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CN107779758A - Novel low-cost and high-cost-performance bainite steel rail and production method thereof - Google Patents

Novel low-cost and high-cost-performance bainite steel rail and production method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107779758A
CN107779758A CN201610728925.7A CN201610728925A CN107779758A CN 107779758 A CN107779758 A CN 107779758A CN 201610728925 A CN201610728925 A CN 201610728925A CN 107779758 A CN107779758 A CN 107779758A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
rail
steel rail
bainite
steel
cost
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Pending
Application number
CN201610728925.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈昕
金纪勇
杨玉
刘宏
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Angang Steel Co Ltd
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Angang Steel Co Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Angang Steel Co Ltd filed Critical Angang Steel Co Ltd
Priority to CN201610728925.7A priority Critical patent/CN107779758A/en
Publication of CN107779758A publication Critical patent/CN107779758A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/04Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rails
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/12Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/002Bainite

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a novel bainite steel rail with low cost and high cost performance and a production method thereof, wherein the steel rail comprises the following components in percentage by weight: [C] the method comprises the following steps 0.18% -0.26%; [ Si ]: 1.30% -1.70%; [ Mn ]: 1.80% -2.20%; [ Cr ]: 0.30% -0.70%; [ Mo ]: 0.20% -0.45%; [ P ] is less than or equal to 0.020%; [ S ] is less than or equal to 0.010 percent; [H] the method comprises the following steps Less than or equal to 0.00010 percent; the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities; the production method comprises the following steps of smelting, continuous casting, casting blank heating, hot rolling and heat treatment: after hot rolling, the steel rail is air-cooled to 700 +/-50 ℃ or 600 +/-50 ℃, then is cooled to 300 +/-50 ℃ at the cooling speed of 0.5-4 ℃/s, and then is air-cooled to room temperature. The mechanical property of the steel rail produced by the method reaches or exceeds the level of a hot rolled steel rail; the steel rail can be used for producing 100 meters long bainite steel rails on the existing steel rail production line.

Description

A kind of novel low-cost high performance-price ratio bainite rail and its production method
Technical field
The invention belongs to the rail and heat treatment method of metal material field, more particularly to a kind of bainite structure.
Background technology
From the seventies in last century so far, the exploitation of bainite rail has had the history of nearly 50 years.Bainite rail due to Its excellent application performance and be described as the rail of 21st century.So far, the application of bainite rail is still very limited , cost performance that this is largely determined by bainite rail is relatively low, production technology can not also meet large-scale industrial production will Ask.
Presently disclosed bainite rail chemical composition ranges are wide, and difficulty is brought to rail control of product quality.Research Show:After rail hot rolling under conditions of continuous air cooling, bainite structure is typically by the high, medium and low temperature transmutation product structure of austenite Into when the chemical composition ranges of steel are excessively wide in range, bigger change will occur for above-mentioned high, medium and low temperature organizational composition ratio and yardstick Change, therefore can cause properties of product that larger fluctuation occurs, be unfavorable for the stabilization of product quality, be less useful for the control of welding quality System.
The rail through burning optimization on line can be applied each after existing Rail Production technology is generally hot rolled or hot rolling On class rail track, this production procedure efficiency high, it is adapted to requirement that is extensive, producing in enormous quantities.But bainite rail produces Technics comparing is complicated, must could be applied after lonneal is handled after hot rolling or heat treatment, and tempering at present can only use offline Handle and batch tempering time is more than 4 hours, be not suitable for the needs of large-scale production, it is also extra to not only increase process cost Add the costs such as transport.
Invention《Improved non-carbide bainitic steel and its production method》Bayesian disclosed in (application number 96192013.0) The chemical composition of body steel includes C0.05-0.50%, Si and/or Al 1.00-3.00%, Mn0.50-2.50%, Cr0.25- 2.50%, Ni0-3.00%, S0-0.025%, W0-1.00%, Mo0-1.00%, Cu0-3%, Ti0-0.10%, V0- 0.50%, and B0-0.005%, Fe be remaining and adjoint impurity.Specific technological parameter is not proposed.
Invention《Bainitic steel rail with high resistance to surface fatigue damage and high-wearing feature》(application number 99800029.9) chemical composition for disclosing bainite rail is carbon 0.15%-0.45%, silicon 0.1%-2.00%, manganese 0.20%-3.00%, chromium 0.20%-3.00%, the element selected along with one or more from following elements group:Molybdenum 0.01%-1.00%, copper 0.05%-0.50%, nickel 0.05%-4.00%, titanium 0.01%-0.05%, vanadium 0.01%- 0.30%, niobium 0.005%-0.05%, boron 0.0001%-0.0050%, magnesium 0.0010%-0.0100%, calcium 0.0010%- 0.015%.The invention is also without the specific technological parameter of proposition.
Invention《The tough weldable air-cooled great health bainitic steel of the special superelevation of railroad frog》(application number 98124899.3) is open The chemical composition (Wt%) of bainite rail be C0.10-0.6, Si≤2.65, Mn0.50-3.20, Cr0.20-2.80, Ni≤ 3.50, Mo≤2.00, remainder is Fe, and the following elements (Wt%) of one or two or more kinds are added on its basic ingredient: Nb≤0.20, V≤0.20, Ti≤0.20, Re≤0.10, B≤0.008." production technology is 850 DEG C~1000 DEG C austenitizings Air cooling afterwards ,≤650 tempering are become a useful person.Temper is needed after the patent hot rolling and air cooling.Complex manufacturing, it is difficult to ensure rail quality Stability.
And chemical composition ranges are wide in range in above three patent application, bainite rail chemical composition ranges are wide, give Rail control of product quality brings very big difficulty.After rail hot rolling under conditions of continuous air cooling, bainite structure is typically by Austria The high, medium and low temperature transmutation product of family name's body is formed, when the chemical composition ranges of steel are excessively wide in range, above-mentioned high, medium and low temperature tissue structure Larger change will occur for proportional and yardstick, therefore can cause properties of product that larger fluctuation occurs, and be unfavorable for product quality It is stable, it is less useful for the control of welding quality.
The content of the invention
A kind of novel low-cost high performance-price ratio bainite is provided it is an object of the invention to overcome above mentioned problem and deficiency Rail and its production method, design composition within the scope of bainite rail after burning optimization on line obdurability be superior to hot rolling shellfish Family name's body rail, without follow-up temper, it is possible to applied on railway.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
Within the scope of the chemical composition ranges of steel are limited in reasonably:Add alloying element and realize tunneling boring bainite group The purpose knitted, but alloy total amount is unsuitable too high, it is too high, increase cost and increase the tendency that excessive martensite is separated out in steel With the tendency of element segregation, steel toughness plasticity deteriorates or performance inconsistency is serious, and alloy total amount is too low, can not obtain tunneling boring and be The bainite rail of bainite structure.Therefore alloying element scope proposed by the present invention is more accurate.Within the scope of design composition Bainite rail obdurability after burning optimization on line is superior to hot rolled bainite steel rail, without follow-up temper, it is possible to Applied on railway.
A kind of novel low-cost high performance-price ratio bainite rail, the composition of the rail are as follows by weight percentage:[C]: 0.18%-0.26%;[Si]:1.30%-1.70%;[Mn]:1.80%-2.20%;[Cr]:0.30%-0.70%;[Mo]: 0.20%-0.45%, [P]≤0.020%, [S]≤0.010%, [H]:≤ 0.00010%;Remaining is Fe and inevitable miscellaneous Matter.
The composition design reason of the present invention is as follows:
Carbon is maximally effective intensified element, thus it is acceptable in engineering under the premise of, its content is higher, and cost is lower, Therefore it should try one's best and improve its content, but no more than 0.26%, martensite proportion is too high in steel if more than 0.26%, The toughness plasticity of steel can be affected;Its content not preferably less than 0.18% simultaneously, otherwise needs to increase containing for other alloying elements Measure to strengthen steel matrix, cost of alloy is too high, and steel grade does not have competitiveness, and carbon content realizes in the range of 0.18-0.26% The matched well of obdurability.
Silicon generally as reinforced ferrite element add steel in, in this steel, it primarily serve suppress ε-carbide or The effect that cementite separates out, the temperature that converted the austenite to due to the segregation of carbon of non-carbide precipitate is less than room temperature, with remnants The form of austenite remains.Typical bainite was divided into upper bainite and lower bainite in the past, wherein containing in difference The cementite that position separates out, cementite can cause the toughness plasticity of steel to significantly reduce, therefore low-carbon bainite steel answering in engineering With seldom, only ULCB is applied.With the addition of element silicon, the cementite in bainitic steel, which separates out, to be pressed down System, the non-carbide bainitic steel toughness plasticity that continuous coo1ing obtains significantly improve.Silicone content is less than 1.30%, then can not realize suppression The purpose that cementite processed separates out, silicone content is higher than 1.70%, and remained austenite content increases in steel and carbon content is too low, residual austenite The stability of body reduces, and the toughness plasticity of steel equally reduces.
Manganese element is than more typical cheap, displaced type solution strengthening element, and in this steel, it is strong to have primarily served phase transformation The effect of change, therefore in order to reduce the cost of alloy of steel, addition is bigger.Addition is less than 1.80%, then needs to increase it The content of his expensive alloying elements, therefore be both economical higher than 1.80%, but addition should not also be higher than 2.20%, add The trend for entering the too high then element segregation of amount increases, and obvious reduce will occur for another aspect structure property especially toughness plasticity.
Needed to reduce the trend of segregation by the control of Mn contents below 2.20%, the portion of quenching degree deficiency Divide and usually made up by adding Cr members.
Cr is the quenching degree element for significantly improving steel, and appropriate Cr is added in steel, can also improve ferrite electrode potential, is promoted The surface of steel is formed the oxide-film of densification, improve its corrosion resistance.Cr contents are less than 0.3%, and hardness deficiency, Cr contain after heat treatment Amount is higher than 0.7%, and excessive martensitic structure can be formed while increasing cost of alloy, therefore, present invention control Cr contents In the range of 0.3%~0.7%.
Molybdenum element is the typical element for postponing perlitic transformation, separates bainite and perlitic transformation C curve, so as to Steel is prone to bainite transformation, be the alloy for making rail tunneling boring to obtain bainite structure under the conditions of hot rolling and air cooling Element.0.20% is should be higher than that to reach above-mentioned purpose Mo contents, but it is sufficient that below 0.45%.
A kind of production method of novel low-cost high performance-price ratio bainite rail, including smelting-continuous casting-heating strand- Hot rolling-heat treatment, the heat treatment to be air-cooled to 700 DEG C ± 50 DEG C or 600 DEG C ± 50 DEG C after rail hot rolling, afterwards with 0.5-4 DEG C/s cooling rate is as cold as 300 DEG C ± 50 DEG C, is then air-cooled to room temperature.
700 DEG C ± 60 DEG C or 600 DEG C ± 60 DEG C are air-cooled to after rail hot rolling, rail hot rolling and air cooling has been able to suppress first The precipitation of eutectoid ferrite, as long as therefore start more than transition temperature (Bs) in bainite, according to environment temperature (environment temperature≤ 0 DEG C is air-cooled to 600 DEG C ± 60 DEG C, environment temperature>0 DEG C is air-cooled to 700 DEG C ± 60 DEG C) will start fast cooling temperature control compared with Within the scope of narrow, you can to reach the purpose of limitation cooling velocity fluctuation.
Cooled down with 0.5-4 DEG C/s cooling velocity, be that cooling rate is excessively slow, meeting in structure of steel because when cooling rate is less than 0.5 DEG C/s There is more medium temperature block type transformation, this structure stability is poor, and cooling rate is higher than 4 DEG C/s, martensite proportion meeting in steel Increase sharply, the fracture mechanical property of steel can be caused to deteriorate, therefore, cooling velocity is preferably controlled between 0.5-4 DEG C/s.
Accelerate cooling final cooling temperature control at 300 DEG C ± 40 DEG C, exactly in order that accelerating cooling to terminate in bainite transformation In the range of temperature (Bs-Bf), 300 DEG C ± 40 DEG C can further make acceleration cooling termination temperature fall narrow scope it Interior, not starting to bainite transformation also higher than 340 DEG C, either transformation amount is seldom or medium temperature bainite proportion is higher, unfavorable In the toughness for improving steel, less than 260 DEG C, bainite cryo tissue, even martensite transfor mation proportion are too high, the disruptive force of steel Penalty is learned, to terminating to accelerate the temperature range of cooling to be any limitation as, that is, the formation for avoiding high temperature transformation tissue is also reduced The formation of low-temperature transformation tissue.So accelerate cooling final cooling temperature control at 300 DEG C ± 40 DEG C.
Above-mentioned process technology scheme by technological specification be limited in it is one narrower and rational within the scope of so that starting Cool down and more they tended to the structural state for terminating cooling consistent, to obtain uniformly tiny bainite structure, guarantee rail quality is steady It is fixed.The uniformity of tissue morphology is then influenceed beyond the scope.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:Mechanical property using the rail of above-mentioned technical proposal production has reached or exceeded The level of hot rolled rail, the complete rail of the technical scheme can be implemented on existing Rail Production line, can produce 100 meters Long bainite rail.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
The embodiment of the present invention according to the component proportion of technical scheme, refine-continuous casting-heating strand-hot rolling-heat at Reason.The composition of rail of the embodiment of the present invention is shown in Table 1.The main heat treatment parameter of rail of the embodiment of the present invention is shown in Table 2.It is of the invention real The mechanical property for applying a rail is shown in Table 3.
The composition (wt, %) of the rail of the embodiment of the present invention of table 1
The main heat treatment parameter of the inventive embodiments rail of table 2
The mechanical property of the rail of the embodiment of the present invention of table 3

Claims (2)

1. a kind of novel low-cost high performance-price ratio bainite rail, it is characterised in that the composition of the rail is by weight percentage It is as follows:[C]:0.18%-0.26%;[Si]:1.30%-1.70%;[Mn]:1.80%-2.20%;[Cr]:0.30%- 0.70%;[Mo]:0.20%-0.45%;[P]≤0.020%;[S]≤0.010%;[H]:≤ 0.00010%;Remaining is Fe With inevitable impurity.
2. a kind of production method of the novel low-cost high performance-price ratio bainite rail described in claim 1, including refining-company Casting-heating strand-hot rolling-heat treatment, it is characterised in that:The heat treatment is air-cooled to 700 DEG C ± 50 later for rail hot rolling DEG C or 600 DEG C ± 50 DEG C, be as cold as 300 DEG C ± 50 DEG C with 0.5-4 DEG C/s cooling rate afterwards, be then air-cooled to room temperature.
CN201610728925.7A 2016-08-26 2016-08-26 Novel low-cost and high-cost-performance bainite steel rail and production method thereof Pending CN107779758A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110607488A (en) * 2019-09-02 2019-12-24 鞍钢股份有限公司 Online heat treatment steel rail for high-speed railway and manufacturing method thereof
CN114015945A (en) * 2021-11-09 2022-02-08 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 Bainite steel rail with uniform hardness gradient and production method thereof
CN114015944A (en) * 2021-11-09 2022-02-08 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 Bainite steel rail with low rail top surface hardness fluctuation and production method thereof
CN117327985A (en) * 2023-10-24 2024-01-02 包头钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 B, ti microalloyed hot rolled bainite steel rail and manufacturing method thereof

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09296254A (en) * 1996-05-08 1997-11-18 Nkk Corp High strength bainitic steel rail excellent in flaking damage resistance and its production
CN101921971A (en) * 2010-09-08 2010-12-22 北京特冶工贸有限责任公司 Bainite steel and bainite steel rail used for curve and heavy load steel rail, and production method thereof
CN102534403A (en) * 2010-12-17 2012-07-04 鞍钢股份有限公司 Bainite heat-treated steel rail and heat treatment method thereof
CN103160736A (en) * 2011-12-14 2013-06-19 鞍钢股份有限公司 High-strength bainite steel rail and heat treatment process thereof

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09296254A (en) * 1996-05-08 1997-11-18 Nkk Corp High strength bainitic steel rail excellent in flaking damage resistance and its production
CN101921971A (en) * 2010-09-08 2010-12-22 北京特冶工贸有限责任公司 Bainite steel and bainite steel rail used for curve and heavy load steel rail, and production method thereof
CN102534403A (en) * 2010-12-17 2012-07-04 鞍钢股份有限公司 Bainite heat-treated steel rail and heat treatment method thereof
CN103160736A (en) * 2011-12-14 2013-06-19 鞍钢股份有限公司 High-strength bainite steel rail and heat treatment process thereof

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110607488A (en) * 2019-09-02 2019-12-24 鞍钢股份有限公司 Online heat treatment steel rail for high-speed railway and manufacturing method thereof
CN114015945A (en) * 2021-11-09 2022-02-08 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 Bainite steel rail with uniform hardness gradient and production method thereof
CN114015944A (en) * 2021-11-09 2022-02-08 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 Bainite steel rail with low rail top surface hardness fluctuation and production method thereof
CN117327985A (en) * 2023-10-24 2024-01-02 包头钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 B, ti microalloyed hot rolled bainite steel rail and manufacturing method thereof

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