CN106416307A

CN106416307A - Information transmission method, network device and terminal device

Info

Publication number: CN106416307A
Application number: CN201580030522.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 行双双; 张舜卿
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2015-04-29
Filing date: 2015-04-29
Publication date: 2017-02-15
Anticipated expiration: 2035-04-29
Also published as: WO2016172875A1; CN106416307B

Abstract

Disclosed are an information transmission method, a network device and a terminal device. The method is applied to a communication system comprising at least one group of terminal devices, wherein the at least one group of terminal devices multiplex the same time frequency resource. The method comprises: a network device generating a sparse extended matrix, wherein the sparse extended matrix is used for indicating the mapping relationship between a time frequency resource and a data stream; according to the sparse extended matrix, performing sparse coding on the data stream subjected to channel coding; and sending the data stream subjected to sparse coding and information about the sparse extended matrix to the at least one group of terminal devices. In the embodiments of the invention, a multimedia broadcast multicast service is combined with a non-orthogonal access technique, sparse coding is performed according to a sparse extended matrix, and a receiving end can decode a data stream subjected to sparse coding according to the sparse extended matrix. Therefore, the sharing of a frequency spectrum resource in a non-orthogonal manner in a multimedia broadcast multicast service is realized, and the frequency spectrum utilization rate is improved.

Description

Information transmission method, network equipment and terminal equipment

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a method for transmitting information, a network device, and a terminal device.

Background

With the rapid development of the internet and the popularization of multifunctional user equipment, a large number of mobile data multimedia services have emerged. The mobile data multimedia services have the characteristics of large data volume, long duration, insensitive time delay and the like compared with the data services in the same class. In order to effectively utilize mobile network resources, a Long Term Evolution (LET) system employs a Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS) technology. The base station groups the users, establishes point-to-multipoint connection with a plurality of users of each group, realizes resource sharing and improves the utilization rate of resources.

In the LTE system, multiple users share network resources in an orthogonal manner, that is, one system Resource Element (RE) can only be allocated to one user (or virtual user) at most. For 5G systems, the increase of data services far exceeds the speed of spectrum spreading, so the original orthogonal resource occupation mode consumes limited spectrum resources.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the invention provides a method for transmitting information, network equipment and terminal equipment, which can share frequency spectrum resources in a non-orthogonal mode under a multimedia broadcast multicast service and improve the frequency spectrum utilization rate.

In a first aspect, a method for transmitting information is provided, where the method is applied to a communication system including at least one group of terminal devices, where the at least one group of terminal devices reuse a same time-frequency resource, and the method includes: the network equipment generates a sparse extension matrix which is used for indicating the mapping relation between the time-frequency resource and the data stream of the at least one group of terminal equipment needing channel decoding; according to the sparse extension matrix, carrying out sparse coding on the data stream subjected to channel coding; and sending the data stream subjected to sparse coding to the at least one group of terminal equipment and sending the information of the sparse spreading matrix to the at least one group of terminal equipment.

With reference to the first aspect, in a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the sparse spreading matrix includes group identification information in one-to-one correspondence with the at least one group of terminal devices, and at least one non-zero element in a row element or a column element of the sparse spreading matrix, which corresponds to a data stream that the at least one group of terminal devices needs to perform channel decoding, is the group identification information.

With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the sparsely encoding the channel-encoded data stream according to the sparse spreading matrix includes: modulating the data stream after channel coding to obtain a modulation symbol; mapping the modulation symbols to a multivariate galois field; carrying out spread coding on the modulation symbol according to the sparse spreading matrix to obtain a spread symbol; carrying out constellation point mapping on the effective symbols in the extension symbols to obtain corresponding code words; and superposing and mapping the corresponding code words to the resource units.

With reference to the second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the order of the multivariate galois field is a modulation order and a maximum value of non-zero elements in the sparse spreading matrix.

With reference to the second or third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the performing spreading coding on the modulation symbol according to the sparse spreading matrix to obtain a spread symbol includes: and according to the sparse spreading matrix, performing product operation on the modulation symbol and a spreading sequence corresponding to the data stream subjected to channel coding in the sparse spreading matrix to obtain the spreading symbol.

With reference to the first aspect or any one possible implementation manner of the first to fourth possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, information of the sparse spreading matrix is carried in multicast control information and sent.

With reference to the first aspect or any one possible implementation manner of the first to fifth possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a sixth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the method further includes: and updating the sparse expansion matrix according to the service requirement updated by the at least one group of terminal equipment.

With reference to any one possible implementation manner of the first to sixth possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, before the generating, by the network device, a sparse spreading matrix, the method further includes: receiving a service request sent by each terminal device in the at least one group of terminal devices; and generating the group of identification information according to the service request.

With reference to the first aspect or any one possible implementation manner of the first to the seventh possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in an eighth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, each group of terminal devices in the at least one group includes at least one terminal device, and data received by the terminal devices in each group through broadcasting or multicasting is the same.

In a second aspect, a method for transmitting information is provided, where the method is applied to a communication system including at least one group of terminal devices, and the at least one group of terminal devices reuse the same time-frequency resource, and the method includes: a first terminal device of the at least one group of terminal devices receives a sparse extension matrix generated by a network device and a data stream obtained by carrying out sparse coding on a data stream subjected to channel coding according to the sparse extension matrix, wherein the sparse extension matrix is used for indicating a mapping relation between the time-frequency resource and the data stream which needs to be subjected to channel coding by the at least one group of terminal devices; and decoding the data stream subjected to sparse coding according to the sparse extension matrix.

With reference to the second aspect, in a first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the sparse spreading matrix includes group identification information in one-to-one correspondence with the at least one group of terminal devices, and at least one non-zero element in a row element or a column element of the sparse spreading matrix, which corresponds to a data stream that the at least one group of terminal devices needs to perform channel decoding, is the group identification information.

With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, in a second possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the decoding the sparsely encoded data stream according to the sparse spreading matrix includes: according to the sparse extension matrix, carrying out sparse decoding on the data stream subjected to sparse coding; and performing channel decoding on the data stream corresponding to the data of the service requirement of the first terminal device in the data stream subjected to sparse decoding according to the group of identification information in the sparse spreading matrix.

With reference to the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first to the second possible implementation manners of the second aspect, in a third possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the information of the sparse spreading matrix is received in multicast control information.

With reference to the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first to third possible implementation manners of the second aspect, in a fourth possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the method further includes: and updating the service requirement.

With reference to the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first to fourth possible implementation manners of the second aspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner of the second aspect, before the receiving, by the first terminal device, the sparse spreading matrix generated by the network device and the data stream obtained by sparsely encoding the data stream subjected to channel encoding according to the sparse spreading matrix, the method further includes: and sending a service request to the network equipment so that the network equipment can generate the group identification information according to the service request.

With reference to the second aspect or any one of the first to fifth possible implementation manners of the second aspect, in a sixth possible implementation manner of the second aspect, each group of terminal devices in the at least one group includes at least one terminal device, and data received by the terminal devices in each group through broadcasting or multicasting is the same.

In a third aspect, a network device is provided, where the network device is applied to a communication system including at least one group of terminal devices, the at least one group of terminal devices multiplexes the same time-frequency resource, the network device includes a sending unit and a processing unit, the processing unit is configured to generate a sparse spreading matrix, and perform sparse coding on a data stream subjected to channel coding according to the sparse spreading matrix, and the sparse spreading matrix is configured to indicate a mapping relationship between the time-frequency resource and the data stream that the at least one group of terminal devices needs to perform channel decoding; the sending unit is configured to send the sparsely encoded data stream to the at least one group of terminal devices and send information of the sparse spreading matrix to the at least one group of terminal devices.

With reference to the third aspect, in a first possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the sparse spreading matrix generated by the processing unit includes group identification information in one-to-one correspondence with the at least one group of terminal devices, and at least one non-zero element of a row element or a column element in the sparse spreading matrix, which corresponds to a data stream that needs to be channel decoded by the at least one group of terminal devices, is the group of identification information.

With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the third aspect, in a second possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the processing unit is specifically configured to modulate the data stream subjected to channel coding to obtain a modulation symbol; mapping the modulation symbols to a multivariate galois field; carrying out spread coding on the modulation symbol according to the sparse spreading matrix to obtain a spread symbol; carrying out constellation point mapping on the effective symbols in the extension symbols to obtain corresponding code words; and superposing and mapping the corresponding code words to the resource units.

With reference to the second possible implementation manner of the third aspect, in a third possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the order of the multivariate galois field is a modulation order and a maximum value of non-zero elements in the sparse spreading matrix.

With reference to the second or third possible implementation manner of the third aspect, in a fourth possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the processing unit is specifically configured to perform, according to the sparse spreading matrix, a product operation on the modulation symbol and a spreading sequence corresponding to the data stream after channel coding in the sparse spreading matrix, so as to obtain the spreading symbol.

With reference to the third aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first to fourth possible implementation manners of the third aspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner of the third aspect, information of the sparse spreading matrix is carried in multicast control information and sent.

With reference to the third aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first to fifth possible implementation manners of the third aspect, in a sixth possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the processing unit is further configured to update the sparse spreading matrix according to a service requirement updated by the at least one group of terminal devices.

With reference to any one possible implementation manner of the first to sixth possible implementation manners of the third aspect, in a seventh possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the method further includes a receiving unit, configured to receive a service request sent by each terminal device in the at least one group of terminal devices; wherein, the processing unit is further configured to generate the group identification information according to the service request.

With reference to the third aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first to seventh possible implementation manners of the third aspect, in an eighth possible implementation manner of the third aspect, each group of terminal devices in the at least one group includes at least one terminal device, and data received by the terminal devices in each group through broadcasting or multicasting is the same.

In a fourth aspect, a terminal device is provided, where at least one group of terminal devices to which the terminal device belongs multiplexes the same time-frequency resource, and the terminal device includes a receiving unit and a processing unit, where the receiving unit is configured to receive a sparse extension matrix generated by a network device and a data stream obtained by performing sparse coding on a data stream subjected to channel coding according to the sparse extension matrix, and the sparse extension matrix is used to indicate a mapping relationship between the time-frequency resource and the data stream to which the at least one group of terminal devices needs to perform channel decoding; the processing unit is configured to decode the sparsely encoded data stream according to the sparse extension matrix.

With reference to the fourth aspect, in a first possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the sparse spreading matrix received by the receiving unit includes group identification information in one-to-one correspondence with the at least one group of terminal devices, and at least one non-zero element in a row element or a column element of the sparse spreading matrix, which corresponds to a data stream that needs to be channel decoded by the at least one group of terminal devices, is the group of identification information.

With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, in a second possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the processing unit is specifically configured to perform sparse decoding on the sparsely encoded data stream according to the sparse spreading matrix; and performing channel decoding on the data stream corresponding to the data of the service requirement of the first terminal device in the data stream subjected to sparse decoding according to the group of identification information in the sparse spreading matrix.

With reference to the fourth aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first to the second possible implementation manners of the fourth aspect, in a third possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, information of the sparse spreading matrix is received in multicast control information.

With reference to the fourth aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first to third possible implementation manners of the fourth aspect, in a fourth possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the processing unit is further configured to update the service requirement.

With reference to the fourth aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first to fourth possible implementation manners of the fourth aspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the method further includes a sending unit, configured to send a service request to the network device, so that the network device generates the group of identification information according to the service request.

With reference to the fourth aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first to fifth possible implementation manners of the fourth aspect, in a sixth possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, each group of terminal devices in the at least one group includes at least one terminal device, and data received by the terminal devices in each group through broadcasting or multicasting is the same.

In the embodiment of the invention, a non-orthogonal access technology is combined in the multimedia broadcast multicast service, sparse coding is carried out according to the sparse extension matrix, and a receiving end can decode the data stream after the sparse coding according to the sparse extension matrix. Therefore, the spectrum resources are shared in a non-orthogonal mode in the multimedia broadcast multicast service, and the spectrum utilization rate is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system using the method of transmitting information of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the bit mapping process of the SCMA.

Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a method of transmitting information in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a method of transmitting information according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a method of transmitting information according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a process of transmitting information according to one embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic flow chart of the encoding process of the data stream according to one embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic block diagram of sparsely encoded spreading symbols in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic flow chart of a decoding process of a data stream according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic block diagram of a network device of one embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic block diagram of a terminal device of one embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

As used in this specification, the terms "component," "module," "system," and the like are intended to refer to a computer-related entity, either hardware, firmware, a combination of hardware and software, or software in execution. For example, a component may be, but is not limited to being, a process running on a processor, an object, an executable, a thread of execution, a program, and/or a computer. By way of illustration, both an application running on a computing device and the computing device can be a component. One or more components can reside within a process and/or thread of execution and a component can be localized on one computer and/or distributed between 2 or more computers. In addition, these components can execute from various computer readable media having various data structures stored thereon. The components may communicate by way of local and/or remote processes such as in accordance with a signal having one or more data packets (e.g., data from two components interacting with another component in a local system, distributed system, and/or across a network such as the internet with other systems by way of the signal).

Various embodiments are described herein in connection with a terminal device. A terminal device may also be referred to as a User Equipment (UE), an access terminal, a subscriber unit, a subscriber station, a mobile station, a remote terminal, a mobile device, a User terminal, a wireless communication device, a User agent, or a User Equipment. The access terminal may be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) phone, a WLL (Wireless Local Loop) station, a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), a handheld device with Wireless communication function, a computing device or other processing device connected to a Wireless modem, a vehicle mounted device, a wearable device, and a terminal device in a future 5G network.

Furthermore, various embodiments are described herein in connection with a network device. The network device may be a device for communicating with a Mobile device, such as a network-side device, and the network-side device may be a Base Transceiver Station (BTS) in GSM (Global System for Mobile communication) or CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access), an NB (NodeB) in WCDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access), an eNB or eNodeB in LTE (Long Term Evolution), a relay Station or Access point, or a network-side device in a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, or a network-side device in a future 5G network.

Moreover, various aspects or features of the invention may be implemented as a method, apparatus, or article of manufacture using standard programming and/or engineering techniques. The term "article of manufacture" as used herein is intended to encompass a computer program accessible from any computer-readable device, carrier, or media. For example, computer-readable media can include but are not limited to magnetic storage devices (e.g., hard Disk, floppy Disk, magnetic strips, etc.), optical disks (e.g., CD (Compact Disk), DVD (Digital Versatile Disk), etc.), smart cards, and flash Memory devices (e.g., EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), card, stick, or key drive, etc.). In addition, various storage media described herein can represent one or more devices and/or other machine-readable media for storing information. The term "machine-readable medium" can include, without being limited to, wireless channels and various other media capable of storing, containing, and/or carrying instruction(s) and/or data.

The existing research provides the idea of non-orthogonal access, that is, a plurality of users can share system resources such as spectrum resources and the like on the limited spectrum resources in a non-orthogonal manner.

At present, the sparse non-orthogonal multiple access technology can be adopted to improve the utilization rate of the frequency spectrum. The sparse non-orthogonal multiple access technology realizes the sharing of frequency spectrum resources in a non-orthogonal mode, namely, the superposition of a plurality of user information can be realized on the same frequency spectrum resource.

However, when spectrum resources are shared in a non-orthogonal manner in MBMS, a receiving end needs to jointly decode all user information due to the mixed superposition of multiple user information during decoding, and thus, the required user information cannot be directly separated. Thus, the base station needs to additionally inform the receiving end of signaling information of a sequence to be decoded, thereby increasing signaling overhead.

As shown in fig. 1, the communication system 100 includes a network side device 102, and the network side device 102 may include a plurality of antenna groups. Each antenna group can include multiple antennas, e.g., one antenna group can include antennas 104 and 106, another antenna group can include antennas 108 and 110, and an additional group can include antennas 112 and 114. 2 antennas are shown in fig. 1 for each antenna group, however, more or fewer antennas may be utilized for each group. Network-side device 102 may additionally include a transmitter chain and a receiver chain, each of which may comprise a plurality of components associated with signal transmission and reception (e.g., processors, modulators, multiplexers, demodulators, demultiplexers, antennas, etc.), as will be appreciated by one skilled in the art.

Network-side device 102 may be in communication with a plurality of terminal devices (e.g., terminal device 116 and terminal device 122). However, it is understood that network-side device 102 may communicate with any number of terminal devices similar to terminal devices 116 or 122. End devices 116 and 122 may be, for example, cellular phones, smart phones, laptops, handheld communication devices, handheld computing devices, satellite radios, global positioning systems, PDAs, and/or any other suitable device for communicating over wireless communication system 100.

As shown in fig. 1, terminal device 116 is in communication with antennas 112 and 114, where antennas 112 and 114 transmit information to terminal device 116 over forward link 118 and receive information from terminal device 116 over reverse link 120. In addition, terminal device 122 is in communication with antennas 104 and 106, where antennas 104 and 106 transmit information to terminal device 122 over forward link 124 and receive information from terminal device 122 over reverse link 126.

In a Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) system, forward link 118 can utilize a different Frequency band than that used by reverse link 120, and forward link 124 can utilize a different Frequency band than that used by reverse link 126, for example.

As another example, in Time Division Duplex (TDD) systems and Full Duplex (Full Duplex) systems, forward link 118 and reverse link 120 may use a common frequency band and forward link 124 and reverse link 126 may use a common frequency band.

Each group of antennas and/or area designed for communication is referred to as a sector of network-side device 102. For example, antenna groups may be designed to communicate with terminal devices in a sector of the area covered by network-side device 102. During communication between network-side device 102 and terminal devices 116 and 122 over forward links 118 and 124, respectively, the transmitting antennas of network-side device 102 may utilize beamforming to improve signal-to-noise ratio of forward links 118 and 124. Moreover, mobile devices in neighboring cells can experience less interference when network-side device 102 utilizes beamforming to transmit to terminal devices 116 and 122 scattered randomly through an associated coverage area, as compared to a manner in which the network-side device transmits signals through a single antenna to all of its terminal devices.

At a given time, network-side device 102, terminal device 116, or terminal device 122 may be a wireless communication transmitting apparatus and/or a wireless communication receiving apparatus. When sending data, the wireless communication sending device may encode the data for transmission. Specifically, the wireless communication transmitting device may obtain (e.g., generate, receive from other communication devices, or save in memory, etc.) a number of data bits to be transmitted over the channel to the wireless communication receiving device. Such data bits may be contained in a transport block (or transport blocks) of data, which may be segmented to produce multiple code blocks.

Sparse non-orthogonal Multiple Access techniques may include Low-Density Spreading (LDS) and Sparse Code Multiple Access (SCMA), although those skilled in the art may not refer to this technique as LDS and SCMA, and may refer to this technique as other technical names.

The LDS technology superimposes a plurality of data streams from one or more users onto N (N is an integer not less than 1) subcarriers for transmission, wherein each data of each data stream is spread over the N subcarriers by means of sparse spreading.

The SCMA technology transmits a plurality of different data streams on the same transmission resource by means of codebooks, wherein the codebooks used by the different data streams are different, so that the utilization rate of the resource is improved. The data streams may be from the same terminal device or from different terminal devices.

Combining the LDS technology or the SCMA technology with the MBMS, the non-orthogonal mode for sharing spectrum resources can be implemented, and the process of combining the MBMS with the LSD or the SCMA may be as follows:

1. the terminal equipment sends a user subscription request to the network equipment;

2. the network equipment carries out service response;

3. the network equipment generates a sparse extension matrix and bears the sparse extension matrix in the multicast control information to send to the terminal equipment;

4. the network equipment sparsely encodes the data stream according to the sparse extension matrix and sends the sparsely encoded data stream to the terminal equipment;

5. the terminal equipment performs sparse decoding on the data stream after sparse coding according to the sparse extension matrix;

6. the network equipment informs the terminal equipment of a required decoding sequence;

7. and the terminal equipment decodes the required data stream according to the acquired decoding sequence.

From the above possible combination process, it can be known that the spectrum resources are shared in a non-orthogonal manner in the MBMS, and the spectrum utilization rate can be improved. However, since the network device needs to inform the terminal device of the required decoding sequence, signaling overhead is increased.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the bit mapping process of the SCMA. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a bit mapping process (or coding process) of the SCMA, which takes multiplexing of 4 resource units with 6 data streams as an example, and the schematic diagram is a bipartite diagram. As shown in fig. 2, 6 data streams constitute one packet, and 4 resource units constitute one coding unit. One resource unit may be one subcarrier, or one RE, or one antenna port.

In fig. 2, a connection line exists between a data stream and a resource unit to indicate that at least one data combination of the data stream will send a non-zero modulation symbol on the resource unit after codeword mapping, and no connection line exists between the data stream and the resource unit to indicate that all possible data combinations of the data stream will send zero modulation symbols on the resource unit after codeword mapping. The data combination of the data stream can be understood as set forth below, for example, in a binary bit data stream, 00, 01, 10, 11 are all possible two-bit data combinations.

For convenience of description, data combinations to be transmitted for 6 data streams in fig. 2 are sequentially represented by s1 to s6, and symbols transmitted on 4 resource elements in fig. 2 are sequentially represented by x1 to x 4. The connection between the data stream and the resource unit indicates that the data of the data stream will send a modulation symbol on the resource unit after being spread, where the modulation symbol may be a zero modulation symbol (corresponding to a zero element) or a non-zero modulation symbol (corresponding to a non-zero element), and the absence of the connection between the data stream and the resource unit indicates that the data of the data stream will not send a modulation symbol on the resource unit after being spread.

As can be seen from fig. 2, after codeword mapping, data of each data stream may transmit modulation symbols on two or more resource units, and meanwhile, a symbol transmitted by each resource unit is a superposition of modulation symbols after codeword mapping of data of two or more data streams. For example, the data combination s3 to be sent of the data stream 3 may be coded to send non-zero modulation symbols on resource unit 1 and resource unit 2, and the data x3 sent by the resource unit 3 is a superposition of the non-zero modulation symbols obtained by coding the data combinations s2, s4 and s6 to be sent of the data stream 2, data stream 4 and data stream 6, respectively. Because the number of data streams can be larger than the number of resource units, the SCMA system can effectively increase the network capacity, including the number of accessible users and the spectrum efficiency of the system.

In conjunction with the above description regarding the codebook and fig. 2, the codewords in the codebook are typically of the form:

moreover, the corresponding codebook typically has the form:

n is a positive integer greater than 1, and may be represented as the number of resource units included in one coding unit, or may be understood as the length of a codeword; q_mIs a positive integer greater than 1, represents the number of codewords contained in the codebook, and can be understood as a modulation order, although those skilled in the art can call other names, such as Q in 4-order modulation_mIs 4; q is a positive integer, and Q is not less than 1 and not more than Q_m(ii) a Element c contained in codebook and codeword_n,qIs a plurality of c_n,qMathematically it can be expressed as:

c_n,q∈{0,α*exp(j*β)},1≤n≤N,1≤q≤Q_m

α and β can be any real number, N and Q_mMay be a positive integer.

The codewords in the codebook may form a mapping relationship with the data, and the mapping relationship may be a direct mapping relationship, for example, the codewords in the codebook may be combined with two-bit data of the binary data stream to form the following mapping relationship.

For example, "00" may correspond to codeword 1, i.e.

"01" may correspond to codeword 2, i.e.

"10" may correspond to codeword 3, i.e.

"11" may correspond to codeword 4, i.e.

With reference to fig. 2, when there is a connection between a data stream and a resource unit, a codebook corresponding to the data stream and a codeword in the codebook should have the following characteristics: at least one of the codebooks existsThe code word transmits non-zero modulation symbols on the corresponding resource unit, e.g. there is a connection between the data stream 3 and the resource unit 1, then at least one code word of the codebook corresponding to the data stream 3 satisfies c_1,q≠0，1≤q≤Q_m；

When there is no connection between the data stream and the resource unit, the codebook corresponding to the data stream and the codeword in the codebook should have the following characteristics: all code words in the codebook transmit zero modulation symbols on corresponding resource units, e.g. there is no connection between data stream 3 and resource unit 3, and then any code word in the codebook corresponding to data stream 3 satisfies c_3,q＝0，1≤q≤Q_m。

In summary, when the modulation order is 4, the codebook corresponding to the data stream 3 in fig. 2 may have the following form and characteristics:

wherein, c_n,qα × exp (j × β),1 ≦ n ≦ 2,1 ≦ q ≦ 4, α and β may be any real number, for any q, 1 ≦ q ≦ 4, c_1,qAnd c_2,qNot simultaneously zero, and at least one group q₁And q is₂，1≤q₁，q₂Less than or equal to 4, make and

for example, if the data s3 of the data stream 3 is "10", the data combination is mapped to a codeword, i.e. a 4-dimensional complex vector, according to the aforementioned mapping rule:

further, in the SCMA system, the bipartite graph may also be represented by a low density spreading matrix. The spreading matrix may have the form:

wherein r is_n,mAnd M and N are natural numbers, N is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N, M is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to M, N rows respectively represent N resource units in one coding unit, and M columns respectively represent the number of multiplexed data streams. Although the spreading matrix may be expressed in a general form, the spreading matrix may have the following characteristics:

(1) element r in the spreading matrix_n,mBelongs to {0,1}, N is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N, M is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to M, wherein r_n,m1 may indicate that there is a connection between the mth data stream and the resource unit n, and it may also be understood that there is at least one data combination in the mth data stream that is codeword mapped to be non-zeroModulating the symbols; r is_n,m0 may indicate that the corresponding bipartite graph is used for explanation, and there is no connection line between the mth data stream and the resource unit n, and it may also be understood that all possible data combinations of the mth data stream are mapped to a zero modulation symbol through a codeword;

(2) further optionally, the number of 0 elements in the spreading matrix may be not less than the number of 1 elements, so as to embody the characteristic of sparse coding.

Meanwhile, columns in the spreading matrix may be referred to as spreading sequences. And the spreading sequence may have the following expression form:

therefore, the spreading matrix can also be considered as a matrix consisting of a series of signature sequences.

In connection with the above-mentioned characterization of the spreading matrix, for the example given in fig. 3, the corresponding spreading matrix can be represented as:

while the spreading sequence corresponding to the codebook used for data stream 3 in fig. 2 can be represented as:

therefore, the relation that the codebook corresponds to the spreading sequences is a one-to-one relation, that is, one codebook uniquely corresponds to one spreading sequence; the relation of the spreading sequence to the codebook may be a one-to-many relation, that is, one spreading sequence corresponds to one or more codebooks. The signature sequence can thus be understood as: the extended sequence corresponds to the codebook and consists of zero elements and 1 element, wherein the position of the zero element indicates that all the elements of the code word in the corresponding position of the zero element in the corresponding codebook are zero, and the 1 element indicates that all the elements of the code word in the corresponding position of the 1 element in the corresponding codebook are not zero or not zero. The correspondence between the spreading sequence and the codebook may be determined by two conditions:

(1) the code words in the codebook and the corresponding spreading sequences have the same total element number;

(2) for any element position with a value of 1 in the spreading sequence, at least one code word can be found in the corresponding codebook, so that the element of the code word at the same position is not zero; for any element position with zero value in the spreading sequence, the elements of all the codewords in the corresponding codebook at the same position are zero.

It is also to be understood that in the SCMA system, the codebook may be directly represented and stored, for example, the codebook above or each codeword in the codebook, or only the element at the position where the corresponding spreading sequence element is 1 in the codeword, etc. may be stored. Thus, in applying the present invention, it is assumed that both the base station and the user equipment in the SCMA system can store some or all of the following pre-designed:

(1) one or more SCMA spreading matrices:

wherein r is_n,mThe element belongs to {0,1}, N is larger than or equal to 1 and smaller than or equal to N, M is larger than or equal to 1 and smaller than or equal to M, and both M and N are integers larger than 1, wherein M represents the number of multiplexed data streams, and N is a positive integer larger than 1, and can be expressed as the number of resource units contained in one coding unit and can also be understood as the length of a code word;

(2) one or more SCMA spreading sequences:

wherein M is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to M;

(3) one or more SCMA codebooks:

wherein Q_m≥2，Q_mEach codebook may correspond to one modulation order, where N is a positive integer greater than 1, and may be represented as the number of resource units included in one coding unit, or may be understood as the length of a codeword.

It should be understood that the SCMA system listed above is only an example of a communication system to which the method and apparatus for transmitting information of the present invention are applied, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and other communication systems that enable terminal devices to transmit information by multiplexing the same time-frequency resource in the same time period all fall within the scope of the present invention.

For convenience of understanding and explanation, in the following embodiments, a data processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described by taking an application to the SCMA system as an example, unless otherwise specified.

In addition, in the embodiment of the present invention, the modulation process may be similar to the modulation process in the existing SCMA system, and here, a detailed description thereof is omitted to avoid redundancy.

Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a method of transmitting information in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. The method 300 may be performed by a network device, which may be a Broadcast Multicast Service center (BM-SC). The method is applied to a communication system comprising at least one group of terminal equipment, each group of terminal equipment comprises at least one terminal equipment, the service requirements of the at least one terminal equipment are the same, and the at least one group of terminal equipment multiplexes the same time-frequency resource. As shown in fig. 3, the method 300 includes:

s310, the network equipment generates a sparse extension matrix which is used for indicating the mapping relation between the time-frequency resources and the data streams which need to be subjected to channel decoding by at least one group of terminal equipment;

s320, according to the sparse extension matrix, carrying out sparse coding on the data stream subjected to channel coding;

s330, transmitting the data stream after sparse coding to at least one group of terminal equipment and transmitting the information of the sparse spreading matrix to at least one group of terminal equipment.

In the embodiment of the invention, a non-orthogonal access technology is combined in the multimedia broadcast multicast service, sparse coding is carried out according to the sparse extension matrix, and a receiving end can decode the data stream after the sparse coding according to the sparse extension data. Therefore, the spectrum resources are shared in a non-orthogonal mode in the multimedia broadcast multicast service, and the spectrum utilization rate is improved.

Optionally, each group of terminal devices in the at least one group includes at least one terminal device, and data received by each group of terminal devices through broadcasting or multicasting is the same.

The service requirements corresponding to each group of terminal devices in at least one group of terminal devices are the same, that is, the data to be transmitted corresponding to the service of each group of terminal devices is also the same, so for each group of terminal devices, the data sent by the network device through broadcast multicast is the same. For example: if the contents to be subscribed by the plurality of terminal devices may be the same, the plurality of terminal devices may be terminal devices in the same group. For example, a plurality of terminal devices need to subscribe to sports news information or other subscription content.

Specifically, each group of terminal devices may correspond to a plurality of Resource Elements (REs), where the time-frequency Resource may be a time-frequency Resource block (also referred to as a time-frequency Resource group) composed of a plurality of REs, and the plurality of REs may be located at the same position in the time domain (i.e., corresponding to the same symbol) and located at different positions in the frequency domain (i.e., corresponding to different subcarriers), or the plurality of REs may be located at different positions in the time domain (i.e., corresponding to different symbols) and located at the same position in the frequency domain (i.e., corresponding to the same subcarrier), which is not particularly limited in the present invention.

The sparse extension matrix may be used to indicate a mapping relationship between time-frequency resources and data streams, and in particular, may indicate a mapping relationship between REs and data streams. The data stream may be a data stream that at least one group of terminal devices needs to perform channel decoding.

It should be understood that the network device may allocate data corresponding to a service required by the terminal device to a data stream, and perform channel coding on the data stream to which the service is allocated, to obtain a data stream after channel coding. After channel coding, the data stream needs to be channel decoded at the terminal device side. The data stream after channel coding can be understood as a data stream that the terminal device needs to perform channel decoding after being sent to the terminal device. The embodiment of the present invention does not limit the channel coding method. Alternatively, as an embodiment, Forward Error Correction (FEC) coding may be used for channel coding, for example, Turbo coding may be used. Correspondingly, the channel decoding at the receiving end may adopt corresponding Turbo decoding.

Specifically, Sparse Code Multiple Access (SCMA) is a non-orthogonal Multiple Access technology, and of course, a person skilled in the art may not refer to this technology as SCMA, and may refer to this technology as other technology names. According to the technology, a plurality of different data streams are transmitted on the same transmission resource by means of codebooks, wherein the codebooks used by the different data streams are different, and therefore the utilization rate of the resource is improved. The data streams may be from the same terminal device or from different terminal devices.

The code book adopted by the SCMA is a set of two or more code words, and the code words of the same code book can be different from each other. The codeword may be a multidimensional complex field vector, and the number of the vector is two or more than two, and the vector is used to represent a mapping relationship between data and two or more modulation symbols. The modulation symbols comprise at least one zero modulation symbol and at least one non-zero modulation symbol, the data can be binary bit data or multi-element data, and the relationship between the zero modulation symbol and the non-zero modulation symbol can be that the number of the zero modulation symbols is not less than the number of the non-zero modulation symbols.

The codebook consists of two or more codewords. The codebook may represent a mapping of possible data combinations of data of a certain length to codewords in the codebook, and the mapping may be a direct mapping.

The SCMA technique implements extended transmission of data on multiple resource units by directly mapping data in a data stream into codewords, i.e., multidimensional complex vectors, in a codebook according to a certain mapping relationship. The data may be binary bit data or multivariate data, and the plurality of resource units may be resource units of time domain, frequency domain, space domain, time-frequency domain, time-space domain, and time-frequency space domain.

The spreading sequence in the text corresponds to the codebook and is composed of zero elements and 1 element, wherein the zero elements indicate that all the elements of the code words in the corresponding positions of the zero elements in the corresponding codebook are zero, and the 1 element indicates that all the elements of the code words in the corresponding positions of the 1 element in the corresponding codebook are not zero or not zero. Two or more feature sequences form a feature matrix. It should be understood that SCMA is just one name, and the industry may refer to the technology by other names as well.

The code word adopted by the SCMA may have a certain sparsity, for example, the number of zero elements in the code word may be not less than the number of modulation symbols, so that a receiving end may utilize a multi-user detection technique to perform decoding with a lower complexity. Here, the above-listed relationship between the number of zero elements and the modulation symbol is only an exemplary sparse description, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and the ratio of the number of zero elements to the number of non-zero elements may be arbitrarily set as necessary.

As an example of the communication system 100, the SCMA system may be mentioned, and in the system 100, a plurality of users multiplex the same time-frequency resource block for data transmission. Each resource block is composed of a plurality of resource REs, where the REs may be subcarrier-symbol units in the OFDM technology, or resource units in time domain or frequency domain in other air interface technologies. For example, in an SCMA system including L terminal devices, the available resources are divided into several orthogonal time-frequency resource blocks, each resource block contains U REs, where the U REs may be located at the same position in the time domain. When terminal device # L transmits data, the data to be transmitted is first divided into data blocks of S bit size, and each data block is mapped into a set of modulation symbol sequence X # L ═ X # L including U modulation symbols by looking up a codebook (determined by the network device and issued to the terminal device)₁，X#L₂，…，X#L_UAnd each modulation symbol in the sequence corresponds to one RE in the resource block, and then a signal waveform is generated according to the modulation symbol. For data blocks of size S bits, each codebook contains 2S different modulation symbol groups, corresponding to 2S possible data blocks.

The codebook may also be referred to as an SCMA codebook, which is a SCMA codeword set, and an SCMA codeword is a mapping relation from information bits to modulation symbols. That is, the SCMA codebook is a set of the above mapping relationships.

In the SCMA, a group modulation symbol X # k corresponding to each terminal device is { X # k ═ X # k-₁，X#k₂，…，X#k_LAt least one symbol is a zero symbol and at least one symbol is a non-zero symbol.

The network device may generate the sparse spreading matrix according to a mapping relationship between the resource unit RE and the data stream, where the mapping relationship between the RE and the data stream is known in advance by the network device.

The service requirements corresponding to each group of terminal devices in at least one group of terminal devices are the same, that is, the data to be transmitted corresponding to the service of each group of terminal devices is also the same. The network device may allocate data corresponding to respective service requirements of each group of terminal devices to corresponding data streams. The process of sparsely encoding the data stream after service allocation may be based on an LDS technology or an SCMA technology.

It should be appreciated that decoding the sparsely encoded data stream according to a sparse spreading matrix may include two steps. Firstly, the terminal equipment can carry out sparse decoding on the data stream after sparse coding according to the sparse extension matrix, and the process of the sparse decoding can be understood as the separation process of the data stream; and secondly, carrying out data decoding on the data stream after sparse decoding.

In this way, each terminal device needs the network device to send the decoding sequence again when only some data transmitted by some data streams in all data streams are needed. And the terminal equipment decodes the data stream required in all the data streams according to the decoding sequence to obtain the data required by the service.

One method of encoding according to a sparse spreading matrix may be referred to as sparse coding. The sparse decoding method may use an information transfer Algorithm (MPA), and the channel coding may use Forward Error Correction (FEC) coding, for example, Turbo coding. Accordingly, correspondingly, the channel decoding at the receiving end may adopt corresponding Turbo decoding. It should be understood that the channel coding method is not limited in the embodiments of the present invention.

The elements in the sparse spreading matrix may be 1 or 0. When an element is not 0, it may indicate that no data is transmitted between the data stream corresponding to the element and the resource unit. When an element is 1, it may indicate that there is data to be transmitted between the data stream corresponding to the element and the resource unit.

However, in the method of combining the mbms with the non-orthogonal sparse coding, the terminal device needs to perform channel decoding on all data streams. Therefore, the network device needs to inform the terminal device of the decoding sequence corresponding to the data stream where the data required by the terminal device is located again, which increases signaling overhead.

Optionally, as another embodiment, the sparse spreading matrix includes group identification information in one-to-one correspondence with at least one group of terminal devices, and at least one non-zero element in a row element/column element of the sparse spreading matrix, which corresponds to a data stream that needs to be channel decoded by at least one group of terminal devices, is the group identification information.

It should be appreciated that row elements of the sparse spreading matrix may be used to represent time-frequency resources, (e.g., resource elements), and column elements may be used to indicate data flow. The row elements of the sparse spreading matrix may also be used to indicate data flow and the column elements may be used to indicate time-frequency resources.

In the embodiment of the invention, group identification information is adopted to identify a plurality of groups of terminal equipment with different service requirements, and each group of terminal equipment corresponds to one identification information. And generating a sparse extension matrix according to the identification information of the plurality of groups of terminal equipment to indicate the time-frequency resources and the data streams corresponding to each group of terminal equipment. Therefore, the terminal equipment can decode the required data stream according to the identification information in the sparse extension matrix, thereby avoiding the network equipment from additionally informing which data streams correspond to the service requirements of the terminal equipment, and further reducing the signaling overhead.

The group identification information may be multivariate data. The communication system may include a plurality of terminal devices, and the plurality of terminal devices may be grouped according to respective service requirements, where each group may include at least one terminal device and the service requirements of the at least one terminal device are the same. If the communication system includes at least one group of terminal devices, at least one group identification information corresponding to the group of terminal devices is generated, and one group identification information may correspond to one group of terminal devices.

For example, if the service requirements of the plurality of terminal devices can be divided into three categories, the service requirements can be divided into three groups of terminal devices. The three identities of the three groups of terminal devices may be 1, 2 and 3, respectively.

If the mapping relationship shown in fig. 2 is taken as an example, that is, the number of downlink carrier resource units is 4, the number of transmission data streams is 6, and three groups of terminal devices are used, the sparse spreading matrix generated according to the group identification information may be as follows:

wherein H_LDSThe number of rows is the number of downlink carrier resource units, and the number of columns respectively corresponds to 6 data streams. H_LDSThe non-zero element in (1) is group identification information for decoding the data stream by the terminal equipment. The group identification information may correspond to the number of groups per group of terminal devices, where H_LDSThe largest non-zero element in (a) is 3.

After acquiring the sparse extension matrix containing the group identification information, the terminal device can perform sparse decoding on the data stream subjected to service allocation according to the sparse extension matrix to obtain a plurality of data streams. And then, decoding data of the data stream where the group identification information corresponding to the terminal equipment is located to obtain data required by the terminal equipment.

For example, if the terminal device belongs to the third group (i.e. the group identification information is 3), after the sparse decoding, the terminal device performs data decoding only on the second data stream, the third data stream and the fourth data stream corresponding to the group identification information of 3 to obtain data of the three data streams.

Optionally, as another embodiment, the information of the sparse spreading matrix is carried in multicast control information.

Specifically, the network device may send the information of the sparse spreading matrix on the multicast control channel, that is, the information of the sparse spreading matrix may be carried and sent on the multicast control information. In the embodiment of the present invention, the transmission method of the information of the sparse spreading matrix is not limited, and the information may be transmitted on other channels. When the information of the sparse spreading matrix is sent on the multicast control channel, the possible standard embodiment forms thereof may be as follows:

the spadingmatrixconfiguration indicates that the BM-SC sends the information of the sparse spreading matrix to the terminal device.

Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a method of transmitting information according to another embodiment of the present invention. The same steps in fig. 4 as in fig. 3 may be numbered identically. The method 300 may further include:

and S340, updating the sparse expansion matrix according to the service requirements updated by at least one group of terminal equipment.

It should be understood that the sparse spreading matrix containing the group identification information is defined by the network device, and may be kept unchanged or updated during the downlink transmission. Specifically, in the multicast broadcast mode, since the multicast broadcast period is long, when the service requirement of the terminal device changes, the change of the service requirement is fed back to the network device. Then, the network device updates the sparse extension matrix according to the updated service requirement of the terminal device, and sends the updated sparse extension matrix to the terminal device.

It should also be understood that the update to the sparse expansion matrix may be performed by modifying the matrix entirely or partially, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.

Alternatively, as another embodiment, in S320, the process of sparse coding may be as follows:

step 1, modulating the data stream after channel coding to obtain a modulation symbol;

step 2, mapping the modulation symbols to a multivariate Galois field;

step 3, carrying out spread coding on the modulation symbol according to the sparse spreading matrix to obtain a spread symbol;

step 4, constellation point mapping is carried out on the effective symbols in the extended symbols to obtain corresponding code words;

and step 5, superposing and mapping the corresponding code words to the resource units.

In particular, the service may include a broadcast service. It should be understood that the network device may allocate the service data required by the terminal device to the data stream corresponding to the service requirement of each group of terminal devices. Taking fig. 2 as an example, the service data required by the third group of terminal devices 3 is allocated to the second data stream (S)₂) A third data stream (S)₃) And a fourth data stream (S)₄) The above.

The above-mentioned sparse coding method may belong to the coding process for the data stream shown in fig. 7.

Fig. 7 is a schematic flow chart of the encoding process of the data stream according to one embodiment of the present invention. The encoding process shown in fig. 7 may be implemented by a network device, which may be a BM-SC.

Specifically, in fig. 7, the process of encoding the data stream by the sending end may include: channel coding and sparse coding. The sparse coding may employ the method of sparse coding described above.

The channel coding may adopt Turbo coding, and the sparse coding process may include: modulation, mapping to multiple galois fields, spreading coding, constellation point mapping and resource unit mapping.

Specifically, the modulation process in fig. 7 may correspond to step 1, mapping to a multiple galois field may correspond to step 2, spreading coding may correspond to step 3, constellation point mapping may correspond to step 4, and resource unit mapping may correspond to step 5.

Fig. 7 shows only the processing of three data streams. It should be understood that, in the resource element mapping, the code words of the multiple data streams are mapped to the resource elements RE after being superimposed.

Alternatively, as another embodiment, the order of the multivariate galois field may be the modulation order and the maximum of the non-zero elements in the sparse spreading matrix.

Specifically, the order of the gf (q) domain may take the modulation order and the maximum value of the non-zero elements in the sparse extension matrix, i.e. q ═ max (m, n), where m is the modulation order and n is the maximum value of the non-zero elements in the sparse extension matrix.

Optionally, as another embodiment, performing spreading coding on the modulation symbol according to the sparse spreading matrix to obtain a spreading symbol, which may include:

and according to the sparse spreading matrix, performing product operation on the modulation symbol and a spreading sequence corresponding to the data stream subjected to channel coding in the sparse spreading matrix to obtain a spreading symbol.

In particular, each data stream is assigned a corresponding spreading sequence. The modulation symbol is multiplied by non-zero elements in the spreading sequence, and the operation is defined in a GF (q) field, so that the spreading symbol can be obtained.

For example, with the above-mentioned H_LDSFor the purpose of example only,

the extension sequence corresponding to the first data stream is h₁＝[0 h₁₁ 0 h₁₂]^TThe second data stream has an extension sequence h₁＝[h₂₁ 0 h₂₂ 0]^T。

After the data stream subjected to service allocation is sparsely encoded, the occupation manner of the data stream on the resource unit may be as shown in fig. 8.

As shown in FIG. 8, a first data stream (S)₁) Respectively corresponding to the second resource unit (x)₂) And a fourth resource unit (x)₄) (ii) a A second data stream (S)₂) Respectively correspond to the first resource unit (x)₁) And a third resource unit (x)₃) (ii) a The third data stream (S)₃) Respectively correspond to the first resource unit (x)₁) And a second resource unit (x)₂) (ii) a The fourth data stream (S)₄) Respectively correspond to the third resource unit (x)₃) And a fourth resource unit (x)₄) (ii) a The fifth data stream (S)₅) Respectively correspond to the first resource unit (x)₁) And a fourth resource unit (x)₄) (ii) a Sixth data stream (S)₆) Respectively corresponding to the second resource unit (x)₂) And a third resource unit (x)₃)。

The above sparse coding process may adopt an LDS-like scheme or an SCMA-like scheme, which are described in detail below.

Taking the first data flow in fig. 2 as an example, the process of sparse coding by the network device based on the LDS-like scheme may be as follows:

step 1, the modulation order is m-4, the modulation symbol after the modulation of the first data stream is a, and a contains two bits of information;

step 2, mapping the modulation symbol a to GF (q) domain to obtain a_QWherein q ═ max (m, n);

step 3, carrying out expansion coding on the first data stream according to the sparse expansion matrix;

specifically, the extension sequence corresponding to the first data stream is h₁＝[0 h₁₁ 0 h₁₂]^TThe spread symbol obtained after spreading the modulation symbol a is s₁＝[0 s₁₁ 0 s₁₂]^T，s₁＝a_Q(*)h₁Wherein (#) indicates that the operation is defined in a field of a multivariate GF (q).

Step 4, expanding symbol s₁＝[0 s₁₁ 0 s₁₂]^TCarrying out constellation point mapping;

in particular, here the mapping is only for s₁₁，s₁₂And carrying out constellation point mapping to generate a code word. At this time, the order of the constellation point is q, and the number of the generated constellation point patterns is N_q＝q²I.e. the number of codewords. In order to avoid collision of codewords between different data streams, the codewords obtained from each data stream need to undergo phase rotation. Suppose a first data stream (S)₁) The phase rotation factor is that the code word after phase rotation is x₁＝[0 x₁₁ 0 x₁₂]^TWherein x is_1j＝s_1j·r₁。N_dataA constant representing a phase rotation factor to be distinguished can be defined according to the number of data streams, and the value of i ranges from 0 to N_data。

And 5, overlapping the expanded code words of all the data streams and mapping the code words to the resource units.

In the above description, the data stream is spread-coded and then adopts the LDS scheme, i.e. the non-fixed code scheme. Optionally, as another embodiment, an SCMA scheme may be adopted in the embodiment of the present invention. The network equipment (BM-SC) may allocate a fixed codebook to each data stream, where the codebook includes codewords required for constellation point mapping, and the codebooks of all data streams form a codebook set.

Specifically, taking the first data stream as an example, the codebook allocated by the BM-SC for the first data stream may be: wherein x is_1,j＝[0 x₁₁ 0 x₁₂]^T,j＝1,…,N_qThen the procedure of BM-SC sparse coding based on the SCMA scheme may be as follows:

the code word after constellation point mapping is x_1,j＝[0 x₁₁ 0 x₁₂]^TWherein, the code word sequence number can be calculated according to the spreading symbol to obtain: j is s₁₁·q+s₁₂Then according to code word serial number in code book X₁Find x in_1,j。

Optionally, as another embodiment, before S310, the method 300 may further include:

s350, receiving a service request sent by each terminal device in at least one group of terminal devices;

and S360, generating group identification information according to the service request.

The network device in the embodiment of the invention can generate at least one group identification information according to the service request of each terminal device, and the service requirements of the terminal devices corresponding to each group identification information are the same.

It should be understood that the network device may also respond to service requests of the terminal device.

As can be seen from the sparse spreading matrix described above, the number of non-zero elements per column is 2, and the number of non-zero elements per row is 3. That is, the column weight d of the sparse spreading matrix described above_vLine weight d 2_f3. Alternatively, as another embodiment, the column weight and row weight of the sparse spreading matrix in the embodiment of the present invention may be non-constant, i.e. d_vAnd d_fThe value of (a) is not constant.

Specifically, the row weight and column weight of the sparse spreading matrix are constant. Taking the first data flow as an example, the process of sparse coding by the network device (BM-SC) based on the LDS-like scheme may be as follows:

specifically, the extension sequence corresponding to the first group of data streams is h₁＝[0 h₁₁ h₁₂ h₁₃]^TThe spread symbol obtained after spreading the modulation symbol a is s₁＝[0 s₁₁ s₁₂ s₁₃]^T，s₁＝a_Q(*)h₁Wherein (#) indicates that the operation is defined in a field of a multivariate GF (q).

in particular, here the mapping is only for s₁₁，s₁₂，s₁₃And carrying out constellation point mapping to generate a code word. At this time, the order of the constellation point is q, and the number of the generated constellation point patterns is N_q＝q³I.e. the number of codewords. In order to avoid collision of codewords between different data streams, the codewords obtained from each data stream need to undergo phase rotation. Suppose a first data stream (S)₁) Has a phase rotation factor ofThe code word after the phase rotation is x₁＝[0 x₁₁ x₁₂ x₁₃]^TWherein x is_1j＝s_1j·r₁。N_dataA constant representing a phase rotation factor to be distinguished can be defined according to the number of data streams, and the value of i ranges from 0 to N_data。

In addition, a plurality of groups of terminal devices with different service requirements are identified by adopting the identification information, and each group of terminal devices corresponds to one identification information. And generating a sparse extension matrix according to the identification information of the plurality of groups of terminal equipment to indicate the time-frequency resources and the data streams corresponding to each group of terminal equipment. Therefore, the terminal equipment can decode the required data stream according to the identification information in the sparse extension matrix, thereby avoiding the network equipment from additionally informing which data streams correspond to the service requirements of the terminal equipment, and further reducing the signaling overhead.

Fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a method of transmitting information according to another embodiment of the present invention. The method 500 is applied to a communication system including at least one terminal device, at least one group of terminal devices multiplexing the same time-frequency resource, and the method 500 includes:

s510, a first terminal device of at least one group of terminal devices receives a sparse extension matrix generated by a network device and a data stream obtained by carrying out sparse coding on the data stream subjected to channel coding according to the sparse extension matrix, wherein the sparse extension matrix is used for indicating a mapping relation between a time-frequency resource and the data stream which needs to be subjected to channel coding by at least one group of terminal devices;

s520, decoding the data stream after sparse coding according to the sparse extension matrix.

It should be understood that the first terminal device may be any terminal device in at least one group of terminal devices, and only one terminal device is described in the embodiment of the present invention.

Optionally, as another embodiment, the sparse spreading matrix may include at least one group identification information determined by the network device, and the at least one group of terminal devices is in one-to-one correspondence with the at least one group identification information.

In the embodiment of the invention, group identification information is adopted to identify a plurality of groups of terminal equipment with different service requirements, and each group of terminal equipment corresponds to one identification information. And generating a sparse extension matrix according to the group identification information of the plurality of groups of terminal devices to indicate time-frequency resources corresponding to the data to be transmitted and data streams required by each group of terminal devices during channel decoding. Therefore, the terminal equipment can decode the required data stream according to the identification information in the sparse extension matrix, thereby avoiding the network equipment from additionally informing which data streams correspond to the service requirements of the terminal equipment, and further reducing the signaling overhead.

The service requirements corresponding to each group of terminal devices in at least one group of terminal devices are the same, that is, the data to be transmitted corresponding to the service of each group of terminal devices is also the same, so for each group of terminal devices, the data sent by the network device through broadcast multicast is the same. For example: if the contents to be subscribed by the plurality of terminal devices may be the same, the plurality of terminal devices may be terminal devices in the same group. For example, a plurality of terminal devices need to subscribe to sports news information or other subscription content. The network device may allocate data corresponding to respective service requirements of each group of terminal devices to corresponding data streams. The process of sparsely encoding the data stream after service allocation may be based on an LDS technology or an SCMA technology.

The group identification information may include multivariate data. The communication system may include a plurality of terminal devices, and the plurality of terminal devices may be grouped according to respective service requirements, where each group may include at least one terminal device and the service requirements of the at least one terminal device are the same. The business requirement may be a subscription requirement. The same service requirement may be the same content of the subscription. If the communication system includes at least one group of terminal devices, at least one group identification information corresponding to the group of terminal devices is generated, and one group identification information may correspond to one group of terminal devices. For example, if the service requirements of the plurality of terminal devices can be divided into three categories, the service requirements can be divided into three groups of terminal devices. The three identities of the three groups of terminal devices may be 1, 2 and 3, respectively.

Optionally, as another embodiment, in S520, decoding the sparsely encoded data stream according to the sparse spreading matrix may include:

according to the sparse extension matrix, carrying out sparse decoding on the data stream subjected to sparse coding;

and performing channel decoding on the data stream corresponding to the service requirement of the first terminal device in the data stream subjected to sparse decoding according to at least one group identification information in the sparse spreading matrix.

Specifically, after acquiring the sparse extension matrix containing the group identification information, the terminal device can perform sparse decoding on the data stream subjected to service allocation according to the sparse extension matrix to obtain a plurality of data streams. And further, carrying out channel decoding on the data stream corresponding to the group identification information to which the terminal equipment belongs to obtain the data required by the terminal equipment.

Alternatively, the process of sparse decoding may employ an MPA algorithm, and the method of channel decoding may correspond to the method of channel encoding. For example, if the channel coding adopts Turbo coding, Turbo decoding may be adopted, and the method for channel coding or channel decoding is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.

Specifically, the process of decoding the data stream may be as shown in fig. 9.

Fig. 9 is a schematic flow chart of a decoding process of a data stream according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 9, the decoding process of the data stream may include sparse decoding and channel decoding.

Specifically, in combination with the mapping relationship between the data stream and the resource unit RE shown in fig. 2, the terminal device may perform sparse decoding on the received data stream to obtain six data streams. Further, the terminal device may perform channel decoding on the data stream required by the terminal device according to at least one group identification information in the sparse spreading matrix to obtain data of the required data stream. For example, the third group of terminal devices performs channel decoding on the corresponding second data stream, third data stream, and fourth data stream according to the group identification information (for example, the group identification information is 3), so as to obtain data of the second data stream, data of the third data stream, and data of the fourth data stream.

Optionally, as another embodiment, the information of the sparse spreading matrix may be received in multicast control information.

In particular, the network device may transmit the sparse spreading matrix on the multicast control channel, that is, the sparse spreading matrix may be carried on the multicast control information. Possible standard embodiments of this are described above and will not be described in detail here to avoid repetition.

Optionally, as another embodiment, the method may further include:

and S530, updating the service requirement.

Optionally, as another embodiment, before S510, the method may further include:

s540, sending the service request to the network device, so that the network device generates the group identifier information according to the service request.

Fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a process of transmitting information according to one embodiment of the present invention. The process may include:

601, the terminal device sends a service request message to the network device;

in particular, the service request message may be a user subscription request, and the service may include a broadcast service. The network device may be a BM-SC.

602, the network device sends a service response message to the terminal device;

603, the network device generates group identification information according to the service request message, and generates a sparse extension matrix according to the group identification information;

the communication system may include a plurality of terminal devices, and the plurality of terminal devices may be grouped according to respective service requirements, where each group may include at least one terminal device and the service requirements of the at least one terminal device are the same. If the communication system includes at least one group of terminal devices, at least one corresponding identification information is generated, and one identification information may correspond to one group of terminal devices.

wherein H_LDSThe number of rows is the number of downlink carrier resource units, and the number of columns respectively corresponds to 6 data streams. H_LDSThe non-zero element in (1) is group identification information of each group of terminal devices. The number of group identification information may correspond to the number of groups per group of terminal devices, where H may correspond to the number of groups per group of terminal devices_LDSThe medium largest non-zero element may be 3. As exemplified above by H_LDSFor sparse spreading matrix example, the first column of non-zero elements contains h₁₁And h₁₂Two non-zero elements and are assigned group identifications 2 and 1, respectively, but can of course also be assigned group representations 1 and 2, respectively. When h is generated₁₂When the value is 1, the number of groups of terminal devices corresponding to the element may be 1. That is, data for a first group of terminal devices may be transmitted on a first data stream, and the resource unit transmitted is a second resource unit. When h is generated₁₁When the value is 2, the number of groups of terminal devices corresponding to the element may be 2. That is, the data of the second group of terminal devices may be transmitted on the first data stream, and the resource unit transmitted is the fourth resource unit. It can therefore be understood that the first data stream is a superposition of data of the first group of terminal devices and the second group of terminal devices.

604, the network device sends the information of the sparse spreading matrix on the multicast control information;

specifically, the BM-SC may send the information of the sparse spreading matrix to the terminal device on the multicast control channel, that is, the information of the sparse spreading matrix may be carried and sent on the multicast control information. Possible standard embodiments thereof may be as follows:

the SpreadingMatrixConfiguration indicates that the BM-SC sends the sparse extension matrix to the terminal equipment.

605, the network device allocates corresponding service data to a data stream corresponding to the group identification information of each group of terminal devices;

in particular, the service may include a broadcast service. It should be understood that the BM-SC may allocate the service data to the data flow corresponding to the identification information of each group of terminal devices. For example, the service data required by the third group of terminal devices 3 is allocated to the second data stream (S)₂) A third data stream (S)₃) And a fourth data stream (S)₄) The above.

606, the network device performs channel coding on the data stream after service distribution;

specifically, Forward Error Correction (FEC) coding may be used for channel coding, and for example, Turbo coding may be used for channel coding. Accordingly, correspondingly, the channel decoding at the receiving end may adopt corresponding Turbo decoding. It should be understood that the channel coding method is not limited in the embodiments of the present invention.

607, the network device sparsely encodes the channel-coded data stream;

specifically, the process of performing sparse coding on the data stream after the service is allocated by the BM-SC may be as follows:

step 1, modulating each data stream to obtain a modulation symbol;

step 2, mapping the modulation symbols to a multivariate Galois GF (q) field;

optionally, as another embodiment, the order of the gf (q) domain may take the modulation order and the maximum value of the non-zero elements in the sparse spreading matrix, i.e. q ═ max (m, n), where m is the modulation order and n is the maximum value of the non-zero elements in the sparse spreading matrix.

And 3, carrying out expansion coding on the data stream according to the sparse expansion matrix to obtain an expansion symbol.

Specifically, each data stream is assigned a corresponding spreading sequence. The modulation symbol is multiplied by non-zero elements in the spreading sequence, and the operation is defined in a GF (q) field, so that the spreading symbol can be obtained.

Step 4, respectively carrying out constellation point mapping on the effective symbols in the extended symbols to obtain corresponding code words;

and 5, overlapping the code words of different data streams and mapping the code words to the resource units.

The LDS scheme or SCMA scheme may be used in the procedure 607, and the LDS scheme and the SCMA scheme are respectively described in detail below.

Taking the first data stream as an example, the BM-SC may perform sparse coding based on the LDS scheme as follows:

in particular, here the mapping is only for s₁₁，s₁₂And carrying out constellation point mapping to generate a code word. At this time, the order of the constellation point is q, and the number of the generated constellation point patterns is N_q＝q²I.e. the number of codewords. In order to avoid collision of codewords between different data streams, the codewords obtained from each data stream need to undergo phase rotation. Suppose a first data stream (S)₁) The phase rotation factor is that the code word after phase rotation is x₁＝[0 x₁₁ 0 x₁₂]^TWherein x is_1j＝s_1j·r₁。N_dataA constant representing a distinguishing phase rotation factor,can be defined according to the number of data streams, and the value of i is from 0 to N_data。

In the above description, the data stream is spread-coded and then adopts the LDS scheme, i.e. the non-fixed code scheme. Optionally, as another embodiment, an SCMA scheme may be adopted in the embodiment of the present invention. The BM-SC may allocate a fixed codebook to each data stream, where the codebook includes codewords required for constellation point mapping, and the codebooks of all data streams form a codebook set.

It should be understood that, as can be seen from the sparse spreading matrix described above, the number of non-zero elements per column is 2, and the number of non-zero elements per row is 3. That is, the column weight d of the sparse spreading matrix described above_vLine weight d 2_f3. Alternatively, as another embodiment, the column weight and row weight of the sparse spreading matrix in the embodiment of the present invention may be non-constant, i.e. d_vAnd d_fThe value of (a) is not constant.

Specifically, the row weight and column weight of the sparse spreading matrix are constant. If the modulation scheme is QPSK, taking the first group of data streams as an example, the process of BM-SC performing sparse coding based on the LDS scheme may be as follows:

step 1, the modulation order is m-4, the modulation symbol after the first group of data streams is modulated is a, and a contains two bits of information;

step 3, performing expansion coding on the first group of data streams according to the sparse expansion matrix;

in particular, here the mapping is only for s₁₁，s₁₂，s₁₃And carrying out constellation point mapping to generate a code word. At this time, the order of the constellation point is q, and the number of the generated constellation point patterns is N_q＝q³I.e. the number of codewords. To avoid coding between different data streamsFor the collision of words, the code word obtained from each data stream needs to be subjected to phase rotation. Suppose a first data stream (S)₁) The phase rotation factor is that the code word after phase rotation is x₁＝[0 x₁₁ x₁₂ x₁₃]^TWherein x is_1j＝s_1j·r₁。

And 608, the network equipment sends the data stream subjected to sparse coding to the terminal equipment.

609, the terminal equipment performs sparse decoding on the data stream after sparse coding.

Specifically, the terminal device may jointly decode the data streams through the MPA algorithm.

And 610, the terminal equipment performs channel decoding on the data stream to be decoded according to the group identification information in the sparse spreading matrix.

In particular, the channel decoding algorithm may be FEC decoding. Such as Turbo decoding. The embodiment of the present invention does not limit the channel decoding method.

611, the terminal device feeds back the updated service requirement to the network device;

and 612, the network equipment updates the sparse extension matrix according to the updated service requirement.

It should be understood that the updating process may include updating the entire sparse spreading matrix, or may modify portions of the sparse spreading matrix.

Fig. 10 is a schematic block diagram of a network device of one embodiment of the present invention. The network device 1000 of fig. 10 may implement the methods and processes of fig. 3 and 6, and will not be described in detail herein to avoid repetition. The network device 1000 shown in fig. 10 may include a processing unit 1001 and a transmitting unit 1002.

The transmitting unit 1002 may include a transmitting circuit. The processor may also be referred to as a CPU. In particular applications, the network device 1000 may be embedded in or may itself be a wireless communication device such as a mobile phone or a network device such as a network-side device, and may further include a carrier that houses transmit and receive circuitry to allow data transmission and reception between the network device 1000 and a remote location. Components that perform the functions described in the various specific products may be integrated with the processing unit 1001.

The processing unit 1001 may implement or perform the steps and logic blocks disclosed in the method embodiments of the present invention. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor. The steps of a method disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present invention may be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or may be implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor. The software module may be located in ram, flash memory, rom, prom, or eprom, registers, etc. storage media as is well known in the art.

It should be understood that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the Processing Unit 1001 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), and the Processing Unit 1001 may also be other general processors, Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, and the like. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.

In implementation, the steps of the above method may be implemented by integrated logic circuits of hardware or instructions in the form of software in the processing unit 1001. The steps of a method disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present invention may be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or may be implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor. The software module may be located in ram, flash memory, rom, prom, or eprom, registers, etc. storage media as is well known in the art.

The processing unit 1001 may generate a sparse extension matrix, and perform sparse coding on the data stream subjected to channel coding according to the sparse extension matrix, where the sparse extension matrix is used to indicate a mapping relationship between the time-frequency resource and the data stream that needs to be subjected to channel decoding by at least one group of terminal devices;

the transmitting unit 1002 may transmit the sparsely encoded data stream to at least one group of terminal devices and transmit information of the sparse spreading matrix to at least one group of terminal devices.

Optionally, as another embodiment, the sparse spreading matrix generated by the processing unit 1001 may include group identification information corresponding to at least one group of terminal devices, and at least one non-zero element in a row element/column element of the sparse spreading matrix corresponding to a data stream that needs to be channel decoded by at least one group of terminal devices is the group identification information.

Optionally, as another embodiment, the processing unit 1001 may modulate the data stream after performing channel coding to obtain a modulation symbol; mapping the modulation symbols to a multivariate galois field; carrying out spread coding on the modulation symbols according to the sparse spreading matrix to obtain spread symbols; carrying out constellation point mapping on effective symbols in the extended symbols to obtain corresponding code words; and superposing and mapping the corresponding code words to the resource units.

Optionally, as another embodiment, the order of the multivariate galois field is the maximum of the modulation order and the non-zero element in the sparse spreading matrix.

Optionally, as another embodiment, the processing unit 1001 may perform product operation on the modulation symbol and a spreading sequence corresponding to the data stream after channel coding in the sparse spreading matrix according to the sparse spreading matrix, to obtain a spreading symbol.

Optionally, as another embodiment, the information of the sparse spreading matrix may be carried in multicast control information for transmission.

Optionally, as another embodiment, the processing unit 1001 may further update the sparse spreading matrix according to the service requirement updated by at least one group of terminal devices.

Optionally, as another embodiment, the terminal device 1000 shown in fig. 10 may further include a receiving unit 1003, where the receiving unit 1003 receives a service request sent by each terminal device in at least one group of terminal devices; the processing unit 1001 may further generate group identification information according to the service request.

Optionally, as another embodiment, each of the terminal devices in at least one group may include at least one terminal device, and the data received by each group of terminal devices through broadcasting or multicasting is the same.

Fig. 11 is a schematic block diagram of a terminal device of one embodiment of the present invention. The terminal device 1100 of fig. 11 may implement the methods and processes of fig. 4 and 6, and will not be described in detail herein to avoid repetition. The terminal device 1100 shown in fig. 11 may include a processing unit 1101 and a receiving unit 1102.

The receiving unit 1102 may include a receiving circuit. The processor may also be referred to as a CPU. In particular applications, terminal device 1100 may be embedded in or may itself be a wireless communication device such as a mobile phone or a network device such as a network-side device, and may further include a carrier that houses transmit and receive circuitry to allow data transmission and reception between terminal device 1100 and a remote location. The components that perform the functions in the various products may be integrated with the processing unit 1101.

The processing unit 1101 may implement or perform the steps and logic blocks disclosed in the method embodiments of the present invention. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor. The steps of a method disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present invention may be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or may be implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor. The software module may be located in ram, flash memory, rom, prom, or eprom, registers, etc. storage media as is well known in the art.

It should be understood that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the Processing Unit 1101 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), and the Processing Unit 1101 may also be other general purpose processors, Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), off-the-shelf programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, and the like. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.

In implementation, the steps of the above method may be implemented by integrated logic circuits of hardware or instructions in software in the processing unit 1101. The steps of a method disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present invention may be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or may be implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor. The software module may be located in ram, flash memory, rom, prom, or eprom, registers, etc. storage media as is well known in the art.

At least one group of terminal devices to which the terminal devices belong multiplexes the same time-frequency resource, the terminal device 1100 comprises a processing unit 1101 and a receiving unit 1102, wherein,

the receiving unit 1102 may receive a sparse extension matrix generated by the network device and a data stream obtained by performing sparse encoding on a data stream subjected to channel encoding according to the sparse extension matrix, where the sparse extension matrix is used to indicate a mapping relationship between a time-frequency resource and the data stream that needs to be subjected to channel decoding by at least one group of terminal devices;

the processing unit 1101 may decode the sparsely encoded data stream according to a sparse spreading matrix.

Optionally, as another embodiment, the sparse spreading matrix received by the receiving unit 1102 may include group identification information corresponding to at least one group of terminal devices, where at least one non-zero element in a row element or a column element of the sparse spreading matrix, which corresponds to a data stream that needs to be channel decoded by at least one group of terminal devices, is the group identification information.

Optionally, as another embodiment, the processing unit 1101 may perform sparse decoding on the data stream after performing sparse coding according to a sparse extension matrix; and performing channel decoding on the data stream corresponding to the data of the service requirement of the first terminal equipment in the data stream subjected to sparse decoding according to the group identification information in the sparse extension matrix.

Optionally, as another embodiment, the processing unit 1101 may further update the service requirement.

Optionally, as another embodiment, the terminal device shown in fig. 11 may further include a sending unit 1103, configured to send a service request to the network device, so that the network device generates the group identification information according to the service request.

Technical features of the above embodiments may be applicable to each other, for example, technical features and descriptions in a certain embodiment, and for brevity and clarity of the application document, it may be understood that the embodiments are applicable to other embodiments, and details are not described in detail in other embodiments.

It should be understood that, in various embodiments of the present invention, the sequence numbers of the above-mentioned processes do not mean the execution sequence, and the execution sequence of each process should be determined by its function and inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.

Additionally, the terms "system" and "network" are often used interchangeably herein. The term "and/or" herein is merely an association describing an associated object, meaning that three relationships may exist, e.g., a and/or B, may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.

It should be understood that in the present embodiment, "B corresponding to a" means that B is associated with a, from which B can be determined. It should also be understood that determining B from a does not mean determining B from a alone, but may be determined from a and/or other information.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the elements and algorithm steps of the examples described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied in electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the components and steps of the examples have been described in a functional general in the foregoing description for the purpose of illustrating clearly the interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.

It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.

In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may also be an electric, mechanical or other form of connection.

The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment of the present invention.

In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.

From the above description of the embodiments, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be implemented by hardware, firmware, or a combination thereof. When implemented in software, the functions described above may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a computer. Taking this as an example but not limiting: computer-readable media can include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer. Furthermore, the method is simple. Any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, a server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, a fiber optic cable, a twisted pair, a Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), or a wireless technology such as infrared, radio, and microwave, the coaxial cable, the fiber optic cable, the twisted pair, the DSL, or the wireless technology such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the fixation of the medium. Disk and disc, as used herein, includes Compact Disc (CD), laser disc, optical disc, Digital Versatile Disc (DVD), floppy Disk and blu-ray disc where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media.

In short, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

A method for transmitting information, the method being applied to a communication system comprising at least one group of terminal devices, the at least one group of terminal devices multiplexing a same time-frequency resource, the method comprising:

the network equipment generates a sparse extension matrix, wherein the sparse extension matrix is used for indicating a mapping relation between the time-frequency resource and the data stream which needs to be subjected to channel decoding by the at least one group of terminal equipment;

according to the sparse extension matrix, carrying out sparse coding on the data stream subjected to channel coding;

and sending the data stream subjected to sparse coding to the at least one group of terminal equipment and sending the information of the sparse spreading matrix to the at least one group of terminal equipment.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the sparse spreading matrix includes group identification information corresponding to the at least one group of terminal devices, and at least one non-zero element of a row element or a column element of the sparse spreading matrix corresponding to a data stream that needs to be channel decoded by the at least one group of terminal devices is the group identification information.
The method of claim 2, wherein the sparsely encoding the channel-coded data stream according to the sparse spreading matrix comprises:

modulating the data stream after channel coding to obtain a modulation symbol;

mapping the modulation symbols to a multivariate Galois field;

carrying out spread coding on the modulation symbol according to the sparse spreading matrix to obtain a spread symbol;

carrying out constellation point mapping on the effective symbols in the extension symbols to obtain corresponding code words;

and superposing and mapping the corresponding code words to resource units.
The method of claim 3, wherein the order of the multivariate Galois field is the maximum of the modulation order and the non-zero elements in the sparse spreading matrix.
The method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein said spreading and coding said modulation symbols according to said sparse spreading matrix to obtain spread symbols comprises:

and according to the sparse spreading matrix, performing product operation on the modulation symbol and a spreading sequence corresponding to the data stream subjected to channel coding in the sparse spreading matrix to obtain the spreading symbol.
The method according to any of claims 1-5, wherein the information of the sparse spreading matrix is sent in multicast control information.
The method according to any one of claims 1-6, further comprising:

and updating the sparse expansion matrix according to the service requirement updated by the at least one group of terminal equipment.
The method of any of claims 2-7, further comprising, prior to the network device generating the sparse spreading matrix:

receiving a service request sent by each terminal device in the at least one group of terminal devices;

and generating the group identification information according to the service request.
The method according to any of claims 1-8, wherein each group of terminal devices in said at least one group comprises at least one terminal device and the data received by said each group of terminal devices via broadcast or multicast is the same.
A method for transmitting information, the method being applied to a communication system comprising at least one group of terminal devices, the at least one group of terminal devices multiplexing a same time-frequency resource, the method comprising:

a first terminal device of the at least one group of terminal devices receives a sparse extension matrix generated by a network device and a data stream obtained by carrying out sparse coding on a data stream obtained after channel coding according to the sparse extension matrix, wherein the sparse extension matrix is used for indicating a mapping relation between the time-frequency resource and the data stream which needs to be subjected to channel decoding by the at least one group of terminal devices;

and decoding the data stream subjected to sparse coding according to the sparse extension matrix.
The method according to claim 10, wherein the sparse spreading matrix includes group identification information corresponding to the at least one group of terminal devices, and at least one non-zero element of a row element or a column element of the sparse spreading matrix corresponding to a data stream that needs to be channel decoded by the at least one group of terminal devices is the group identification information.
The method of claim 11, wherein said decoding said sparsely encoded data stream according to said sparse spreading matrix comprises:

according to the sparse extension matrix, carrying out sparse decoding on the data stream subjected to sparse coding;

and performing channel decoding on the data stream corresponding to the data of the service requirement of the first terminal device in the data stream subjected to sparse decoding according to the group identification information in the sparse spreading matrix.
The method according to any of claims 10-12, wherein information of the sparse spreading matrix is received in multicast control information.
The method according to any one of claims 10-13, further comprising:

and updating the service requirement.
The method according to any of claims 10-14, before the first terminal device receives the sparse spreading matrix generated by the network device and the data stream after channel coding according to the sparse spreading matrix, further comprising:

and sending a service request to the network equipment so that the network equipment can generate the group identification information according to the service request.
The method according to any of claims 10-15, wherein each group of terminal devices in said at least one group comprises at least one terminal device and the data received by each group of terminal devices via broadcast or multicast is the same.
Network device for use in a communication system comprising at least one group of terminal devices multiplexing the same time-frequency resource, the network device comprising a transmitting unit and a processing unit,

the processing unit is configured to generate a sparse extension matrix, and perform sparse coding on the data stream subjected to channel coding according to the sparse extension matrix, where the sparse extension matrix is used to indicate a mapping relationship between the time-frequency resource and the data stream that needs to be subjected to channel decoding by the at least one group of terminal devices;

the sending unit is configured to send the sparsely encoded data stream to the at least one group of terminal devices and send information of the sparse spreading matrix to the at least one group of terminal devices.
The network device according to claim 17, wherein the sparse spreading matrix generated by the processing unit includes group identification information corresponding to the at least one group of terminal devices, and at least one non-zero element in a row element or a column element of the sparse spreading matrix corresponding to a data stream that needs to be channel decoded by the at least one group of terminal devices is the group identification information.
Network device according to claim 18, wherein the processing unit is specifically configured to

Modulating the data stream after channel coding to obtain a modulation symbol;

mapping the modulation symbols to a multivariate Galois field;

carrying out spread coding on the modulation symbol according to the sparse spreading matrix to obtain a spread symbol;

carrying out constellation point mapping on the effective symbols in the extension symbols to obtain corresponding code words;

and superposing and mapping the corresponding code words to resource units.
The network device of claim 19, wherein the order of the multivariate galois field is the maximum of the modulation order and the non-zero element in the sparse spreading matrix.
Network device according to claim 19 or 20, wherein the processing unit is specifically configured to

And according to the sparse spreading matrix, performing product operation on the modulation symbol and a spreading sequence corresponding to the data stream subjected to channel coding in the sparse spreading matrix to obtain the spreading symbol.
The network device of any of claims 17-21, wherein information of the sparse spreading matrix is sent in multicast control information.
The network device according to any of claims 17-22, wherein the processing unit is further configured to update the sparse spreading matrix according to the updated traffic demand of the at least one group of terminal devices.
The network device according to any of claims 18-23, further comprising a receiving unit, configured to receive a service request sent by each terminal device in the at least one group of terminal devices; wherein,

the processing unit is further configured to generate the group identifier information according to the service request.
Network device according to any of claims 17-24, wherein each group of terminal devices of said at least one group comprises at least one terminal device and the data received by each group of terminal devices via broadcast or multicast is the same.
A terminal device is characterized in that at least one group of terminal devices belonging to the terminal device multiplexes the same time-frequency resource, the terminal device comprises a receiving unit and a processing unit,

the receiving unit is configured to receive a sparse extension matrix generated by a network device and a data stream obtained by performing sparse coding on a data stream subjected to channel coding according to the sparse extension matrix, where the sparse extension matrix is used to indicate a mapping relationship between the time-frequency resource and the data stream, which needs to be subjected to channel decoding, of the at least one group of terminal devices;

and the processing unit is used for decoding the data stream subjected to sparse coding according to the sparse extension matrix.
The terminal device of claim 26, wherein the sparse spreading matrix received by the receiving unit includes group identification information corresponding to the at least one group of terminal devices one to one, and at least one non-zero element of a row element or a column element of the sparse spreading matrix corresponding to a data stream that needs to be channel decoded by the at least one group of terminal devices is the group identification information.
Terminal device according to claim 27, wherein the processing unit is specifically configured to

According to the sparse extension matrix, carrying out sparse decoding on the data stream subjected to sparse coding;

and performing channel decoding on the data stream corresponding to the data of the service requirement of the first terminal device in the data stream subjected to sparse decoding according to the group identification information in the sparse spreading matrix.
A terminal device according to any of claims 26-28, wherein information of the sparse spreading matrix is received in multicast control information.
The terminal device according to any of claims 26-29, wherein the processing unit is further configured to update a service requirement.
The terminal device according to any of claims 26-30, further comprising a sending unit, configured to send a service request to the network device, so that the network device generates the group identification information according to the service request.
A terminal device according to any of claims 26-31, wherein each group of terminal devices in the at least one group comprises at least one terminal device and the data received by each group of terminal devices via broadcast or multicast is the same.