embodiment

As shown in Figure 1, local powder bed shield is set up in powder cylinder top surface, the lower end surface of local powder bed shield is sky And as the contact surface with powder cylinder top surface.Powder cylinder is made of the first side wall and second sidewall, global shape and size root It is determined according to the resemblance of required processing part, the largest cross-sectional sized (the of the size of powder cylinder slightly larger than the part of required forming One side wall and second sidewall and forming board constituent part shaped region as bottom surface).

By taking laser printing shapes as an example, as shown in Figure 2,3, in order to make laser printing forming process be in inert atmosphere always Environment is protected, local powder bed shield is fixedly installed below laser printing light path system.Setting above local powder bed shield There is glass light hole, quartz glass is installed on glass light hole, quartz glass can guarantee the smooth light passing of the laser of 1064nm, It is fully sealed between quartz glass and local powder bed shield.

As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 5, Coanda cavity is respectively set in the forward and backward side inner wall of local powder bed shield, from upper Portion is passed through the air guide surface that the gas (not illustrating air inlet in figure) of Coanda cavity is pressurized along Coanda cavity bottom, along Powder cylinder the first side wall and second sidewall surface form air curtain, prevent the air in ambient enviroment from entering local powder bed shield In, oxidation is generated to the high temperature powder of SLM forming；Simultaneously because Coanda effect guides the cigarette generated in local powder bed shield Dirt is quickly discharged.It should be noted that Coanda cavity shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 5 is only to illustrate (to be intended to simplify and express its work original Reason), actual product can make corresponding matching according to the size in local powder bed shield and powder cylinder section.

The top of the local forward and backward side of powder bed shield is provided with air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe, runs through Coanda cavity and powdering Regional connectivity, air inlet pipe constitute circulation line for being passed through inert gas, and with escape pipe.

Since inert gas (generalling use argon gas) density is higher than air, the air in local powder bed shield is compressed to Part is discharged in the air extractor of local powder bed shield bottom, two sides of a part via local powder bed shield radially Outside powder bed shield, another part is since the suction function of Coanda effect is to two sides Coanda cavity bottom Coanda air guide Surface flow is discharged to the outside of local powder bed shield.By adjusting the inert gas entered via air blowing inclined hole, via office Portion's powder bed shield top air inlet pipe and escape pipe circulation inert gas, via local powder bed shield lower part air inlet and go out The inert gas and be passed through the intracorporal gas flow of Coanda chamber and pressure that port recycles are realized in local powder bed shield The air pressure balance in portion and lower oxygen content, the environment of stable inert gas shielding is provided for SLM forming process, prevents from shaping Powder is oxidized in the process.

In fact, powder cylinder can be annular, round, rectangular etc., as long as local powder bed shield is erected at its top surface, Two sides exceed certain distance, and the outer edge for meeting Coanda cavity and powder cylinder keeps spacing to reserve flue dust airflow channel.

Local powder bed shield along the two sides of powder cylinder radial direction close to bottom be respectively arranged with porous air inlet, it is porous go out Port (also may make up circulation gas circuit), it is also possible to exclude the flue dust produced in SLM forming process in time, while guarantee local powder Pressure and air balance inside bed shield.

Glass light hole surrounding offers air blowing inclined hole, and air blowing inclined hole is located on the ring flange of fixed light passing glass, flange Disk is fixed on local powder bed shield positioning, and guarantees to seal.Argon gas enters office via the air blowing inclined hole of glass light hole surrounding In portion's powder bed shield, inert ambient environment is formed in local powder bed shield, prevents powder in laser SLM forming process from existing It is aoxidized under high temperature.The inclination angle of air blowing inclined hole is preferred with 5-25 °, on the one hand, inert protective gas enters part via air blowing inclined hole During powder bed shield, vortex can produce, prevent the flue dust generated in SLM forming process from depositing on glass light hole, It prevents from generating bridging effect to laser；On the other hand, use inclination angle for 5-25 ° of air blowing inclined hole, it can be to avoid air-flow face powder Is brought to powdering process and powder bed by adverse effect for bed surface.

The power spreading device embodied in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 has made Miniaturization Design (can be described as local power spreading device), is installed on part The front side of powder bed shield, at this point, local atmosphere protection is equivalent to and follows powdering, laser printing synchronous marching.Local powdering dress Setting main includes surge bunker and the scraper for being installed on surge bunker bottom, and scraper can be flexible scraper or hard scraper.Scraper is located at Between powder cylinder the first side wall and second sidewall, lower end surface (the first side wall and the second sidewall of local powder bed shield can be slightly below It there are certain gap, prevents from scratching).Scraper can be replaced in the process of running.Local power spreading device can pass through powder feeding pipes It is connected with dust feeder, powder required for dust feeder will shape endlessly is transported to local powdering according to powdering dosage In device, on-demand weight feed, also avoids local power spreading device and drives a large amount of powder the problem of changing conventional powder mass storage Movement and power consumption caused by the movement of end；Laser printing light path system drives local powder bed anti-during horizontal guide rail system motion Shield and local power spreading device movement, cooperate the operation of rotatable workbench, local power spreading device may be implemented in powder cylinder surfaces Powdering, the cross section profile pattern phase one of the motion profile and powder cylinder of local power spreading device are carried out by powder cylinder cross section profile course bearing (local power spreading device is during the motion always between the first side wall and second sidewall in powder cylinder upper surface) is caused, will not be produced Raw extra powder overflows outside powder cylinder, simultaneously as local power spreading device is along powder cylinder surfaces continuously according to powder cylinder cross section profile Track movement, saves the process that traditional SLM powdering process needs to recycle excessive powder, simplifies structure.

Below by way of a best applications example (dynamic powder cylinder), invention is further described in detail.

Specific work process of the invention are as follows:

1) firstly, the threedimensional model for the large scale ring-shaped work pieces processed required for designing, carries out data processing, packet is generated The SLM forming technology file for including slice, support, scan path, technological parameter, scanning strategy etc., by technical papers data, equipment The information such as parameter, material parameter are imported into technical process numerical simulation software, and it is imitative to carry out numerical value to entire shaping process Very, deformation and stress buckling deformation in forming process etc. is obtained as a result, preventing stress deformation, heat transfer auxiliary branch by addition Support and support construction optimization, generate the reversible deformation prediction model of SLM forming process, give birth to again to the reversible deformation prediction model of acquisition At SLM forming technology file；Meanwhile according to the interface profile shape of required molding large part, the three-dimensional of dynamic powder cylinder is designed Model generates the FDM forming technology file including slice, support, scan path, technological parameter, scanning strategy etc.；After optimizing SLM forming technology file and FDM forming technology file data imported into ready-to-print in SLM Forming Equipments simultaneously.

2) forming board is mounted on rotatable workbench and is leveled, guarantee surfacing, flatness error is less than 20 μm. Initial dynamic powder cylinder the first side wall and second sidewall are printed using FDM technique, install local powder bed shield and powdering dress It sets, adjusts the position between scraper and powder cylinder, and carry out sealing；Gold required for being shaped SLM by synchronous powder feeding system device Belong to powder to be endlessly transported in local power spreading device according to powdering dosage, on-demand weight feed；Power spreading device is according to institute The cross-section profile shape of the dynamic powder cylinder for the heavy parts that need to be processed, according to dynamic powder cylinder cross section profile track in dynamic powder cylinder Local powdering (powdering in local powder bed shield region) is carried out between one side wall and second sidewall；Then power spreading device and part Powder bed shield stop motion, the starting of laser printing light path system scans track according to the technical papers imported in advance, technique is joined The powder on several pairs of powder bed surfaces carries out selective melting；The powder of entire forming process scanning area is in inert gas shielding ring In border, localised protection gas device air pressure inside balance and lower oxygen content are kept.Covering below local powder bed shield After the completion of sector scanning, local powder bed shield and power spreading device continue to carry out movement paving according to dynamic powder cylinder cross section profile track Powder spreads what a region i.e. scanning and printing, then moves again, powdering, scanning and printing, repetitive operation, until complete one layer of dynamic After the completion of powder cylinder sector scanning, power spreading device and local powder bed shield entirety move up a powdering thickness along guide post Distance.

3) after first layer forming, milling subtracts material system of processing and finishes to the part side after SLM forming, while right The first side wall of the dynamic powder cylinder of FDM forming and second sidewall upper surface carry out Milling Process, so that surfacing, guarantees second Secondary powdering can smoothly uniformly；Then start print second layer powder cylinder, repeat step 2) relevant operation, until one-piece parts at Shape is completed.

4) after entire part forming, gas-circulating system is closed, starts powder circulation recovery system, by dynamic powder cylinder In extra powder cleared up automatically, sieve powder, circulation, part is cut down using wire cutting from substrate finally, is completed The process of entire part.

In laser scanning print procedure, the adjustable technology of big small light spot can be used, large spot scanning preheating, small light may be implemented Spot focuses forming, it is also possible to which large spot filling scanning, small light spot profile scan improve the efficiency and precision of SLM forming；By big Small light spot is used cooperatively, and realizes real-time online preheating-scanning-heat treatment to drip molding；By regulation different scanning region, no With the scanning process parameter and scanning strategy of bisque, the residual stress and stress deformation in forming process can be greatly reduced.

The forming of dynamic powder cylinder can there are many implementations, are printed as below with FDM technology printing dynamic powder cylinder+SLM For shape part, configurable relevant hardware devices are introduced.As shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, architecture includes revolution work Platform, X-direction horizontal guide rail system (lead screw guide rails translation stage), Y-direction horizontal guide rail system, Z-direction riser guide system, laser Printing light path system, FDM print system, milling subtract material system of processing.

Rotary table is mounted on lead screw guide rails translation stage, and rotary table can be along lead screw guide rails translation stage or so (X Direction) it is mobile, its own any angle can also be rotated within the scope of 360 °.

Lead screw guide rails translation stage two sides are equipped with riser guide system (Z-direction), and more sets are equipped in riser guide system Horizontal guide rail system (Y-direction), more set FDM print systems are equipped in the horizontal guide rail system of Y-direction and milling subtracts material processing System and more set laser printing light path systems.

More set horizontal guide rail systems drives mostly set FDM print systems and milling subtract material system of processing and more set laser are beaten Printing light path system can integrally move up and down along riser guide system.

X-direction horizontal guide rail system, more set Z-direction riser guide systems, cover are respectively mounted more in Y-direction horizontal guide rail system There is precision linear encoder, provide closed loop feedback for movement, guarantees the positioning accuracy and repetitive positioning accuracy of its operation.

FDM print system is corresponding with required formation of parts with beating for being printed in forming process on rotatable workbench With dynamic powder cylinder.Milling subtracts material system of processing for the dynamic powder cylinder the first side wall and second sidewall to FDM print system The Milling Process of upper surface guarantees that dynamic powder cylinder surfaces are flat and smooth, and convenient for scraper powdering in SLM forming process, milling subtracts material Include tool magazine in system of processing, the milling cutter that lock needs can be replaced according to different process requirements；Milling subtracts material system of processing The laser printing light path system SLM piece surface shaped can also be finished, improve surface quality；Milling subtracts material processing system System and FDM print system are mounted in same set of horizontal guide rail system, and milling subtracts material system of processing and is mounted on FDM print system Rear position, convenient for carrying out Milling Process to dynamic powder cylinder upper surface in time after FDM printing.

FDM print system and milling subtract material system of processing can move up and down along riser guide system, to print With the distance for adjusting remaining dynamic powder cylinder upper surface during milling dynamic powder cylinder, guarantee printing precision and cutting precision；FDM is beaten Print system and milling subtract material and are mounted in horizontal guide rail system, can install more sets, dynamic to improve printing dynamic powder cylinder and milling The efficiency of state powder cylinder.The milling cutter direction of rotation that settable milling subtracts material system of processing is outside along dynamic powder cylinder surfaces, so that processing The cutting generated in the process can be timely discharges, the forming process without influencing SLM.

Be equipped in horizontal guide rail system cover laser printing light path systems, as shown in figure 3, laser printing light path system by QBH connector, collimator and extender module, galvanometer, f- θ field lens/dynamic focusing microscope group by optical fiber with laser at being connected, laser is beaten Printing light path system is for realizing SLM forming process to the track scanning on powder bed surface；Laser printing light path system can be along level (Y-direction) operation before and after guide track system, is equipped with precision linear encoder in horizontal guide rail system, guarantees laser printing light path system The positioning accuracy and repetitive positioning accuracy of movement；Laser printing light path system integral sealing prevents in optical system shield The flue dust and metal powder metal produced in forming process causes adverse effect to the transmission of laser into laser light path system.

In part SLM forming process, by the FDM print system installed in horizontal guide rail system (Y-direction) and rotatable The movement of workbench, FDM print system print on rotatable workbench according to the section of outline shape of required processing part The first side wall and second sidewall of dynamic powder cylinder；Milling subtracts material system of processing will be on the first side wall and second sidewall of dynamic powder cylinder Surface Milling Process is smooth, it is ensured that powdering plane and dynamic powder cylinder upper surface are in the same plane；Local power spreading device is along dynamic Synchronous powder feeding system device is sent into the metal powder of local power spreading device along parts profile via powder feeding pipe by the movement of state powder cylinder upper surface Track is taped against in the cavity between dynamic powder cylinder the first side wall and second sidewall；After local power spreading device completes powder, stop fortune Dynamic, laser printing light path system is started to work, and by controlling technological parameter, the scanning strategy of laser beam flying, is added according to required The fusion of metal powder of dynamic powder cylinder surfaces is frozen into the section shape of required formation of parts by the section of outline shape of work part Shape；Entire forming process carries out under the protection of inert gas；After complete one layer of end of scan, FDM print system, milling subtract material System of processing, laser printing light path system integrally move up the distance (20-100 μm) of a powdering thickness along guide upright post, Thickness is determined according to model section data；Dynamic powder cylinder the first side wall and second side of the FDM print system in previous Milling Process Section of outline shape printing dynamic powder cylinder the first side wall and second sidewall according to required processing part are continued in wall upper surface；So Afterwards successively according to Milling Process, local powdering, the order formation of parts that laser printing shapes, iterative cycles produce final institute The part needed；Powder recovering device (explosion-proof vacuum cleaner siphons away unfused powder) is installed, for collecting around powder cylinder Powder extra in annular powder cylinder, powder recovering device can recycle powder automatically, sieve powder, be recycled into and send after forming Powder device realizes the recycling of powder.

The settable multiple observation windows in the side of local powder bed shield, in order to observe SLM forming process in real time.Part Mountable camera on powder bed shield carries out intellectual monitoring to real-time powdering process by camera, can by data analysis With multiple powdering；By monitoring the fluctuation situation of light path system electric current and voltage, the reality to laser power stability may be implemented When monitor；Sensor and temperature sensor are monitored by pressure sensor, flow sensor, water oxygen content, to forming process Parameter carries out intellectual monitoring；Real time on-line monitoring is carried out using the temperature field to forming process molten bath such as thermal infrared imager；Using App or wechat small routine remotely monitor, and intelligent fault analysis prompt does not need someone and stares at pipe at the scene at the moment；By to forming The online real-time acquisition of all data of process is excavated and is analyzed, to guarantee long-time part forming quality and subsequent technique optimization Big data sample is provided to support.

Water cooling, current vortex heating device, electromagnetic system, ultrasonic system etc. can be set around dynamic powder cylinder, are changed to Heat and Mass Transfer Characteristics, melt flow characteristics, temperature field, the cooling velocity in shape process molten bath change the Solidification Characteristics of tissue, realize Crystal grain refinement, by technical study, by adjusting technological parameter and external access means, for tissue needed for drip molding customization and Mechanical property.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of atmosphere protection device applied to increasing material manufacturing, it is characterised in that: the office including being set up in powder cylinder top surface Portion's powder bed shield, the lower end surface of local powder bed shield are empty and as the contact surface with powder cylinder top surface, the parts The inner wall of the forward and backward side of powder bed shield is respectively arranged with Coanda cavity, and the air inlet of Coanda cavity is accordingly set to part The top of the forward and backward side of powder bed shield, air guide fine crack are located at local powder bed shield lower end surface；Former and later two Coanda chambers Region between body is the powdering region in the local powder bed shield；The outer edge of Coanda cavity and powder cylinder keeps spacing To reserve flue dust airflow channel；The top of the local forward and backward side of powder bed shield is provided with air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe, runs through Coanda Cavity and powdering regional connectivity, the air inlet pipe constitute circulation line for being passed through inert gas, and with escape pipe.

2. the atmosphere protection device according to claim 1 applied to increasing material manufacturing, it is characterised in that: local powder bed protection The left and right side of the lower part of cover is provided with the channel for flue dust to be discharged.

3. the atmosphere protection device according to claim 2 applied to increasing material manufacturing, it is characterised in that: described for being discharged The channel of flue dust is specially respectively arranged at the porous air inlet of local powder bed shield lower part left and right side, porous gas outlet, Wherein porous air inlet is connected to air extractor for being passed through inert gas, porous gas outlet to which flue dust be discharged using negative pressure.

4. the atmosphere protection device according to claim 1 applied to increasing material manufacturing, it is characterised in that: the part powder bed The upper surface of shield has the light passing region corresponding to top laser printing light path system.

5. the atmosphere protection device according to claim 1 or 4 applied to increasing material manufacturing, it is characterised in that: the part It is provided with air blowing inclined hole at the top of powder bed shield, for being passed through inert gas.

6. the atmosphere protection device according to claim 1 applied to increasing material manufacturing, it is characterised in that: Coanda cavity with The outer peripheral spacing of powder cylinder is 0.5cm-4cm.

7. the atmosphere protection device according to claim 1 applied to increasing material manufacturing, it is characterised in that: the part powder bed The leading flank of shield is also integrated with power spreading device, which includes surge bunker and scraper, and powder feeding pipeline is passed through buffering Storehouse, surge bunker lower end are provided with the meal outlet in guiding powder cylinder, and scraper is fixed on the lower part of surge bunker, the working face of scraper and office The lower end surface of portion's powder bed shield is concordant or is slightly below the lower end surface of local powder bed shield.

8. the atmosphere protection device according to claim 7 applied to increasing material manufacturing, it is characterised in that: further include guiding fortune Motivation structure, the guiding movement mechanism are used to complete corresponding local powdering at local powder bed shield according to technological order And local powder bed shield and power spreading device is driven to transport after the laser processing in local powdering region according to scheduled trajectory synchronization It goes to next local powdering region.