CN105265053B - A kind of method of utilization vinasse improved soil large-scale planting blueberry - Google Patents
A kind of method of utilization vinasse improved soil large-scale planting blueberry Download PDFInfo
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- CN105265053B CN105265053B CN201510754276.3A CN201510754276A CN105265053B CN 105265053 B CN105265053 B CN 105265053B CN 201510754276 A CN201510754276 A CN 201510754276A CN 105265053 B CN105265053 B CN 105265053B
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Abstract
A kind of method of utilization vinasse improved soil large-scale planting blueberry, 1, dry vinasse to micro- dry, it is sufficiently mixed with cattle and sheep excrement, mixed proportion is weight than 45：1, banked up, fermented with pile shape after mixing, it is particle to be crushed after fermentation ends, is substrate material；2nd, substrate material is mixed with cattle and sheep excrement, laterite and Cosan, is matrix soil；3rd, substrate material and laterite are mixed into moisture in the soil face soil；4th, in soil Shang Yongshang faces, soil is paved, whole moisture in the soil；5th, tree well is being dug, matrix soil is inserted in tree well bottom；6th, plant blueberry sapling and pour permeable to below root.The present invention is greatly improved the survival rate of blueberry plantation, can also make blueberry growth fast, as a result early, fruit yield is high.It is particularly suitable for the red soil of Yunnan Province, mountain plateau red soil, yellow-red soil, red soil soil plantation blueberry.
Description
Technical field
It is specifically that one kind utilizes vinasse improved soil large-scale planting blueberry the present invention relates to the cultural method of a planting fruit-trees
Method.
Background technology
Blueberry is fibrous root system plants, is to like acid, soft, loose ventilative, moistening but not ponding, the soil rich in organic matter
If root moisture is too high will to cause dilute in middle growth, blueberry cultivation, if gas permeability deficiency will cause blueberry to burn root and indigo plant
The certain kind of berries is slow-growing.Blueberry plantation typically requires that soil pH value is generally 8% ~ 12%, the most adaptability of soil for 4.0-5.5 soil organic matter contents
Earth content of organic matter 8-10%, is at least not less than 5%.Soil property in Yunnan Province is generally red soil, mountain plateau red soil, yellow-red soil, red soil
Property soil, organic matter and nutrient are on the low side in soil property, and fertility is low, and chad is more, and soil organic matter content is often less than 5%, and soil hardening glues
Weight, is unfavorable for the root system development of blueberry.In Yunnan, the soil of most regional large-scale planting blueberry has to pass through improvement, often at present
The method for improving soil texture is the materials such as incorporation sawdust, mountain base soil, the use of more method is at present to add turf, but
Blueberry cultivation cost will be added, the soil effect for Yunnan low-heat river valley is not also obvious.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention on the low side for organic matter in the soil property of Mountainous Districts of Yunnan Province, soil organic matter content is relatively low, soil
Easily hardened situation, proposes a kind of technical scheme of the method for utilization vinasse improved soil large-scale planting blueberry.
The technical scheme is that：A kind of method of utilization vinasse improved soil large-scale planting blueberry, including vinasse
Fermentation, substrate composition, blueberry cultivation, are comprised the following steps that：
（1）Fresh vinasse is dried to micro- and done, water tariff collection is sufficiently mixed, mixing ratio in 2-30% with cattle and sheep excrement in vinasse
Example compares 4-5 for weight：1, banked up after mixing with pile shape, the section configuration of pile shape is triangle, height 1.5-2.0m, wide 4-6m.
It is 55-65% that moisture content is kept after mixing, ferments 20-60 days, every turning in 4-7 days is postponed once in heap, in being kept when depth is cured
Heart temperature moisture after 55-60 DEG C, fermentation is 2-8%, and it is that latus rectum is small that the content of organic matter, which is more than crushing after 15%, fermentation ends block,
In 4 centimetres of particles be substrate material；
（2）By step（1）10-50 parts of obtained substrate material, 5-20 parts of cattle and sheep excrement, 10-30 parts of laterite, Cosan 0.01-
0.1 part is sufficiently mixed, and described part is parts by weight, and regulation pH value is 4.0-5.5, is matrix soil；
（3）By step（1）40-75 parts with laterite of 25-60 parts of obtained substrate material is sufficiently mixed, and described part is weight
Part, regulation pH value is 4.0-5.5, is moisture in the soil face soil；
（4）Step is used on the soil after smooth（3）Obtained moisture in the soil face soil is paved, and is organized into wide 60-100cm, moisture in the soil face
20cm passageways are stayed between 20-50 centimetres of height, moisture in the soil face；
（5）The tree well that 50 centimetres of diameter, depth are more than 5-10 centimetres of tree root length is dug out in railway carriage or compartment face, is inserted in tree well bottom
5-15 centimetres of matrix soil, 1.2 meters -2.0 meters × 2.0 meters -2.5 meters of seeding row spacing；
（6）The nutritive cube outside blueberry sapling is removed, sapling is placed in planting pit, tree root is complete by the peripheral soil in cleaning root
Entirely in planting pit, step is used（2）Obtained matrix soil fills up planting pit, and root is completely covered, and stands solid with their feet, and pours in time
It is permeable to below root.
Described vinasse are spirit stillages, particularly sorghum, barley, buckwheat vinasse.
Described cattle and sheep excrement be cow dung or sheep manure, or cow dung and sheep manure any combination, its be water content 20-60%.
Typically use sawmilling, mountain base soil or the turf of plantation blueberry transform soil, and current mountain base soil, turf are can not be again
Production-goods source, price is high, and China's width original is vast, and various regions soil property composition has differences.The present invention is with having researched and analysed Yunnan
Formed after the soil in area by a large amount of Test Summaries.The present invention is to make full use of the local discarded object vinasse made wine to change with cattle and sheep excrement
Good soil, realizes large-scale planting blueberry, change over Yunnan Province plantation blueberry survival rate it is low, as a result small and few shows
Shape.The present invention is first fully to be fermented with method with specific match with vinasse and cattle and sheep excrement, as substrate material, then with substrate material and
Cattle and sheep excrement, laterite and Cosan are sufficiently mixed as matrix soil.Vinasse and cattle and sheep excrement in matrix are by fully and complete
Fermentation, granular matrix provides the nutrient required for blueberry grows, and can also make loosing soil, strengthens the saturating of blueberry root
Gas.Cattle and sheep excrement in matrix soil is smaller due to proportion, can not be fermented, can so ensure using effect
Under the premise of shorten matrix soil the making duration, reduce cost of manufacture.It is sufficiently mixed with obtained substrate material and laterite as moisture in the soil face
Soil.In matrix soil and moisture in the soil face soil organic matter and organic fertility in soil are considerably increased containing substantial amounts of substrate material.
It with moisture in the soil face soil is top layer foundation soil that the present invention, which is, and the soil is porous for this soil, is difficult hardened, and water conservation is difficult ponding again, is
Blueberry sapling survives and grown offer excellent environment.The present invention uses organic matter in matrix soil, matrix soil in kind of plant hole
Content is high, also containing a large amount of cattle and sheep excrement, the root of blueberry sapling can be made to obtain more nutrients, loose matrix soil makes blueberry
Root is easy to survive and grown.The present invention makes full use of the discarded object produced in industrial or agricultural to carry out soil improvement, makes full use of resource,
Preserve the ecological environment, can also substantially reduce cost.The inventive method science, effect substantially, is easy to operation, and the present invention can be carried significantly
The survival rate of high blueberry plantation, can also make blueberry growth fast, as a result early, fruit yield is high.It is particularly suitable for the red of Yunnan Province
Earth, mountain plateau red soil, yellow-red soil, red soil soil plantation blueberry.
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described further.
Embodiment：
Utilize method of the vinasse improved soil large-scale planting kind for the raw blueberry seedlings of magnificent 1-2, embodiment 1-5 ginsengs
Number is shown in Table 1, comprises the following steps that：
（1）Fresh vinasse is dried to micro- and done, water tariff collection is in 2-30%, particle and the less buckwheat wine of weight in vinasse
Grain moisture can be higher with content, the moisture of particle and the larger barley vinasse of weight can be relatively low with content, with do not drip for
Preferably, vinasse are sufficiently mixed with cattle and sheep excrement, and mixed proportion compares 4-5 for weight：1, banked up after mixing with pile shape, the section configuration of pile shape
For triangle, height 1.5-2.0m, wide 4-6m.It is 55-65% that moisture content is kept after mixing, ferments 20-60 days, is postponed often in heap
It is 2-8% that turning in 4-7 days, which once, when depth is cured keeps central temperature moisture after 55-60 DEG C, fermentation, detects the content of organic matter
It is substrate material more than 15%.Described vinasse are spirit stillages, particularly sorghum, barley, buckwheat vinasse.Described cattle and sheep excrement is
Cow dung or sheep manure, or cow dung and sheep manure combination, it is water content 20-50%, crushes after fermentation ends and block is less than 4 for latus rectum
Centimetre particle；
（2）By step（1）10-50 parts of obtained substrate material, 5-20 parts of cow dung, 10-30 parts of laterite, Cosan 0.01-0.1
Part is sufficiently mixed, and regulation pH value is 4.0-4.8, is matrix soil；
（3）By step（1）40-75 parts with laterite of 25-60 parts of obtained substrate material is sufficiently mixed, and regulation pH value is
4.0-4.8, is moisture in the soil face soil；
（4）Early-stage preparations：Combine pressure green manure in field planting the previous year to plough deeply, depth is advisable with 20-25cm, ploughs deeply curing, deep
Weeds should be removed when turning over, and it is smooth.In smooth rear soil upper berth moisture in the soil face soil, and it is organized into wide 60-100cm, height 20-30cm moisture in the soils
20cm passageways are stayed between face, moisture in the soil face；
（5）The tree well that 0.5 meter of diameter, depth are more than 5-10 centimetres of tree root length, 1.2 meter -2.0 of seeding row spacing are dug out in moisture in the soil face
Rice × 2.0 meters -2.5 meters, and insert 5-15 centimetres of matrix soil in tree well bottom；
（6）The nutritive cube outside the raw blueberry saplings of 1-2 is removed, sapling is placed in planting pit by the peripheral soil in cleaning root,
Tree root in planting pit, uses step completely（2）Obtained matrix soil fills up planting pit, and root is completely covered, and stands solid with their feet,
Pour permeable to below root in time.
（7）Regular maintenance：Annual spring, in soil surface uniform fold pine needle or stalk, keeps ground moistening and not accumulated
Water, will keep moisture supply sufficient in the Growth status stage, moisture supply is reduced in the result stage.
Plant 200 mu of blueberry, average survival in Yunnan Province Huaping County within -2014 years 2010 in the present inventive method：
99.7%, start within the 2nd year result, enter rich fruiting period within the 4th year, the blueberry planted compared with conventional method shifts to an earlier date 1 year and enters rich fruiting period, rich
The average single plant yield 4.23kg of fruiting period fruit tree, maximum single fruit weight is 2.4g, and minimum single fruit weight is 1.6g, average 2.05g.
Table 1
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method of utilization vinasse improved soil large-scale planting blueberry, including vinasse fermentation, substrate composition, blueberry are planted
Training, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps that：
（1）Fresh vinasse is dried to micro- and done, water tariff collection is sufficiently mixed in 2-30% with cattle and sheep excrement in vinasse, and mixed proportion is
Weight compares 4-5：1, banked up after mixing with pile shape, the section configuration of pile shape is triangle, height 1.5-2.0m, wide 4-6m；Mixing
It is 55-65% to keep moisture content afterwards, ferments 20-60 days, every turning in 4-7 days is postponed once in heap, and center temperature is kept when depth is cured
Degree moisture after 55-60 DEG C, fermentation is 2-8%, and the content of organic matter is more than crushing bulk after 15%, fermentation ends and is less than 4 for latus rectum
Centimetre particle be substrate material；
（2）By step（1）10-50 parts of obtained substrate material, 5-20 parts of cattle and sheep excrement, 10-30 parts of laterite, 0.01-0.1 parts of Cosan
It is sufficiently mixed, described part is parts by weight, regulation pH value is 4.0-5.5, is matrix soil；
（3）By step（1）40-75 parts with laterite of 25-60 parts of obtained substrate material is sufficiently mixed, and described part is parts by weight,
Regulation pH value is 4.0-5.5, is moisture in the soil face soil；
（4）Step is used on the soil after smooth（3）Obtained moisture in the soil face soil is paved, and is organized into wide 60-100cm, moisture in the soil face is highly
20-50 centimetres, 20cm passageways are stayed between moisture in the soil face；
（5）The planting pit that 50 centimetres of diameter, depth are more than 5-10 centimetres of tree root length is dug out in moisture in the soil face, is inserted in planting pit bottom
5-15 centimetres of matrix soil, 1.2 meters -2.0 meters × 2.0 meters -2.5 meters of seeding row spacing；
（6）The nutritive cube outside blueberry sapling is removed, sapling is placed in planting pit, tree root exists completely by the peripheral soil in cleaning root
In planting pit, step is used（2）Obtained matrix soil fills up planting pit, and root is completely covered, and stands solid with their feet, and pours permeable in time
To root.
2. a kind of method of utilization vinasse improved soil large-scale planting blueberry according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Described vinasse are sorghum, barley or buckwheat vinasse.
3. a kind of method of utilization vinasse improved soil large-scale planting blueberry according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Described cattle and sheep excrement be cow dung or sheep manure, or cow dung and sheep manure any combination, its be water content 20-60%.
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| CN106747938A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-05-31 | 贵州省仁怀市金水湾果业有限公司 | A kind of method for improving blueberry kind ground soil property |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103992149A (en) * | 2013-02-22 | 2014-08-20 | 武汉市农业科学研究所 | Cucurbit and vegetable seedling organic compound substrate prepared by utilizing vinasse and production method thereof |
| CN104855208A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-08-26 | 祥云县云上蓝蓝莓生物科技有限责任公司 | Method for cultivating organic blueberries in low-latitude and high-altitude areas |
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| US20030213169A1 (en) * | 2002-05-14 | 2003-11-20 | Her Majesty In Right Of Canada As Respresented By The Minister Of Agriculture | Method of protecting plants from thrips |
| CN101779569A (en) * | 2010-03-16 | 2010-07-21 | 郁有宁 | Method for cultivating field blueberry |
| CN103238388A (en) * | 2013-05-24 | 2013-08-14 | 常熟市润丰农业有限公司 | Method for scientifically managing soil of newly built blueberry garden |
| CN104446723A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2015-03-25 | 常熟市添源环保科技有限公司 | Method for producing organic fertilizers by mixing vinasse with pig manure |
| CN104542154A (en) * | 2015-01-05 | 2015-04-29 | 云南沁园生物科技开发有限公司 | Planting method of blueberry |
| CN104904453A (en) * | 2015-05-14 | 2015-09-16 | 广西大学 | Method for cultivating peanuts through white gourd stubbles and keeping seedlings from drought |
| CN104996251A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-10-28 | 贵州瓮安鑫产园茶业有限公司 | Planting method of white tea under high altitude and high ultraviolet rays |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103992149A (en) * | 2013-02-22 | 2014-08-20 | 武汉市农业科学研究所 | Cucurbit and vegetable seedling organic compound substrate prepared by utilizing vinasse and production method thereof |
| CN104855208A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-08-26 | 祥云县云上蓝蓝莓生物科技有限责任公司 | Method for cultivating organic blueberries in low-latitude and high-altitude areas |
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| Title |
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| 兔眼蓝莓品种"粉蓝"在青岛的引种试验;韩明三等;《山东农业科学》;20100130(第1期);第104-106页 * |
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