CN106435367A - Bainite steel rail and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Bainite steel rail and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106435367A CN106435367A CN201611036574.XA CN201611036574A CN106435367A CN 106435367 A CN106435367 A CN 106435367A CN 201611036574 A CN201611036574 A CN 201611036574A CN 106435367 A CN106435367 A CN 106435367A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/04—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rails
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/001—Austenite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/002—Bainite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of steel rail materials and discloses a bainite steel rail and a preparation method thereof. On the basis of the weight of the bainite steel rail, the content of a bainite ferrite strip in a microscopic structure of a fillet part on a rail head of the bainite steel rail is more than or equal to 90wt% and the width of the bainite ferrite strip is 0.3-0.8 mu m; the content of a film-shaped retained austenite is less than or equal to 5wt% and the width of the film-shaped retained austenite is less than 0.1 mu m; the content of martensite is less than or equal to 5wt%; the chemical components of the billet steel of the acquired bainite steel rail meet the following conditions: on the basis of the weight of the bainite steel rail, the billet steel contains 0.20-0.30wt% of C, 1.40-1.60wt% of Si, 1.85-2.05wt% of Mn, 1.00-1.25wt% of Cr, 0.30-0.50wt% of Mo and 0.07-0.09wt% of V, wherein Mn+Cr is more than or equal to 3.1wt% but less than or equal to 3.3wt%. The bainite steel rail has excellent toughness performance and service safety.
Description
Technical field
A kind of the present invention relates to rail material, in particular it relates to bainite rail and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The axle weight of railway and the continuous lifting of freight volume, propose requirements at the higher level to the military service performance of rail, annual traffic is more than 2
Hundred million tons of heavy haul railway particularly small curve radius section has become the severely afflicated area of rail defects and failures, and rail service life is usually not more than
Spend 3 years, part line condition harshness section even less than a year, it is difficult to adjacent straightway and sweeping curve section
Join, the frequent replacing of rail is not only significantly increased the labour intensity of maintenance of way cost and workman, hurt fast development simultaneously is to row
Car also brings hidden trouble safely.The rail of conventional pearlitic material after the development of more than 100 years, performance close to the limit, if
The combination property improving rail further then needs bainite structure to realize.
The correlative study being applied to the bainitic steel in rail field at present is more deep, and such as CN105385938A announces
The heat treatment method of a kind of alloy system and its bainite rail and bainite rail, employ following chemical composition (matter
Amount percentage)：0.22%-0.27%C, 1.65%-1.85%Si, 1.60%-1.80%Mn, 1.30%-1.90%Cr,
0.25%-0.85%Mo, 0.25%-0.95%Ni, 0.04%-0.06%V or 0.02%-0.04%Nb, balance of Fe and not
Evitable impurity.Meanwhile, clear stipulaties have been also carried out to the impurity element in steel and elemental gas content：P≤0.015%, S
≤ 0.015%, strand [H]≤1.5ppm, [O]≤25ppm, [N]≤70ppm, Al≤0.006%, Cu≤0.15%, Sn≤
0.010%th, Sb≤0.010%.Rail is processed using normalizing+adjustment after rolling：During the insulation of normalizing temperature 900-940 DEG C austenitizing
Between come out of the stove after ＞ 8h and be air cooled to room temperature；After the scope inside holding 7h of Ac3+50～70 DEG C, direct water-cooling is quenched to martensitic traoformation
Between above 320-350 DEG C of temperature；Then at 320-350 DEG C, rail stacking is put into isothermal holding in holding pit, temperature retention time
＞ 5h；Finally, continue to be air cooled to room temperature after 320-370 DEG C of scope inside holding ＞ 9h carries out temper, and then obtain finished product
Rail.Excellent tough combination property is had using the rail that the method produces.Research shows, although this production method is to rail
Performance beneficial, but such as Ni, V, Nb content of the alloying element in steel is higher, leads to the production cost of rail to be significantly increased；Meanwhile,
Employ water hardening in subsequent processing steps, because rail particularly rail head position top layer and center portion cooling rate are different, will lead
Cause deflection of rail, residual stress is significantly increased, even if preferable stress also cannot be obtained by follow-up isothermal and temper referring to
Mark；Further, since using a normalizing, primary quenching, isothermal processes and a temper, the production cycle of rail shows
Write and extend and Energy Consumption Cost increase.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of bainite rail and preparation method thereof.This bainite rail has excellent strong
The labour security of tough performance kimonos is it is adaptable to big axle weight, high density heavy haul railway small curve radius section and line condition complexity road
Section.
To achieve these goals, the present invention provides a kind of bainite rail, and wherein, the weight with this bainite rail is
Benchmark, the content of the bainite ferrite slip in the microscopic structure at fillet position on the rail head of this bainite rail is more than or equal to
The width of 90 weight % and described bainite ferrite slip is 0.3-0.8 μm, and the content of film-form retained austenite is less than etc.
In 5 weight % and the width of described film-form retained austenite is less than 0.1 μm, the content of martensite is less than or equal to 5 weight %,
The chemical composition obtaining the steel billet of described bainite rail needs to meet following condition：Weight with described steel billet is
Benchmark, described steel billet contains the C of 0.20-0.30 weight %, the Mn of the Si of 1.40-1.60 weight %, 1.85-2.05 weight %,
The Mo of the Cr of 1.00%-1.25 weight %, 0.30%-0.50 weight %, the V of 0.07%-0.09 weight %, and meet 3.1 weights
Amount %≤Mn+Cr≤3.3 weight %.
The present inventor finds under study for action, and what impact rail military service was safe mainly comprises following factor：One is shellfish
The content of retained austenite in family name's body rail microscopic structure and the content of martensitic structure；Retained austenite is sub- at room temperature
Steady phase, will change to more stable martensitic structure under applied stress or temperature action, and martensitic structure belongs to fragility group
Knit, under wheel track multiaxial stress repeated action, easy crack initiation, is easily caused rail after crackle extends further to critical length
Brittle failure, jeopardizes traffic safety.Therefore, reduce the content of martensitic structure in rail to avoiding rail brittle failure to have notable benefit.So
And, the rail being air cooled to room temperature after rolling will inevitably obtain martensitic structure.Therefore, if being reduced to room in rail temperature
Carry out isothermal processes before temperature, make originally to form the region acquisition as much as possible bainite structure of martensite, then can effectively solving
The content problem of martensitic structure.Meanwhile, the retained austenite being formed in steel also should be passed through with the adjustment of composition and technique,
Make it obtain film-form as far as possible and be the higher metastable phase of rich carbon degree, now to martensitic structure under additional stress
The probability changing and ability will be greatly reduced；By the Collaborative Control of retained austenite and martensitic structure, steel can be effectively improved
The service safety of rail.Two is the residual stress of rail.Research shows, rail through after rolling and aligning, rail head and flange of rail position
Distribution tension, web of the rail position are compression, when rail residual stress is larger, because web of the rail thickness is little, belongs to rail and entirely break
The more weak position in face, is also easy to produce piped rail, serious crisis traffic safety under rail head, flange of rail stress.Although steel
Rail bainite rail has higher fracture toughness and relatively low crack growth rate, but there is no evidence to show, it can at present
Offset the illeffects of larger residual stress.Therefore, the residual stress reducing rail is that bainite rail needs asking of emphasis solution
Topic.The present invention passes through the Collaborative Control of bainite ferrite slip, film-form retained austenite and martensitic structure, not only can
Obtain the bainite rail with excellent toughness and tenacity, also can reach the effect reducing residual stress.
Present invention also offers the preparation method of above-mentioned bainite rail, the method includes：By the steel billet after isothermal holding
Carry out rolling waste heat rail, treat that the central temperature that the tread center of waste heat rail is cooled to rail head tread in atmosphere is
After 350-370 DEG C, it is tempered 4-8h at gained waste heat rail is placed in 375-405 DEG C, is then cooled to room temperature in atmosphere.
The bainite rail that the present invention provides has excellent toughness and tenacity, and, compared to roller repairing to room temperature
Rail, the rail flange of rail center residual stress using isothermal processes can at least reduce by 10%, the bainitic steel that is, present invention provides
Rail also has excellent service safety.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in subsequent specific embodiment part.
Brief description
Accompanying drawing is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitutes the part of specification, with following tool
Body embodiment is used for explaining the present invention together, but is not construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is that on the rail head of the bainite rail of embodiments of the invention 1, fillet position is observed under transmission electron microscope and obtained
A visual field micro-structure diagram.
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.It should be appreciated that it is described herein concrete
Embodiment is merely to illustrate and explains the present invention, is not limited to the present invention.
Herein the end points of disclosed scope and any value are not limited to this accurate scope or value, these scopes or
Value should be understood to comprise the value close to these scopes or value.For number range, between the endpoint value of each scope, respectively
Between the endpoint value of individual scope and single point value, and can be obtained one or more between single point value with combination with one another
New number range, these number ranges should be considered herein specifically to disclose.
According to the first aspect of the invention, the invention provides a kind of bainite rail, wherein, with this bainite rail
On the basis of weight, the content of the bainite ferrite slip in the microscopic structure at fillet position on the rail head of this bainite rail is big
In equal to 90 weight % and described bainite ferrite slip width be 0.3-0.8 μm, the content of film-form retained austenite
Less than or equal to 5 weight % and the width of described film-form retained austenite is less than 0.1 μm, the content of martensite is less than or equal to 5 weights
Amount %,
The chemical composition obtaining the steel billet of described bainite rail needs to meet following condition：Weight with described steel billet is
Benchmark, described steel billet contains the C of 0.20-0.30 weight %, the Mn of the Si of 1.40-1.60 weight %, 1.85-2.05 weight %,
The Mo of the Cr of 1.00%-1.25 weight %, 0.30%-0.50 weight %, the V of 0.07%-0.09 weight %, and meet 3.1 weights
Amount %≤Mn+Cr≤3.3 weight %.
In order that the film-form retained austenite in bainite rail and martensitic structure preferably play synergy and make
Obtain bainite rail and there is more excellent toughness and tenacity and service safety, under preferable case, with the weight of this bainite rail
On the basis of, the content of described bainite ferrite slip is 91-95 weight %, and the content of film-form retained austenite is 2-5 weight
Amount %, the content of martensite is 2-5 weight %.
Chemical composition in order to obtain the steel billet materials of above-mentioned bainite rail needs to meet following condition, with described steel billet
Weight on the basis of, described steel billet contains the C of 0.20-0.30 weight %, the Si of 1.40-1.60 weight %, 1.85-2.05 weight
The Mn of amount %, the Mo of the Cr of 1.00%-1.25 weight %, 0.30%-0.50 weight %, the V of 0.07%-0.09 weight %, remaining
Measure as Fe and inevitable impurity, and meet 3.1 weight %≤Mn+Cr≤3.3 weight %.
Under preferable case, described steel billet also includes P and S, and on the basis of the weight of described steel billet, the content of described P is
0.010-0.016 weight %, the content of described S is 0.001-0.005 weight %.
The reason content of steel billet main chemical elements of the present invention is limited to above range is below described.
Carbon (C) is that bainitic steel obtains good obdurability coupling and the most important element of comprehensive mechanical property.When containing of carbon
Amount less than 0.20 weight % when it is impossible to give full play to invigoration effect, lead to rail strong hardness too low it is impossible to meet fully loaded transportation condition
Under military service performance；When carbon content be less than 0.30 weight % when, under the method for the invention, the intensity index of steel too high and
Toughness plasticity is too low, is unfavorable for the safety in utilization of rail.Therefore, the content of carbon is defined to 0.20-0.30 weight % by the present invention.
Silicon (Si) is generally present in ferrite with solution as the main adding elements in steel, it is possible to increase tissue
Intensity.When the content of silicon is less than 1.40 weight %, for bainitic steel, one side solid solution capacity is low to lead to strengthening effect to be failed to understand
Aobvious, on the other hand will be unable to effectively suppress Carbide Precipitation, obtain film-form retained austenite tissue, and then cannot be obtained this
The bright bainitic steel with particular organization is it is impossible to realize the purpose of the present invention；When the content of silicon is higher than 1.60 weight %, will
Fully suppress the precipitation of carbide, instead more retained austenite occurs, be also easy to produce surface defect it is impossible to guarantee to arrange simultaneously
The ride comfort that car runs.Therefore, the content of silicon is defined to 1.40-1.60 weight % by the present invention.
Manganese (Mn) can significantly reduce bainite structure and start transition temperature, is the bainite obtaining refinement in bainitic steel
The important addition element of ferrite slip.When the content of manganese is less than 1.85 weight %, the positive role of bainitic steel is difficult to
Reach；When the content of manganese is higher than 2.05 weight %, by martensitic structure under the segregation of increase rail and room temperature condition not
Profit, the fatigue behaviour of rail and service safety can significantly reduce.Therefore, the content of manganese is defined to 1.85- by the present invention
2.05 weight %.
Chromium (Cr), as the formation element of medium carbide, can form multiple carbide with the carbon in steel；Meanwhile, chromium can be all
The distribution of carbide in even steel, reduces carbide size, thus improving the abrasion resistance properties of rail.When the content of chromium is less than 1.00
During weight %, the carbide hardness of formation and ratio are relatively low, and are assembled with sheet form, are unfavorable for improving the mar proof of rail
Can reduce with toughness；When the content of chromium is higher than 1.25 weight %, in steel, ratio of martensite will significantly improve, the military service of rail
Security is difficult to ensure.Therefore, the content of chromium is defined to 1.00-1.25 weight % by the present invention.
Molybdenum (Mo) has for the beginning transition temperature reducing hot rolling and air cooling condition lower bainite tissue extremely significantly imitates
Really, and be conducive to stable and strengthen bainite structure.When the content of molybdenum is less than 0.30 weight % it is difficult to reach above-mentioned effect
Really；When the content of molybdenum is higher than 0.50 weight %, bainite structure changes efficiency and will significantly reduce it is impossible to obtain in cooling procedure
Obtain preferable bainite structure.Therefore, the content of molybdenum is defined to 0.30-0.50 weight % by the present invention.
Vanadium (V) is added in steel as grain refining element and can refine bainite ferrite slip further, synchronous improves
The strong hardness of rail and toughness plasticity index.When the content of vanadium is less than 0.07 weight %, grain refining effect is not notable, rail
Tough combination property is relatively low；When the content of vanadium is higher than 0.09 weight %, the impact flexibility of rail will be deteriorated, be unfavorable for that rail obtains
The contact resistance fatigue behaviour of get Geng Gao.Therefore, the content of vanadium is defined to 0.07-0.09 weight %.
The military service performance more excellent for guaranteeing bainite rail acquisition of the present invention, the inventors found that acquisition
The percentage by weight of the Mn+Cr in the steel billet of described bainite rail need to meet 3.1 weight %≤Mn+Cr≤3.3 weight %.Former
Because being, Mn and Cr play the role of in bainitic steel similar, under the conditions of air cooling after rolling, when Mn+Cr ＜ 3.1 weight %, steel
Middle bainite ferrite slip ratio is greatly reduced less than 90 weight %, the toughness plasticity index of rail；When Mn+Cr ＞ 3.3 weight
During amount %, one side rail much higher hard, on the other hand will lead to rail local macrosegregation it is difficult to guarantee bainite in rail
Tissue and the uniformity of performance.Therefore, the percentage by weight of Mn+Cr is defined to 3.1 weight %≤Mn+Cr≤3.3 by the present invention
Weight %.
The above-mentioned bainite rail with particular organization that the present invention provides has good obdurability and excellent safety
Military service.
According to the second aspect of the invention, present invention also offers the preparation method of above-mentioned bainite rail, the method bag
Include：Steel billet after isothermal holding is carried out rolling waste heat rail, treats that the tread center of waste heat rail is cooled in atmosphere
After the central temperature of rail head tread is 350-370 DEG C, at gained waste heat rail is placed in 375-405 DEG C, it is tempered 4-8h, Ran Hou
In the air is cooled to room temperature.
The method according to the invention, on the basis of the weight of described steel billet, described steel billet contains 0.20-0.30 weight %
The Mn of the Si of C, 1.40-1.60 weight %, 1.85-2.05 weight %, the Cr of 1.00%-1.25 weight %, 0.30%-0.50 weight
Mo, the V of 0.07%-0.09 weight % of amount %, and meet 3.1 weight %≤Mn+Cr≤3.3 weight %.
The method according to the invention, the steel billet of above-mentioned composition can be obtained by the conventional method of this area, for example, will contain
The molten steel of above-mentioned chemical composition continuous casting after converter or electric furnace smelting, the refining of LF stove, RH or VD application of vacuum is had to be certain section
Then this continuous casting billet is delivered to heating and thermal insulation in walking beam furnace by the continuous casting billet of size, and billet rolling is required section
Waste heat rail.
The method according to the invention, described heat-retaining condition, so that heating steel billet to be defined to the temperature being suitable to roll, for example will
Heating steel billet to 1200-1300 DEG C and is incubated more than 3h, under preferable case, heating steel billet to 1200-1300 DEG C and is incubated 3-
5h.
Method according to the invention it is possible to the steel billet after described isothermal holding be rolled using pass method or omnipotent method
Obtain waste heat rail.To the condition of described rolling, there is no particular limitation, under preferable case, above-mentioned billet rolling is become the substance to be
The section steel rail of 43-75kg/m.
The method according to the invention, after the rolling, described waste heat rail is placed in the air cooling, when waste heat rail
Tread center is cooled to the central temperature of rail head tread in atmosphere for, after 350-370 DEG C, gained waste heat rail being placed in 375-
It is tempered 4-8h at 405 DEG C.
When the temperature of the tempering of gained waste heat rail is higher than 405 DEG C, rail temperature is close to Transition of Brittleness area temperature, now steel
Cooling rate in tempering furnace for the rail is far below in the air, leads to the temperature time of staying more than 405 DEG C for the rail long, rail
Intensity and impact flexibility will be greatly reduced.Microscopic structure inspection also confirms that, originally should retain to the piece strip bainite of room temperature
Now polygonization trend in ferrite；If the temperature of gained waste heat rail is less than 375 DEG C, rail is in temper
After when continuing cool to room temperature, form content ＞ 5 weight % of martensitic structure；Meanwhile, the toughness plasticity index of rail is lifted not
Significantly, it is unfavorable for the bainite rail of excellent.
When tempering time is less than 4h, the rail head position temper of rail is insufficient, the military service performance-sensitive of rail；When
Tempering time is higher than 8h, and in steel, Carbide Precipitation completes, and tempering process purpose reaches, continues to extend process time no significantly
Benefit.
After temper, rail taking-up is cooled down in atmosphere and obtains finished product bainite rail.
Therefore, the method according to the invention, when the central temperature of the rail head tread of waste heat rail is down to 350-370 DEG C,
Rail is placed in 375-405 DEG C of tempering 4-8h.
In order that the bainite rail of preparation obtains more excellent obdurability and military service security performance, under preferable case, will
Gained waste heat rail is tempered 5-7 hour at 385-392 DEG C.
The present invention preferably by double steel stand, waste heat rail is stood on stand in atmosphere in the roller-way of continuous operation cold
But.
The method according to the invention, the device of described tempering various can play tempering using commonly used in the art
The device of effect, such as tempering furnace.
In the present invention, temperature is recorded using infrared radiation thermometer.
Hereinafter will be described the present invention by embodiment.
The chemical composition containing in steel billet used in embodiments of the invention A1-A6 and comparative example D1-D3 and content
As shown in table 1 below, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity.
Table 1
Embodiment 1-6
Embodiment 1-6 is used for the preparation method of the bainite rail of present invention offer is described.
Respectively by the A1-A6 steel billet in table 1 through converter smelting, the refining of LF stove, be cast into after RH application of vacuum and necessarily break
After the continuous casting billet of face size, deliver to and in walking beam furnace, be heated to 1250 DEG C, be incubated 4h, billet rolling is disconnected for 60kg/m
Face rail, gained waste heat rail is stood on and stands air cooling after roller-way in atmosphere, when the tread central temperature fall of waste heat rail
To table 2 when rolling rear air cooling final temperature, rapidly rail is placed in tempering furnace tempering, temperature and time are shown in Table 2, after
Taking-up continues to be air cooled to room temperature.
Comparative example 1-3
According to the method for embodiment 1, comparative example 1-3 in the steel billet except for the difference that adopting such as table 1, the temperature in preparation process
Degree controls referring to table 2.
Table 2
Test case
According to following methods, performance detection is carried out to rail A1-A6 and D1-D3 of embodiment 1-6 and the preparation of comparative example 1-3,
Specifically：
By GB/T228.1-2010《Metal material tensile testing at ambient temperature》Measure the tensile property of rail, record
Rp0.2 (yield strength), Rm(tensile strength), A% (percentage elongation), Z% (contraction percentage of area) are as shown in table 3；
Measure rail at the impact property of rail, the normal temperature (25 DEG C) of mensure and 0 DEG C by GB/T-229/2007 method
Aku (ballistic work) is referring to table 3；
Measure the flange of rail center residual stress of rail by TB/T-2344/2012 method, measurement result is shown in Table 3；
By GB/T 13298-1991《The metal microstructure method of inspection》Using TECNAL G 2-20 transmissioning electric mirror determining
The microscopic structure of rail A1, result is referring to Fig. 1；
Measure the content of bainite ferrite slip and martensite according to GB/T 13298-1991 method, using XRD diffraction
Method measures the content of film-form retained austenite；And the width of bainite ferrite slip and film-form retained austenite leads to
Cross and adopt transmission electron microscope, choose at least 200 visual fields, measure its width mean value, measurement result is shown in Table 3.
Table 1 shows to the result of table 3, is more than using the content that the method for the present invention can obtain bainite ferrite slip
Equal to 90 weight % and slip width significantly refine, the bayesian all less than 5% for the content of retained austenite and martensite simultaneously
Body fine structure, the present invention provide bainite rail obtain high intensity while, toughness plasticity index particularly impact flexibility
Apparently higher than the corresponding technical indicator in comparative example；Meanwhile, the flange of rail center residual stress of bainite rail is significantly lower than right
Corresponding technical indicator in ratio, it is therefore seen that, the present invention provide bainite rail have more excellent military service performance and
Security performance.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention described in detail above, but, the present invention is not limited in above-mentioned embodiment
Detail, in the range of the technology design of the present invention, multiple simple variant can be carried out to technical scheme, this
A little simple variant belong to protection scope of the present invention.
It is further to note that each particular technique feature described in above-mentioned specific embodiment, in not lance
In the case of shield, can be combined by any suitable means.In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention to various can
The combination of energy no longer separately illustrates.
Additionally, can also be combined between the various different embodiment of the present invention, as long as it is without prejudice to this
The thought of invention, it equally should be considered as content disclosed in this invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of bainite rail is it is characterised in that on the basis of the weight of this bainite rail, the rail head of this bainite rail
The content of the bainite ferrite slip in the microscopic structure at upper fillet position is more than or equal to 90 weight % and described bainite iron
The width of ferritic slip is 0.3-0.8 μm, and the content of film-form retained austenite is less than or equal to 5 weight % and described film-form is residual
The width of remaining austenite is less than 0.1 μm, and the content of martensite is less than or equal to 5 weight %,
The chemical composition obtaining the steel billet of described bainite rail needs to meet following condition：With the weight of described steel billet as base
Standard, described steel billet contains the C of 0.20-0.30 weight %, the Mn of the Si of 1.40-1.60 weight %, 1.85-2.05 weight %,
The Mo of the Cr of 1.00%-1.25 weight %, 0.30%-0.50 weight %, the V of 0.07%-0.09 weight %, and meet 3.1 weights
Amount %≤Mn+Cr≤3.3 weight %.
2. bainite rail according to claim 1, wherein, on the basis of the weight of described bainite rail, described shellfish
The content of family name's body ferrite slip is 91-95 weight %, and the content of described film-form retained austenite is 2-5 weight %, described
The content of martensite is 2-5 weight %.
3. the preparation method of the bainite rail described in a kind of claim 1 or 2, the method includes：After isothermal holding
Steel billet carries out rolling waste heat rail, treats that the tread center of waste heat rail is cooled to the central temperature of rail head tread in atmosphere
After 350-370 DEG C, it is tempered 4-8h at gained waste heat rail is placed in 375-405 DEG C, is then cooled to room temperature in atmosphere.
4. method according to claim 3, wherein, is tempered 5-7h at gained waste heat rail is placed in 385-392 DEG C.
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