CN105037355B - Wnt信号传导途径的吲唑抑制剂及其治疗用途 - Google Patents
Wnt信号传导途径的吲唑抑制剂及其治疗用途 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
- C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D471/04—Ortho-condensed systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
- A61K31/445—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine
- A61K31/4523—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine containing further heterocyclic ring systems
- A61K31/4545—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine containing further heterocyclic ring systems containing a six-membered ring with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. pipamperone, anabasine
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
- A61K31/415—1,2-Diazoles
- A61K31/416—1,2-Diazoles condensed with carbocyclic ring systems, e.g. indazole
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
- A61K31/4164—1,3-Diazoles
- A61K31/4178—1,3-Diazoles not condensed 1,3-diazoles and containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. pilocarpine, nitrofurantoin
-
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Abstract
本发明揭示了一种用于治疗各种疾病和病理学情形吲唑化合物。本发明尤其涉及吲唑化合物或其类似物在治疗疾病中的应用,所述疾病以Wnt信号传导途径激活(例如,癌症,异常细胞增殖,血管发生,阿耳茨海默病和骨关节炎)、Wnt信号传导途径介导的细胞事件的调节以及Wnt信号传导组分突变所致遗传疾病为特征。本发明还提供治疗Wnt相关疾病的方法。
Description
本发明专利申请是国际申请号为PCT/US2010/044872,国际申请日为2010年8月9日,进入中国国家阶段的申请号为201080044979.2,发明名称为“Wnt信号传导途径的吲唑抑制剂及其治疗用途”的发明专利申请的分案申请。
相关申请
相关申请的交叉参考
本申请要求2009年8月10日提交的美国临时申请号61/232,603和2010年2月17日提交的美国临时申请号61/305,459的权益,其通过引用全文纳入本文。
发明背景
技术领域
本发明涉及Wnt途径中一种或多种蛋白的抑制剂,包括一种或多种Wnt蛋白的抑制剂,以及包含该抑制剂的组合物。本发明尤其涉及吲唑化合物或其盐或其类似物在治疗疾病中的应用,所述疾病以Wnt信号传导途径激活(例如,癌症,异常细胞增殖,血管发生,阿耳茨海默病和骨关节炎)、Wnt信号传导途径介导的细胞事件的调节以及Wnt信号传导组分突变所致遗传疾病为特征。
相关领域描述
模式形成(pattern formation)是胚细胞形成分化组织的有序空间排列的活动。对这些模式效应潜在机理的推测通常集中于引发模式化组织的合适应答的信号传导分子的分泌。想要鉴定此类信号传导分子的最近工作暗示有少数基因家族各成员编码的分泌蛋白。
长久以来,癌症生物学的概念是癌症因形成癌症干细胞而产生和生长,这些癌症干细胞仅占肿瘤中的少部分细胞,但对于肿瘤的扩散至关重要。由于预先存在自我更新和无限复制能力,干细胞作为癌症的细胞起源是令人感兴趣的。此外,与组织中其它细胞相比,干细胞寿命较长,从而有更多机会积累多种额外的突变,而这些突变是细胞增殖速度提高和临床显著癌症产生所需。最近,癌症起源中尤其令人感兴趣的是观察到参与正常组织中干细胞自我更新的Wnt信号传导途径在连续激活后还与许多类型癌症的产生和生长有关。因此,该途径可能在干细胞的正常自我更新和癌症干细胞的异常调节增殖之间建立联系。
Wnt生长因子家族包括在小鼠中鉴定的超过10种基因以及在人中鉴定到的至少7种基因。信号传导分子的Wnt家族成员介导无脊椎动物和脊椎动物发育期间的许多重要的短程和远程模式化过程。已知Wnt信号传导途径在调节生长和分化的诱导相互作用中有重要作用,还可能在胚胎后组织完整性的内稳态维持中起重要作用。Wnt稳定胞质p-连锁蛋白,其刺激包括-myc、c jun、fra-l和细胞周期蛋白Dl在内的基因的表达。此外,Wnt信号传导的误调节可导致发育缺陷,并涉及数种人癌症的起因。最近发现Wnt途径涉及越来越多的成人组织中干细胞或祖细胞的维持,所述组织目前包括皮肤、血液、肠、前列腺、肌肉和神经系统。
据信,Wnt途径的病理性激活也是导致西方国家所有散发病例中85%以上直肠结肠癌的起始事件。Wnt途径激活在肝细胞癌、乳腺癌、卵巢癌、胰腺癌、黑色素瘤、间皮瘤、淋巴瘤和白血病中也有广泛报道。除癌症外,Wnt途径的抑制剂可用于干细胞研究或治疗以异常Wnt激活为特征的任何疾病,例如糖尿病性视网膜病、新生血管性青光眼、类风湿性关节炎、银屑病以及霉菌和病毒感染及骨和软骨疾病。因此,其是本领域中极其令人感兴趣的治疗靶标。
除癌症外,Wnt信号传导组分突变导致的遗传疾病有许多病例。所述许多疾病的一些例子是阿耳茨海默病[Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.U S A(2007),104(22),9434-9],骨关节炎,结肠息肉病[Science(1991),253(5020),665-669],骨质疏松-假性神经胶质瘤综合征[N.Engl.J.Med.(2002),346(20),1513-21],家族性渗出性玻璃体视网膜病变[Hum.Mutat.(2005),26(2),104-12],视网膜血管发生[Nat.Genet.(2002),32(2),326-30],早期冠心病[Science(2007),315(5816),1278-82],先天性四肢切断综合征[Am.J.Hum.Genet.(2004),74(3),558-63],副中肾管退化和男性化[Engl.J.Med.(2004),351(8),792-8],SERKAL综合征[Am.J.Hum.Genet.(2008),82(1),39-47],2型糖尿病[Am.J.Hum.Genet.(2004),75(5),832-43;N.Engl.J.Med.(2006),355(3),241-50],富尔曼(Fuhrmann)综合征[Am.J.Hum.Genet.(2006),79(2),402-8],AARRS(Al-Awadi/Raas-Rothschild/Schinzel)短肢综合征[Am.J.Hum.Genet.(2006),79(2),402-8],牙-甲-皮肤发育异常[Am.J.Hum.Genet.(2007),81(4),821-8],肥胖症[Diabetologia(2006),49(4),678-84],裂手/足畸形[Hum.Mol.Genet.(2008),17(17),2644-53],尾侧重复综合征[Am.J.Hum.Genet.(2006),79(1),155-62],先天性缺牙[Am.J.Hum.Genet.(2004),74(5),1043-50],维尔姆斯瘤[Science(2007),315(5812),642-5],骨骼发育异常[Nat.Genet.(2009),41(1),95-100],灶性皮肤发育不全[Nat.Genet.(2007),39(7),836-8],常染色体隐性甲缺如[Nat.Genet.(2006),38(11),1245-7],神经管缺陷[N.Engl.J.Med.(2007),356(14),1432-7],α地中海贫血(ATRX)综合征[The Journal of Neuroscience(2008),28(47),12570–12580],脆性X综合征[PLoS Genetics(2010),6(4),e1000898],ICF综合征,安琪曼(Angelman)综合征[Brain Research Bulletin(2002),57(1),109-119],帕-魏二氏综合征[Journal of Neuroscience(2006),26(20),5383-5392],贝-威二氏综合征[Pediatric and Developmental Pathology(2003),6(4),299-306]和Rett综合征。
发明内容
本发明涉及可用的方法和制剂,包括使细胞与充分用量的试剂(例如芳族化合物)接触以拮抗Wnt活性,例如,逆转或控制异常生长状态或纠正由于Wnt信号传导组分突变所致的遗传疾病。
本文揭示的一些实施方式包括含吲唑核的Wnt抑制剂。本文揭示的其它实施方式包括使用这些化合物的药物组合物和治疗方法。
本文揭示的一个实施方式包括具有通式I的结构的化合物:
及其前药和药学上可接受的盐。
在通式(I)的一些实施方式中:
R1、R2、R4、R6、R7、R8和R9独立地选自下组:H、C1-9烷基、卤素、-CF3、-(C1-9烷基)n碳环基R13、-(C1-9烷基)n杂环基R13、-(C1-9烷基)n芳基R13、-(C1-9烷基)n杂芳基R13、-(C1-9烷基)nOR10、-(C1-9烷基)nSR10、-(C1-9烷基)nS(=O)R11、-(C1-9烷基)nSO2R10、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)SO2R10、-(C1-9烷基)nSO2N(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)C(=A)N(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nNR10C(=O)OR10、-(C1-9烷基)nC(=A)N(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)C(=A)R10、-(C1-9烷基)nOC(=O)N(R10)2、-NO2、-CN、-(C1-9烷基)nCO2R10和-(C1-9烷基)nC(=A)R10;
R3选自下组:–NRS(=O)R14、-(C1-9烷基)R14、-碳环基R14R15、-杂环基R14R15、-芳基R14R15或-杂芳基R14R15;
或者,R1和R2,R2和R3,R3和R4,R6和R7,R7和R8或R8和R9中的任一组一起形成选自下组的环:芳基,杂芳基,
其中虚线和实线表示的各健表示选自单键和双键的健;
各R10独立地选自下组:H、-C1-9烷基、-CF3、-(C1-9烷基)n碳环基、-(C1-9烷基)n杂环基、-(C1-9烷基)n芳基和-(C1-9烷基)n杂芳基;
各R11独立地选自下组:-C1-9烷基、-CF3、-(C1-9烷基)n碳环基、-(C1-9烷基)n杂环基、-(C1-9烷基)n芳基和-(C1-9烷基)n杂芳基;
各R12独立地选自下组:CN、–OR10和R10;
R13是1-5个各自选自下组的取代基:H、C1-9烷基、卤素、-CF3、碳环基R13、杂环基R13、芳基R13、杂芳基R13、-(C1-9烷基)nOR10、-(C1-9烷基)nSR10、-(C1-9烷基)nS(=O)R11、-(C1-9烷基)nSO2R10、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)SO2R10、-(C1-9烷基)nSO2N(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)C(=A)N(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nNR10C(=O)OR10、-(C1-9烷基)nC(=A)N(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)C(=A)R10、-(C1-9烷基)nOC(=O)N(R10)2、-NO2、-CN、-(C1-9烷基)nCO2R10和-(C1-9烷基)nC(=A)R10;
R14选自下组:–NR10C(=A)R10、–NR10S(=O)R11、–NR10SO2R10、–NR10C(=O)N(R16)2、–NR10C(=S)N(R10)2、–NR10C(=NR12)N(R10)2、-N(R16)2、–C(=O)NR10R17、–C(=S)N(R10)2、–C(=NR12)N(R10)2、–OC(=A)R10、–C(=A)R10、–NR10C(=A)OR10和–OC(=A)NR10R10;
R15是1-5个各自选自下组的取代基:H、C1-9烷基、卤素、-CF3、碳环基R13、杂环基R13、芳基R13、杂芳基R13、-(C1-9烷基)nOR10、-(C1-9烷基)nSR10、-(C1-9烷基)nS(=O)R11、-(C1-9烷基)nSO2R10、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)SO2R10、-(C1-9烷基)nSO2N(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)C(=A)N(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nNR10C(=O)OR10、-(C1-9烷基)nC(=A)N(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)C(=A)R10、-(C1-9烷基)nOC(=O)N(R10)2、-NO2、-CN、-(C1-9烷基)nCO2R10和-(C1-9烷基)nC(=A)R10;
R16是-C1-9烷基;
各R17独立地选自下组:-杂环基R13、-(C1-9烷基)杂环基R13和-(C1-9烷基)碳环基R13;
R18和R19独立地选自下组:H、C1-9烷基、卤素、-(C1-9烷基)n碳环基R13、-(C1-9烷基)n杂环基R13、-(C1-9烷基)n芳基R13、-(C1-9烷基)n杂芳基R13、-(C1-9烷基)nOR10、-(C1-9烷基)nSR10、-(C1-9烷基)nS(=O)R11、-(C1-9烷基)nSO2R10、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)SO2R10、-(C1-9烷基)nSO2N(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)C(=A)N(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nC(=A)N(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)C(=A)R10、-NO2、-CN、-(C1-9烷基)nCO2R10和-(C1-9烷基)nC(=A)R10;
或者,R18和R19一起形成选自苯和吡啶的环;
各A独立地选自O、S和NR12;
X是氮,R5不存在;
Y1、Y2、Y3和Y4独立地选自下组:碳和氮,前提是Y1、Y2、Y3和Y4中至少一个是氮;
如果Y1是氮,则R6不存在;
如果Y2是氮,则R7不存在;
如果Y3是氮,则R8不存在;
如果Y4是氮,则R9不存在;
各n是0或1。
在通式(I)的其它实施方式中:
R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8和R9独立地选自下组:H、C1-9烷基、卤素、-CF3、-(C1-9烷基)n碳环基R12、-(C1-9烷基)n杂环基R12、-(C1-9烷基)n芳基R12、-(C1-9烷基)n杂芳基R12、-(C1-9烷基)nOR9、-(C1-9烷基)nSR9、-(C1-9烷基)nS(=O)R10、-(C1-9烷基)nSO2R9、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R9)S(=O)R10、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R9)SO2R9、-(C1-9烷基)nSO2N(R9)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R9)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R9)C(=A)N(R9)2、-(C1-9烷基)nNR9C(=O)OR9、-(C1-9烷基)nC(=A)N(R9)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R9)C(=A)R9、-(C1-9烷基)nOC(=O)NR9R9、-NO2、-CN、-(C1-9烷基)nCO2R9和-(C1-9烷基)nC(=A)R9;
或者,R1和R2,R2和R3,R3和R4,R6和R7,R7和R8或R8和R9中的任一组一起形成选自下组的环:芳基,杂芳基,
其中虚线和实线表示的各健表示选自单键和双键的健;
各R10独立地选自下组:H、-C1-9烷基、-CF3、-(C1-9烷基)n碳环基、-(C1-9烷基)n杂环基、-(C1-9烷基)n芳基和-(C1-9烷基)n杂芳基;
各R11独立地选自下组:-C1-9烷基、-CF3、-(C1-9烷基)n碳环基、-(C1-9烷基)n杂环基、-(C1-9烷基)n芳基和-(C1-9烷基)n杂芳基;
各R12独立地选自下组:CN、–OR10和R10;
R13是1-5个各自选自下组的取代基:H、C1-9烷基、卤素、-CF3、碳环基R12、杂环基R12、芳基R12、杂芳基R12、-(C1-9烷基)nOR9、-(C1-9烷基)nSR9、-(C1-9烷基)nS(=O)R10、-(C1-9烷基)nSO2R9、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R9)SO2R9、-(C1-9烷基)nSO2N(R9)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R9)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R9)C(=A)N(R9)2、-(C1-9烷基)nC(=A)N(R9)2、-(C1-9烷基)nNR9C(=O)OR9、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R9)C(=A)R9、-(C1-9烷基)nOC(=O)N(R9)2、-NO2、-CN、-(C1-9烷基)nCO2R9和-(C1-9烷基)nC(=A)R9;
R18和R19独立地选自下组:H、C1-9烷基、卤素、-(C1-9烷基)n碳环基R13、-(C1-9烷基)n杂环基R13、-(C1-9烷基)n芳基R13、-(C1-9烷基)n杂芳基R13、-(C1-9烷基)nOR10、-(C1-9烷基)nSR10、-(C1-9烷基)nS(=O)R11、-(C1-9烷基)nSO2R10、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)SO2R10、-(C1-9烷基)nSO2N(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)C(=A)N(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nC(=A)N(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)C(=A)R10、-NO2、-CN、-(C1-9烷基)nCO2R10和-(C1-9烷基)nC(=A)R10;
或者,R18和R19一起形成选自苯和吡啶的环;
各A独立地选自O、S和NR12;
X是碳;
Y1、Y2、Y3和Y4独立地选自下组:碳和氮,前提是Y1、Y2、Y3和Y4中至少一个是氮;
如果Y1是氮,则R6不存在;
如果Y2是氮,则R7不存在;
如果Y3是氮,则R8不存在;
如果Y4是氮,则R9不存在;
各n是0或1,或其药学上可接受的盐或前药。
一些实施方式包括通式(I)的化合物的立体异构体和药学上可接受的盐。
一些实施方式包括通式(I)的化合物的前药。
本发明的一些实施方式包括包含通式(I)的化合物和药学上可接受的载体的药物组合物。
本文揭示的实施方式包括抑制Wnt途径的一个或多个成员(包括一个或多个Wnt蛋白)的方法,该方法包括向患有与异常Wnt信号传导有关的疾病或失常如癌症以及与异常血管生成、细胞增殖、细胞周期和Wnt信号传导组分突变有关的其它疾病的对象给予任何上述通式的化合物。因此,本文提供的化合物和组合物可用于治疗癌症,减少或抑制血管发生,减少或抑制细胞增殖,以及纠正由于Wnt信号传导组分突变所致的遗传疾病。可用文中提供的化合物和组合物治疗的疾病的非限制性例子包括:各种癌症,糖尿病性视网膜病,新生血管性青光眼,类风湿性关节炎,银屑病,霉菌和病毒感染,骨软骨发育不良,阿耳茨海默病,骨关节炎,结肠息肉病,骨质疏松-假性神经胶质瘤综合征,家族性渗出性玻璃体视网膜病变,视网膜血管发生,早期冠心病,先天性四肢切断综合征(tetra-amelia symdrome),副中肾管退化和男性化,SERKAL综合征,2型糖尿病,富尔曼(Fuhrmann)综合征,AARRS(Al-Awadi/Raas-Rothschild/Schinzel)短肢综合征,牙-甲-皮肤发育异常,肥胖症,裂手/足畸形,尾侧重复综合征,先天性缺牙,维尔姆斯瘤,骨骼发育异常,灶性皮肤发育不全,常染色体隐性甲缺如,神经管缺陷,α地中海贫血(ATRX)综合征,脆性X综合征,ICF综合征,安琪曼(Angelman)综合征,帕-魏二氏综合征,贝-威二氏综合征和Rett综合征。
文中揭示的其它实施方式包括一种药物组合物,其包含任何上述通式的化合物和药学上可接受的载体、稀释剂或赋形剂。
本发明的一些实施方式包括制备通式(I)的化合物的方法。
应理解,前面的一般性描述和以下的详细描述都只是示例和说明性的,不构成对要求保护的本发明的限制。
发明详述
用于抑制Wnt途径的一个或多个成员(包括一个或多个Wnt蛋白)的组合物和方法带来极大的益处。一些实施方式提供这些组合物和方法。
一些实施方式涉及治疗以下疾病的方法:例如,癌症,糖尿病性视网膜病,新生血管性青光眼,类风湿性关节炎,银屑病,霉菌和病毒感染,骨软骨发育不良,阿耳茨海默病,骨关节炎,结肠息肉病,骨质疏松-假性神经胶质瘤综合征,家族性渗出性玻璃体视网膜病变,视网膜血管发生,早期冠心病,先天性四肢切断综合征,副中肾管退化和男性化,SERKAL综合征,2型糖尿病,富尔曼(Fuhrmann)综合征,AARRS(Al-Awadi/Raas-Rothschild/Schinzel)短肢综合征,牙-甲-皮肤发育异常,肥胖症,裂手/足畸形,尾侧重复综合征,先天性缺牙,维尔姆斯瘤,骨骼发育异常,灶性皮肤发育不全,常染色体隐性甲缺如,神经管缺陷,α地中海贫血(ATRX)综合征,脆性X综合征,ICF综合征,安琪曼(Angelman)综合征,帕-魏二氏综合征,贝-威二氏综合征和Rett综合征。
在一些实施方式中,提供的药物组合物能有效治疗动物,例如哺乳动物中Wnt途径病理性激活或突变所致疾病。所述组合物包含药学上可接受的载体和本文所述的Wnt途径抑制剂。
定义
除非另外定义,否则,本文中所使用的所有技术和科学术语都具有本发明所属领域普通技术人员通常所理解的同样含义。所有专利、申请、公开申请和其它出版物的全部内容通过引用结合于此。在对文中术语有多个定义的情况中,除非另有说明,以本节中的定义为准。
在说明书和权利要求书中,以下术语具有所定义的含义。在本文中,"烷基"表示仅含碳和氢的支链或直链化学基团,例如甲基、异丙基、异丁基、仲丁基和戊基。烷基可以是未取代的,或被一个或多个取代基取代的,所述取代基例如是卤素、烷氧基、酰氧基、氨基、酰氨基、氰基、硝基、羟基、巯基、羧基、羰基、苄氧基、芳基、杂芳基或其它如果在本发明中需要可用保护基团适当封端的官能团。烷基可以是饱和的,或在一个或多个位置是不饱和的(例如含-C=C-或-C≡C-亚单元)。通常,烷基含1-9个碳原子,优选含1-6个碳原子,更优选含1-4个碳原子。
在本文中,“碳环基”表示在环体系骨架中仅含碳原子的环体系,例如环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基和环己烯基。碳环基可包括多个稠环。碳环基可具有任何的饱和度,前提是环体系中的至少一个环不是芳族的。碳环基可以是未取代的,或被一个或多个取代基取代的,所述取代基例如是卤素、烷氧基、酰氧基、氨基、酰氨基、氰基、硝基、羟基、巯基、羧基、羰基、苄氧基、芳基、杂芳基或其它如果在本发明中需要可用保护基团适当封端的官能团。通常,碳环基可包含3-10个、优选3-6个碳原子。
在本文中,“低级烷基”指烷基的子集,因此是直链或支链的烃取代基。优选的低级烷基含1到约4个碳,可以是支链或直链的。低级烷基的例子包括丁基、丙基、异丙基、乙基和甲基。同样,使用术语“低级”的基团表示在基团的烷基部分中优选具有1到约4个碳原子的基团。
在本文中,“酰氨基”指H-CON-或烷基-CON-,碳环基-CON-,芳基-CON-,杂芳基-CON-或杂环基-CON,其中烷基、碳环基、芳基或杂环基如文中所定义。
在本文中,“芳基”表示具有单环(例如苯基)或多个稠环(例如萘基或蒽基)并且在环骨架中仅存在碳原子的芳族基。芳基可以是未取代的,或被一个或多个取代基取代的,所述取代基例如是氨基、氰基、羟基、低级烷基、卤代烷基、烷氧基、硝基、卤素、巯基和其它取代基。优选的碳环芳基是苯基。
在本文中,术语“杂芳基”指在环骨架中具有一个或多个杂原子(例如N、O或S)的芳族基,可包括单环(例如吡啶)或多个稠环(例如喹啉)。杂芳基可以是未取代的,或被一个或多个取代基取代,所述取代基例如是氨基、氰基、羟基、低级烷基、卤代烷基、烷氧基、硝基、卤素、巯基和其它取代基。杂芳基的例子包括:噻吩基、吡啶基(pyrridyl)、呋喃基、噁唑基、噁二唑基、吡咯基(pyrollyl)、咪唑基、三唑基、硫代二唑基(thiodiazolyl)、吡唑基、异噁唑基、噻二唑基(thiadiazolyl)、吡喃基、吡嗪基、嘧啶基、哒嗪基、三嗪基、噻唑基等。
在这些定义中,应该清楚地理解芳环和杂芳环上被取代的情况在一些实施方式的范围内。当发生取代时,所述基被称为取代的芳基或取代的杂芳基。优选在芳环上有1-3个、更优选1个或2个取代基。尽管许多取代基都合适,优选的取代基包括在芳基化合物中常出现的取代基,例如烷基、环烷基、羟基、烷氧基、氰基、卤素、卤代烷基、巯基等。
在本文中,“酰胺”包括RNR’CO-(在R=烷基,烷氨基羰基-的情况中)和RCONR’-(在R=烷基,烷基羰基氨基-的情况中)。
在本文中,术语“酯”包括ROCO-(在R=烷基,烷氧基羰基-的情况中)和RCOO-(在R=烷基,烷基羰氧基-的情况中)。
在本文中,"酰基"指H-CO-或烷基-CO-,碳环基-CO-,芳基-CO-,杂芳基-CO-或杂环基-CO-,其中烷基、碳环基、芳基或杂环基如文中所定义。优选的酰基含低级烷基。示例性的烷基酰基包括甲酰基、乙酰基、丙酰基、2-甲基丙酰基、叔丁基乙酰基、丁酰基和棕榈酰基。
在本文中,"卤代或卤素”是氯、溴、氟或碘原子基。氯、溴和氟是优选的卤素。术语“卤代”有时也可以理解为"卤素"或"卤化物"。
在本文中,"卤代烷基"指烃取代基,它是被氯、溴、氟或碘原子取代的直链、支链或环状烷基、烯基或炔基。最优选的是氟代烷基,其中一个或多个氢原子已经被氟取代。优选的卤代烷基的长度为1到约3个碳,更优选的卤代烷基是1到约2个碳,最优选的卤代烷基的长度为1个碳。因此,本领域技术人员能认识到文中使用的"卤代亚烷基"指卤代烷基的二基变体,这种二基可作为基与基之间、其它原子之间、或母体环与其它官能团之间的间隔基。
在本文中,“杂环基”指在环体系骨架中包含至少一个杂原子的环体系。杂环基可包括多个稠环。杂环基可具有任何的饱和度,前提是环体系中的至少一个环不是芳族的。杂环基可以是未取代的,或被一个或多个取代基取代,所述取代基例如是卤素、烷氧基、酰氧基、氨基、酰氨基、氰基、硝基、羟基、巯基、羧基、羰基、苄氧基、芳基、杂芳基和其它取代基,可通过任何可利用的价位(优选任何可用的碳或氮)与其它基团连接。更优选的杂环是5-7元的。在六元单环杂环中,杂原子选自O、N或S中的一个到最多三个,其中当杂环是五元环时,优选该环具有一个或两个选自O、N或S的杂原子。
在本文中,“取代的氨基”指被一个或两个烷基、环烷基、芳基、杂芳基或杂环基取代的氨基,其中烷基、芳基、杂芳基或杂环基如上文所定义。
在本文中,“取代的巯基”指RS-基,其中R是烷基、芳基、杂芳基或杂环基,其中烷基、环烷基、芳基、杂芳基或杂环基如上文所定义。
在本文中,“磺酰基”指烷基SO2、芳基SO2、杂芳基SO2、碳环基SO2或杂环基-SO2基团,其中烷基、碳环基、芳基、杂芳基或杂环基如上文所定义。
在本文中,"氨磺酰氨基(sulfamido)"指烷基-N-S(O)2N-、芳基-NS(O)2N-、杂芳基-NS(O)2N-、碳环基-NS(O)2N或杂环基-NS(O)2N-,其中烷基、碳环基、芳基、杂芳基或杂环基如文中所定义。
在本文中,"磺酰氨基(sulfonamido)"指烷基-S(O)2N-、芳基-S(O)2N-、杂芳基-S(O)2N-、碳环基-S(O)2N-或杂环基-S(O)2N-,其中烷基、碳环基、芳基、杂芳基或杂环基如文中所定义。
在本文中,"脲基"指烷基-NCON-、芳基-NCON-、杂芳基-NCON-、碳环基-NCON-或杂环基-NCON-,其中烷基、碳环基、芳基、杂芳基或杂环基如文中所定义。
在本文中,当指出两个基团“连接”或“结合”形成“环”时,应理解在这两个基团之间形成键,可包括一个或两个基团上的氢原子被键替代,从而形成碳环基、杂环基、芳基或杂芳基环。本领域技术人员将认识到这些环可容易地通过常规化学反应形成,在本领域技术人员的知识范围内能想到这些环及其形成方法。优选的环是3-7元的,更优选是5元或6元的。在本文中,术语“环”或“多个环”(当通过组合两个基而形成时)称为杂环、碳环、芳基或杂芳基环。
本领域技术人员将认识到文中所述的一些结构可以是化合物的共振形式或互变异构体,它们可以很好地用其它化学结构表示(即使在动态时),本领域技术人员能够认识到这些结构仅仅是这些化合物的样本的极小部分。应该清楚地理解这些化合物落在本发明的范围内,即使这些共振形式或互变异构体在文中并未给出。
文中提供的化合物可包括各种立体化学形式。所述化合物还包括非对映异构体和光学异构体,例如对映异构体的混合物(包括外消旋混合物),以及独立的对映异构体和非对映异构体,它们是由于一些化合物中存在的结构不对称而产生的。利用本领域技术人员众所周知的各种方法可分离各异构体或者选择性合成各异构体。除非另有说明,当用具有一个或多个手性中心但并未具体说明立体化学的结构命名或描述所揭示的化合物时,应理解为表示该化合物的所有可能的立体异构体。
术语“给药”或“给予”表示将一定剂量的化合物或药物组合物给予脊椎动物或无脊椎动物(包括哺乳动物,禽类,鱼或两栖动物)的方式,该方式是例如呼吸内给药,局部给药,口服给药,静脉内给药,腹膜内给药,肌内给药,含服给药,经肠给药,舌下给药。优选的给药方法可取决于各种因素,例如药物组合物的组分、疾病的位置、所涉及的疾病、以及疾病的严重程度。
在本文中,“诊断”指辅助鉴定和表征健康或疾病状态的化合物、方法、体系或装置。可如本领域中已知的,在标准试验中使用诊断。
在本文中,术语“哺乳动物”为其常规生物学含义。因此,该术语具体包括人,牛,马,狗和猫,还包括许多其它种类。
术语“药学上可接受的载体”或“药学上可接受的赋形剂”包括任何和所有溶剂,分散介质,包衣,抗细菌剂和抗真菌剂,等渗剂和吸收延迟剂,等等。对药物活性物质使用这些介质和试剂是本领域众所周知的。除非任何常规介质或试剂都与活性成分不相容,否则应考虑在治疗组合物中使用这些介质或试剂。也可在组合物中引入补充活性成分。另外,可在组合物中引入各种佐剂,例如本领域中常用的佐剂。这些和其它这类化合物可以参见文献,例如美国新泽西州罗韦默克公司的默克索引(Merck Index,Merck&Company,Rahway,NJ)。在药物组合物中引入各种组分的考虑参见例如Gilman等编写的(2006);哥德曼和基尔曼的 治疗的药理学基础(Goodman and Gilman’s: The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics),第11版,MH公司(The McGraw-Hill Companies)。
术语“药学上可接受的盐”指保持生物学效力和性质的优选实施方式的化合物的盐,该盐无不利的生物学性质或其它性质。在许多情况中,优选实施方式的化合物能利用存在的氨基和/或羧基或类似的基团形成酸盐和/或碱盐。可用无机酸和有机酸形成药学上可接受的酸加成盐。可形成盐的无机酸包括例如盐酸、氢溴酸、硫酸、硝酸、磷酸等。可形成盐的有机酸包括例如乙酸、丙酸、乙醇酸、丙酮酸、草酸、马来酸、丙二酸、琥珀酸、富马酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、苯甲酸、肉桂酸、扁桃酸、甲磺酸、乙磺酸、对甲苯磺酸、水杨酸等。可用无机碱和有机碱形成药学上可接受的碱加成盐。可形成盐的无机碱包括例如钠、锂、铵、钙、镁、铁、锌、铜、锰、铝等;特别优选的是铵、钾、钠、钙和镁盐。可形成盐的有机碱包括例如伯胺、仲胺和叔胺,取代的胺(包括天然的取代胺),环胺,碱性离子交换树脂等,特别是例如异丙胺、三甲胺、二乙胺、三乙胺、三丙胺和乙醇胺。许多这样的盐是本领域已知的,例如参见Johnston等的于1987年9月11日公开的国际专利公开87/05297,其内容通过参考结合于此。
“溶剂化物”指溶剂与Wnt途径抑制剂、其代谢物或其盐相互作用形成的化合物。合适的溶剂化物是药学上可接受的溶剂化物,包括水合物。
在本文中,“对象”指人或非人哺乳动物,例如狗,猫,小鼠,大鼠,奶牛,绵羊,猪,山羊,非人灵长类动物或禽类,例如鸡,以及任何其它脊椎动物或非脊椎动物。
“治疗有效量”或“药物有效量”通常是指足以实现所需效果的量,可根据疾病病症的特点和严重性以及化合物的效力而变化。应理解,对于预防和治疗活动性疾病,可采用不同的浓度。该量还取决于病人的身高、体重、性别、年龄和病史。
治疗效果是一定程度上缓解疾病的一个或多个症状,包括治愈疾病。“治愈”意味着活动性疾病的症状消除。但是,即使治愈后,一些长期或永久的疾病后果仍可能存在(例如广泛性组织损伤)。
在本文中,“治疗”、“医治”或“处理”指为治疗目的给予药物组合物。术语“治疗性治疗”指对已经患有疾病的病人给予治疗,从而获得治疗的有益效果,例如改善已有的症状,防止其它症状,改善或预防症状的潜在代谢原因,延迟或预防疾病的进一步发展,以及/或者减轻将要或预计将要发展的症状的严重程度。
化合物
文中所述的化合物和组合物可用作抗增殖剂,例如抗癌剂和抗血管生成剂,用作Wnt信号传导途径的抑制剂,例如用于治疗与异常Wnt信号传导相关的疾病或失调。另外,所述化合物可用作一种或多种激酶、激酶受体或激酶复合体(例如VEGF,CHK-1,CLK,HIPK,Abl,JAK和/或CDK复合体)的抑制剂。这些化合物和组合物还可用于控制细胞增殖、分化和/或凋亡。
本发明的一些实施方式包括通式(Ia)的化合物,其盐,其药学上可接受的盐或其前药:
在一些实施方式中,R1、R2、R4、R6、R7、R8和R9独立地选自下组:H、C1-9烷基、卤素、-CF3、-(C1-9烷基)n碳环基R13、-(C1-9烷基)n杂环基R13、-(C1-9烷基)n芳基R13、-(C1-9烷基)n杂芳基R13、-(C1-9烷基)nOR10、-(C1-9烷基)nSR10、-(C1-9烷基)nS(=O)R11、-(C1-9烷基)nSO2R10、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)SO2R10、-(C1-9烷基)nSO2N(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)C(=A)N(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nC(=A)N(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)C(=A)R10、-NO2、-CN、-(C1-9烷基)nCO2R10和-(C1-9烷基)nC(=A)R10。
在一些实施方式中,R3选自下组:–NRS(=O)R14、-(C1-9烷基)R14、-碳环基R14R15、-杂环基R14R15、-芳基R14R15或-杂芳基R14R15。
在一些实施方式中,R1和R2,R2和R3,R3和R4,R6和R7,R7和R8或R8和R9中的任一组一起形成选自下组的环:芳基,杂芳基,
其中虚线和实线表示的各健表示选自单键和双键的健。
在一些实施方式中,各R10独立地选自下组:H、-C1-9烷基、-CF3、-(C1-9烷基)n碳环基、-(C1-9烷基)n杂环基、-(C1-9烷基)n芳基和-(C1-9烷基)n杂芳基。
在一些实施方式中,各R11独立地选自下组:-C1-9烷基、-CF3、-(C1-9烷基)n碳环基、-(C1-9烷基)n杂环基、-(C1-9烷基)n芳基和-(C1-9烷基)n杂芳基。
在一些实施方式中,各R12独立地选自下组:–OR10和R10。
在一些实施方式中,各R13是1-5个各自选自下组的取代基:H、C1-9烷基、卤素、-CF3、碳环基R13、杂环基R13、芳基R13、杂芳基R13、-(C1-9烷基)nOR10、-(C1-9烷基)nSR10、-(C1-9烷基)nS(=O)R11、-(C1-9烷基)nSO2R10、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)SO2R10、-(C1-9烷基)nSO2N(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)C(=A)N(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nC(=A)N(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)C(=A)R10、-NO2、-CN、-(C1-9烷基)nCO2R10和-(C1-9烷基)nC(=A)R10。
在一些实施方式中,R14选自下组:–NR10C(=A)R10、–NR10S(=O)R11、–NR10SO2R10、–NR10C(=O)N(R16)2、–NR10C(=S)N(R10)2、–NR10C(=NR12)N(R10)2、-N(R16)2、–C(=O)NR10R17、–C(=S)N(R10)2、–C(=NR12)N(R10)2、–OC(=A)R10、–C(=A)R10、–NR10C(=A)OR10和–OC(=A)NR10R10。
在一些实施方式中,R15是1-4个各自选自下组的取代基:H、C1-9烷基、卤素、-CF3、碳环基R13、杂环基R13、芳基R13、杂芳基R13、-(C1-9烷基)nOR10、-(C1-9烷基)nSR10、-(C1-9烷基)nS(=O)R11、-(C1-9烷基)nSO2R10、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)SO2R10、-(C1-9烷基)nSO2N(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)C(=A)N(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nC(=A)N(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)C(=A)R10、-NO2、-CN、-(C1-9烷基)nCO2R10和-(C1-9烷基)nC(=A)R10。
在一些实施方式中,R16是-C1-9烷基。
在一些实施方式中,各R17独立地选自下组:-杂环基R13、-(C1-9烷基)杂环基R13和-(C1-9烷基)碳环基R13。
在一些实施方式中,R18和R19独立地选自下组:H、C1-9烷基、卤素、-(C1-9烷基)n碳环基R13、-(C1-9烷基)n杂环基R13、-(C1-9烷基)n芳基R13、-(C1-9烷基)n杂芳基R13、-(C1-9烷基)nOR10、-(C1-9烷基)nSR10、-(C1-9烷基)nS(=O)R11、-(C1-9烷基)nSO2R10、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)SO2R10、-(C1-9烷基)nSO2N(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)C(=A)N(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nC(=A)N(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)C(=A)R10、-NO2、-CN、-(C1-9烷基)nCO2R10和-(C1-9烷基)nC(=A)R10。
在一些实施方式中,R18和R19一起形成选自苯和吡啶的环。
在一些实施方式中,各A独立地选自O、S和NR12。
在一些实施方式中,Y1、Y2、Y3和Y4独立地选自下组:碳和氮,前提是Y1、Y2、Y3和Y4中至少一个是氮。
在一些实施方式中,Y1是氮,R6不存在。
在一些实施方式中,Y2是氮,R7不存在。
在一些实施方式中,Y3是氮,R8不存在。
在一些实施方式中,Y4是氮,R9不存在。
在一些实施方式中,各n是0或1。
本发明的一些实施方式包括通式(Ib)的化合物,其盐,其药学上可接受的盐或其前药:
在一些实施方式中,R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8和R9独立地选自下组:H、C1-9烷基、卤素、-CF3、-(C1-9烷基)n碳环基R13、-(C1-9烷基)n杂环基R13、-(C1-9烷基)n芳基R13、-(C1-9烷基)n杂芳基R13、-(C1-9烷基)nOR10、-(C1-9烷基)nSR10、-(C1-9烷基)nS(=O)R11、-(C1-9烷基)nSO2R10、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)SO2R10、-(C1-9烷基)nSO2N(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)C(=A)N(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nC(=A)N(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)C(=A)R10、-NO2、-CN、-(C1-9烷基)nCO2R10和-(C1-9烷基)nC(=A)R10。
在一些实施方式中,R1和R2,R2和R3,R3和R4,R6和R7,R7和R8或R8和R9中的任一组一起形成选自下组的环:芳基,杂芳基,
其中虚线和实线表示的各健表示选自单键和双键的健。
在一些实施方式中,各R10独立地选自下组:H、-C1-9烷基、-CF3、-(C1-9烷基)n碳环基、-(C1-9烷基)n杂环基、-(C1-9烷基)n芳基和-(C1-9烷基)n杂芳基。
在一些实施方式中,各R11独立地选自下组:-C1-9烷基、-CF3、-(C1-9烷基)n碳环基、-(C1-9烷基)n杂环基、-(C1-9烷基)n芳基和-(C1-9烷基)n杂芳基。
在一些实施方式中,各R12独立地选自下组:–OR10和R10。
在一些实施方式中,各R13是1-5个各自选自下组的取代基:H、C1-9烷基、卤素、-CF3、碳环基R13、杂环基R13、芳基R13、杂芳基R13、-(C1-9烷基)nOR10、-(C1-9烷基)nSR10、-(C1-9烷基)nS(=O)R11、-(C1-9烷基)nSO2R10、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)SO2R10、-(C1-9烷基)nSO2N(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)C(=A)N(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nC(=A)N(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)C(=A)R10、-NO2、-CN、-(C1-9烷基)nCO2R10和-(C1-9烷基)nC(=A)R10。
在一些实施方式中,R18和R19独立地选自下组:H、C1-9烷基、卤素、-(C1-9烷基)n碳环基R13、-(C1-9烷基)n杂环基R13、-(C1-9烷基)n芳基R13、-(C1-9烷基)n杂芳基R13、-(C1-9烷基)nOR10、-(C1-9烷基)nSR10、-(C1-9烷基)nS(=O)R11、-(C1-9烷基)nSO2R10、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)SO2R10、-(C1-9烷基)nSO2N(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)C(=A)N(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nC(=A)N(R10)2、-(C1-9烷基)nN(R10)C(=A)R10、-NO2、-CN、-(C1-9烷基)nCO2R10和-(C1-9烷基)nC(=A)R10。
在一些实施方式中,R18和R19一起形成选自苯和吡啶的环。
在一些实施方式中,各A独立地选自O、S和NR12。
在一些实施方式中,Y1、Y2、Y3和Y4独立地选自下组:碳和氮,前提是Y1、Y2、Y3和Y4中至少一个是氮。
在一些实施方式中,Y1是氮,R6不存在。
在一些实施方式中,Y2是氮,R7不存在。
在一些实施方式中,Y3是氮,R8不存在。
在一些实施方式中,Y4是氮,R9不存在。
在一些实施方式中,各n是0或1。
示例性的通式(Ia)和(Ib)的化合物如表1所示。
表1.
化合物制备
用于制备本发明化合物的原料是已知的,可通过已知方法制备的,或者可商购。本领域技术人员显然知道,关于本发明化合物的前体和官能团的制备方法在文献中多有描述。本领域技术人员给出该文献,其内容非常适合制备任何所述化合物。
应认识到,有机化学领域的技术人员无需进一步指导就能很容易地进行一些操作,也就是说,该领域技术人员有足够的知识范围和实践能力来进行这些操作。这些操作包括:羰基化合物还原为相应的醇,氧化,酰化,芳族取代,亲电和亲核反应,醚化,酯化和皂化,等等。这些操作在以下标准教科书中进行了讨论:例如马奇的高等有机化学:反应,机理和结构(March's Advanced Organic Chemistry:Reactions,Mechanisms,andStructure),第6版,John Wiley&Sons(2007),Carey和Sundberg,高等有机化学(AdvancedOrganic Chemistry),第5版,Springer(2007),有机转化大全:官能团转化的指导(Comprehensive Organic Transformations:A Guide to Functional GroupTransformations),第2版,John Wiley&Sons(1999)(其全部内容通过参考结合于此),等等。
本领域技术人员很容易理解,一些反应最好在分子中其它官能团被掩蔽或保护的情况下进行,从而避免任何不利的副反应,以及/或者提高反应的产率。通常,本领域技术人员使用保护基团来提高产率或避免不利反应。这些反应可参见文献,它们也在本领域技术人员所掌握的范围内。许多这些操作的例子可参见例如T.Greene和P.Wuts的有机合成中的保护基团(Protecting Groups in Organic Synthesis),第4版,John Wiley&Sons(2007),其全部内容通过参考结合于此。
提供以下示例性方案给读者作为指导,给出了制备文中列举的化合物的优选方法。这些方法并非限制性的,显然也可采用其它途径来制备这些化合物。这些方法具体包括基于固相的化学方法,包括组合化学。本领域技术人员能够透彻理解如何通过文献和本文给出的方法制备这些化合物。下文所示的合成方案中使用的化合物编号仅仅是为了具体的方案给出,不应理解为本申请其它章节中使用的相同编号,或者与这些相同编号混淆。
为了进一步说明本发明,给出以下实施例。当然,这些实施例不应理解为对本发明构成特定限定。在权利要求范围内的这些实施例的变化形式在本领域技术人员的知识范围内,应认为落在所描述的要求保护的本发明的范围内。读者能认识到本领域技术人员在本文揭示的内容的基础上,无需穷尽的实施例就能制备和使用本发明。
文中所用的商标仅仅是例子,反映本发明中使用的示例性材料。本领域技术人员能认识到,批量、制造过程等等的变化是可以预期的。因此,实施例以及其中使用的商标是非限制性的,它们不旨在限制本发明,而仅仅是说明本领域技术人员如何选择进行本发明的一个或多个实施方式。
使用Bruker NMR波谱仪(Avance TM DRX300,300MHz,1H)在所示的溶剂中测量1H核磁共振波谱(NMR)。峰值位置表示为相对于四甲基硅烷的低场转移,单位为ppm。多重峰的表示如下,s表示单峰;d表示双峰;t表示三重峰;m表示多重峰。
以下缩写具有所述的含义:
盐水=饱和氯化钠水溶液
CDCl3=氘代氯仿
DCM=二氯甲烷
DHP=3,4-二氢-2H-吡喃
DMF=N,N-二甲基甲酰胺
DMSO-d6=氘代二甲亚砜
ESIMS=电喷雾质谱
EtOAc=乙酸乙酯
Et3SiH=三乙基硅烷
HCl=盐酸
HOAc=乙酸
KOH=氢氧化钾
K3PO4=磷酸钾
LAH=氢化铝锂
MeOH=甲醇
MgSO4=硫酸镁
Na2CO3=碳酸钠
NaHCO3=碳酸氢钠
NaHSO3=亚硫酸氢钠
NaOAc=乙酸钠
NMR=核磁共振
Pd/C=负载在碳上的钯
PdCl2(dppf)2=二氯化1,1'-二(二苯基膦基)二茂铁-钯(II)
Pd(PPh3)2Cl2=二氯-二(三苯基膦)钯(II)
Pd(PPh3)4=四(三苯基膦)钯(0)
PPTS=对甲苯磺酸吡啶
rt=室温
TFA=三氟乙酸
THF=四氢呋喃
TLC=薄层色谱
提供以下示例性方案给读者作为指导,说明制备文中提供的化合物的示例性方法。此外,基于以下反应方案和实施例,制备本发明化合物的其它方法对本领域普通技术人员也是显而易见的。除非另有指示,所有变量如上文所定义。
一般步骤
可按照方案1所述制备本发明的通式Ia的化合物。
方案1描述了制备吲唑衍生物(VII)的方法,该方法包括首先使5-碘-1-(四氢-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑-3-醛(I)与双(频哪醇合)二硼(bis(pinacolato)diboron)反应,形成硼酸酯(II)。与各种溴化物(III)进行铃木(Suzuki)偶联,产生吲唑衍生物(IV)。使醛(IV)与各种1,2-二胺(V)反应,产生(VI)。最后,吡唑氮脱保护,产生所需的吲唑衍生物(VII)。
说明性化合物实施例
中间体(I)的制备如以下方案2所示。
试剂和条件:a)NHOMe(Me).HCl,羰基二咪唑,咪唑,DMF,65℃;b)二(三氟乙酰氧基)碘苯,I2,DCM r.t;c)DHP,PPTS,DCM,回流;d)LAH,THF,0℃。
步骤a
在室温下,用羰基二咪唑(110克,678毫摩尔)处理在DMF中的1H-吲唑-3-羧酸(VIII)(100克,617毫摩尔),直到气体逸出停止(大约15分钟)。将该反应加热到60-65℃并保持两小时,然后冷却到室温,将N,O-二甲基羟胺-HCl(66.2克,678毫摩尔)作为固体加入,将混合物加热到65℃并保持3小时。将反应物浓缩到糊状,用DCM提取,然后用水和2N HCl洗涤。可以观察到产物从溶液中析出。过滤固体,单独用EtOAc洗涤。依次用碳酸氢钠和盐水洗涤EtOAc和DCM层,用MgSO4干燥,在减压下浓缩。将所得固体合并,用DCM-醚的1:1混合物研制,过滤,干燥,得到白色固体N-甲氧基-N-甲基-1H-吲唑-3-羧酰胺(IX)(100克,487毫摩尔,产率为79%)。1H NMR(DMSO-d6)δppm 3.46(s,3H),3.69-3.85(m,3H),7.13-7.31(m,1H),7.41(t,J=7.25Hz,1H),7.56-7.65(m,1H),7.93-8.08(m,1H);ESIMS,对应于C10H11N3O2m/z206(M+H)。
步骤b
在室温下向在1升DCM中的N-甲氧基-N-甲基-1H-吲唑-3-羧酰胺(IX)(20克,97.4毫摩尔)中加入二(三氟乙酰氧基)碘苯(46克,107毫摩尔),然后分批加入碘(14.84克,58.5毫摩尔)。在1小时后,加入600毫升饱和NaHSO3,固体开始沉淀,将其过滤,用过量的DCM洗涤。用盐水洗涤滤液,用MgSO4干燥,浓缩,剩余的固体用最少量的DCM研制。合并的固体在真空下用KOH干燥,得到白色固体5-碘-N-甲氧基-N-甲基-1H-吲唑-3-羧酰胺(X)(23.2克,70毫摩尔,产率为72%)。1H NMR(DMSO-d6)δppm 3.45(s,4H),3.77(s,4H),7.45-7.54(m,1H),7.66(dd,J=8.81,1.51Hz,1H),8.40(d,J=1.01Hz,1H);ESIMS,对应于C10H10IN3O2m/z 331(M+H)。
步骤c
将在DCM中的5-碘-N-甲氧基-N-甲基-1H-吲唑-3-羧酰胺(X)(16.5克,50毫摩尔)、3,4-二氢-2H-吡喃(10.3毫升,113毫摩尔)和PPTS(0.12克,0.6毫摩尔)的混合物加热到回流并保持5小时。将该溶液倒入饱和NaHCO3溶液中,分离各层,用DCM萃取水层。合并的有机层用5%柠檬酸水溶液和盐水洗涤,用MgSO4干燥,浓缩。粗产物在硅胶柱上纯化(100%EtOAc→3:97MeOH:DCM),得到白色粘油状5-碘-N-甲氧基-N-甲基-1-(四氢-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑-3-羧酰胺(XI)(19.1克,46毫摩尔,产率为92%)。1H NMR(DMSO-d6)δppm 1.28-1.84(m,6H),3.43(s,3H),3.60-4.04(s,5H),5.86-6.08(m,1H),7.45-7.87(m,2H),8.39(s,1H);ESIMS,对应于C15H18IN3O3m/z 416(M+H)。
步骤d
将氢化铝理(160毫克,4.21毫摩尔)分批加入冷却的(0℃)5-碘-N-甲氧基-N-甲基-1-(四氢-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑-3-羧酰胺(XI)(1.46克,3.5毫摩尔)的THF溶液中。在0℃继续搅拌,直到反应完成,约30分钟。在0℃缓慢加入EtOAc而使反应猝灭,将全部混合物倒入0.4N NaHSO4中。用盐水洗涤有机层,用MgSO4干燥,浓缩,在硅胶柱上纯化(100%EtOAc→3:97MeOH:DCM),得到白色固体5-碘-1-(四氢-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑-3-醛(I)(0.90克,3.15毫摩尔,产率为72%)。1H NMR(DMSO-d6)δppm 1.50-1.71(m,2H),1.71-1.87(m,1H),1.97-2.15(m,2H),2.31-2.42(m,1H),3.66-3.99(m,2H),5.96-6.17(m,1H),7.78(d,J=6Hz,1H),7.84(d,J=6Hz,1H),8.50(s,1H),10.13(s,1H);ESIMS,对应于C13H13IN2O2m/z 357(M+H)。
中间体(XV)的制备如以下方案3所示。
试剂和条件:a)HOAc,NaOAc,Br2,100℃,28小时,b)1,4-二噁烷,吡啶基-3-硼酸,Na2CO3,H2O,Pd(PPh3)2Cl2,回流,15小时,c)MeOH,Pd/C,H2,室温,15小时
步骤a
将3-硝基吡啶-4-胺(XII)(10克,71.94毫摩尔)和乙酸(120毫升)的混合物加入密封管中,然后加入NaOAc(29.50克,93.52毫摩尔),在搅拌下滴加溴(4.7毫升,359.7毫摩尔)。将密封管在100℃加热28小时,直到TLC显示原料被消耗。将反应混合物浓缩,得到固体,将固体溶解于水中,用NaHCO3碱化,用乙酸乙酯萃取。将合并的有机萃取物干燥,浓缩,得到黄色固体3-溴-5-硝基吡啶-4-胺(XIII)(12克,55毫摩尔,产率为77%)。1H NMR(DMSO-d6)δppm9.19(s,1H),8.58(s,1H);ESIMS,对应于C5H4BrN3O2m/z 217,219(M+,M+2)。
步骤b
将3-溴-5-硝基吡啶-4-胺(XIII)(6克,26毫摩尔)、吡啶-3-基硼酸(3.54克,29毫摩尔)、1N Na2CO3溶液(78毫升)和1,4-二噁烷(150毫升)的溶液用氩气脱气三次。向反应中加入Pd(PPh3)2Cl2(927毫克,5毫摩尔%),将溶液回流15小时,直到TLC显示反应完成。使反应物通过硅藻土(Celite)垫,然后在减压下浓缩。将反应混合物浓缩,残余物用乙酸乙酯提取。用水洗涤有机萃取物,干燥,在真空下浓缩。粗产物在硅胶柱上纯化(100%EtOAc→2:98MeOH:DCM),得到黄色固体5-硝基-3,3'-联吡啶-4-胺(XIV)(5克,23.1毫摩尔,产率为87%)。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz,)δppm 9.31(s,1H),8.80-8.79(m,1H),8.70(s,1H),8.23(s,1H),7.80-7.73(m,1H),7.52-7.48(m,1H)。ESIMS,对应于C10H8N4O2m/z216.95(M+H)。
步骤c
向5-硝基-3,3'-联吡啶-4-胺(XIV)(5克,23毫摩尔)的MeOH(20毫升)溶液中加入10%Pd/C。用氢气吹扫溶液,在氢气气氛下室温搅拌15小时。悬浮液通过硅藻土(Celite)过滤,在真空下浓缩,得到灰白色固体3,3'-联吡啶-4,5-二胺(XV)(3.3克,17.7毫摩尔,产率为76%)。1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ8.63-8.53(m,1H),7.90-7.83(m,1H),7.75(s,1H),7.58(s,1H),7.48-7.43(m,2H),6.13(bs,2H),5.31(bs,2H)。ESIMS,对应于C10H10N4m/z187.10(M+H)。
中间体(XVII)的制备如以下方案4所示。
步骤1-2
在氮气下向5-溴烟酸(XVI)(1.01克,5毫摩尔)的干燥DCM(10毫升)溶液中加入草酰氯(0.654毫升,7.5毫摩尔),然后加入干燥DMF(0.1毫升)。将该溶液在室温下搅拌30分钟。在真空下蒸发溶剂,然后加入干燥吡啶(10毫升),然后加入环丙基甲胺(0.39毫升,4.5毫摩尔)。将该溶液在氮气下室温搅拌2小时。将溶液倒入冰水中,用饱和NaHCO3水溶液碱化,用DCM萃取。合并的有机相用MgSO4干燥,浓缩,在真空下干燥,得到灰白色固体5-溴-N-(环丙基甲基)烟酰胺(XVII)(0.82克,3.2毫摩尔,产率为71%)。1H NMR(DMSO-d6)δppm-0.07-0.07(m,2H),0.15-0.29(m,2H),0.68-0.88(m,1H),2.93(t,J=6.22Hz,2H),8.20(t,J=1.88Hz,1H),8.62(d,J=1.70Hz,2H),8.75(s,1H);ESIMS,对应于C10H11BrN2O m/z 254,256(M+,M+2)。
中间体(XX)的制备如以下方案5所示。
步骤1
将3-氨基-5-溴吡啶(XVIII)(1当量)溶解在DCM中,冷却到0℃,然后加入吡啶(2.2当量)和异丁酰氯(XIX)(1.1当量)。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌15小时,直到TLC显示反应完成。用DCM稀释反应混合物,用水洗涤。将有机萃取物干燥,浓缩,通过柱色谱用硅胶(100-200目)纯化,得到灰白色固体N-(5-溴吡啶-3-基)异丁酰胺(XX)(产率为71%)。1H NMR(CDCl3)δppm8.55-8.35(m,3H),7.32(s,1H),2.59-2.48(m,1H),1.28-1.27(d,6H);ESIMS,对应于C9H11BrN2O m/z 243.05(M+H)。
根据上述方案5所述的步骤制备以下中间体。
N-(5-溴吡啶-3-基)新戊酰胺(XXI):灰白色固体,(产率为67%),1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δppm 8.48-8.39(m,3H),7.48(bs,1H),1.32(s,9H);ESIMS,对应于C10H13BrN2O m/z256.80(M+H)。
N-(5-溴吡啶-3-基)-3-甲基丁酰胺(XXII):灰白色固体,(产率为67%),1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δppm 8.55-8.42(m,3H),7.62(s,1H),2.31-2.18(m,3H),1.02-1.01(d,J=6Hz,6H);ESIMS,对应于C10H13BrN2O m/z 258.80(M+H)。
N-(5-溴吡啶-3-基)-3,3-二甲基丁酰胺(XXIII):浅黄色固体,(产率为64%),1HNMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δppm 8.48(s,1H),8.40(s,1H),7.62(s,1H),7.20(bs,1H),2.26(s,3H),1.10(s,9H);ESIMS,对应于C11H15BrN2O m/z 272.80(M+H)。
N-(5-溴吡啶-3-基)丁酰胺(XXIV):黄色固体,(产率为86%),1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δppm 8.48-8.39(m,3H),7.38(bs,1H),2.40-2.36(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),1.81-1.72(m,2H),1.03-0.98(t,J=7.2Hz,3H);ESIMS,对应于C9H11BrN2O m/z 242.90(M+H)。
N-(5-溴吡啶-3-基)戊酰胺(XXV):灰白色固体,(产率为75%),1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δppm 8.47-8.39(m,3H),7.33(bs,1H),2.41-2.38(t,2H,J=7.6Hz,2H),1.75-1.68(m,2H),1.45-1.36(m,2H),0.97-0.93(t,,J=7.2Hz,3H);ESIMS,对应于C10H13BrN2O m/z256.90(M+H)。
N-(5-溴吡啶-3-基)环丙烷羧酰胺(XXVI):灰白色固体,(产率为83%),1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δppm 8.46-8.39(m,3H),7.54(bs,1H),1.56-1.50(m,1H),1.13-1.07(m,2H),0.96-0.90(m,2H);ESIMS,对应于C9H9BrN2O m/z 240.85(M+H)。
N-(5-溴吡啶-3-基)环丁烷羧酰胺(XXVII):灰白色固体,(产率为54%),1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δppm 8.97-8.39(m,3H),7.21(bs,1H),3.20-3.16(m,1H),2.42-2.24(m,4H),2.05-1.94(m,2H);ESIMS,对应于C10H11BrN2O m/z256.90(M+H)。
N-(5-溴吡啶-3-基)环己烷羧酰胺(XXVIII):浅黄色固体,(产率为89%),1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δppm 8.49-8.38(m,3H),7.61(bs,1H),2.30-2.23(dd,1H,J=3.2Hz,J=11.6Hz,1H),1.96-1.49(m,4H),1.34-1.19(m,3H);ESIMS,对应于C12H15BrN2O m/z 284.75(M+H)。
N-(5-溴吡啶-3-基)苯甲酰胺(XXIX):灰白色固体,(产率为85%),1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δppm 8.58-8.57(m,2H),8.44-4.43(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),8.03(bs,1H),7.88-7.86(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),7.61-7.49(m,3H).;ESIMS,对应于C12H9BrN2O m/z 278.75(M+H)。
N-(5-溴吡啶-3-基)-2-苯基乙酰胺(XXX):灰白色固体,(产率为59%),1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δppm 8.37-8.31(m,3H),7.41-7.30(m,6H),3.75(s,2H);ESIMS,对应于C13H11BrN2O m/z 292.72(M+H)。
实施例1.
化合物(3)的制备如以下方案6所示。
试剂和条件:a)KOAc,PdCl2(dppf)2,DMF,80℃,2小时;b)K2PO4,Pd(PPh3)4,DMF,H2O,90℃,3小时;c)DMF,硫,140℃,ON;d)Et3SiH,DCM,TFA,室温,2小时。
步骤a-b
将5-碘-1-(四氢-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑-3-醛(I)(1.068克,3.0毫摩尔)、双(频哪醇合)二硼(0.914克,3.6毫摩尔)、KOAc(0.883克,9.0毫摩尔)和干燥DMF(20毫升)的溶液用氮气吹扫。将PdCl2(dppf)2加入反应,再次用氮气吹扫。将溶液在80℃加热2小时。在TLC显示通式(I)的化合物消失后,立即将溶液冷却到室温。向该溶液中加入K3PO4(0.955克,4.5毫摩尔),5-溴-N-(环丙基甲基)烟酰胺(XVII)(0.765克,3.0毫摩尔),Pd(PPh3)4(104毫克,0.09毫摩尔)和水(2毫升)。用氮气吹扫溶液,在90℃加热3小时。使反应物通过硅藻土(Celite)垫,然后在减压下浓缩。将残余物溶解在DCM中,用水和盐水洗涤,用MgSO4干燥,然后在真空下蒸发。粗产物在硅胶柱上纯化(100%EtOAc→2:98MeOH:DCM),得到黄色固体N-(环丙基甲基)-5-(3-甲酰基-1-(四氢-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基)烟酰胺(XXXI)(1.09克,2.7毫摩尔,产率为90%)。1H NMR(DMSO-d6)δppm 0.20-0.31(m,2H),0.35-0.57(m,2H),1.65(m,2H),1.74-1.87(m,1H),2.10(d,J=12.06Hz,2H),2.35-2.44(m,1H),3.10-3.27(m,3H),3.78-3.99(m,2H),6.14(d,J=7.35Hz,1H),7.90-8.14(m,2H),8.50(d,J=12.5,2H),9.05(dd,J=14.60,1.98Hz,2H),10.25(s,1H);ESIMS,对应于C23H24N4O3m/z 405(M+H)。
步骤c
将N-(环丙基甲基)-5-(3-甲酰基-1-(四氢-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基)烟酰胺(XXXI)(0.404克,1.0毫摩尔)、3,3'-联吡啶-4,5-二胺(XV)(186毫克,1.0毫摩尔)和硫(35毫克,1.1毫摩尔)的干燥DMF(10毫升)溶液在140℃加热过夜。将反应冷却,在真空下蒸发。将残余物悬浮在水中,超声处理并过滤。用冷水洗涤固体,在真空下干燥。将粗产物溶解在DCM中,冷却到4℃过夜,得到褐色固体N-(环丙基甲基)-5-(3-(7-(吡啶-3-基)-3H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2-基)-1-(四氢-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基)烟酰胺(XXXII)(130毫克,0.23毫摩尔,产率为23%)。1H NMR(DMSO-d6)δppm 0.19-0.37(m,2H),0.36-0.58(m,2H),0.97-1.115(m,1H),1.67(br,2H),2.14(d,J=9.98Hz,2H),2.40-2.46(m,1H),3.20-3.33(m,3H),3.75-4.14(m,2H),6.13(d,J=8.29Hz,1H),7.60(dd,J=7.82,4.80Hz,1H),7.92-8.12(m,3H),8.20(d,J=8.67Hz,1H),8.55-8.67(m,2H),8.94(br s,3H),9.06(d,J=1.88Hz,1H),9.19(d,J=1.87Hz,1H);ESIMS,对应于C33H30N8O2m/z 571(M+H)。
步骤d
将N-(环丙基甲基)-5-(3-(7-(吡啶-3-基)-3H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2-基)-1-(四氢-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基)烟酰胺(XXXII)(125毫克,0.22毫摩尔)和Et3SiH(87微升,0.55毫摩尔)的DCM(5毫升)溶液缓慢加入TFA(2.5毫升)。将反应在室温下搅拌3小时。将反应在真空下蒸发,用水处理残余物,用氨水碱化。过滤固体,用冷水洗涤,干燥。将粗产物在MeOH中加热,热过滤,以除去杂质。将热MeOH溶液缓慢冷却到室温,得到灰白色固体N-(环丙基甲基)-5-(3-(7-(吡啶-3-基)-3H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基)烟酰胺(3)(48毫克,0.10毫摩尔,产率为44%)。1H NMR(DMSO-d6)δppm 0.28(d,J=4.28Hz,2H),0.42-0.58(m,2H),1.09(br s,1H),3.25(t,J=6.06Hz,2H),7.50-7.70(m,1H),7.79-8.11(m,2H),8.48-8.68(m,1H),8.69-8.82(m,1H),8.81-8.97(m,3H),9.00-9.18(m,2H),9.46(br s,1H);ESIMS,对应于C28H22N8O m/z 487(M+H)。
根据上述实施例1所述的步骤制备以下化合物。
5-(3-(3H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基)-N-(哌啶-4-基)烟酰胺1
1H NMR(DMSO-d6)δppm 1.55-1.75(m,2H),1.90-2.05(m,2H),2.78-2.90(t,2H),3.15-3.25(d,2H),3.95-4.12(m,1H),7.65(br s,1H),7.87(dd,2H),8.31(d,1H),8.53(s,1H),8.79(s,1H),8.98(s,2H),9.13(s,1H);ESIMS,对应于C24H22N8O m/z 439(M+H)。
5-(3-(3H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基)-N-(环己基甲基)烟酰胺2
1H NMR(DMSO-d6)δppm 0.98-1.15(m,2H),1.2-1.39(m,3H),1.64-1.89(m,6H),3.21-3.35(m,2H),7.73(d,1H),7.82(d,1H),7.88(d,1H),8.34(s,1H),8.62(s,1H),8.86(s,1H),8.96(s,1H),8.99(s,1H),9.12(s,1H);ESIMS,对应于C26H25N7O m/z 452(M+H)。
N-(5-(3-(7-(吡啶-3-基)-3H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基)吡啶-3-基)丙酰胺4
1H NMR(DMSO-d6)δppm 1.15(t,J=7.16Hz,3H),2.40(q,2H),7.60(br s,1H),7.85(br s,3H),8.39-8.54(m,1H),8.66(br s,2H),8.77(s,1H),8.82(s,1H),8.97(br s,1H),;ESIMS,对应于C26H20N8O m/z 461(M+H)。
N-(5-(3-(7-(吡啶-3-基)-3H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基)吡啶-3-基)异丁酰胺11
深褐色固体(产率为40%)。1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz,)δppm 14.01(br s,1H),13.79(br s,1H),10.19(s,1H),9.42(s,1H),8.87-8.47(m,8H),7.83-7.78(m,2H),7.57-7.54(m,1H),2.69-2.62(m,2H),1.14-1.13(d,J=6.8Hz,6H)。ESIMS,对应于C27H22N8O m/z475.10(M+H)。
N-(5-(3-(7-(吡啶-3-基)-3H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基)吡啶-3-基)环丙烷羧酰胺12
深褐色固体(产率为23%)。1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz,)δppm 14.03(s,1H),13.80(s,1H),10.59(s,1H),9.45(s,1H),8.92-8.65(m 7H),8.47(s,1H),7.83(s,2H),7.57(s,1H),1.88-1.86(m,1H),0.88-0.87(m,4H)。ESIMS,对应于C27H20N8O m/z 473.15(M+H)。
3-甲基-N-(5-(3-(7-(吡啶-3-基)-3H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基)吡啶-3-基)丁酰胺15
深褐色固体(产率为14%)。1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz,)δppm 14.03(s,1H),13.78(br s,1H),10.24(s,1H),9.46(s,1H),8.89-8.76(m,4H),8.75-8.39(m,4H),7.86-7.82(m,2H),7.59-7.58(m,1H),2.30-2.28(d,J=6.8Hz,2H),2.18-2.12(m,1H),0.99-097(d,J=6.4Hz,6H)。ESIMS,对应于C28H24N8O m/z 489.20(M+H)。
N-(5-(3-(7-(吡啶-3-基)-3H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基)吡啶-3-基)苯甲酰胺16
深褐色固体(产率为30%)。1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz,)δppm 14.04(s,1H),13.80(s,1H),10.63(s,1H),9.45(s,1H),9.00-8.74(m,6H),8.63(s,1H),8.36(s,1H),8.07-8.05(m,2H),7.88-7.86(m,2H),7.67-7.52(m,4H)。ESIMS,对应于C30H20N8O m/z 509.05(M+H)。
N-(5-(3-(7-(吡啶-3-基)-3H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基)吡啶-3-基)新戊酰胺17
深褐色固体(产率为43%)。1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz,)δppm 14.03(s,1H),13.79(br s,1H),9.57(s,1H),9.46(s,1H),8.92-8.81(m,4H),8.75-8.49(m,4H),7.84(s,2H),7.59-7.56(m,1H),1.29(s,9H)。ESIMS,对应于C28H24N8O m/z489.15(M+H)。
3,3-二甲基-N-(5-(3-(7-(吡啶-3-基)-3H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基)吡啶-3-基)丁酰胺18
深褐色固体(产率为32%)。1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz,)δppm 14.03(s,1H),13.77(s,1H),10.18(s,1H),9.46(s,1H),8.89-8.75(m,4H),8.65-8.40(m,2H),7.86-7.79(m,2H),7.59-7.56(m,2H),2.29(s,2H),1.06(s,9H)。ESIMS,对应于C29H26N8O m/z 503.15(M+H)。
N-(5-(3-(7-(吡啶-3-基)-3H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基)吡啶-3-基)环己烷羧酰胺19
灰白色固体(产率为17%)。1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz,)δppm 14.04(s,1H),13.78(s,1H),10.20(s,1H),9.45(s,1H),8.89-8.51(m,7H),7.83(s,2H),7.59(s,2H),1.90-1.66(m,5H),1.47-1.22(m,6H)。ESIMS,对应于C30H26N8O m/z515.15(M+H)。
N-(5-(3-(7-(吡啶-3-基)-3H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基)吡啶-3-基)丁酰胺20
深褐色固体(产率为34%)。1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz,)δppm 14.07(s,1H),10.26(s,1H),9.40(s,1H),8.96(s,1H),8.80-8.65(m,6H),8.48(s,2H),7.87-7.81(m,2H),7.62-7.59(m,1H),2.41-2.38(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),1.70-1.64(m,2H),0.98-0.94(t,J=7.2Hz,3H)。ESIMS,对应于C27H22N8O m/z 475.10(M+H)。
N-(5-(3-(7-(吡啶-3-基)-3H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基)吡啶-3-基)环丁烷羧酰胺21
灰白色固体(产率为21%)。1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz,)δppm 13.09(s,1H),13.06(s,1H),10.11(s,1H),9.43(bs,1H),8.92-8.78(m 6H),8.49(s,2H),7.82(s,2H),7.58-7.56(m,1H),2.31-2.27(m,4H),2.19-2.17(m,2H),2.02-1.95(m,1H)。ESIMS,对应于C28H22N8O m/z 487.10(M+H)。
2-苯基-N-(5-(3-(7-(吡啶-3-基)-3H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基)吡啶-3-基)乙酰胺22
灰白色固体(产率为40%)。1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz,)δppm 13.99(s,1H),13.00(s,1H),10.58(s,1H),9.41(s,1H),8.90-8.49(m,8H),7.85-7.83(m,2H),7.52-7.27(m,6H),3.76(s,2H)。ESIMS,对应于C31H22N8O m/z 523.15(M+H)。
N-(5-(3-(7-(吡啶-3-基)-3H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基)吡啶-3-基)戊酰胺23
深褐色固体(产率为28%)。1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz,)δppm 14.05(s,1H),13.01(s,1H),10.26(s,1H),9.39(s,1H),8.95-8.65(m 7H),8.47(s,1H),7.86-7.80(m,2H),7.61-7.58(m,1H),2.43-2.40(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),1.65-1.59(m,2H),1.40-1.34(m,2H),0.94-0.90(t,J=7.2Hz,3H)。ESIMS,对应于C28H24N8O m/z 489.15(M+H)。
给药和药物组合物
一些实施方式包括药物组合物,其包含:(a)安全且治疗有效量的吲唑或其相应的对映异构体、非对映异构体或互变异构体,或药学上可接受的盐;和(b)药学上可接受的载体。
文中揭示的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐的给药可通过任何可接受的起类似作用的试剂的给药方式进行,包括但不限于,口服给药,皮下给药,静脉内给药,鼻内给药,局部给药,经皮给药,腹膜内给药,肌内给药,肺内给药,经阴道给药,经直肠给药,或眼内给药。在治疗所述症状时常采用口服给药和胃肠外给药。
用于药物用途的本发明化合物可作为晶体产品或无定形产品给药。药学上可接受的组合物包括固体、半固体、液体和气溶胶剂型,例如片剂、胶囊、粉末、液体、混悬剂、栓剂、气溶胶等。可通过沉淀、结晶、冻干、喷干或蒸干之类的方法以(例如)膜的形式得到上述组合物。微波或射频干燥可用于此目的。这些化合物也可以缓释或控释剂型给予,包括长效注射剂、渗透泵、丸剂、经皮(包括电转运)贴片等,使得以预定的速率长时间给予和/或定时、脉冲给予。较佳地,所述组合物以适合单次给予精确剂量的单位剂型提供。
所述组合物可单独给药,或者更常规地与常用的药物载体、赋形剂等组合给药。在本文中,术语"赋形剂"用于描述除本发明化合物以外的任何组分。药学上可接受的赋形剂包括但不限于:离子交换剂,氧化铝,硬脂酸铝,卵磷脂,自乳化药物递送系统(SEDDS),例如d-α-生育酚聚乙二醇1000琥珀酸酯,药物剂型中使用的表面活性剂,例如吐温(Tweens)或其它类似的聚合物递送基质,血清蛋白,例如人血清白蛋白,缓冲物质,例如磷酸盐,丙三醇,山梨酸,山梨酸钾,饱和植物脂肪酸的部分甘油酯混合物,水,盐或电解质,例如硫酸鱼精蛋白,磷酸氢二钠,磷酸氢钾,氯化钠,锌盐,胶体二氧化硅,三硅酸镁,聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮,基于纤维素的物质,聚乙二醇,羧甲基纤维素钠,聚丙烯酸酯,蜡,聚乙烯-聚氧化丙烯-嵌段聚合物,以及羊毛脂。环糊精如α-、β和γ-环糊精,或化学改性的衍生物如羟烷基环糊精,包括2-和3-羟丙基-b-环糊精,或其它溶液化的衍生物也可有利地用于提高文中所述的通式的化合物的递送。可制备包含0.005%-100%的文中所述化合物和余量的非毒性载体的剂型或组合物。所考虑的组合物可包含0.001%-100%的活性组分,在一个实施方式中为0.1-95%,在另一个实施方式中为75-85%。制备这种剂型的实际方法是已知的,或是本领域技术人员所明白的;例如参见雷明登药物科学和实践(Remington:The Science andPractice of Pharmacy),第21版(Lippincott Williams&Wilkins.2005)。
在一个优选的实施方式中,组合物可采取丸剂或片剂等单位剂型形式,因此组合物除活性成分外,还可包含:稀释剂如乳糖、蔗糖、磷酸二钙等;润滑剂如硬脂酸镁等;粘合剂如淀粉、阿拉伯胶、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、明胶、纤维素及其衍生物等。在另一种固体剂型中,粉末、药丸、溶液或混悬液(例如在碳酸亚丙酯、植物油或甘油三酸酯中)被包封在明胶胶囊内。也可以考虑其中两种活性成分物理上隔开的单位剂型,例如包含各药物颗粒的胶囊;双层片剂;双室凝胶胶囊等。
药学上可给予的液体组合物(例如)可通过以下方式制备:将上文所述的活性化合物以及任选的药用佐剂溶解、分散或以其它方式置于载体中,从而形成溶液或混悬液,所述载体例如是水、盐水、水性右旋糖、甘油、二醇、乙醇等。如果需要,药物组合物可还包含少量无毒辅助物质如润湿剂;乳化剂;增溶剂;pH缓冲剂等,例如醋酸钠、柠檬酸钠、环糊精衍生物、单月桂酸去水山梨糖醇酯、三乙醇胺乙酸酯、三乙醇胺油酸酯等。注射剂可以制备成常规形式,例如液体溶液或混悬液,或乳液,或适合在注射前溶解或悬浮在液体中的固体形式。这种胃肠外组合物中包含的活性化合物的百分数高度依赖于其特定性质,以及化合物的活性和对象的需要。但是,溶液中活性成分的百分含量可以为0.01%-10%,如果组合物是固体,则含量可以更高,随后可以稀释到上述百分含量。在一些实施方式中,组合物在溶液中包含0.2-2%的活性剂。
需要注意的是,浓度和剂量还会根据待缓解的症状的严重程度变化。需要进一步理解,对于任何具体的病人,应当随着时间根据个体的需求以及给予或监督组合物给予的个人的专业判断来调节具体的给药方案,本文所列具体浓度范围仅仅是示例性的,不会对所要求保护的组合物的范围或实施方式构成限制。
固体组合物可以不同类型的剂型提供,具体取决于药物的物理化学性质,所需的溶解速率,成本考虑和其它要求。在一个实施方式中,固体组合物是单一单位。单一单位是指一个单位剂量的药物包含在单个物理形状的固体形式或制品中。换言之,固体组合物是连贯的,这与多单位剂型不同,后者中各单位是不连贯的。
用作固体组合物的剂型的单一单位的例子包括片剂,例如压缩片剂,膜样单位,箔样单位,晶片,冻干基质单位,等等。在一个优选的实施方式中,固体组合物是高度多孔的冻干形式。有时这种冻干形式也称为晶片或冻干片剂,由于崩解迅速使得活性化合物能迅速溶解而特别合适。
另一方面,对于一些应用,固体组合物还可以上述多单位剂型形式形成。多单位的例子是粉末,颗粒,微粒,小丸,小球,冻干粉末等。在一个实施方式中,固体组合物是冻干粉末。这种分散的冻干体系包含大量粉末颗粒,并且由于在粉末形成中使用冻干工艺,各颗粒具有不规则的多孔微观结构,借助该结构粉末能非常迅速地吸收水,实现快速溶解。
也能实现快速药物溶解的另一类多颗粒体系是药物包衣的水溶性赋形剂的粉末、颗粒或小丸的体系,这样药物位于各颗粒的外表面上。在该类体系中,水溶性低分子量赋形剂可用于制备这类包衣颗粒的核,然后用包含药物和(优选地)一种或多种其它赋形剂的包衣组合物对核进行包衣,所述其它赋形剂例如是粘结剂,成孔剂,糖类,糖醇,成膜聚合物,增塑剂,或药物包衣组合物中使用的其它赋形剂。
文中还提供药盒。通常,药盒包含一种或多种文中所述的化合物或组合物。在一些实施方式中,药盒可包含一个或多个递送系统(例如,用于递送或给予上述化合物),以及药盒的使用说明(例如,治疗病人的指导)。在另一个实施方式中,药盒可包含文中所述的化合物或组合物和指示该内含物要给予患有癌症的病人的标签。在另一个实施方式中,药盒可包含文中所述的化合物或组合物和指示该内含物要给予患有以下疾病中的一种或多种的病人的标签:肝细胞癌,结肠癌,白血病,淋巴瘤,肉瘤,卵巢癌,糖尿病性视网膜病,新生血管性青光眼,类风湿性关节炎,银屑病,霉菌和病毒感染,骨软骨发育不良,阿耳茨海默病,骨关节炎,结肠息肉病,骨质疏松-假性神经胶质瘤综合征,家族性渗出性玻璃体视网膜病变,视网膜血管发生,早期冠心病,先天性四肢切断综合征,副中肾管退化和男性化,SERKAL综合征,2型糖尿病,富尔曼(Fuhrmann)综合征,AARRS(Al-Awadi/Raas-Rothschild/Schinzel)短肢综合征,牙-甲-皮肤发育异常,肥胖症,裂手/足畸形,尾侧重复综合征,先天性缺牙,维尔姆斯瘤,骨骼发育异常,灶性皮肤发育不全,常染色体隐性甲缺如,神经管缺陷,α地中海贫血(ATRX)综合征,脆性X综合征,ICF综合征,安琪曼(Angelman)综合征,帕-魏二氏综合征,贝-威二氏综合征和Rett综合征。
本发明的活性化合物的实际剂量取决于具体的化合物,要治疗的疾病;适当剂量的选择在本领域技术人员掌握的知识范围内。
治疗方法
本文提供的化合物和组合物可用作Wnt途径中一个或多个成员(包括一种或多种Wnt蛋白)的抑制剂,因此可用于治疗涉及Wnt信号传导异常的各种病症和疾病,例如癌症或与血管生成异常、细胞增殖和细胞周期相关的其它疾病。因此,本文提供的化合物和组合物可用于治疗癌症、减轻或抑制血管生成、减轻或抑制细胞增殖和纠正Wnt信号传导组分突变所致遗传病症。可利用本文提供的化合物和组合物治疗的疾病的非限制性例子包括:各种癌症,糖尿病性视网膜病,新生血管性青光眼,类风湿性关节炎,银屑病,霉菌和病毒感染,骨软骨发育不良,阿耳茨海默病,骨关节炎,结肠息肉病,骨质疏松-假性神经胶质瘤综合征,家族性渗出性玻璃体视网膜病变,视网膜血管发生,早期冠心病,先天性四肢切断综合征,副中肾管退化和男性化,SERKAL综合征,2型糖尿病,富尔曼(Fuhrmann)综合征,AARRS(Al-Awadi/Raas-Rothschild/Schinzel)短肢综合征,牙-甲-皮肤发育异常,肥胖症,裂手/足畸形,尾侧重复综合征,先天性缺牙,维尔姆斯瘤,骨骼发育异常,灶性皮肤发育不全,常染色体隐性甲缺如,神经管缺陷,α地中海贫血(ATRX)综合征,脆性X综合征,ICF综合征,安琪曼(Angelman)综合征,帕-魏二氏综合征,贝-威二氏综合征和Rett综合征。
对于癌症,已知Wnt途径在各种癌症,包括(例如)结肠癌、肝细胞癌、肺癌、卵巢癌、前列腺癌、胰腺癌和白血病,如CML、CLL和T-ALL中组成型激活。所述组成型激活是组成型活性β-连锁蛋白所致,可能是因为相互作用因子使其稳定或是降解途径遭抑制。所以,本文所述的化合物和组合物可用于治疗其中Wnt途径组成型激活的这些癌症。在某些实施方式中,所述癌症选自肝细胞癌、结肠癌、白血病、淋巴瘤、肉瘤和卵巢癌。
本文所述的化合物和组合物还可治疗其它癌症。
更具体地说,本文所述化合物、组合物和方法可治疗的癌症包括但不限于以下:
1)乳腺癌,包括例如ER+乳腺癌,ER-乳腺癌,her2-乳腺癌,her2+乳腺癌,间质肿瘤,例如纤维腺瘤,叶状肿瘤和肉瘤,以及上皮肿瘤,例如大管道乳头状瘤;乳房恶性肿瘤,包括原位(非浸润性)癌和浸润性(浸润)癌,原位(非浸润性)癌包括原位导管癌(包括佩吉特病)和原位小叶癌,浸润性(浸润)癌包括但不限于浸润性导管癌,浸润性小叶癌,髓样癌,胶样(粘液)癌,管状癌和浸润性乳头状癌;以及各种恶性肿瘤。乳腺癌的其它例子可包括管状A型(luminal A),管状B型(luminal B),基底A型(basal A),基底B型(basal B),以及三阴乳腺癌,它是雌激素受体阴性(ER-)、孕酮受体阴性和her2阴性的(her2-)。在一些实施方式中,乳腺癌可具有高风险Oncotype评分。
2)贲门癌,包括例如肉瘤,例如血管肉瘤,纤维肉瘤,横纹肌肉瘤和脂肉瘤;粘液瘤;横纹肌瘤;纤维瘤;脂肪瘤和畸胎瘤。
3)肺癌,包括例如支气管癌,例如鳞状上皮细胞癌,未分化小细胞癌,未分化大细胞癌和腺癌;肺泡和细支气管癌;支气管腺瘤;肉瘤;淋巴瘤;软骨瘤性错构瘤;和间皮瘤。
4)胃肠癌,包括例如食管癌,例如鳞状上皮细胞癌,腺癌,平滑肌肉瘤和淋巴瘤;胃癌,例如癌瘤,淋巴瘤和平滑肌肉瘤;胰腺癌,例如导管腺癌,胰岛素瘤,胰高血糖素瘤,胃泌素瘤,类癌瘤和舒血管肠肽瘤;小肠癌,例如腺癌,淋巴瘤,类癌瘤,卡波西肉瘤,平滑肌瘤,血管瘤,脂肪瘤,神经纤维瘤和纤维瘤;大肠癌,例如腺癌,管状腺瘤,绒毛状腺瘤,错构瘤和平滑肌瘤。
5)生殖泌尿道癌,包括例如肾癌,例如腺癌,维尔姆斯瘤(肾胚细胞瘤),淋巴瘤和白血病;膀胱和尿道癌症,例如鳞状上皮细胞癌,移行细胞癌和腺癌;前列腺癌,例如腺癌和肉瘤;睾丸癌,例如精原细胞瘤,畸胎瘤,胚胎性癌,畸胎癌,绒毛膜癌,肉瘤,间质细胞癌,纤维瘤,纤维腺瘤,腺瘤样瘤和脂肪瘤。
6)肝癌,包括例如肝癌,例如肝细胞癌;胆管癌;肝毒细胞瘤;血管肉瘤;肝细胞腺瘤;和血管瘤。
7)骨癌,包括例如成骨肉瘤(骨肉瘤),纤维肉瘤,恶性纤维组织细胞瘤,软骨肉瘤,尤因肉瘤,恶性淋巴瘤(网状细胞肉瘤),多发性骨髓瘤,恶性巨细胞瘤脊索瘤,骨软骨瘤(骨软骨外生骨疣),良性软骨瘤,成软骨细胞瘤,软骨粘液样纤维瘤(chondromyxofibroma),骨样骨瘤和巨细胞瘤。
8)神经系统癌,包括例如颅癌,例如骨瘤,血管瘤,肉芽瘤,黄色瘤和畸形性骨炎;脑膜癌,例如脑脊膜瘤,脑脊膜肉瘤和神经胶质瘤病;脑癌,例如星形细胞瘤,成神经管细胞瘤,神经胶质瘤,室管膜瘤,生殖细胞瘤(松果体瘤),多形性成胶质细胞瘤(glioblastomamultiform),少突神经胶质瘤,神经鞘瘤,视网膜母细胞瘤和先天性肿瘤;和脊髓癌,例如神经纤维瘤,脑脊膜瘤,神经胶质瘤和肉瘤。
9)妇科癌症,包括例如子宫癌,例如子宫内膜癌;宫颈癌,例如子宫颈癌(cervicalcarcinoma),癌前宫颈非典型增生;卵巢癌症,例如卵巢癌(ovarian carcinoma),包括浆液性囊腺癌,粘液性囊腺癌,未分类癌,颗粒-卵泡膜细胞癌,撑持细胞睾丸间质细胞瘤(Sertoli Leydig cell tumors),无性细胞瘤和恶性畸胎瘤;外阴癌,例如鳞状上皮细胞癌,上皮内癌,腺癌,纤维肉瘤和黑素瘤;阴道癌,例如透明细胞癌,鳞状上皮细胞癌,葡萄状肉瘤和胚胎性横纹肌肉瘤;输卵管癌,例如癌瘤。
10)血液癌症,包括例如血癌,例如急性髓细胞样白血病,慢性髓细胞样白血病,急性成淋巴细胞性白血病,慢性淋巴细胞性白血病,骨髓增生性疾病,多发性骨髓瘤和骨髓增生异常综合征,何杰金氏淋巴瘤,非何杰金氏淋巴瘤(恶性淋巴瘤)和瓦尔登斯特伦氏巨球蛋白血症。
11)皮肤癌和皮肤病症,包括例如恶性黑色素瘤,基底细胞癌,鳞状上皮细胞癌,卡波西肉瘤,莫尔斯发育不良痣(moles dysplastic nevi),脂肪瘤,血管瘤,皮肤纤维瘤,瘢痕瘤和银屑病。
12)肾上腺癌,包括例如成神经细胞瘤。
癌症可以是转移性或非转移性实体瘤。癌症还可以作为弥散性组织发生,例如白血病。因此,本文提供的术语“肿瘤细胞”包括受上述任一疾病影响的细胞。
利用本文所述化合物或组合物治疗癌症的方法可与现有的癌症治疗方法,例如化疗、放疗或外科手术(如卵巢切除术)联用。在一些实施方式中,可在另一抗癌症药物或治疗之前、期间或之后给予化合物或组合物。
本文所述化合物和组合物可用作抗血管生成药剂和调节和/或抑制蛋白激酶活性的药剂,因此能治疗癌症和与蛋白激酶介导的细胞增殖相关的其它疾病。例如,本文所述化合物可抑制一种或多种激酶,例如CDK、VEGF、CLK、HIPK、Abl、JAK和CHK-1或其细胞周期蛋白复合物的活性。因此,本文提供通过抑制激酶,例如抑制VEGF、CHK-1、CLK、HIPK、Abl、JAK、CDK4或CDK4/D-型细胞周期蛋白复合物和/或CDK2或CDK2/E-型细胞周期蛋白复合物来治疗癌症或预防或减轻血管生成的方法。
此外,本文所述化合物和组合物可用作细胞周期控制剂以便治疗患者的增殖性疾病。过度增殖有关的疾病包括,例如癌症、银屑病、涉及白细胞不良增殖的免疫疾病以及再狭窄和其它平滑肌疾病。此外,此类化合物可用于预防有丝分裂后组织和/或细胞的去分化。
细胞增殖不受控或异常相关的疾病或病症包括但不限于以下:
·各种癌症,包括但不限于癌瘤,淋巴谱系的造血系统肿瘤,骨髓谱系的造血系统肿瘤,间充质来源的肿瘤,中枢和周围神经系统的肿瘤,以及其它肿瘤,包括黑素瘤,精原细胞瘤和卡波西肉瘤。
·以异常细胞增殖为特征的疾病过程,例如良性前列腺增生,家族性腺瘤性息肉病,神经纤维瘤病,动脉粥样硬化,肺纤维化,关节炎,银屑病,小球肾炎,血管成形术或血管外科手术后再狭窄,肥厚性瘢痕形成,炎性肠病,移植排斥,内毒素性休克和真菌感染。
·凋亡缺陷相关的疾病,例如癌症(包括但不限于上述提到的类型),病毒感染(包括但不限于疱疹病毒,痘病毒,EB病毒,辛德比斯病毒和腺病毒),感染HIV的个体中AIDS发展的预防,自身免疫性疾病(包括但不限于系统性红斑狼疮,类风湿性关节炎,银屑病,自身免疫介导的肾小球肾炎,炎性肠病和自身免疫性糖尿病),神经变性疾病(包括但不限于阿耳茨海默病,肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化,色素性视网膜炎,帕金森病,爱滋病引起的痴呆症,脊髓性肌萎缩和小脑变性),骨髓增生异常综合征,再生障碍性贫血,与心肌梗塞相关的局部缺血性损伤,中风和再灌注损伤,心律不齐,动脉粥样硬化,毒素诱导的或酒精引起的肝病,血液疾病(包括但不限于慢性贫血和再生障碍性贫血),肌骨骼系统的退行性疾病(包括但不限于骨质疏松症和关节炎),阿司匹林过敏性鼻窦炎(aspirin-sensitiverhinosinusitis),囊性纤维化,多发性硬化症,肾脏疾病和癌性疼痛。
·Wnt信号传导组分突变所致遗传疾病,例如结肠息肉病,骨质疏松-假性神经胶质瘤综合征,家族性渗出性玻璃体视网膜病变,视网膜血管发生,早期冠心病,先天性四肢切断综合征,副中肾管退化和男性化,SERKAL综合征,2型糖尿病,富尔曼(Fuhrmann)综合征,AARRS(Al-Awadi/Raas-Rothschild/Schinzel)短肢综合征,牙-甲-皮肤发育异常,肥胖症,裂手/足畸形,尾侧重复综合征,先天性缺牙,维尔姆斯瘤,骨骼发育异常,灶性皮肤发育不全,常染色体隐性甲缺如,神经管缺陷,α地中海贫血(ATRX)综合征,脆性X综合征,ICF综合征,安琪曼(Angelman)综合征,帕-魏二氏综合征,贝-威二氏综合征和Rett综合征。
所述化合物和组合物还可用于抑制侵袭性癌症、肿瘤血管生成和转移的发生。
此外,所述化合物和组合物(例如,作为CDK的抑制剂)可调节细胞RNA和DNA合成水平,因此预计可用于治疗病毒感染,例如HIV、人乳头瘤病毒、疱疹病毒、EB病毒、腺病毒、辛德毕斯病毒、痘病毒等。
本文所述化合物和组合物可抑制,例如CDK/细胞周期蛋白复合物的激酶活性,例如在细胞周期的G0或G1期有活性的那些,如CDK2、CDK4和/或CDK6复合物。
生物学活性评估
采用本领域技术人员已知的任何合适试验,例如WO 2001/053268或WO2005/009997检验本文所述化合物的生物学活性。例如,可采用以下概述的一种或多种测试方法检验化合物的活性。
在一个实施例中,可筛选肿瘤细胞独立于Wnt的生长。在此类方法中,感兴趣的肿瘤细胞与感兴趣的化合物(即,抑制剂)接触,并监测,例如通过氚化胸苷的摄取监测细胞增殖。在一些实施方式中,可分离经筛选存在与Wnt信号传导途径突变相关的癌症的候选患者的肿瘤细胞。候选癌症包括但不限于以上列出的。
在另一实施例中,可采用Wnt生物学活性的体外试验,例如稳定β-连锁蛋白并促进干细胞生长。Wnt生物学活性的试验包括β-连锁蛋白的稳定情况,其可通过,例如连续稀释候选抑制剂组合物来检测。Wnt生物学活性的示范性试验将Wnt组合物在有候选抑制剂存在下与细胞,例如小鼠L细胞接触。将细胞培养足以稳定β-连锁蛋白的时期,通常是至少约1小时,然后裂解。通过SDS PAGE分辨细胞裂解液,然后转移至硝酸纤维素(膜)并用β-连锁蛋白的特异性抗体检测。
在进一步的实施例中,可采用爪蟾副轴生物学试验检测候选化合物的活性(Leyns,L等.Cell(1997),88(6),747-756)。
实施例2.
Wnt活性的另一筛选试验如下所述。可通过慢病毒构建物稳定转导的癌症细胞系(例如,结肠癌)的细胞来产生报道细胞系,所述慢病毒构建物包含驱动萤火虫荧光素酶基因表达的wnt-反应启动子。
可制备以下慢病毒构建物,其中SP5启动子,即具有衍生自SP5启动子的8个TCF/LEF结合位点的启动子连接在荧光素酶基因上游。所述慢病毒构建物还可包含潮霉素耐受性基因作为可选择标记。可利用SP5启动子构建物转导SW480细胞,这种结肠癌细胞系具有产生截短的APC蛋白的突变APC基因,从而导致β-连锁蛋白的失控累积。可利用含有SV40启动子控制下的荧光素酶基因的另一慢病毒构建物产生对照细胞系,其激活无需β-连锁蛋白。
可将携带报道构建物的培养SW480细胞以每孔约10,000个细胞分散在384孔多孔板中。然后可采用三微摩尔最高浓度(three micromolar top concentration),将小分子化合物文库的化合物以半对数稀释加入各孔。各细胞类型的一系列对照孔仅接受缓冲液和化合物溶剂。化合物加入后24小时,可测定荧光素酶的报道子活性,例如通过加入BrightGlo发光试剂(普罗迈格公司(Promega))和利用Victor3平板读数计(帕金埃尔默公司(Perkin Elmer))检测。可根据仅用DMSO处理的细胞标准化读数,然后将标准化的读数用于IC50计算。表2显示所选吲唑类似物的活性。
表2.
化合物 | 化合物 | ||
1 | >10μM | 16 | 0.38-1.17μM |
2 | >10μM | 17 | 32-50nM |
3 | >10μM | 18 | 21-39nM |
4 | 29-50nM | 19 | 86-206nM |
11 | 4nM | 20 | 63nM |
12 | 26-35nM | 21 | 29nM |
15 | 5.6nM | 23 | 34-64nM |
在本文中,术语“包含”与“包括”,“含有”或“特征在于”同义,为封闭式或开放式表述,并不排除其它未提及的要素或方法步骤。
Claims (27)
1.一种制备通式VII的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐的方法:
其中,
R3是-杂芳基R14R15,其中杂芳基是吡啶基或嘧啶基;
R6选自下组:H、C1-9烷基、卤素、-CF3、CN和杂芳基R13,其中杂芳基是吡啶基;
R7和R9独立地选自下组:H、C1-9烷基、卤素和-CF3;
各R10独立地选自下组:H、碳环基、苯基、-C1-9烷基和-CF3;
各R13是1-5个各自选自下组的取代基:H、C1-9烷基、卤素和-CF3;
R14选自下组:–NHC(=O)R10和–C(=O)NHR17;
R15是1-4个各自选自下组的取代基:H、C1-9烷基、卤素和-CF3;
各R17独立地选自下组:-杂环基R13、-(C1-9烷基)杂环基R13和-(C1-9烷基)碳环基R13,其中,杂环基指在环体系骨架中包含至少一个杂原子的环体系,其杂环是5-7元的,杂原子选自O、N或S,并且环体系中的至少一个环不是芳族的;并且碳环基表示在环体系骨架中仅含碳原子的环体系,其包含3-10个碳原子,并且环体系中的至少一个环不是芳族的;
Y1、Y2和Y4是碳;以及
Y3是氮,R8不存在;
该方法包括:
(a)使通式II的化合物
与通式III的化合物反应
R3—Br
III
以制造通式IV的化合物
(b)使通式IV的化合物与通式V的化合物反应
以制造通式VI的化合物
(c)对通式VI的化合物脱保护以制备通式VII的化合物。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,通式III的化合物是:
3.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,通式III的化合物选自下组:
4.如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,通式V的化合物是:
5.如权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,通式V的化合物选自下组:
6.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,使用铃木偶联进行通式II的化合物与通式III的化合物的反应。
7.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,使用硫调节的环化进行通式V的化合物与通式IV的化合物的反应。
8.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,通式VII的化合物选自下组:
或其药学上可接受的盐。
9.一种制备通式VII的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐的方法:
其中,
R3是-杂芳基R14R15,其中杂芳基是吡啶基或嘧啶基;
R6选自下组:H、C1-9烷基、卤素、-CF3、CN和杂芳基R13,其中杂芳基是吡啶基;
R7和R9独立地选自下组:H、C1-9烷基、卤素和-CF3;
各R10独立地选自下组:H、碳环基、苯基、-C1-9烷基和-CF3;
各R13是1-5个各自选自下组的取代基:H、C1-9烷基、卤素和-CF3;
R14选自下组:–NHC(=O)R10和–C(=O)NHR17;
R15是1-4个各自选自下组的取代基:H、C1-9烷基、卤素和-CF3;
各R17独立地选自下组:-杂环基R13、-(C1-9烷基)杂环基R13和-(C1-9烷基)碳环基R13,其中,杂环基指在环体系骨架中包含至少一个杂原子的环体系,其杂环是5-7元的,杂原子选自O、N或S,并且环体系中的至少一个环不是芳族的;并且碳环基表示在环体系骨架中仅含碳原子的环体系,其包含3-10个碳原子,并且环体系中的至少一个环不是芳族的;
Y1、Y2和Y4是碳;以及
Y3是氮,R8不存在;
该方法包括:
(a)使通式IV的化合物
与通式V的化合物反应
以制造通式VI的化合物
(b)对通式VI的化合物脱保护以制备通式VII的化合物。
10.如权利要求9所述的方法,其特征在于,通式V的化合物是:
11.如权利要求10所述的方法,其特征在于,通式V的化合物选自下组:
12.如权利要求9-11中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,使用硫调节的环化进行通式V的化合物与通式IV的化合物的反应。
13.如权利要求9所述的方法,其特征在于,通式VII的化合物选自下组:
或其药学上可接受的盐。
14.一种制备通式VII的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐的方法:
其中,
R3是-杂芳基R14R15,其中杂芳基是吡啶基或嘧啶基;
R6选自下组:H、C1-9烷基、卤素、-CF3、CN和杂芳基R13,其中杂芳基是吡啶基;
R7和R9独立地选自下组:H、C1-9烷基、卤素和-CF3;
各R10独立地选自下组:H、碳环基、苯基、-C1-9烷基和-CF3;
各R13是1-5个各自选自下组的取代基:H、C1-9烷基、卤素和-CF3;
R14选自下组:–NHC(=O)R10和–C(=O)NHR17;
R15是1-4个各自选自下组的取代基:H、C1-9烷基、卤素和-CF3;
各R17独立地选自下组:-杂环基R13、-(C1-9烷基)杂环基R13和-(C1-9烷基)碳环基R13,其中,杂环基指在环体系骨架中包含至少一个杂原子的环体系,其杂环是5-7元的,杂原子选自O、N或S,并且环体系中的至少一个环不是芳族的;并且碳环基表示在环体系骨架中仅含碳原子的环体系,其包含3-10个碳原子,并且环体系中的至少一个环不是芳族的;
Y1、Y2和Y4是碳;以及
Y3是氮,R8不存在;
该方法包括:
(a)对通式VI的化合物脱保护以制备通式VII的化合物
15.如权利要求14所述的方法,其特征在于,通式VII的化合物选自下组:
或其药学上可接受的盐。
16.一种制备通式VI的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐的方法:
其中,
R3是-杂芳基R14R15,其中杂芳基是吡啶基或嘧啶基;
R6选自下组:H、C1-9烷基、卤素、-CF3、CN和杂芳基R13,其中杂芳基是吡啶基;
R7和R9独立地选自下组:H、C1-9烷基、卤素和-CF3;
各R10独立地选自下组:H、碳环基、苯基、-C1-9烷基和-CF3;
各R13是1-5个各自选自下组的取代基:H、C1-9烷基、卤素和-CF3;
R14选自下组:–NHC(=O)R10和–C(=O)NHR17;
R15是1-4个各自选自下组的取代基:H、C1-9烷基、卤素和-CF3;
各R17独立地选自下组:-杂环基R13、-(C1-9烷基)杂环基R13和-(C1-9烷基)碳环基R13,其中,杂环基指在环体系骨架中包含至少一个杂原子的环体系,其杂环是5-7元的,杂原子选自O、N或S,并且环体系中的至少一个环不是芳族的;并且碳环基表示在环体系骨架中仅含碳原子的环体系,其包含3-10个碳原子,并且环体系中的至少一个环不是芳族的;
Y1、Y2和Y4是碳;以及
Y3是氮,R8不存在;
该方法包括:
(d)使通式II的化合物
与通式III的化合物反应
R3—Br
III
以制造通式IV的化合物
(e)使通式IV的化合物与通式V的化合物反应
以制造通式VI的化合物。
17.如权利要求16所述的方法,其特征在于,通式III的化合物是:
18.如权利要求16所述的方法,其特征在于,通式III的化合物选自下组:
19.如权利要求16所述的方法,其特征在于,通式V的化合物是:
20.如权利要求16-19中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,通式V的化合物选自下组:
21.如权利要求16所述的方法,其特征在于,使用铃木偶联进行通式II的化合物与通式III的化合物的反应。
22.如权利要求16所述的方法,其特征在于,使用硫调节的环化进行通式V的化合物与通式IV的化合物的反应。
23.一种制备通式VI的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐的方法:
其中,
R3是-杂芳基R14R15,其中杂芳基是吡啶基或嘧啶基;
R6选自下组:H、C1-9烷基、卤素、-CF3、CN和杂芳基R13,其中杂芳基是吡啶基;
R7和R9独立地选自下组:H、C1-9烷基、卤素和-CF3;
各R10独立地选自下组:H、碳环基、苯基、-C1-9烷基和-CF3;
各R13是1-5个各自选自下组的取代基:H、C1-9烷基、卤素和-CF3;
R14选自下组:–NHC(=O)R10和–C(=O)NHR17;
R15是1-4个各自选自下组的取代基:H、C1-9烷基、卤素和-CF3;
各R17独立地选自下组:-杂环基R13、-(C1-9烷基)杂环基R13和-(C1-9烷基)碳环基R13,其中,杂环基指在环体系骨架中包含至少一个杂原子的环体系,其杂环是5-7元的,杂原子选自O、N或S,并且环体系中的至少一个环不是芳族的;并且碳环基表示在环体系骨架中仅含碳原子的环体系,其包含3-10个碳原子,并且环体系中的至少一个环不是芳族的;
Y1、Y2和Y4是碳;以及
Y3是氮,R8不存在;
该方法包括:
(c)使通式IV的化合物
与通式V的化合物反应
以制造通式VI的化合物。
24.如权利要求23所述的方法,其特征在于,通式V的化合物是:
25.如权利要求24所述的方法,其特征在于,通式V的化合物选自下组:
26.如权利要求24-25中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,使用硫调节的环化进行通式V的化合物与通式IV的化合物的反应。
27.一种通式VI的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐:
其中,
R3是-杂芳基R14R15,其中杂芳基是吡啶基或嘧啶基;
R6选自下组:H、C1-9烷基、卤素、-CF3、CN和杂芳基R13,其中杂芳基是吡啶基;
R7和R9独立地选自下组:H、C1-9烷基、卤素和-CF3;
各R10独立地选自下组:H、碳环基、苯基、-C1-9烷基和-CF3;
各R13是1-5个各自选自下组的取代基:H、C1-9烷基、卤素和-CF3;
R14选自下组:–NHC(=O)R10和–C(=O)NHR17;
R15是1-4个各自选自下组的取代基:H、C1-9烷基、卤素和-CF3;
各R17独立地选自下组:-杂环基R13、-(C1-9烷基)杂环基R13和-(C1-9烷基)碳环基R13,其中,杂环基指在环体系骨架中包含至少一个杂原子的环体系,其杂环是5-7元的,杂原子选自O、N或S,并且环体系中的至少一个环不是芳族的;并且碳环基表示在环体系骨架中仅含碳原子的环体系,其包含3-10个碳原子,并且环体系中的至少一个环不是芳族的;
Y1、Y2和Y4是碳;以及
Y3是氮,R8不存在。
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