CN104726775B - A kind of aluminium-based porous alloy material of siderochrome and preparation method - Google Patents
A kind of aluminium-based porous alloy material of siderochrome and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of siderochrome aluminium-based porous alloy material excellent to dust or high temperature fluid filtration and elevated temperature strength and preparation method.Described alloy material, including following component: aluminum, chromium, carborundum, rare earth, ferrum；Its preparation method includes ferrum-chromium-aluminum base alloy powder and the preparation of granule, the preparation of slip, cast molding and the operation such as thermal debinding and sintering.Instant component reasonable mixture ratio, preparation technology are simple, low cost, there is mechanical property good, thermal shock resistance is strong, corrosion-resistant good with antioxygenic property, porosity and pore size are adjustable, particularly good heat-transfer, laying a good foundation for the application of this material is extended to the fields such as the heat transfer of extreme environment by filtration, applicable industrialized production is suitable to industrialized production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of aluminium-based porous alloy material of siderochrome and preparation method, be particularly adapted to dust or
High temperature fluid filtration and elevated temperature strength are excellent, belong to multi-porous alloy material preparing technical field.
Background technology
The pore property that porous metals are unique so that it possessed filtration, absorb sound, insulate against sound, dispel the heat, fire-retardant,
The multiple physical property such as damping, therefore, they space flight, aviation, transport, electronics, military project, chemical industry,
Each high-tech areas such as environmental protection, the energy, machinery, biology all have wide practical use.But, at present
Both at home and abroad the research at high-melting-point porous metals this part is not the most a lot, and is concentrated mainly on ferrum and not
The materials such as rust steel are studied as matrix.But the corrosion-resistant and antioxygenic property of ferrum and rustless steel porous metals has one
Determine the defect of degree, it is impossible to adapt to the requirement of some specific working environment, therefore, select performance more excellent
Material be to prepare porous metals, matrix just seems that meaning is the most great.
Aludirome is a class Alfer, because can tie with matrix by Surface Creation one layer in high temperature environments
Close close compact aluminum oxide protecting film so that it is there is corrosion-resistant, antioxidation, impervious carbon and wear-resisting etc. excellent
Point, thus the biggest at high-temperature dust or the aspect application prospect such as high temperature fluid filtration and catalytic carrier.State at present
Inside and outside also carried out some use Aludiromes be matrix to prepare the research of porous metal material, such as: specially
First profit CN102286669A sprays chromium powder and aluminium powder on the porous bodies such as polyurethane sponge, through conducting resinl
Carry out Electrodeposition Bath of Iron after the operation such as dip-coating, heating cure and obtain ferrum-chromium-aluminum porous material；Patent
It is as base with foam shape metal (ferrum, nickel, copper and alloy thereof etc.) that CN101172257A prepares bubble iron chromium aluminum
Material, the porous surface at base material carries out flame-spraying ferrum-chromium-aluminum and obtains.Tap a blast furnace although these methods can be prepared
Chromium aluminum porous metal material, but there is the problem such as complex process, cost of material height；The most existing siderochrome
After aluminum at high temperature uses, due to the long ambassador of crystal grain, it becomes brittle, thus have impact on this kind of material and exist
Service life under hot environment.
It is high that and existing ferrum-chromium-aluminum based porous materials the most brittle for ferrum-chromium-aluminum prepares preparation cost
Etc. problem, the present inventor, through repeatedly studying, has invented a kind of new ferrum-chromium-aluminum based porous materials preparation method.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiency of prior art to improve a kind of heat impact strength height good, anti-
The temperature aluminium-based porous alloy material of siderochrome that corrosive nature is excellent, filterability good, intensity is high and preparation method.
The aluminium-based porous alloy material of one siderochrome of the present invention, including following component, composition by mass percentage:
Aluminum 3-7,
Chromium 15-25,
Carborundum 2-10,
Rare earth 0.03-0.5, surplus is ferrum.
The aluminium-based porous alloy material of one siderochrome of the present invention, described rare earth is mixed rare earth of lanthanum and cerium or rare-earth yttrium, lanthanum
In cerium mischmetal, the quality of each component configures in any proportion.
The aluminium-based porous alloy material of one siderochrome of the present invention, described multi-porous alloy material is by a diameter of 0.5-3.5mm
Ferrum-chromium-aluminum base alloy material granule constituted by metallurgical binding, by ferrum-chromium-aluminum base alloy material grain diameter
Select and grain composition, it is achieved multi-porous alloy material porosity and the adjustment of pore size.
The preparation method of the aluminium-based porous alloy material of a kind of siderochrome of the present invention, comprises the steps:
The first step: preparation ferrum-carborundum agglomerate containing rare earth
Carborundum, the quality proportioning of rare earth in the aluminium-based porous alloy material of siderochrome according to design, by putting in proportion
Carborundum after great, the mass ratio of rare earth, weigh carborundum powder, rare earth respectively, is mixed to get mixed with iron powder
Close powder, after mixed-powder vacuum ball milling mix homogeneously, compressing, in 1200-1300 DEG C of vacuum-sintering
After 1-3 hour, furnace cooling obtains the ferrum containing rare earth-carborundum agglomerate；Control carborundum in mixed-powder
The gross mass of powder and rare earth and iron powder mass ratio are 1:1-2；
Second step: prepare the ferrum-chromium-aluminum base alloy pig of silicon carbide-containing, rare earth
The ferrum containing rare earth-carborundum agglomerate middle rare earth of obtaining according to the first step, carborundum, the quality of ferrum,
By the siderochrome each component proportion of aluminium-based porous alloy material of design, configure aluminium ingot, chromium powder and the iron powder of surplus,
Under argon atmosphere after 2000-2200 DEG C of melting 1-3 hour, furnace cooling obtains silicon carbide-containing, rare earth
Ferrum-chromium-aluminum base alloy pig；
3rd step: prepared sizes are at the siderochrome aluminium-based alloyed powder of 1-100um
The ferrum-chromium-aluminum base alloy pig obtained by second step crushes final vacuum and is milled to the siderochrome that granularity is 1-100um
Aluminium-based alloyed powder；
4th step: preparation siderochrome acieral granular precursor
Take the siderochrome aluminium-based alloyed powder that step 3 obtains, add and account for taken siderochrome aluminium-based alloyed powder quality 10-30%
Plasticizer and stir, then, pelletize, in 80-120 DEG C be dried, obtain siderochrome acieral forerunner
Body granule；
5th step: preparation acieral granular precursor slip Han siderochrome
Take plasticizer, siderochrome aluminium-based alloyed powder that step 3 obtains, step 4 obtain siderochrome acieral presoma
Granule mix homogeneously, obtains containing siderochrome acieral granular precursor slip；Described plasticizer, step 3 obtain
To siderochrome aluminium-based alloyed powder, step 4 obtain siderochrome acieral granular precursor in mass ratio
(30-50): (10-20): (30-50) joins and take；
6th step: cast molding
Step 5 gained slip is cast in mould and jolt ramming, then dries at 80-120 DEG C, obtain ferrum
Chromium aluminium-based porous alloy material presoma；
7th step: sintering
The siderochrome aluminium-based porous alloy material presoma that step 6 is obtained under inert atmosphere or vacuum environment, with
After 1-3 DEG C/min heating rate rises to 600-800 DEG C of insulation 0.5-2 hour, with 5-10 DEG C/min heating rate liter
To 1200-1400 DEG C, sinter 0.5-2h, furnace cooling, obtain the aluminium-based porous alloy material of siderochrome.
The preparation method of the aluminium-based porous alloy material of a kind of siderochrome of the present invention, siderochrome acieral prepared by step 4
Granular precursor is spherical, and particle diameter is 0.5-3.5mm.
The preparation method of the aluminium-based porous alloy material of a kind of siderochrome of the present invention, plasticizer described in step 4, step 5
Be made up of with binding agent dispersant, and binding agent to account for the weight/mass percentage composition of plasticizer be 5-50%；Described bonding
Agent is poly-ethyl acetate, polyethylene butyl ester, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyl
One in propyl cellulose, polyacrylate or Polyethylene Glycol；Described dispersant be deionized water, methanol,
One in ethanol, acetone, normal hexane.
Have the advantage that of the present invention:
(1) by the incorporation of carborundum with rare earth, the effect that under suppression hot environment, crystal grain is grown up is served,
Significantly enhance the applied at elevated temperature performance of ferrum-chromium-aluminum material；
(2) selected and grain composition by the particle diameter of ferrum-chromium-aluminum granular precursor, it is possible to obtain different porosities
Porous metal material with pore size；
(3) prepared the particle diameter of the siderochrome aluminium-based alloyed powder of ferrum-chromium-aluminum granular precursor by control, can make in granule
Having abundant micropore, these micropores can proceed the trapping of microgranule time macropore is blocked between granule, thus
Can reach the purpose extending the filtration of material life-span；
(4) during cast molding, by the selection of mould, it is possible to obtain different size and difference
The multi-porous alloy material of shape, and material relies primarily between ferrum-chromium-aluminum granular precursor shape in sintering process
Become metallurgical binding, there is mechanical property good, the advantages such as thermal shock resistance is strong；
(5) porous material predominantly has the most corrosion-resistant and antioxygenic property alloy phase granule, significantly carries
Rise the heat transfer property of material, for the application of this material to be extended to the fields such as the heat transfer of extreme environment by filtration
Lay a good foundation；
(5) preparation technology is simple flexibly, low cost, is suitable for industrialized production.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is the macro morphology figure that inventive embodiments 1 prepares the aluminium-based porous alloy material of siderochrome；
Accompanying drawing 2 prepares siderochrome aluminium-based porous alloy material surface microscopic appearance figure for the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Accompanying drawing 3a is that the embodiment of the present invention 1 prepares siderochrome aluminium-based porous alloy material granule junction cold cycling
Front microscopic appearance figure；
Accompanying drawing 3b is that the embodiment of the present invention 1 prepares siderochrome aluminium-based porous alloy material granule junction cold cycling
After microscopic appearance figure；
Accompanying drawing 1, accompanying drawing 2 show, achieve close metallurgical binding between ferrum-chromium-aluminum base granule.
Accompanying drawing 3 (a) shows with Fig. 3 (b), and cold cycling does not destroy the bonding state between granule；And find,
After circulation experiment, surface mass is mainly aluminium oxide, and it is good corrosion-resistant and anti-that this also illustrates that this material has
Oxidation susceptibility.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
Siderochrome aluminium-based porous alloy material constituent mass percentage ratio prepared by the present embodiment is:
Aluminum 3.75%, chromium 20.25%, carborundum 5%, mixed rare earth of lanthanum and cerium 0.038%, surplus is ferrum.
The preparation method of the aluminium-based porous alloy material of a kind of siderochrome of the present invention, comprises the steps:
The first step: preparation ferrum-carborundum agglomerate containing rare earth
Carborundum, the quality proportioning of rare earth in the aluminium-based porous alloy material of siderochrome according to design, in 5 times of ratios
Carborundum after amplification, the mass ratio of rare earth, weigh carborundum powder 25kg, mixed rare earth of lanthanum and cerium 0.19kg respectively,
It is mixed to get mixed-powder with 38kg iron powder, after 10 hours mix homogeneously of mixed-powder vacuum ball milling, pressure
Making type, in 1250 DEG C of vacuum-sinterings 2 hours, furnace cooling obtained the ferrum containing rare earth-carborundum agglomerate；
Second step: prepare the ferrum-chromium-aluminum base alloy pig of silicon carbide-containing, rare earth
The ferrum containing rare earth-carborundum agglomerate middle rare earth of obtaining according to the first step, carborundum, the quality of ferrum,
By the siderochrome each component proportion of aluminium-based porous alloy material of design, configure aluminium ingot, chromium powder and the iron powder of surplus,
Under argon atmosphere after 2100 DEG C of meltings 2 hours, furnace cooling obtains the siderochrome of silicon carbide-containing, rare earth
Acieral ingot；
3rd step: prepared sizes are at the siderochrome aluminium-based alloyed powder of 1-2um
The ferrum-chromium-aluminum base alloy pig obtained by second step crushes final vacuum and is milled to the ferrum-chromium-aluminum base that granularity is 1-2um
Alloyed powder；
4th step: preparation siderochrome acieral granular precursor
Take the siderochrome aluminium-based alloyed powder that step 3 obtains, add the one-tenth accounting for taken siderochrome aluminium-based alloyed powder quality 25%
Shape agent also stirs, and then, pelletize, particle diameter is 2.5-3.5mm, is dried in 100 DEG C, obtains ferrum-chromium-aluminum
Base alloy granular precursor；
5th step: preparation acieral granular precursor slip Han siderochrome
Take plasticizer, siderochrome aluminium-based alloyed powder that step 3 obtains, step 4 obtain siderochrome acieral presoma
Granule mix homogeneously, obtains containing siderochrome acieral granular precursor slip；Described plasticizer, step 3 obtain
To siderochrome aluminium-based alloyed powder, step 4 obtain siderochrome acieral granular precursor 35:15:50 in mass ratio
Join and take；
6th step: cast molding
Step 5 gained slip is cast in mould and jolt ramming, then dries at 100 DEG C, obtain ferrum-chromium-aluminum
Base multi-porous alloy material presoma；
7th step: sintering
Siderochrome aluminium-based porous alloy material presoma step 6 obtained is under inert atmosphere, with 1-3 DEG C/min
After heating rate rises to 800 DEG C of insulations 1 hour, rise to 1250 DEG C with 5-10 DEG C/min heating rate, sintering
1h, furnace cooling, obtain the aluminium-based porous alloy material of siderochrome.
In the present embodiment, plasticizer described in preparation method step 4, step 5 is made up of with binding agent dispersant,
And binding agent to account for the weight/mass percentage composition of plasticizer be 10%；Described binding agent is poly-ethyl acetate；Described dispersion
Agent is deionized water.
The present embodiment prepares the aluminium-based porous alloy material of siderochrome, and porosity reaches 40.1%, its macro morphology and table
Face microscopic appearance is as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, it is clear that achieve close metallurgical binding between ferrum-chromium-aluminum base granule.
Use constant temperature oxidation experiment that the high-temperature oxidation resistance of ferrum-chromium-aluminum base porous metal material is tested,
And contrast with stainless steel porous material, experiment oxidizing temperature is 800 DEG C, and atmosphere is air, in pre-timing
Between put acquisition quality data, find 10min time oxidation weight gain rate be 0.132mg/g, oxidation during 60min
Rate of body weight gain is 0.418mg/g, and oxidation weight gain rate during 120min is 0.732mg/g, is significantly less than rustless steel many
The oxidation weight gain rate of Porous materials, illustrates that the ferrum-chromium-aluminum base porous metal material obtained by this embodiment has excellence
High temperature oxidation resistance, can be used to filter thermal power plant or metallurgical furnace kiln emit containing the granular powder cloud of dust
Gas etc..
Ferrum-chromium-aluminum base porous metal material obtained by this embodiment is put into 800 DEG C of vertical resistance tube atmosphere
Stove, is incubated 10min, is put immediately in cold water and cools down rapidly after taking-up, to be cooled after room temperature, is reentered into
Heating and thermal insulation in resistance furnace, reciprocation cycle, to detect the ability of porous metal material adaptation rapid heat cycle environment.
Test through 100 reciprocation cycle, find that porous metal material can well bear rapid heat cycle environment, and
Do not ftracture, the phenomenon such as loose, hole is intact, is the most still completely embedded between granule and granule,
Not changing due to the change rapidly of ambient temperature, remain to keep metal toughness, mechanical performance is the best.
Fig. 3 (a) and Fig. 3 (b) is the microscopic appearance before and after the cold cycling of siderochrome aluminium-based porous alloy material granule junction
Figure, it is clear that cold cycling does not destroy the bonding state between granule；And find, after circulation experiment,
Surface mass is mainly aluminium oxide, and this also illustrates that this material has good corrosion-resistant and antioxygenic property.
Embodiment 2
Siderochrome aluminium-based porous alloy material constituent mass percentage ratio prepared by the present embodiment is:
Aluminum 3.75%, chromium 20.25%, carborundum 5%, rare-earth yttrium 0.49%, surplus is ferrum.
The preparation method of the aluminium-based porous alloy material of a kind of siderochrome of the present invention, comprises the steps:
The first step: preparation ferrum-carborundum agglomerate containing rare earth
Carborundum, the quality proportioning of rare earth in the aluminium-based porous alloy material of siderochrome according to design, in 5 times of ratios
Carborundum after amplification, the mass ratio of rare earth, weigh carborundum powder 25kg, mixed rare earth of lanthanum and cerium 2.45kg respectively,
It is mixed to get mixed-powder with 42kg iron powder, after 10 hours mix homogeneously of mixed-powder vacuum ball milling, pressure
Making type, in 1300 DEG C of vacuum-sinterings 1 hour, furnace cooling obtained the ferrum containing rare earth-carborundum agglomerate；
Second step: prepare the ferrum-chromium-aluminum base alloy pig of silicon carbide-containing, rare earth
The ferrum containing rare earth-carborundum agglomerate middle rare earth of obtaining according to the first step, carborundum, the quality of ferrum,
By the siderochrome each component proportion of aluminium-based porous alloy material of design, configure aluminium ingot, chromium powder and the iron powder of surplus,
Under argon atmosphere after 2200 DEG C of meltings 1.5 hours, furnace cooling obtains the ferrum of silicon carbide-containing, rare earth
Chromium acieral ingot；
3rd step: prepared sizes are at the siderochrome aluminium-based alloyed powder of 2-4um
The ferrum-chromium-aluminum base alloy pig obtained by second step crushes final vacuum and is milled to the ferrum-chromium-aluminum base that granularity is 2-4um
Alloyed powder；
4th step: preparation siderochrome acieral granular precursor
Take the siderochrome aluminium-based alloyed powder that step 3 obtains, add the one-tenth accounting for taken siderochrome aluminium-based alloyed powder quality 30%
Shape agent also stirs, and then, pelletize, particle diameter is 1.5-2.5mm, is dried in 100 DEG C, obtains ferrum-chromium-aluminum
Base alloy granular precursor；
5th step: preparation acieral granular precursor slip Han siderochrome
Take plasticizer, siderochrome aluminium-based alloyed powder that step 3 obtains, step 4 obtain siderochrome acieral presoma
Granule mix homogeneously, obtains containing siderochrome acieral granular precursor slip；Described plasticizer, step 3 obtain
To siderochrome aluminium-based alloyed powder, step 4 obtain siderochrome acieral granular precursor 35:15:50 in mass ratio
Join and take；
6th step: cast molding
Step 5 gained slip is cast in mould and ultrasound wave jolt ramming, then dries at 100 DEG C, obtain
Siderochrome aluminium-based porous alloy material presoma；
7th step: sintering
Siderochrome aluminium-based porous alloy material presoma step 6 obtained is under inert atmosphere, with 1-3 DEG C/min
After heating rate rises to 800 DEG C of insulations 1 hour, rise to 1250 DEG C with 5-10 DEG C/min heating rate, sintering
1h, furnace cooling, obtain the aluminium-based porous alloy material of siderochrome.
In the present embodiment, plasticizer described in preparation method step 4, step 5 is made up of with binding agent dispersant,
And binding agent to account for the weight/mass percentage composition of plasticizer be 10%；Described binding agent is polyvinyl alcohol；Described dispersion
Agent is ethanol.
The present embodiment prepares the aluminium-based porous alloy material of siderochrome, and porosity reaches 43.6%.
Use corrosion weight loss method to observe the corrosion resistance of sample, and contrast with stainless steel porous material, will
Sintered sample is put in the beaker equipped with 3.5%NaCl solution, is soaked 72 hours by sample in such circumstances,
The middle corrosion weight loss that calculates by several times, corrosion weight loss rate during discovery 24h is 4.52mg/g, and corrosion during 48h is lost
Heavily rate is 5.07mg/g, and corrosion weight loss rate during 72h is 5.58mg/g, loses than the corrosion of stainless steel porous material
Heavily the low an order of magnitude of rate, illustrates that the ferrum-chromium-aluminum base porous metal material obtained by this embodiment has excellence
Decay resistance, can be used to filter various pyrometallurgy fluids etc..
Ferrum-chromium-aluminum base porous metal material obtained by this embodiment is put into 800 DEG C of vertical resistance tube atmosphere
Stove, is incubated 10min, is put immediately in cold water and cools down rapidly after taking-up, to be cooled after room temperature, is reentered into
Heating and thermal insulation in resistance furnace, reciprocation cycle, to detect the ability of porous metal material adaptation rapid heat cycle environment.
Test through 100 reciprocation cycle, find that porous metal material can well bear rapid heat cycle environment, and
Do not ftracture, the phenomenon such as loose, hole is intact, is the most still completely embedded between granule and granule,
Not changing due to the change rapidly of ambient temperature, remain to keep metal toughness, mechanical performance is the best.
Embodiment 3
Siderochrome aluminium-based porous alloy material constituent mass percentage ratio prepared by the present embodiment is:
Aluminum 5.46%, chromium 19.58%, carborundum 5%, mixed rare earth of lanthanum and cerium 0.038%, surplus is ferrum.
The preparation method of the aluminium-based porous alloy material of a kind of siderochrome of the present invention, comprises the steps:
The first step: preparation ferrum-carborundum agglomerate containing rare earth
Carborundum, the quality proportioning of rare earth in the aluminium-based porous alloy material of siderochrome according to design, in 5 times of ratios
Carborundum after amplification, the mass ratio of rare earth, weigh carborundum powder 25kg, mixed rare earth of lanthanum and cerium 0.19kg respectively,
It is mixed to get mixed-powder with 38kg iron powder, after 10 hours mix homogeneously of mixed-powder vacuum ball milling, pressure
Making type, in 1250 DEG C of vacuum-sinterings 2 hours, furnace cooling obtained the ferrum containing rare earth-carborundum agglomerate；
Second step: prepare the ferrum-chromium-aluminum base alloy pig of silicon carbide-containing, rare earth
The ferrum containing rare earth-carborundum agglomerate middle rare earth of obtaining according to the first step, carborundum, the quality of ferrum,
By the siderochrome each component proportion of aluminium-based porous alloy material of design, configure aluminium ingot, chromium powder and the iron powder of surplus,
Under vacuum condition after 2100 DEG C of meltings 1.5 hours, furnace cooling obtains the ferrum-chromium-aluminum of silicon carbide-containing, rare earth
Base alloy pig；
3rd step: prepared sizes are at the siderochrome aluminium-based alloyed powder of 15-20um
The ferrum-chromium-aluminum base alloy pig obtained by second step crushes final vacuum and is milled to the ferrum-chromium-aluminum that granularity is 15-20um
Base alloyed powder；
4th step: preparation siderochrome acieral granular precursor
Take the siderochrome aluminium-based alloyed powder that step 3 obtains, add the one-tenth accounting for taken siderochrome aluminium-based alloyed powder quality 20%
Shape agent also stirs, and then, pelletize, particle diameter is 1.5-2.5mm, is dried in 100 DEG C, obtains ferrum-chromium-aluminum
Base alloy granular precursor；
5th step: preparation acieral granular precursor slip Han siderochrome
Take plasticizer, siderochrome aluminium-based alloyed powder that step 3 obtains, step 4 obtain siderochrome acieral presoma
Granule mix homogeneously, obtains containing siderochrome acieral granular precursor slip；Described plasticizer, step 3 obtain
To siderochrome aluminium-based alloyed powder, step 4 obtain siderochrome acieral granular precursor 40:10:50 in mass ratio
Join and take；
6th step: cast molding
Step 5 gained slip is cast in mould and ultrasound wave jolt ramming, then dries at 100 DEG C, obtain
Siderochrome aluminium-based porous alloy material presoma；
7th step: sintering
Siderochrome aluminium-based porous alloy material presoma step 6 obtained is under inert atmosphere, with 1-3 DEG C/min
After heating rate rises to 800 DEG C of insulations 1 hour, rise to 1250 DEG C with 5-10 DEG C/min heating rate, sintering
1h, furnace cooling, obtain the aluminium-based porous alloy material of siderochrome.
In the present embodiment, plasticizer described in preparation method step 4, step 5 is made up of with binding agent dispersant,
And binding agent to account for the weight/mass percentage composition of plasticizer be 20%；Described binding agent is hydroxy propyl cellulose；Described
Dispersant is acetone.
The present embodiment prepares the aluminium-based porous alloy material of siderochrome, and porosity reaches 45.2%.
Ferrum-chromium-aluminum base porous metal material obtained by this embodiment is put into 800 DEG C of vertical resistance tube atmosphere
Stove, is incubated 10min, is put immediately in cold water and cools down rapidly after taking-up, to be cooled after room temperature, is reentered into
Heating and thermal insulation in resistance furnace, reciprocation cycle, to detect the ability of porous metal material adaptation rapid heat cycle environment.
Test through 100 reciprocation cycle, find that porous metal material can well bear rapid heat cycle environment, and
Do not ftracture, the phenomenon such as loose, hole is intact, is the most still completely embedded between granule and granule,
Not changing due to the change rapidly of ambient temperature, remain to keep metal toughness, mechanical performance is the best
Good.
Claims (7)
1. the aluminium-based porous alloy material of siderochrome, including following component, composition by mass percentage:
Aluminum 3-7,
Chromium 15-25,
Carborundum 2-10,
Rare earth 0.03-0.5, surplus is ferrum；
Described rare earth is mixed rare earth of lanthanum and cerium or rare-earth yttrium；
Described multi-porous alloy material is consisted of metallurgical binding the ferrum-chromium-aluminum base alloy material granule of a diameter of 0.5-3.5mm, is selected and grain composition by ferrum-chromium-aluminum base alloy material grain diameter, it is achieved multi-porous alloy material porosity and the adjustment of pore size；
The preparation method of the described aluminium-based porous alloy material of a kind of siderochrome, comprises the steps:
The first step: preparation ferrum-carborundum agglomerate containing rare earth
Carborundum, the quality proportioning of rare earth in the aluminium-based porous alloy material of siderochrome according to design, by the carborundum after amplifying in proportion, the mass ratio of rare earth, weigh carborundum powder, rare earth respectively, it is mixed to get mixed-powder with iron powder, after mixed-powder vacuum ball milling mix homogeneously, compressing, in 1200-1300 DEG C of vacuum-sintering, furnace cooling obtains the ferrum containing rare earth-carborundum agglomerate；
Second step: prepare the ferrum-chromium-aluminum base alloy pig of silicon carbide-containing, rare earth
The ferrum containing rare earth-carborundum agglomerate middle rare earth of obtaining according to the first step, carborundum, the quality of ferrum; the siderochrome each component proportion of aluminium-based porous alloy material by design; configuration aluminium ingot, chromium powder and the iron powder of surplus; in 2000-2200 DEG C of melting under argon atmosphere, furnace cooling obtains the ferrum-chromium-aluminum base alloy pig of silicon carbide-containing, rare earth；
3rd step: prepared sizes are at the siderochrome aluminium-based alloyed powder of 1-100um
The ferrum-chromium-aluminum base alloy pig obtained by second step crushes final vacuum and is milled to the siderochrome aluminium-based alloyed powder that granularity is 1-100um；
4th step: preparation siderochrome acieral granular precursor
Take the siderochrome aluminium-based alloyed powder that step 3 obtains, add and account for the plasticizer of taken siderochrome aluminium-based alloyed powder quality 10-30% and stir, then, pelletize, it is dried in 80-120 DEG C, obtains siderochrome acieral granular precursor；
5th step: preparation acieral granular precursor slip Han siderochrome
Take plasticizer, siderochrome aluminium-based alloyed powder that step 3 obtains, step 4 obtain siderochrome acieral granular precursor mix homogeneously, obtain containing siderochrome acieral granular precursor slip；
6th step: cast molding
Step 5 gained slip is cast in mould and jolt ramming, then dries at 80-120 DEG C, obtain siderochrome aluminium-based porous alloy material presoma；
7th step: sintering
Siderochrome aluminium-based porous alloy material presoma step 6 obtained is under inert atmosphere or vacuum environment, after rising to 600-800 DEG C of insulation 0.5-2 hour with 1-3 DEG C/min heating rate, 1200-1400 DEG C is risen to 5-10 DEG C/min heating rate, sintering 0.5-2h, furnace cooling, obtains the aluminium-based porous alloy material of siderochrome.
A kind of aluminium-based porous alloy material of siderochrome the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step one, in 1200-1300 DEG C of vacuum-sintering 1-3 hour.
A kind of aluminium-based porous alloy material of siderochrome the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 2, in 2000-2200 DEG C of melting 1-3 hour.
A kind of aluminium-based porous alloy material of siderochrome the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: siderochrome acieral granular precursor prepared by step 4 is spherical, and particle diameter is 0.5-3.5mm.
A kind of aluminium-based porous alloy material of siderochrome the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: plasticizer described in step 4, step 5 is made up of with binding agent dispersant, and binding agent to account for the weight/mass percentage composition of plasticizer be 5-50%.
A kind of aluminium-based porous alloy material of siderochrome the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: described binding agent is the one in poly-ethyl acetate, polyethylene butyl ester, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxy propyl cellulose, polyacrylate or Polyethylene Glycol；Described dispersant is the one in deionized water, methanol, ethanol, acetone, normal hexane.
A kind of aluminium-based porous alloy material of siderochrome the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step 5, containing in siderochrome acieral granular precursor slip, siderochrome aluminium-based alloyed powder that plasticizer, step 3 obtain, step 4 obtain siderochrome acieral granular precursor (30-50) in mass ratio: (10-20): (30-50) joins and take.
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