CN104901566B - Inverter and control method thereof - Google Patents
Inverter and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104901566B CN104901566B CN201510078631.XA CN201510078631A CN104901566B CN 104901566 B CN104901566 B CN 104901566B CN 201510078631 A CN201510078631 A CN 201510078631A CN 104901566 B CN104901566 B CN 104901566B
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/36—Means for starting or stopping converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
- H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
- H02H7/122—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for inverters, i.e. DC/AC converters
- H02H7/1225—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for inverters, i.e. DC/AC converters responsive to internal faults, e.g. shoot-through
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from AC input or output
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
- Electronic Switches (AREA)
- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种逆变装置，包含直流转直流转换器、直流转交流转换器及控制电路。直流转直流转换器用以依据控制信号来将输入电源转换为直流电源。直流转交流转换器耦接于直流转直流转换器，用以接收直流电源，并依据直流电源来产生交流电源。控制电路耦接于直流转直流转换器，用以依据参考电源及输入电源来产生控制信号以控制直流转直流转换器的操作，对控制信号进行检测以产生检测结果，以及依据检测结果来控制参考电源以调整控制信号的责任周期。使得本发明的逆变装置能够藉由侦测初级侧转换电路的控制信号来得知其工作状态，并适应性地调整控制信号的信号准位/责任周期，故可于间歇模式中维持稳定的运作，而广泛应用于各种能量转换架构之中。
The present invention discloses an inverter device, comprising a DC-to-DC converter, a DC-to-AC converter and a control circuit. The DC-to-DC converter is used to convert input power into DC power according to a control signal. The DC-to-AC converter is coupled to the DC-to-DC converter, used to receive DC power, and generate AC power according to the DC power. The control circuit is coupled to the DC-to-DC converter, used to generate a control signal according to a reference power and an input power to control the operation of the DC-to-DC converter, detect the control signal to generate a detection result, and control the reference power according to the detection result to adjust the duty cycle of the control signal. The inverter device of the present invention can detect the control signal of the primary side conversion circuit to know its working state, and adaptively adjust the signal level/duty cycle of the control signal, so that it can maintain stable operation in the intermittent mode, and is widely used in various energy conversion architectures.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及逆变装置，尤其涉及一种可侦测初级侧转换电路之操作状态以适应性地调整初级侧控制信号的逆变装置及其控制方法。The invention relates to an inverter device, in particular to an inverter device capable of detecting the operating state of a primary-side conversion circuit to adaptively adjust a primary-side control signal and a control method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
光伏逆变器(Photovoltaic inverter)是用于将太阳能面板所输出的直流电源转换为交流电源并输出至电网，其中光伏逆变器的初级侧转换电路会于低太阳能电力输出时操作于深度间歇模式(deep burst mode)。例如：(1)当太阳能面板所输出的电力太小时，会使得初级侧转换电路会进入深度间歇模式；以及(2)当光照强度大幅降低时，太阳能面板的工作电压与能量输出会处于一低准位，致使初级侧转换电路进入深度间歇模式。Photovoltaic inverter (Photovoltaic inverter) is used to convert the DC power output from the solar panel into AC power and output it to the grid. The primary side conversion circuit of the photovoltaic inverter will operate in a deep intermittent mode when the solar power output is low. (deep burst mode). For example: (1) When the power output by the solar panel is too small, the primary-side conversion circuit will enter a deep intermittent mode; and (2) When the light intensity is greatly reduced, the operating voltage and energy output of the solar panel will be at a low level level, causing the primary-side conversion circuit to enter deep burst mode.
然而，当初级侧转换电路操作于深度间歇模式时，光伏逆变器的内部电路会因为初级侧转换电路的输出电源不足而发生异常或中止运作，导致电路组件的损坏。因此，需要一种创新的光伏逆变装置状态侦测电路架构，以避免间歇模式所造成的副作用。However, when the primary-side conversion circuit operates in the deep intermittent mode, the internal circuit of the photovoltaic inverter may malfunction or stop operating due to insufficient output power of the primary-side conversion circuit, resulting in damage to circuit components. Therefore, an innovative state detection circuit architecture for photovoltaic inverters is needed to avoid the side effects caused by the intermittent mode.
因此，需要一种逆变装置及其控制方法来解决上述存在问题。Therefore, an inverter device and a control method thereof are needed to solve the above-mentioned existing problems.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的一目的在于提供一种能够侦测初级侧转换电路之操作状态以适应性地调整初级侧控制信号的逆变装置。An object of the present invention is to provide an inverter device capable of detecting the operation state of the primary-side conversion circuit to adaptively adjust the primary-side control signal.
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种能够侦测初级侧转换电路之操作状态以适应性地调整初级侧控制信号的逆变装置的控制方法。Another object of the present invention is to provide a control method of an inverter device capable of detecting the operation state of the primary-side conversion circuit to adaptively adjust the primary-side control signal.
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种逆变装置，包含：In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an inverter device, comprising:
一直流转直流转换器，用以依据一控制信号来将一输入电源转换为一直流电源；A DC-to-DC converter, used to convert an input power into a DC power according to a control signal;
一直流转交流转换器，耦接于所述直流转直流转换器，用以接收所述直流电源，并依据所述直流电源来产生一交流电源；以及a DC-to-AC converter, coupled to the DC-to-DC converter, for receiving the DC power and generating an AC power according to the DC power; and
一控制电路，耦接于所述直流转直流转换器，所述控制电路用以依据一参考电源及所述输入电源来产生所述控制信号以控制所述直流转直流转换器的操作，对所述控制信号进行检测以产生一检测结果，以及依据所述检测结果来控制所述参考电源以调整所述控制信号的一责任周期。A control circuit, coupled to the DC-to-DC converter, the control circuit is used to generate the control signal according to a reference power supply and the input power supply to control the operation of the DC-to-DC converter. The control signal is detected to generate a detection result, and the reference power is controlled according to the detection result to adjust a duty cycle of the control signal.
较佳地，所述控制信号具有一第一准位与不同于所述第一准位的一第二准位；以及当所述直流转直流转换器依据所述控制信号来操作于一间歇模式时，所述控制信号会持续处于所述第二准位，以及所述控制电路检测所述控制信号持续处于所述第二准位的时间以产生所述检测结果。Preferably, the control signal has a first level and a second level different from the first level; and when the DC-to-DC converter operates in an intermittent mode according to the control signal , the control signal is continuously at the second level, and the control circuit detects the time during which the control signal is continuously at the second level to generate the detection result.
较佳地，当所述检测结果指示出所述控制信号持续处于所述第二准位超过一特定时间时，所述控制电路会调整所述参考电源的一电压准位。Preferably, when the detection result indicates that the control signal remains at the second level for more than a specific time, the control circuit adjusts a voltage level of the reference power supply.
较佳地，所述控制电路对所述输入电源的一电压准位与所述参考电源的一电压准位作比较以产生一比较结果，以及依据所述比较结果来产生所述控制信号。Preferably, the control circuit compares a voltage level of the input power supply with a voltage level of the reference power supply to generate a comparison result, and generates the control signal according to the comparison result.
较佳地，当所述比较结果指示出所述输入电源的所述电压准位小于所述参考电源的所述电压准位时，所述直流转直流转换器会依据所述控制信号来操作于一间歇模式。Preferably, when the comparison result indicates that the voltage level of the input power source is lower than the voltage level of the reference power source, the DC-to-DC converter operates according to the control signal at an intermittent mode.
较佳地，所述控制电路依据所述检测结果来调整所述参考电源的所述电压准位，以调整所述控制信号的所述责任周期。Preferably, the control circuit adjusts the voltage level of the reference power supply according to the detection result, so as to adjust the duty cycle of the control signal.
较佳地，所述控制信号具有一第一准位与不同于所述第一准位的一第二准位；当所述直流转直流转换器依据所述控制信号来操作于所述间歇模式时，所述控制信号会持续处于所述第二准位，以及当所述检测结果指示出所述控制信号持续处于所述第二准位超过一特定时间时，所述控制电路会降低所述参考电源的所述电压准位。Preferably, the control signal has a first level and a second level different from the first level; when the DC-to-DC converter operates in the intermittent mode according to the control signal , the control signal will remain at the second level, and when the detection result indicates that the control signal remains at the second level for more than a specific time, the control circuit will reduce the The voltage level of the reference power supply.
较佳地，所述控制电路会降低所述参考电源的所述电压准位直到所述控制信号自所述第二准位转换为所述第一准位为止。Preferably, the control circuit reduces the voltage level of the reference power supply until the control signal switches from the second level to the first level.
为了实现本发明的另一目的，本发明提供了一种逆变装置的控制方法，其中，所述逆变装置包含一直流转直流转换器与一直流转交流转换器，所述直流转直流转换器将一输入电源转换为一直流电源，所述直流转交流转换器将所述直流电源转换为一交流电源，所述控制方法包含：In order to achieve another object of the present invention, the present invention provides a control method for an inverter device, wherein the inverter device includes a DC-to-DC converter and a DC-to-AC converter, and the DC-to-DC converter will An input power is converted into a DC power, and the DC-to-AC converter converts the DC power into an AC power, and the control method includes:
依据一参考电源及所述输入电源来产生一控制信号，以控制所述直流转直流转换器的操作；generating a control signal according to a reference power source and the input power source to control the operation of the DC-to-DC converter;
对所述控制信号进行检测以产生一检测结果；以及detecting the control signal to generate a detection result; and
依据所述检测结果来控制所述参考电源以调整所述控制信号的一责任周期。The reference power supply is controlled according to the detection result to adjust a duty cycle of the control signal.
较佳地，依据一参考电源及所述输入电源来产生一控制信号的步骤包含：Preferably, the step of generating a control signal according to a reference power source and the input power source includes:
对所述输入电源的一电压准位与所述参考电源的一电压准位作比较以产生一比较结果；以及comparing a voltage level of the input power supply with a voltage level of the reference power supply to generate a comparison result; and
依据所述比较结果来产生所述控制信号。The control signal is generated according to the comparison result.
较佳地，当所述比较结果指示出所述输入电源的所述电压准位小于所述参考电源的所述电压准位时，所述直流转直流转换器会依据所述控制信号来操作于所述间歇模式。Preferably, when the comparison result indicates that the voltage level of the input power source is lower than the voltage level of the reference power source, the DC-to-DC converter operates according to the control signal at The intermittent mode.
较佳地，依据所述检测结果来控制所述参考电源以调整所述控制信号的所述责任周期的步骤包含：Preferably, the step of controlling the reference power supply to adjust the duty cycle of the control signal according to the detection result includes:
依据所述检测结果来调整所述参考电源的所述电压准位，以调整所述控制信号的所述责任周期。The voltage level of the reference power supply is adjusted according to the detection result, so as to adjust the duty cycle of the control signal.
较佳地，所述控制信号具有一第一准位与不同于所述第一准位的一第二准位；当所述直流转直流转换器依据所述控制信号来操作于所述间歇模式时，所述控制信号会持续处于所述第二准位；以及当所述检测结果指示出所述控制信号持续处于所述第二准位超过一特定时间时，依据所述检测结果来调整所述参考电源的所述电压准位的步骤包含：Preferably, the control signal has a first level and a second level different from the first level; when the DC-to-DC converter operates in the intermittent mode according to the control signal , the control signal will continue to be at the second level; and when the detection result indicates that the control signal continues to be at the second level for more than a specific time, adjust the control signal according to the detection result The steps of the voltage level of the reference power supply include:
降低所述参考电源的所述电压准位。reducing the voltage level of the reference power supply.
较佳地，降低所述参考电源的所述电压准位的步骤包含：Preferably, the step of lowering the voltage level of the reference power supply includes:
降低所述参考电源的所述电压准位直到所述控制信号自所述第二准位转换为所述第一准位为止。The voltage level of the reference power supply is decreased until the control signal transitions from the second level to the first level.
与现有技术相比，本发明的逆变装置能够藉由侦测初级侧转换电路的控制信号来得知其工作状态，并适应性地调整控制信号的信号准位/责任周期，故可于间歇模式中维持稳定的运作，而广泛应用于各种能量转换架构之中。Compared with the prior art, the inverter device of the present invention can know its working state by detecting the control signal of the primary side conversion circuit, and adaptively adjust the signal level/responsibility period of the control signal, so it can be used intermittently It maintains stable operation in the mode and is widely used in various energy conversion structures.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明逆变装置的一实施例的结构框图。FIG. 1 is a structural block diagram of an embodiment of an inverter device of the present invention.
图2为图1所示的控制信号之一具体实现范例的信号波形图。FIG. 2 is a signal waveform diagram of a specific implementation example of one of the control signals shown in FIG. 1 .
图3为图1所示的逆变装置之一具体实现范例的示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a specific implementation example of the inverter device shown in FIG. 1 .
图4为图3所示的控制器之一具体实现范例的局部电路示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic partial circuit diagram of a specific implementation example of the controller shown in FIG. 3 .
图5为图3所示的控制信号之一具体实现范例的信号波形图。FIG. 5 is a signal waveform diagram of a specific implementation example of one of the control signals shown in FIG. 3 .
【符号说明】【Symbol Description】
100、300：逆变装置100, 300: inverter device
102：太阳能电池102: Solar cells
110、310：直流转直流转换器110, 310: DC to DC converter
120：直流转交流转换器120: DC to AC converter
130、330：控制电路130, 330: control circuit
322：LLC谐振式转换器322: LLC resonant converter
326：驱动电路326: Drive circuit
332：控制器332: Controller
336：处理电路336: Processing circuit
DL、DR：二极管D L , D R : Diodes
R1、R2：电阻R 1 , R 2 : Resistance
C：电容C: Capacitance
VPV：输入电源V PV : input power
VBUS：直流电源V BUS : DC power supply
VAC：交流电源V AC : AC power supply
VCMD：参考电源V CMD : Reference power supply
DR：检测结果DR: test result
SC：控制信号S C : Control signal
SD：驱动信号S D : drive signal
VC1、VC2、VCA、VCB：电压准位V C1 , V C2 , V CA , V CB : voltage levels
t0、t1、t2、t3、Ta、Tb、Tc、Td：时间t 0 , t 1 , t 2 , t 3 , T a , T b , T c , T d : Time
SCL：左臂控制信号S CL : left arm control signal
SCR：右臂控制信号S CR : Right arm control signal
SDL：左臂驱动信号S DL : left arm drive signal
SDR：右臂驱动信号S DR : Right arm drive signal
VC：电压V C : Voltage
L1：第一准位L1: first level
L2：第二准位L2: second level
具体实施方式detailed description
为了使本发明所揭露的内容可以被更容易明了，以下特举实施例做为本发明揭露的确实能够据以实施的范例。另外，凡可能之处，在图式及实施方式中使用相同标号的组件/构件/步骤，代表相同或类似部件。In order to make the content disclosed in the present invention more understandable, the following specific embodiments are taken as examples that the disclosure of the present invention can actually be implemented. In addition, wherever possible, components/members/steps with the same reference numerals are used in the drawings and embodiments to represent the same or similar parts.
本发明所提供的逆变架构藉由侦测初级侧转换电路的控制信号来得知初级侧转换电路的工作状态，并根据所侦测的结果来适应性地调整控制信号的责任周期，故可大幅提升逆变器控制的灵活度及提供良好的电路保护机制。为了便于理解本发明的技术特征，以下是以光伏逆变器来作为本发明的逆变装置的具体实现范例，然而，本发明的逆变架构并不限于光伏逆变器。进一步的说明如下。The inverter architecture provided by the present invention knows the working state of the primary side conversion circuit by detecting the control signal of the primary side conversion circuit, and adaptively adjusts the duty cycle of the control signal according to the detected result, so it can greatly Improve the flexibility of inverter control and provide a good circuit protection mechanism. In order to facilitate the understanding of the technical features of the present invention, the following is a photovoltaic inverter as a specific implementation example of the inverter device of the present invention, however, the inverter architecture of the present invention is not limited to the photovoltaic inverter. Further explanation follows.
请参阅图1，其为本发明逆变装置的一实施例的结构框图。逆变装置100耦接于一太阳能电池(Photovoltaic cell，PV cell)102，并可包含(但不限于)一直流转直流转换器(direct current to direct current converter，DC/DC converter)110、一直流转交流转换器(direct current to alternating current converter，DC/AC converter)120及一控制电路130。直流转直流转换器110可接收太阳能电池102所提供的输入电源VPV，并依据一控制信号SC来将输入电源VPV转换为一直流电源VBUS(例如，直流母线电压)。直流转交流转换器120耦接于直流转直流转换器110，用以接收直流电源VBUS，并依据直流电源VBUS来产生一交流电源VAC。于此实施例中(但本发明不限于此)，直流转直流转换器110可包含一LLC谐振式转换器(LLC resonant converter)，以利用其软性切换的特性而提高转换效率并且降低电磁干扰，而直流转交流转换器120也可称作直流转交流变流器(DC/AC inverter)。Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a structural block diagram of an embodiment of the inverter device of the present invention. The inverter device 100 is coupled to a solar cell (Photovoltaic cell, PV cell) 102, and may include (but not limited to) a direct current to direct current converter (DC/DC converter) 110, a DC to AC A converter (direct current to alternating current converter, DC/AC converter) 120 and a control circuit 130 . The DC-to-DC converter 110 can receive the input power V PV provided by the solar cell 102 and convert the input power V PV into a DC power V BUS (eg, DC bus voltage) according to a control signal S C . The DC-to-AC converter 120 is coupled to the DC-to-DC converter 110 for receiving the DC power V BUS and generating an AC power V AC according to the DC power V BUS . In this embodiment (but the present invention is not limited thereto), the DC-to-DC converter 110 may include an LLC resonant converter (LLC resonant converter) to improve conversion efficiency and reduce electromagnetic interference by utilizing its soft switching characteristics , and the DC-to-AC converter 120 may also be called a DC-to-AC converter (DC/AC inverter).
控制电路130耦接于直流转直流转换器110，用以依据一参考电源VCMD及输入电源VPV来产生控制信号SC以控制直流转直流转换器110的操作。举例来说(但本发明不限于此)，控制电路130可将参考电源VCMD与输入电源VPV作比较以产生控制信号SC，进而控制直流转直流转换器110的操作频率与操作状态(例如，正常模式或间歇模式)。于另一范例中，控制电路130也可对参考电源VCMD与输入电源VPV进行数值运算以产生控制信号SC。The control circuit 130 is coupled to the DC-to-DC converter 110 for generating a control signal S C to control the operation of the DC-to-DC converter 110 according to a reference power V CMD and an input power V PV . For example (but the present invention is not limited thereto), the control circuit 130 can compare the reference power V CMD with the input power V PV to generate the control signal S C , and then control the operating frequency and operating state of the DC-to-DC converter 110 ( For example, normal mode or intermittent mode). In another example, the control circuit 130 can also perform numerical operations on the reference power V CMD and the input power V PV to generate the control signal S C .
为了实时监控逆变装置100的工作状态，控制电路130另可对控制信号SC进行处理/检测以产生一检测结果DR，以及依据检测结果DR来控制参考电源VCMD，进而调整用于控制直流转直流转换器110的控制信号SC。举例来说(但本发明不限于此)请连同图1来参阅图2。图2为图1所示的控制信号SC之一具体实现范例的信号波形图。控制信号SC可具有一第一准位L1与一第二准位L2(不同于第一准位L1)，当直流转直流转换器110于控制信号SC持续处于第二准位L2时，则暂停电源转换操作(亦即，操作于间歇模式)。因此，在控制信号SC的准位可藉由调整参考电源VCMD来改变的情形下，控制电路130便可依据检测结果DR来调整参考电源VCMD的能量准位，以开关信号SC的准位，进而实时调整直流转直流转换器110于间歇模式时的操作，以防止直流转直流转换器110供电异常。In order to monitor the working state of the inverter device 100 in real time, the control circuit 130 can also process/detect the control signal S C to generate a detection result DR, and control the reference power supply V CMD according to the detection result DR, and then adjust the DC power supply for controlling Convert to the control signal S C of the DC converter 110 . For example (but the invention is not limited thereto), please refer to FIG. 2 together with FIG. 1 . FIG. 2 is a signal waveform diagram of a specific implementation example of the control signal S C shown in FIG. 1 . The control signal S C may have a first level L1 and a second level L2 (different from the first level L1), when the DC-to-DC converter 110 is continuously at the second level L2 of the control signal S C , then Suspend power conversion operations (ie, operate in burst mode). Therefore, in the situation that the level of the control signal S C can be changed by adjusting the reference power V CMD , the control circuit 130 can adjust the energy level of the reference power V CMD according to the detection result DR, so as to use the level of the switching signal S C level, and then adjust the operation of the DC-to-DC converter 110 in the intermittent mode in real time, so as to prevent the abnormal power supply of the DC-to-DC converter 110 .
于一具体实现范例中，控制电路130也可依据检测结果DR来控制参考电源VCMD以调整控制信号SC的责任周期(duty cycle)，进而控制直流转直流转换器110于间歇模式时的操作。于此具体实现范例中，直流转直流转换器110是于时间点t1依据控制信号SC来操作于间歇模式，其中直流转直流转换器110是于时间点t0～t1的期间开启，以及于时间点t1～t2的期间关闭。另外，由于直流转直流转换器110持续处于关闭状态的时间过长会造成供电异常，控制电路130可藉由检测直流转直流转换器110持续处于关闭状态的时间来产生检测结果DR。In a specific implementation example, the control circuit 130 can also control the reference power supply V CMD according to the detection result DR to adjust the duty cycle of the control signal S C , thereby controlling the operation of the DC-to-DC converter 110 in the intermittent mode. . In this specific implementation example, the DC-DC converter 110 is operated in the intermittent mode according to the control signal S C at the time point t1 , wherein the DC-DC converter 110 is turned on during the time point t0 - t1 , And it is closed during the time point t 1 -t 2 . In addition, since the DC-to-DC converter 110 is in the off state for too long will cause abnormal power supply, the control circuit 130 can generate the detection result DR by detecting the time in which the DC-to-DC converter 110 is in the off state.
于该间歇模式中，控制电路130原订于时间点t3开启直流转直流转换器110，然而，由于时间点t1与时间点t3之间的时间间隔超过一特定时间(于此实施例中，等于时间点t1与时间点t2之间的时间间隔)，这将造成直流转直流转换器110于时间点t3之前会发生供电异常，因此，当检测结果DR指示出直流转直流转换器110处于关闭的时间超过该特定时间(亦即，控制信号SC持续处于第二准位L2超过该特定时间)时，控制电路130可藉由将参考电源VCMD的电压准位VC1调整为电压准位VC2，以使控制信号SC提前于时间点t2切换信号准位至第一准位L1，此时，直流转直流转换器110将提前于时间点t2开启。换言之，控制电路130可藉由调整参考电源VCMD的电压准位VC1来改变控制信号SC的责任周期，以达到控制直流转直流转换器110于间歇模式时的开启与关闭时机的目的。In the intermittent mode, the control circuit 130 is originally scheduled to turn on the DC-DC converter 110 at the time point t3 , however, since the time interval between the time point t1 and the time point t3 exceeds a specific time (in this embodiment , which is equal to the time interval between time point t1 and time point t2 ), which will cause DC-to-DC converter 110 to have abnormal power supply before time point t3 . Therefore, when the detection result DR indicates that the DC-to-DC When the converter 110 is turned off for more than the specified time (that is, the control signal S C is continuously at the second level L2 for more than the specified time), the control circuit 130 can set the voltage level V C1 of the reference power supply V CMD to Adjust to the voltage level V C2 , so that the control signal S C switches the signal level to the first level L1 earlier than the time point t2 , and at this time, the DC-to-DC converter 110 will be turned on earlier than the time point t2 . In other words, the control circuit 130 can change the duty cycle of the control signal S C by adjusting the voltage level V C1 of the reference power V CMD , so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the turn-on and turn-off timing of the DC-DC converter 110 in the intermittent mode.
为了进一步了解本发明的技术特征，以下采用一具体实现范例来进一步说明本发明逆变装置的细节，然而，基于图1所示的电路架构的其它电路实现架构亦是可行的。请参阅图3，其为图1所示的逆变装置100之一具体实现范例的示意图。于此具体实现范例中，逆变装置300包含一直流转直流转换器310、一控制电路330及图1所示的直流转交流转换器120，其中图1所示的直流转直流转换器110与控制电路130可分别由直流转直流转换器310与控制电路330来实现。控制电路330可包含(但不限于)一控制器332及一处理电路336，其中控制器332可对控制信号SC进行检测以产生检测结果DR，并依据检测结果DR来产生/控制参考电源VCMD，而处理电路336可依据参考电源VCMD与输入电源VPV来产生控制信号SC。直流转直流转换器310可包含(但不限于)一LLC谐振式转换器322及一驱动电路326，其中驱动电路326可依据控制电路330所产生的控制信号SC来产生一驱动信号SD，而LLC谐振式转换器322便可依据驱动信号SD将输入电源VPV转换为直流电源VBUS。In order to further understand the technical features of the present invention, a specific implementation example is used below to further illustrate the details of the inverter device of the present invention. However, other circuit implementation structures based on the circuit structure shown in FIG. 1 are also feasible. Please refer to FIG. 3 , which is a schematic diagram of a specific implementation example of the inverter device 100 shown in FIG. 1 . In this specific implementation example, the inverter device 300 includes a DC-to-DC converter 310, a control circuit 330 and the DC-to-AC converter 120 shown in FIG. 1, wherein the DC-to-DC converter 110 shown in FIG. The circuit 130 can be realized by the DC-to-DC converter 310 and the control circuit 330 respectively. The control circuit 330 may include (but not limited to) a controller 332 and a processing circuit 336, wherein the controller 332 may detect the control signal S C to generate a detection result DR, and generate/control the reference power V according to the detection result DR CMD , and the processing circuit 336 can generate the control signal S C according to the reference power V CMD and the input power V PV . The DC-to-DC converter 310 may include (but not limited to) an LLC resonant converter 322 and a driving circuit 326, wherein the driving circuit 326 may generate a driving signal S D according to the control signal S C generated by the control circuit 330, The LLC resonant converter 322 can convert the input power V PV into the DC power V BUS according to the driving signal SD .
于此具体实现范例中，LLC谐振式转换器322可包含一左臂开关及一右臂开关(未绘示于图3中)，其中，该左臂开关及该右臂开关各自可由上开关及下开关组成，且该左臂开关的上下两开关的控制信号为互补，该右臂开关的上下两开关的控制信号亦为互补。前述为LLC谐振式转换器322的基础架构，由于该基础架构非本发明的技术重点，因此，在此不多作说明。在本具体实现范例中，LLC谐振式转换器322所接收的驱动信号SD可包含一左臂驱动信号SDL与一右臂驱动信号SDR，以及处理电路336所产生的控制信号SC可包含一左臂控制信号SCL与一右臂控制信号SCR。关于检测控制信号SC的一具体实现方式可参阅图4。图4绘示了图3所示的控制器332之一具体实现范例的局部电路示意图。由图4可知，控制器332可藉由检测电容C的电压VC来得知控制信号SC的信息，其中控制器332可经由二极管DL、电阻R1及电阻R2来接收左臂控制信号SCL，以及经由二极管DR、电阻R1及电阻R2来接收与右臂控制信号SCR。然而，图4所示的信号撷取架构是仅供说明之需，并非用来作为本发明之限制。In this specific implementation example, the LLC resonant converter 322 may include a left arm switch and a right arm switch (not shown in FIG. 3 ), wherein each of the left arm switch and the right arm switch may be controlled by the upper switch and The control signals of the upper and lower switches of the left arm switch are complementary, and the control signals of the upper and lower switches of the right arm switch are also complementary. The foregoing is the basic structure of the LLC resonant converter 322 , since this basic structure is not the technical focus of the present invention, it will not be further described here. In this specific implementation example, the driving signal SD received by the LLC resonant converter 322 may include a left arm driving signal S DL and a right arm driving signal S DR , and the control signal S C generated by the processing circuit 336 may be It includes a left arm control signal S CL and a right arm control signal S CR . For a specific implementation of detecting the control signal S C , please refer to FIG. 4 . FIG. 4 shows a partial circuit diagram of a specific implementation example of the controller 332 shown in FIG. 3 . It can be seen from FIG. 4 that the controller 332 can obtain the information of the control signal S C by detecting the voltage V C of the capacitor C, wherein the controller 332 can receive the left arm control signal through the diode DL, the resistor R 1 and the resistor R 2 S CL and the right arm control signal S CR are received through the diode DR , the resistor R 1 and the resistor R 2 . However, the signal acquisition architecture shown in FIG. 4 is for illustration only, and is not intended as a limitation of the present invention.
控制电路330可对输入电源VPV的一电压准位与参考电源VCMD的一电压准位作比较以产生一比较结果，以及依据该比较结果来产生控制信号SC(左臂控制信号SCL与右臂控制信号SCR)。举例来说，处理电路336可包含一比较器(未绘示于图3中)，用以进行电压准位的比较以产生该比较结果，处理电路336便可依据该比较结果来产生控制信号SC。其中，前述比较器的功能，亦可由一运算放大器、一电阻及一电容所组成的控制器电路来达成。藉由调整控制信号SC的频率、责任周期...等，使直流转直流转换器310(LLC谐振式转换器322)可于不同的太阳能输出电力，操作于不同的模式下，例如正常模式或间歇模式。另外，为了避免直流转直流转换器310持续处于关闭状态的时间过长而造成供电异常，控制电路330可依据检测结果DR来调整参考电源VCMD的该电压准位以调整控制信号SC(例如，调整信号准位及/或责任周期)。The control circuit 330 can compare a voltage level of the input power supply V PV with a voltage level of the reference power supply V CMD to generate a comparison result, and generate the control signal S C (left arm control signal S CL ) according to the comparison result. with the right arm control signal S CR ). For example, the processing circuit 336 may include a comparator (not shown in FIG. 3 ) for comparing voltage levels to generate the comparison result, and the processing circuit 336 may generate the control signal S according to the comparison result. C. Wherein, the function of the aforementioned comparator can also be realized by a controller circuit composed of an operational amplifier, a resistor and a capacitor. By adjusting the frequency, duty cycle, etc. of the control signal S C , the DC-to-DC converter 310 (LLC resonant converter 322 ) can operate in different modes, such as normal mode, for different solar output power or intermittent mode. In addition, in order to avoid abnormal power supply caused by the DC-to-DC converter 310 being in the closed state for too long, the control circuit 330 can adjust the voltage level of the reference power supply V CMD according to the detection result DR to adjust the control signal S C (for example , adjust signal level and/or duty cycle).
举例来说，当检测结果DR指示出直流转直流转换器310持续处于关闭状态的时间超过一特定时间时，控制电路330可降低参考电源VCMD的电压准位以调整控制信号SC的责任周期，使直流转直流转换器310开启。请连同图3来参阅图5。图5为图3所示的控制信号SC之一具体实现范例的信号波形图。于此具体实现范例中，直流转直流转换器310是于时间点Ta～Tb的期间开启，以及于时间点Tb～Tc的期间关闭。当直流转直流转换器310依据控制信号SC来操作于一间歇模式时(例如，光照强度于时间点Tb骤减)，控制器332可藉由检测直流转直流转换器310的关闭时间来产生检测结果DR，并依据检测结果DR调整参考电源VCMD的电压准位VCA。当检测结果DR指示出直流转直流转换器310的关闭时间超过一特定时间时，控制电路330可藉由降低参考电源VCMD的电压准位VCA来调整控制信号SC，其中控制电路330可降低电压准位VCA直到控制信号SC使直流转直流转换器310开启为止(例如，时间点Tc)。由图5可知，在未将参考电源VCMD的电压准位VCA调降为电压准位VCB之前，处理电路336原订于时间点Td切换左臂控制信号SCL及右臂控制信号SCR的信号准位；当参考电源VCMD的电压准位VCA调整为电压准位VCB时，处理电路336便可提前于时间点Tc切换左臂控制信号SCL及右臂控制信号SCR的信号准位，以避免直流转直流转换器310持续处于关闭状态的时间过长。For example, when the detection result DR indicates that the duration of the DC-DC converter 310 being in the OFF state exceeds a specific time, the control circuit 330 may reduce the voltage level of the reference power supply V CMD to adjust the duty cycle of the control signal S C , so that the DC-to-DC converter 310 is turned on. Please refer to FIG. 5 together with FIG. 3 . FIG. 5 is a signal waveform diagram of a specific implementation example of the control signal S C shown in FIG. 3 . In this specific implementation example, the DC-to-DC converter 310 is turned on during the time point T a -T b , and turned off during the time point T b -T c . When the DC-to-DC converter 310 operates in an intermittent mode according to the control signal S C (for example, the light intensity suddenly decreases at the time point T b ), the controller 332 can generate The detection result DR is detected, and the voltage level V CA of the reference power supply V CMD is adjusted according to the detection result DR. When the detection result DR indicates that the off time of the DC-to-DC converter 310 exceeds a specific time, the control circuit 330 can adjust the control signal S C by reducing the voltage level V CA of the reference power supply V CMD , wherein the control circuit 330 can Decrease the voltage level V CA until the control signal S C turns on the DC-to-DC converter 310 (eg, time point T c ). It can be seen from FIG. 5 that before the voltage level V CA of the reference power supply V CMD is lowered to the voltage level V CB , the processing circuit 336 is originally scheduled to switch the left arm control signal S CL and the right arm control signal at the time point Td . The signal level of S CR ; when the voltage level V CA of the reference power supply V CMD is adjusted to the voltage level V CB , the processing circuit 336 can switch the left arm control signal S CL and the right arm control signal ahead of time Tc The signal level of S CR is used to prevent the DC-to-DC converter 310 from being in the OFF state for too long.
以上调整控制信号SC的具体实现方式是仅供说明之需，并非用来作为本发明之限制。另外，在采用其它形式的电源转换器来实现图3所示的直流转直流转换器310的情形下，直流转直流转换器310所接收的控制信号的类型/个数可能会有相应的调整，而控制信号的调整方式可能也会有所不同。The specific implementation of the above adjustment control signal S C is for illustration only, and is not intended as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, in the case of using other forms of power converters to implement the DC-to-DC converter 310 shown in FIG. 3 , the type/number of control signals received by the DC-to-DC converter 310 may be adjusted accordingly. The way the control signal is adjusted may also be different.
再者，只要图3所示的控制电路330可藉由检测控制信号SC来调整参考电源VCMD，进而调整控制信号SC的责任周期，采用其它电路架构来实现控制电路330也是可行的。举例来说，控制电路330也可储存输入电源VPV、参考电源VCMD与控制信号SC的责任周期的关系表，控制电路330便可根据检测结果DR来选择参考电源VCMD的电压准位。Moreover, as long as the control circuit 330 shown in FIG. 3 can adjust the reference power supply V CMD by detecting the control signal S C , and then adjust the duty cycle of the control signal S C , it is also feasible to implement the control circuit 330 with other circuit structures. For example, the control circuit 330 can also store the relationship table of the duty cycle of the input power V PV , the reference power V CMD and the control signal S C , and the control circuit 330 can select the voltage level of the reference power V CMD according to the detection result DR. .
值得注意的是，以上所述关于图3所示的逆变装置300的控制机制也可应用于图1所示的逆变装置100。综合上述，本发明的逆变装置可藉由侦测初级侧转换电路的控制信号来得知其工作状态，并适应性地调整控制信号的信号准位/责任周期，故可于间歇模式中维持稳定的运作，而广泛应用于各种能量转换架构之中。It should be noted that the above control mechanism of the inverter device 300 shown in FIG. 3 can also be applied to the inverter device 100 shown in FIG. 1 . To sum up the above, the inverter device of the present invention can know its working state by detecting the control signal of the primary side conversion circuit, and adaptively adjust the signal level/duty period of the control signal, so it can maintain stability in the intermittent mode operation, and are widely used in various energy conversion architectures.
以上所揭露的仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，当然不能以此来限定本发明之权利范围，因此依本发明申请专利范围所作的等同变化，仍属本发明所涵盖的范围。What is disclosed above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and of course it cannot limit the scope of rights of the present invention. Therefore, equivalent changes made according to the patent scope of the present invention still fall within the scope of the present invention.
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