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CN105675545A - High-sensitivity intensity detection method based on self-interference type micro resonator cavity light sensor - Google Patents

High-sensitivity intensity detection method based on self-interference type micro resonator cavity light sensor Download PDF

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CN105675545A
CN105675545A CN201610026981.6A CN201610026981A CN105675545A CN 105675545 A CN105675545 A CN 105675545A CN 201610026981 A CN201610026981 A CN 201610026981A CN 105675545 A CN105675545 A CN 105675545A
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micro
waveguide
resonant cavity
light
coupled
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CN105675545B (en
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任宏亮
卢瑾
刘恺
乐孜纯
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Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/41Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length
    • G01N21/45Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length using interferometric methods; using Schlieren methods
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/41Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length
    • G01N21/45Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length using interferometric methods; using Schlieren methods
    • G01N2021/458Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length using interferometric methods; using Schlieren methods using interferential sensor, e.g. sensor fibre, possibly on optical waveguide

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Abstract

The invention provides a high-sensitivity intensity detection method based on a self-interference type micro resonator cavity light sensor. An emergent frequency spectrum is similar to the frequency spectrum of a single waveguide which is coupled to the micro-ring resonator cavity, and transmission spectrum is the frequency spectrum whose transmission valley value is periodically distributed; a substance to be detected covers the upper surface of an optical detection arm waveguide, light enters from one end of an input waveguide, coupling is carried out between the light and the micro-ring resonator cavity, and one part of light is coupled into the micro-ring resonator cavity; the other part of light emits from the other end of the input waveguide and enters the output waveguide through the optical detection arm, a part of the other part of light is coupled into the micro-ring resonator cavity again due to a coupling effect between the output waveguide and the micro-ring resonator cavity, and the part of the other part of light is interfered with the part of light which is coupled by the micro-ring resonator cavity and emits from the other end of the output waveguide; change of transmission intensity at the resonance wavelength position is tested, in order to realize high sensitivity sensing. In the prerequisite that extremely high sensitivity is maintained, requirements of high-precision frequency positioning is avoided, and cost of the test system is reduced.

Description

Based on the highly sensitive intensity detection method of self-interference type micro-resonant cavity photo-sensor
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical sensing field, especially a kind of highly sensitive intensity detection method based on self-interference type micro-resonant cavity photo-sensor.
Background technology
In recent years, the demand of the miniature transducer of low cost, highly sensitive constantly increases, especially in the material context of detection such as biochemical preparation and toxic gas. addressing that need, industry member and academia have proposed and have made the sensor of many types, and wherein optical sensing device receives much concern in numerous type sensor with its minimum size and extremely high sensitivity. many optical phenomenas as, absorption, fluorescence, radiation and refraction etc., and many optical medium structures, such as optical fiber, photonic crystal, micro-ring resonant cavity, surface plasma and grating etc., all be used to developing novel sensing mechanism to obtain good sensing effect. optical sensing utensil based on micro-ring resonant cavity has size little, highly sensitive and be easy to the advantage such as integrated with CMOS technology compatibility, it is widely used in optical sensing field, when optical waveguides effective refractive index changes along with target substance, the raw drift of the synchronous wave long hair of micro-resonant cavity, therefore change in concentration (the document 1 of target substance can be recorded by testing this wave length shift, Mario, La.Notte, BenedettoTroia, TommasoMuciaccia, CaloEdoardoCampanella, FrancescoDeLeonardisandVittoroM.N.Passaro, " Recentadvancesingasandchemicaldetectionbyverniereffect-b asedphotonicsensors ", Sensors, V.14 (3), 4831-4855 (2014), i.e. Mario, La.Notte, BenedettoTroia, TommasoMuciaccia, CaloEdoardoCampanella, FrancescoDeLeonardisandVittoroM.N.Passaro, " based on research progress in gas and chemical probing of the optical sensor of cursor effect ", sensor, V.14 (3), 4831-4855 (2014)).But, the optical sensing device based on micro-ring resonant cavity still also exists some shortcomings limiting it and further developing application. For the optical sensing device based on micro-ring resonant cavity, high sensitivity needs a sharp-pointed resonance spectrum, and its detection limit depends on the Q factor of micro-ring resonant cavity. This just requires that the transmission loss of device is low, thus improves the requirement to device making technics. Scientific research personnel proposes the optical sensing device based on cursor effect subsequently, to obtaining high sensitivity and low detection limit. In fact, only deriving from the reading method of vernier scale based on the raising of cursor effect sensitivity, its physics intrinsic sensitivity does not obtain a bit raising. Dai etc. propose a kind of micro-ring resonant cavity interfering coupling based on Mach-increasing moral, by measuring the movement of resonant wavelength, it is possible to detect about 10 with higher sensitivity-6~10-5Effective refractive index changes. But it is 10 in measurement variations in refractive index value-6Time, the wavelength amount of movement is only 0.35pm, it is necessary to detection system (patent 1, ZL200810060460.8) of a high price. In patent (patent 1, ZL200810060460.8) in, it is also proposed a certain fixed wave length measure through-put power way to measure the change of specific refractory power, but in fact due to method promise (Fano) effect produce frequency spectrum wide, there are problems in practice, such as its useful range is limited, and measure linear degree is very poor. Therefore, such as, under the prerequisite keeping high detection accuracy, it is necessary to explore new sensing mechanism effectively to reduce the detection cost of system, replace original wavelength measurement with intensity detection.
Summary of the invention
In order to require the frequency localization of very high precision, deficiency that cost of testing system is higher when overcoming the maintenance highly sensitive of existing self-interference type micro-resonant cavity photo-sensor detection method, the present invention avoids under providing a kind of prerequisite keeping pole highly sensitive requiring the frequency localization of very high precision, reducing the highly sensitive intensity detection method based on self-interference type micro-resonant cavity photo-sensor of cost of testing system.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of highly sensitive intensity detection method based on self-interference type micro-resonant cavity photo-sensor, the micro-resonant cavity photo-sensor realizing this detection comprises an input waveguide, a micro-ring resonant cavity, an output waveguide and an optical detection arm waveguide, input waveguide and output waveguide are coupled with micro-ring resonant cavity respectively, the both sides being placed in micro-ring resonant cavity, one end of input waveguide is the light source access end of whole optical sensor; It is connected with the input terminus of optical detection arm waveguide with the other end of the coupling place input waveguide of micro-ring resonant cavity at input waveguide; Being connected with one end of output waveguide at the output terminal of output waveguide with the coupling place optical detection arm waveguide of micro-ring resonant cavity, the other end of output waveguide is sensing signal outgoing end; Going out radio-frequency spectrum to have with single waveguide-coupled to the similar frequency spectrum of micro-ring resonant cavity, this transmission spectrum transmits the frequency spectrum that paddy value has periodic distribution;
Detection method is: the upper surface that measured matter covers optical detection arm waveguide, and light is incident from one end of input waveguide, is coupled with micro-ring resonant cavity, then a part is coupled into micro-ring resonant cavity; Another part is from the other end outgoing of input waveguide and enters output waveguide through optical detection arm, in this part, part light is due to the coupling between output waveguide and micro-resonant cavity, again be coupled into micro-resonant cavity, and in this part a part light interference with a part of light being coupled out in micro-ring resonant cavity after from output waveguide the other end outgoing;Highly sensitive sensing can be realized by testing the change of synchronous wave strong point intensity transmission.
Further, when measured matter specific refractory power changes, the path length of optical detection arm waveguide changes, and not only transmits the raw drift of synchronous wave long hair at paddy value place, and the intensity transmitting paddy value changes.
The technical conceive of the present invention is: when optical detection arm waveguide length meets 0.75 times that equals micro-ring resonator length, the radio-frequency spectrum that goes out of this self-interference type micro-ring resonant cavity has with single waveguide-coupled to the similar frequency spectrum of micro-ring resonant cavity, and this transmission spectrum transmits the frequency spectrum that paddy value has periodic distribution. At transmission resonance wavelength corresponding to paddy value, not only relevant with the physical length of this micro-ring resonant cavity, and relevant with input and output waveguide and the percentage coupling of micro-ring resonant cavity and the physical length of optical detection arm. Equally, the size of its transmission paddy value is also relevant with input and output waveguide and the percentage coupling of micro-ring resonant cavity and the physical length of optical detection arm. Therefore, when measured matter specific refractory power changes, the path length of optical detection arm waveguide changes, and not only transmits the raw drift of synchronous wave long hair at paddy value place, and the intensity transmitting paddy value changes. Highly sensitive sensing can be realized by testing the change of synchronous wave strong point intensity transmission.
The useful effect of the present invention is mainly manifested in: make this sensor under the prerequisite keeping extremely high detectivity, only need one the laser apparatus of frequency sweep can realize the ionization meter of high precision, avoid the frequency localization that this type of sensor needs very high precision when survey frequency moves, greatly reduce the cost of test macro.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is self-interference type micro-ring resonant cavity optical sensor structural representation.
Fig. 2 be self-interference type micro-ring resonant cavity go out radio-frequency spectrum.
The transmission paddy of Fig. 3 at wavelength X=1552nm place is with the change of input and output waveguide and micro-ring resonant cavity percentage coupling size.
The transmission paddy of Fig. 4 at wavelength X=1552nm place with during the path length subtle change of optical detection arm waveguide and the change produced.
Fig. 5 transmits the curve of normalization method intensity transmission value with optical detection arm waveguide path length subtle change of paddy at wavelength X=1552nm place.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
With reference to Fig. 1~Fig. 5, a kind of highly sensitive intensity detection method based on self-interference type micro-resonant cavity photo-sensor, the micro-resonant cavity photo-sensor realizing this detection comprises an input waveguide 1, a micro-ring resonant cavity 2, an output waveguide 3 and an optical detection arm waveguide 4, input waveguide 1 and output waveguide 3 are coupled with micro-ring resonant cavity 2 respectively, it is placed in the both sides of micro-ring resonant cavity 2, one end of input waveguide 1 is the light source access end of whole optical sensor, at the place that is coupled of input waveguide 1 with micro-ring resonant cavity 2, the other end of input waveguide 1 is connected with the input terminus of optical detection arm waveguide 4, at the place that is coupled of output waveguide 3 with micro-ring resonant cavity 2, one end of output waveguide 3 is connected with the output terminal of optical detection arm waveguide 4, the other end of output waveguide 3 is sensing signal outgoing end: goes out radio-frequency spectrum and has with single waveguide-coupled to the similar frequency spectrum of micro-ring resonant cavity, this transmission spectrum is the frequency spectrum that transmission paddy value has periodic distribution,
Detection method is: the upper surface that measured matter covers optical detection arm waveguide, and light is incident from one end of input waveguide, is coupled with micro-ring resonant cavity, then a part is coupled into micro-ring resonant cavity;Another part is from the other end outgoing of input waveguide and enters output waveguide through optical detection arm, in this part, part light is due to the coupling between output waveguide and micro-resonant cavity, again be coupled into micro-resonant cavity, and in this part a part light interference with a part of light being coupled out in micro-ring resonant cavity after from output waveguide the other end outgoing; Highly sensitive sensing can be realized by testing the change of synchronous wave strong point intensity transmission.
Further, when measured matter specific refractory power changes, the path length of optical detection arm waveguide changes, and not only transmits the raw drift of synchronous wave long hair at paddy value place, and the intensity transmitting paddy value changes.
Example: self-interference type micro-ring resonant transducer in this example, micro-ring radius R=30 μm, the then physical length L of micro-ring circumferenceR=2 π R, the physical length of optical detection arm waveguide is LW=0.75LR+ d. Fig. 2 be self-interference type micro-ring resonant cavity go out radio-frequency spectrum, now d=0.004 μm, effective refractive index neff=2.85, input waveguide and output waveguide are equal with the percentage coupling of micro-ring resonant cavity, are 0.5, the loss factor α=0.01dB/cm of optical mode formula unit length in all optical waveguides in this sensor. As can be seen from Figure 2, the radio-frequency spectrum that goes out of this self-interference type micro-ring resonant cavity has with single waveguide-coupled to the similar frequency spectrum of micro-ring resonant cavity, and this transmission spectrum transmits the frequency spectrum that paddy value has periodic distribution. Fig. 3 shows the transmission paddy at wavelength X=1552nm place with the change of input and output waveguide and micro-ring resonant cavity percentage coupling size. Fig. 4 show the transmission paddy at wavelength X=1552nm place with during the path length subtle change of optical detection arm waveguide and the change produced. This shows at transmission resonance wavelength corresponding to paddy value, not only relevant with the physical length of this micro-ring resonant cavity, and relevant with input and output waveguide and the percentage coupling of micro-ring resonant cavity and the physical length of optical detection arm. Equally, the size of its transmission paddy value is also relevant with input and output waveguide and the percentage coupling of micro-ring resonant cavity and the physical length of optical detection arm. Fig. 5 shows the curve of normalization method intensity transmission value with path length subtle change d transmitting paddy at wavelength X=1552nm place. Can obtaining the good linear lag when k=0.5,1nm < d < 2.5nm as can be seen from Figure, now measuring accuracy is about 0.1nm, and corresponding variations in refractive index is about 10-6. As k=0.15,0.85, corresponding useful range expands, but measuring accuracy decline. At k=0.9985, useful range can expand 25nm to, and measuring accuracy drops to 1nm, and corresponding variations in refractive index is about 10-5
Above-described embodiment is used for explaining explanation the present invention, instead of limits the invention, and in the spirit of the present invention and the protection domain of claim, any amendment the present invention made and change, all fall into protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. the highly sensitive intensity detection method based on self-interference type micro-resonant cavity photo-sensor, the micro-resonant cavity photo-sensor realizing this detection comprises an input waveguide, a micro-ring resonant cavity, an output waveguide and an optical detection arm waveguide, input waveguide and output waveguide are coupled with micro-ring resonant cavity respectively, the both sides being placed in micro-ring resonant cavity, one end of input waveguide is the light source access end of whole optical sensor; It is connected with the input terminus of optical detection arm waveguide with the other end of the coupling place input waveguide of micro-ring resonant cavity at input waveguide;Being connected with one end of output waveguide at the output terminal of output waveguide with the coupling place optical detection arm waveguide of micro-ring resonant cavity, the other end of output waveguide is sensing signal outgoing end; It is characterized in that: going out radio-frequency spectrum and have with single waveguide-coupled to the similar frequency spectrum of micro-ring resonant cavity, this transmission spectrum transmits the frequency spectrum that paddy value has periodic distribution;
Detection method is: the upper surface that measured matter covers optical detection arm waveguide, and light is incident from one end of input waveguide, is coupled with micro-ring resonant cavity, then a part is coupled into micro-ring resonant cavity; Another part is from the other end outgoing of input waveguide and enters output waveguide through optical detection arm, in this part, part light is due to the coupling between output waveguide and micro-resonant cavity, again be coupled into micro-resonant cavity, and in this part a part light interference with a part of light being coupled out in micro-ring resonant cavity after from output waveguide the other end outgoing; Highly sensitive sensing can be realized by testing the change of synchronous wave strong point intensity transmission.
2. as claimed in claim 1 based on the highly sensitive intensity detection method of self-interference type micro-resonant cavity photo-sensor, it is characterized in that: when measured matter specific refractory power changes, the path length of optical detection arm waveguide changes, not only transmit the raw drift of synchronous wave long hair at paddy value place, and the intensity transmitting paddy value changes.
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CN110554006A (en) * 2019-09-04 2019-12-10 中国科学技术大学 Multi-mode measurement method based on self-interference micro-ring resonant cavity sensor
CN110726689A (en) * 2019-09-26 2020-01-24 宁波大学 Micro-miniature spectral absorption type optical waveguide type mid-infrared gas sensor and application thereof
CN110849843A (en) * 2019-11-06 2020-02-28 东南大学 Silicon-based refractive index sensor based on cascading U-shaped waveguide nested micro-ring
CN111721336A (en) * 2020-03-09 2020-09-29 浙江工业大学 Self-interference micro-ring resonant cavity sensing classification identification method based on supervised learning
CN113358589A (en) * 2021-06-04 2021-09-07 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 Atomic gas chamber probe device with micro-ring resonant cavity
CN113686367A (en) * 2021-03-17 2021-11-23 广东工业大学 Sensing structure based on optical fiber coupling induced transparency, manufacturing process and sensing device
US11448085B2 (en) * 2019-11-11 2022-09-20 Raytheon Technologies Corporation Remote temperature measurement system for gas turbine engine

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CN110554006A (en) * 2019-09-04 2019-12-10 中国科学技术大学 Multi-mode measurement method based on self-interference micro-ring resonant cavity sensor
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US11448085B2 (en) * 2019-11-11 2022-09-20 Raytheon Technologies Corporation Remote temperature measurement system for gas turbine engine
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CN113358589B (en) * 2021-06-04 2022-06-28 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 Atomic air chamber probe device with micro-ring resonant cavity

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