CN105766139B - A kind of method of millet granule processing - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of method of millet granule processing; belong to the technical field of millet sowing; the Millet Seed of sowing is carried out pelletized processing by this method; each Millet Seed is coated processing; then the Millet Seed 58 after coating is grouped together, forms seed group, then seed group is coated processing; molding millet granule is obtained, then planting with sowing machine is used to plant.It is high and neatly that sowing convenience, seed good fluidity, emergence rate are realized in such a way that this method sows millet granule, later maintenance is simple.

Description

A kind of method of millet granule processing

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical fields of cereal sowing, are related to the type of seeding of Millet Seed, and in particular to one kind The method of millet granule processing, several Millet Seed coated compositions to by way of being sowed together, the seed handled well It can be sowed using common wheat seeder or corn drill, sow 10,000 or so per acre, peasant no longer needs to carry out Additional agricultural machinery investment, planting cost are low.

Background technology

Since millet seed is small, single seed top soil energy force difference is needed to save seedling from damage using big group top soil, then be carried out again Thinning is to suitable seedling number, and time-consuming and laborious, for Xia Guqu, because being rainy season when sowing, the influence to emergence is very big, people Sowing often uses the larger amount of broadcasting, this undoubtedly increases the labor intensity of thinning, how to solve the problems, such as this, in addition to traditional big Other than the millet that amount sowing then artificial thinning, incorporation fry, mainly there are breeding and the improvement of agricultural machinery, agricultural machinery mutually to be tied with agronomy It closes, includes mainly：

1, chemical thinning

(1) kind and not Sister Lines of antiweed of anti-antiweed are cultivated, then mixing by a certain percentage, using biography The amount of broadcasting of uniting sowing, after emergence, sprays mating herbicide, kills the paddy seedling of not antiweed, to reach thinning and weeding For the few place of seedling then not spray herbicide, but often there is irregular situation of emerging in producing in purpose, and seedling is few Place grass often grow vigorous, at this moment, we just can not take into account weeding with herbicide while realizing thinning, especially exist Basic that the dilute close of paddy seedling cannot be distinguished when mechanization is sprayed, operability is not strong.And in rainwater more frequently summer, if not It can and spray at present, in this case it is still possible to cause seedling waste.

(2) Hybrid for cultivating antiweed kills not antiweed by spraying mating herbicide after seedling Pseudostationary, can also play the role of thinning, but due between true hybrid rate year border, between region there are larger difference, cause annual The amount of broadcasting it is inconsistent, peasant is not easy to grasp, therefore, often to increase the amount of broadcasting, Miao Mi human assistance thinnings again.In rainwater relatively frequency Numerous summer cannot and spray at present, and it is also possible to cause seedling waste.

(3) automatic thinning processing is sowed, general proportion by Chemical treatment seed, then with normal seed mixing It is 1：1, seed meeting natural death when three leaves after emergence that treated plays the role of automatic thinning, is not necessarily to manual intervention, In the season of a run of wet weather, there is some superiority than both the above thinning mode.In the case of normal emergence, the growth of cereal crop seedlings is more satisfactory, but The special circumstances for influencing emergence happen occasionally, therefore, still cannot the amount of broadcasting it is too small, and drug effect can be influenced by heavy rain, right Weather, edaphic condition require tighter.

2, precision drilling

(1) drilling, the tradition amount of broadcasting is 1kg/ mus, using precision seeder although 0.2kg/ mus or so can be transferred to the amount of broadcasting, Actually due to the influence of weather, soil etc., number of emerging it is difficult to ensure that, therefore, general precision drilling be 0.5kg/ mu, theory Seedling number is about 140,000 or so (bud rates 85%), and it is 50,000 or so that desired mu, which stays seedling number, and therefore, the later stage still needs between carrying out largely Seedling.

(2) bunch planting may be implemented group's top soil and save the purpose that seedling does not have to thinning from damage substantially by control seed number per, cave number, And film covering function can be increased in bunch planting, there is prodigious facilitation for drought-resistant agriculture.

Currently, either precision planter or hill-drop drill, still without ripe type, and higher price, popularity rate is very low, Using common wheat, corn drill, because seed-grain is too small, application rate is difficult to control again, and the uniformity is very poor, can not advise at all It is applied in modelling production, machinery has become the serious big factor for restricting millet industry development.

Therefore, research one kind is not limited by seeding machinery, and rational foxtail millet sowing method of emerging, and is sent out millet industrialization Exhibition is of great practical significance.

Invention content

The present invention is to solve in the prior art, to be restricted at seeding time for light weight, small Millet Seed, is planted Time-consuming and laborious the problem of being supervised is needed after plant, provides a kind of millet granule method of sowing, is realized and is sowed convenient, seed Good fluidity, emergence rate are high and neat, and later maintenance is simple.

The present invention be realize its purpose the technical solution adopted is that：

A kind of method of millet granule processing, carries out pelletized processing, by each millet by the Millet Seed of sowing Seed is coated processing, and then Millet Seed 5-8 after coating is grouped together, and forms seed group, then by seed group It is coated processing, obtains molding millet granule, then planting with sowing machine is used to plant.

A kind of method of millet granule processing, the preparation of molding millet granule include the following steps：

A, Millet Seed Cotton seeds：The seed of selection is coated with film forming agent, the Millet Seed after being coated；

B, preliminary granulation：Millet Seed after the coating that step A is obtained controls Millet Seed grain number, group by grain control machine It is combined together, forms seed group, seed pellets then are made with granulating agent in seed group, dries, obtains preliminary millet granule；

C, it is molded the preparation of millet granule：The preliminary millet granule that step B is obtained is placed in the Pelleting Machine of rotation, Xiang Qi Then middle penetrating film forming agent adds pellet powder and carries out rotation Pelleting, dally 5-8min later；Continue to spray into film forming thereto Then agent adds pellet powder and carries out rotation Pelleting, repeat the operation for spraying into film forming agent-addition pellet powder rotation Pelleting, Until the diameter of millet granule reaches 5-8mm, obtained millet granule is then coated processing, obtains molding millet group Grain.The purpose of idle running is to increase hardness, density, and make regular shape, reduces the material amounts in later stage, facilitates storage and transportation, be only arranged Dally 5-8min after feeding for the first time, can make granule basic forming, and have certain hardness, facilitate the processing in later stage, time Less than 5 minutes, hardness increased unobvious, and kind of rate is dissipated when post-production and is increased；Overlong time causes productivity to reduce, and works as hardness After increasing to a certain extent, even if extending the time again, the increased amplitude very little of hardness is increased input in vain.

The polyvinyl alcohol that the film forming agent is a concentration of 0.2%.

The granulating agent includes that weight ratio is (15-20)：100 film forming agent and filler material, controls the aqueous of granulating agent Measure 60-70%, material and seed can be made preferably to bond and be molded, and be easy drying, if water content is higher than 70% at Type is difficult and is not easy to dry, and cannot be unable to molding bonded well less than 60%.

The dosage of filler material is 5-6 times of Millet Seed weight, is (18-22) including weight ratio：(0.8-1.2)： Laterite, turfy soil and the vermiculite of (0.8-1.2).

In step C, the weight ratio of film forming agent and pellet powder is (15-20)：100, the amount of pelletized powder is added every time It is 0.8-1.2 times of preliminary millet granule weight.

The pellet powder includes the desinsection of the fungicide of 0.5-0.6%, 0.5-0.6% by weight percentage Agent, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.2-0.5%, surplus are attapulgite.The fungicide is 35% metalaxyl：40% seed dressing is double to press Weight ratio 1:2 mixing, controlling disease cannot then be played the role of well by reducing dosage, and kind can be seriously affected by arbitrarily increasing dosage The bud rate of son, and increase cost；The insecticide is containing one or more in phoxim, carbofuran, thimet, imidacloprid Mixing powder.

In step C, obtained millet granule is coated processing with talcum powder, after drying, then with colorant carries out table Face colouring obtains molding millet granule after dry.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：

1, by pelletized treated the Millet Seed of the present invention, the native ability in group top is played, one broadcasts full stand；2, by this Pelletized treated Millet Seed is invented, precise hole sowing can be realized using seeding machineries such as traditional corn, cottons, be not necessarily to It develops or is sowed using special machinery, greatly reduce sowing difficulty, reduce production cost, especially for arid It is with the obvious advantage when being sowed on regional film；3, treatment process of the invention, medicament are not directly contacted with seed, reduce medicament to seed Injury, while medicament can be made largely to concentrate on around seed, not only can preferably play drug effect but also can reduced to environment Pollution；4, by the present invention treated Millet Seed, accurate and flexibly adjustable per granule number, after planting, emergence is uniform, subtracts Being short of seedling of later stage, the labor intensity of close stand are lacked.

Filler material plays an important role in the present invention, is analyzed from operability, and laterite, turfy soil, vermiculite raw material are easy to get, And cost is relatively low.Laterite is easy moulding, is conducive to the operation in later stage due to having preferable hardness and viscosity；By long-term Creative research is found, since porosity is small, is unfavorable for outside moisture after the distributing and plant of internal moisture in processing procedure Into, and itself has certain alkalinity, and millet seedling is very poor to saline and alkaline resistance, therefore, it is necessary to be improved, this method The method that turf and potassium dihydrogen phosphate neutralize, vermiculite buffering is combined is taken, using (18-22)：(0.8-1.2)：(0.8-1.2) (preferably 20：1：1) ratio increases porosity, while realizing normal molding, is conducive to the preservation of seed and the sprouting in later stage.When Proportions are more than (18-22)：(0.8-1.2)：It is excessively solid when (0.8-1.2), it is unfavorable for the disengaging of moisture, is unfavorable for drying Dry and germination, when proportions are less than (18-22)：(0.8-1.2)：Not easily molded when (0.8-1.2), post-production dissipates group Rate obviously increases, and cost is higher.

Water content 15-20% can make material preferably bond and be molded with seed, and be easy drying, if water content It higher than 20% difficult forming and is not easy to dry, molding bonded cannot be unable to well less than 15%.

The dosage of fungicide and insecticide is 0.5-0.6%, fungicide and insecticide amount ratio 1:1, it can play very well Effect, while again will not to seedling generate murder by poisoning.It analyzes, can be disintegrated rapidly after the water suction of granule seed, medicament meeting from principle Being deposited in around root system for long period, plays the role of sterilization and insect prevention, because after pellet processing, seed Relatively centralized is applied Fungicide and insecticide also Relatively centralized, therefore dosage must be strictly controlled, dosage is excessive, causes poisoning, too small and rise Less than due effect.

Potassium dihydrogen phosphate is as a kind of compound fertilizer, and soluble easily in water, accessory ingredient is few, and nutrients release is uniform, and the time is long, to kind Son does not generate murder by poisoning.Because after pellet processing, seed Relatively centralized, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate also Relatively centralized, therefore use of application Amount must be strictly controlled, and usage amount is the 0.2-0.5% of grain weight, crop root can be made flourishing, resistance increases, dosage mistake Greatly, seedlings root can be caused impaired, influence absorption function, dosage is too small, to the effect unobvious of plant.

Specific implementation mode

In the present invention, laterite has a characteristic that intensity is high, hardness is big, porosity is small, pH 8.14, meta-alkalescence, when disintegration Between it is long, be used as preliminary plastotype；Turfy soil unit weight is low, and porosity is big, there is a large amount of plant residue, and the content of organic matter is high, and pH is 6.04 slant acidity；Vermiculite has the multiple actions such as fertilizer conservation, water conservation, water storage, ventilative and mineral fertilizer, has good cation Exchangeability and adsorptivity may also function as certain cushioning effect, and fertilizer slow release, vermiculite in plant growth medium is made may be used also The elements such as K, Mg, Ca, the Fe itself contained and micro Mn, Cu, Zn are provided to crop, are conducive to the raising of crop yield, Crop yield can be made to improve 15-20%.With reference to specific implementation case, the present invention is further illustrated.

One, the method for millet granule processing

Embodiment 1

For handling 10 kilograms of seeds, millet variety：Weighing apparatus paddy No. 13.

(1) preparation of film forming agent:It takes a certain amount of polyvinyl alcohol to be added in a certain amount of hot water, is added while stirring, It is configured to a concentration of 0.2% polyvinyl alcohol film forming agent.

(2) preparation of filler material：By laterite, turfy soil, vermiculite natural air drying, machinery is ground, and it is 1mm that three, which is crossed aperture, Soil sieve, reject the Organic residues such as plant roots leaf, then respectively take three's 50kg, 2.5kg, 2.5kg mixing.

(3) preparation of granulating agent：8.5 kilograms of prepared film forming agent in (1) is added in filler material (2) middle preparation, It stirs evenly.

(4) preparation of pellet powder：Including attapulgite, fungicide, insecticide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate etc..Wherein insecticide To contain phoxim 60g；The fungicide is 35% metalaxyl 20g, the 40% double 40g of seed dressing；Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 30g, attapulgite 50kg, and be uniformly mixed.The dosage of pellet powder is 5-6 times of sowing Millet Seed weight.

(5) preparation of preliminary millet granule：Seed after selected is sent into seed-coating machine, uses prepared film forming in (1) Agent is coated, and is sent after natural air drying to grain control machinery, the grain number for determining every is 5 (per the determination of granule number with seed bud Rate, every cave strain number are foundation.It is 86% to measure bud rate in advance, plants hill spacing 20mm*30mm, stays 40,000 plants of seedling per acre, then every need It is about 5 to want seed number, per acre with kind of about 1.1 ten thousand granule seeds).

Seed is disposably sent by conveying device to spherical mold, every 5 are grouped together, and form seed Group, it is then that the granulating agent prepared in seed group and (2) is compressed together, seed pellets are formed, are then dried, temperature control exists 30-40 degree obtains preliminary millet granule.

(6) it is molded the preparation of millet granule：Preliminary millet granule is placed in the Pelleting Machine of rotation, Pelleting Machine rotating speed is every It 40 turns of minute, then sprays into a certain amount of film forming agent solution thereto first, seed is made to show to moisten, but not stick to each other；So Pellet powder 10kg is added afterwards, forms the small ball centered on preliminary millet granule, dallies 7 minutes, to increase intensity；It sprays again Enter film forming agent, powder is added, so alternately operates continuously；Film forming agent solution is repeatedly sprayed in granule the surface of the seed, repeatedly uses ball Grain powder carries out mixing coating, and by the excessively upper round-hole mesh that aperture is 8.0mm, lower aperture is 5.0mm of the seed-grain after coating, collects The millet granule of round-hole mesh stage casing diameter, the too small millet granule of diameter repeat to rotate above granulation process.

The millet granule of the grain size 5-8mm of collection is coated with talcum powder, promotes drying, keeps its surface smooth, under convenient The processing of one step, the seed handled well are sent into drying equipment and are dried, spray warning coloration mucus and (take the film forming agent in (1) and police It is 1000 to guard against color pigment famille rose ratio:3), rotation coating is carried out surface coloring and is obtained finally with 30-40 DEG C of hot-air seasoning To molding pellet seed-grain, it is fitted into ventilative seed packet and preserves, guard against damp.

Embodiment 2

(1) preparation of film forming agent, the preparation of filler material are identical as the scheme of embodiment 1.

(2) preparation of granulating agent：9.6 kilograms of the filler material prepared in (1) and film forming agent, stir evenly.

(3) preparation of pellet powder：It is identical as the scheme of embodiment 1.

(4) preparation of preliminary millet granule：Seed after selected is sent into seed-coating machine, uses prepared film forming in (1) Agent is coated, and is sent after natural air drying to grain control machinery, the grain number that every is determined according to seed bud rate, per cave strain number is 6；

Seed is disposably sent by conveying device to spherical mold, every 6 are grouped together, and form seed Group, it is then that the granulating agent prepared in seed group and (2) is compressed together, seed pellets are formed, are then dried, temperature control exists 35 DEG C, obtain preliminary millet granule.

(5) it is molded the preparation of millet granule：Preliminary millet granule is placed in the Pelleting Machine of rotation, Pelleting Machine rotating speed is every It 40 turns of minute, then sprays into a certain amount of film forming agent solution thereto first, seed is made to show to moisten, but not stick to each other；So Pellet powder 12kg is added afterwards, forms the small ball centered on preliminary millet granule, dallies 6 minutes, to increase intensity；It sprays again Enter film forming agent, powder is added, so alternately operates continuously；Film forming agent solution is repeatedly sprayed in granule the surface of the seed, repeatedly uses ball Grain powder carries out mixing coating, and by the excessively upper round-hole mesh that aperture is 8.0mm, lower aperture is 5.0mm of the seed-grain after coating, collects The millet granule of round-hole mesh stage casing diameter, the too small millet granule of diameter repeat to rotate above granulation process.

The millet granule of the grain size 5-8mm of collection is coated with talcum powder, promotes drying, keeps its surface smooth, under convenient The processing of one step, the seed handled well are sent into drying equipment and are dried, spray warning coloration mucus and (take the film forming agent in (1) and police It is 1000 to guard against color pigment famille rose ratio:3), rotation coating is carried out surface coloring and is obtained into finally with 40 DEG C of hot-air seasoning The pellet seed-grain of type, is fitted into seed packet and preserves, guard against damp.

Embodiment 3

(1) preparation of film forming agent, the preparation of filler material are identical as the scheme of embodiment 1.

(2) preparation of granulating agent：10.7 kilograms of the filler material prepared in (1) and film forming agent, stir evenly.

(3) preparation of pellet powder：It is identical as the scheme of embodiment 1.

(4) preparation of preliminary millet granule：Seed after selected is sent into seed-coating machine, uses prepared film forming in (1) Agent is coated, and is sent after natural air drying to grain control machinery, the grain number that every is determined according to seed bud rate, per cave strain number is 7；

Seed is disposably sent by conveying device to the mold of oblong, every 7 are grouped together, and form seed Group, it is then that the granulating agent prepared in seed group and (2) is compressed together, seed pellets are formed, are then dried, temperature control exists 30 DEG C, obtain preliminary millet granule.

(5) it is molded the preparation of millet granule：Preliminary millet granule is placed in the Pelleting Machine of rotation, Pelleting Machine rotating speed is every 40 turns of minute, rotating speed is that the sprinkling with film forming agent matches, and rotating speed cannot adhere to pellet powder, the group of easily causing in time slowly excessively Stick to each other between grain, and can make inside runny infiltration granule, it is unfavorable for the drying of seed；If rotating speed mistake Soon, the bonding of pellet powder can be caused irregular, granule regular shape is deteriorated, and influences final granule effect；Then first to A certain amount of film forming agent solution is wherein sprayed into, seed is made to show to moisten, but not stick to each other；Then pellet powder 15kg is added, The small ball centered on preliminary millet granule is formed, is dallied 8 minutes, to increase intensity；Film forming agent is sprayed into again, and powder is added, So alternately operate continuously；Film forming agent solution is repeatedly sprayed in granule the surface of the seed, repeatedly carries out mixing coating with pellet powder, And by the excessively upper round-hole mesh that aperture is 8.0mm, lower aperture is 5.0mm of the seed-grain after coating, collect the paddy of round-hole mesh stage casing diameter Sub- granule, the too small millet granule of diameter repeat to rotate above granulation process.

The millet granule of the grain size 5-8mm of collection is coated with talcum powder, promotes drying, keeps its surface smooth, under convenient The processing of one step, the seed handled well are sent into drying equipment and are dried, spray warning coloration mucus and (take the film forming agent in (1) and police It is 1000 to guard against color pigment famille rose ratio:3), rotation coating is carried out surface coloring and is obtained into finally with 35 DEG C of hot-air seasoning The pellet seed-grain of type, is fitted into seed packet and preserves, guard against damp.

Two, pellet kind of millet of the present invention and common seed contrast test

(1) measurement of seed quality

1 method for measuring disintegration time

It selects uniform 50 pellet seeds to be put into beaker, adds water 1000mL, it is to be seen to arrive pellet with manual time-keeping (one is tactile i.e. broken), as disintegration time when seed water swelling becomes very loose.

The measurement of 2 seed qualification rates

100 granule seeds are taken at random, it is complete with water dissolution, measure the average group for containing 5 ± 1 seeds in each granule Grain number is denoted as qualification rate with the ratio of total granule number.

Seed Germination Test in Room 3

It chooses the molding millet granule of the present invention of size even one and does not add naked seed of processing, wherein naked seed 5 one Cave carries out bunch planting, as control.Seed is broadcast in the germination box for filling wet sand, seed level 1cm, 4 rows is sowed per box, often row 10 Grain, 3 repetitions.Each processing be placed in 25 (± 2) DEG C artificial intelligence illumination box, the water-holding capacity of 60%-70%, 12h/d light According to, daily same time observe seed sprouting number, come up with 50% and be denoted as the seeding stage, the interval in seeding stage and sowing time Number of days is denoted as emergence number of days, calculates the germination percentage of seed：

Germination percentage (%)=(normal chitting piece number/experiment seed sum) × 100

The measurement of 1 seed quality of table

By table 1 as it can be seen that the Mean disintegration time of the molding millet granule of the present invention is 105.2s, qualification rate 100% is real In the test of border, the proportion containing 5 seeds is 99.2%, it is seen that the accuracy of Li Kong mechanisms.Number of days emerge than naked seed 2 days evenings, but emergence rate is higher than naked seed, because of the addition of the various materials of granulation process, seed is wrapped up layer by layer, increases grain Diameter extends the time of seed water suction, so, it is slightly more late than naked seed seedling-growing time occur, but after 10 days, there is no Significant difference.

(2) field trial

It takes molding millet granule of the invention and untreated naked seed to be tested, is pair with the conventional drilling of naked seed According to, each test process random alignment, 3 repetitions, plot area 12m², line-spacing 0.3m, away from 20cm, mu stays seedling number 4 for strain (cave) Ten thousand.Experiment is located at the tested station of agriculture section of Hebei province dry farming and carries out, and soil is laterite, middle fertility, each non-basal dressing of processing. On June 14th, 2014 is sowed.

Conventional seed planting carries out thinning in the 3-4 leaf phases, and 5 leaf phases carried out final singling according to staying seedling number.The molding millet of the present invention Granule does not do a final singling processing.

Record content：

1 seeding stage：Seedling cat ear is unfolded rough leaf to expose leaf sheath to be emergence.Each kind cell number of emerging is estimated to account for entirely Date when the 50% of number of emerging is answered in area, to indicate the moon, day.

2 heading stages：It is heading when sword-like leave sheath has been extracted at the main fringe tip of plant out, the range estimation heading Shuo Zhan whole districts should ear number 50% date, to indicate the moon, day.

3 maturity periods：Occupy the color when grain of 90% or more main fringe within the scope of sample has shown original kind maturation, and paddy It it is the maturity period, to indicate the moon, day when intragranular inclusion is hard in powdery.

4 breeding times：It counted from the same day of emergence, to the number of days stopped day in maturity period, is indicated with number of days.

5 plant heights：After plant strain growth sizing, 10 plants of investigation are sampled, using the height of tillering node to fringe base portion as plant height, with " li Rice " indicates.

6 grain weight per panicles：10 plants of sampling, (counting its grain ear number) threshing, which is weighed, is averaged it, is indicated with " gram ".It is (flat with grain ear number Equal：Gram/fringe).

7 mass of 1000 kernel：Claim 2 grams of grain, count its grain number, in triplicate, takes close two number to be averaged it, be converted into mass of 1000 kernel, with " gram " indicates.

8 yield of kernels：When the grain ear harvested in cell is air-dried to constant weight, threshing is weighed, and be converted to respectively kilogram/ 13.34 square metres and kilogram/666.7 square metres.

9 lodging resistances：During millet gives birth to, each kind lodging degree of range estimation after wind and rain disaster and before ripe, lodge face Lodging property is divided into 5 grades, is indicated respectively with 0,1,2,3,4 by product, the recovery situation after lodging and the influence to yield.

0 grade：It without lodging symptom or is slightly tilted, but can restore quickly uprightly on yield without influence.

1 grade：Angle of inclination≤30 °, lodging area 15%, have minimal effect to yield.

2 grades：Inclination angle≤45 ° 30o, lodging area are 30% or more, are had an impact to yield.

3 grades：Inclination angle≤60 ° 45o, lodging area are 50% or more, have larger impact to yield.

4 grades：60 ° of inclination angle or more, lodging area is 50% or more, and Severe Reduction.

Lodging position and growing stage are specified when investigation.Pay attention to lodging and being good for caused by the insect pests such as borer and human factor The difference of strain lodging.

10 diseases：Develop peak period in disease, each cell meter of sampling survey produces line number, according to different diseases, respectively with disease Strain, sick leaf rate and the serious rate of disease indicate.

The types disease such as poliosis, brown streak, nematodiasis, virosis, is indicated with diseased plant rate.Diseased plant rate (%)=morbidity Stem number ÷ samples stem number × 100

Paddy rust：In disease full incidence period, estimates each kind diseased plant rate and serious rate is recorded respectively, serious rate point five Grade, is indicated with " 0 ", " 1 ", " 2 ", " 3 ", " 4 " respectively：

0 grade：Complete stool blade is disease-free spot (highly resistance)；

1 grade：Plant lower blade has fragmentary scab (anti-)；

2 grades：Blade has middle amount scab, lower blade to have withered (moderate resistance) in the middle part of plant；

3 grades：Upper blade has middle amount scab, middle part blade to have withered (sense)；

4 grades：Upper blade has volume scab, complete stool substantially withered (double infection).

Millet blast：In disease full incidence period, range estimation scab accounts for the percentage of total leaf area, divide Pyatyi with " 0 ", " 1 ", " 2 ", " 3 ", " 4 " indicate：

0 grade：Plant blade face is disease-free shape (highly resistance)；

1 grade：Scab accounts for 10% or less (anti-) of leaf area；

2 grades：Scab accounts for the 11%-25% (moderate resistance) of leaf area；

3 grades：Scab accounts for the 26%-40% (sense) of leaf area；

4 grades：Scab accounts for 41% of leaf area or more (double infection).

Banded sclerotial blight：Quasi- record up to standard is pressed to be divided into Pyatyi in the investigation of grouting middle and later periods, indicate with 0,1,2,3,4 respectively：

0 grade：Without disease symptom (highly resistance)；

1 grade：Stem stem 1-2 piece leaf leaf sheaths have wheel line shape scab (anti-)；

2 grades:Stem overground part 3-5 piece leaf leaf sheaths have wheel line shape scab (moderate resistance)；

3 grades：6 above leaf sheaths of leaf of stem overground part have wheel line shape scab (sense)；

4 grades：Complete stool leaf sheath occurs taking turns line shape scab (double infection).

11 insect pests：Unbearable stem of damaging by worms is referred mainly to, 100 plants are investigated before maturation, calculates the percentage that moth stem strain accounts for total strain number.

2 economical character of table, economic conditions summary sheet

3 resistance summary sheet of table

4 yield summary sheet of table

As can be seen that the molding millet granule of the present invention is compared with naked seed, 4 days evenings of seedling-growing time, this and laboratory test As a result consistent.Difference of them becomes smaller after to heading stage and maturity period, and breeding time is without significant difference, the molding millet granule of the present invention Tufted is grown, and growing way is healthy and strong, but the growth between individual shows otherness；Plant height is slightly above naked seed, and increment is larger；The present invention Molding millet granule pest and disease damage is lighter；The molding millet granule Ear weight of the present invention is larger, yield has increase.Simultaneously with routine Sowing is compared, and the molding millet granule of the present invention eliminates the working strength of thinning, and only this item can save artificial 2.5 per acre It is a, and in the case of mulch sowing, advantageously, naked seed obviously can not be achieved the molding millet granule of the present invention.

(3) multiple spot is demonstrated

Small area demonstration having been carried out Hengshui, Xingtai, kind is weighing apparatus paddy No. 13, uniformly sprays " Gu You " before broadcasting rear seedling more Or 100-120 grams/acre of " grain is more ", mating herbicide is sprayed after seedling and carries out kill monocotyledon weed, with " dimethyl tetrachloride sodium " 150 Gram/acre prevent and kill off broad leaved weed, respectively spray time prevention paddy pest of Mancozeb or Isoprothiolane before and after neat fringe, it is ripe after using improvement Combine harvester is harvested.

5 demonstration effect of table

Compared with traditional drilling, yield increases, and it is pellet after seed seedlings are uniform and strong, it is basic to can be achieved one and broadcast Full stand, without carrying out artificial thinning again, the percentage of earbearing tiller can be improved 5% or more, and be enhanced on lodging resistance.Especially for agriculture It for the people, can easily be sowed using corn drill, do not need to buy expensive precision planter, in the mulch sowing area of arid Then advantage becomes apparent in domain.

The present invention provides a kind of millet granule types of seeding, and pelletized processing is carried out to millet, through hydrone, increase Drought resisting, disease-resistant, lodging tolerance are smoothly emerged, and pelletized seed has the function of water suction, are suitble to upper seeding, compare naked grain kind Son significantly improves the shallow emergence rate of millet and whole it considerably lowers earthing unevenness, or the risk of lid not soil loading in contrast Qi Du, 20-30% can be improved in year-on-year naked grain seeding ratio, while reducing sowing quantity 50%-70%；The present invention is by seed pellet Change forms certain diameter, and current seeding machinery can be utilized to implement singling away from precision drilling, sowing quantity is significantly decreased, subtract The recruitment of millet thinning is lacked；In short, the present invention is by the pelletized technology of integrated use, sowing seeds technology, in Growth of Millet Different links synergistic effect, realize the high-yield culturing of Millet Seed.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of method of millet granule processing, pelletized processing is carried out by the Millet Seed of sowing, it is characterised in that：Molding Millet granule preparation, include the following steps：

A, Millet Seed Cotton seeds：The Millet Seed of selection is coated with film forming agent, the Millet Seed after being coated；

B, preliminary granulation：Millet Seed after the coating that step A is obtained controls Millet Seed grain number by grain control machine, 5-8 It is grouped together, forms seed group, seed pellets then are made with granulating agent in seed group, dries, obtains preliminary millet granule；

C, it is molded the preparation of millet granule：The preliminary millet granule that step B is obtained is placed in the Pelleting Machine of rotation, is sprayed thereto Enter film forming agent, then adds pellet powder and carry out rotation Pelleting, dally 5-8min later；Continuation sprays into film forming agent thereto, Then it adds pellet powder and carries out rotation Pelleting, repeat the operation for spraying into film forming agent-addition pellet powder rotation Pelleting, until The diameter of millet granule reaches 5-8mm, and obtained millet granule is then coated processing, obtains molding millet granule, Then planting with sowing machine is used to plant；

The granulating agent includes that weight ratio is (15-20)：100 film forming agent and filler material；

The dosage of filler material is 5-6 times of Millet Seed weight, is (18-22) including weight ratio：(0.8-1.2)：(0.8- 1.2) laterite, turfy soil and vermiculite.

2. a kind of method of millet granule processing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The film forming agent is concentration For 0.2% polyvinyl alcohol.

3. a kind of method of millet granule processing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step C, film forming agent and ball The weight ratio of grain powder is (15-20)：100, the amount that pelletized powder is added every time is the 0.8-1.2 of preliminary millet granule weight Times.

4. a kind of method of millet granule processing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The pellet powder, is pressed Weight percent meter, including it is the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of the insecticide of the fungicide of 0.5-0.6%, 0.5-0.6%, 0.2-0.5%, remaining Amount is attapulgite.

5. a kind of method of millet granule processing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step C, the paddy that will obtain Sub- granule is coated processing with talcum powder, after drying, then carries out surface coloring after dry with colorant and obtains molding paddy Sub- granule.