CN104641898A - High-yield planting method of wheat - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-yield planting method of wheat, and relates to the technical field of crop cultivation. The method comprises the following steps: carefully selecting wheat seeds; performing seed dressing with a proper amount of drug; performing seedling management, management of the wheat before winter, spring management of the wheat and later-stage management of the wheat; harvesting at proper time to guarantee good quality and high yield of the wheat. By using the planting method, good growth power and good mature appearance of the wheat are realized, the disease resistance of the wheat is enhanced, grain plumpness, mature stems and high dry and hot wind resistance are realized, the physiological activity of the wheat can be improved, the utilization rate of a fertilizer is improved, good growth of the wheat is promoted, the cold resistance, the drought resistance and the lodging resistance capacity of the wheat are improved, premature senility is prevented, the leaf function period is prolonged, the photosynthesis is enhanced, and the spike number per acreage, the kernels per spike and the thousand kernel weight of the wheat are improved.

Description

Improving yield of wheat implantation methods

Technical field

The present invention relates to agricultural technology field, be specifically related to a kind of improving yield of wheat implantation methods.

Background technology

Wheat is one of four large main grain and oil crops, and it contains the nutriments such as abundant starch, fat, protein, vitamin, phosphorus, calcium, iron, and can cultivate throughout the country, its sowing area and gross yield are only second to paddy rice, occupy second.Wheat plant is relatively short and small, but well developed root system, absorbing capacity is comparatively strong, and need nutrient more, soil fertility consumption is larger.The same with other staple food crops, wheat also has obvious stage to the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and breeding time is different, and the nitrogen absorbed, phosphorus, potassium quantity are also not quite similar.Generally speaking, the nutrient that absorbs to turning green after emerging of wheat and the dry matter of accumulation less; After turning green, infiltration rate increases, and is absorb nutrient and accumulation dry matter the fastest period from jointing to flowering stage; After blooming, the infiltration rate of nutrient is declined gradually.Survive the winter to the shooting stage be vigorous period of nitrogen metabolism, need sufficient nitrogen nutrition to meet the needs of the nutrition organs growths such as root, stem, leaf, evil; Need the enough nitrogens of supply and appropriate phosphorus, potash fertilizer seedling stage, be beneficial to nurturing staff; Jointing, booting to flowering stage are the periods that wheat absorption three elements are maximum; Milking maturity can decline to the maturing stage gradually to the absorption of N P and K.At present, most of peasant household still lacks scientific guidance and management, particularly holds inaccurate in the links such as Term Fertilization period, fertilization type, fertilising consumption, cause yield poorly, poor quality; Especially along with the increase of labor cost, repeatedly using inorganic fertilizer can increase production cost undoubtedly, causes soil compaction, and soil quality is worsened.

Summary of the invention

It is simple that technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of method, is convenient to the improving yield of wheat implantation methods of actual management.

Technical problem to be solved by this invention realizes by the following technical solutions:

A kind of improving yield of wheat implantation methods, is characterized in that, comprise following methods step:

1) selected wheat seeds, and dress seed with proper amount of medication, mix 100kg wheat seeds and need following component and consumption: purple sweet potato cyanidin 10g, sodium selenite 5g, tealeaves alkaloid 3g, 25% Tebuconazole 5ml, soybean lecithin 5g part, marine alga micro mist 2g, water-soluble potassium 2g, 2% gamma cyhalothrin 3g, 98% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 30g, cashew nut oil 5ml, Chelating state zinc 2g, tarragon water extract 2g, aqua cinnamomi extract 2g, coptis root aqueous extract 2g, 20% chlopyrifos 4ml, compound sodium nitrophenolate 4ml, mountain spring water 2kg; In order to upper dressing seed, experiment results proved, wheat seeding rate can improve about 15%, and meanwhile, blade is dark green, and stem is sturdy, and wheat seeding becomes short, and blade is thick, and blade is wide;

2) in sowing on October 8 to October 20, adopt rotary tillage to combine with deep ploughing, every mu of seeding quantity is 12kg, sows after October 20, and late sowing kind increases 0.25kg wheat seeds in one day;

Rotary tillage in recent years replaces the area of ploughing to expand year by year, and rotary tillage expenses of labour is low, and field clod is few, welcomes by peasant.But rotary tillage for years causes wheatland topsoil to shoal, and forms solid tillage pan, one is prick under affecting wheat root, and two is ooze under affecting moisture, and deep subsoil retaining is few, root system development is poor, affects grain and weighs and output, in addition, note a bit, combine with suppression when carrying out ploughing or rotary tillage, make Panasonic on soil real, avoid soil too loose, cause wheat cultivation excessively dark, form weak seedling.First time seeding quantity 2/3,1/3 of second time seeding quantity; Base manure and proportion of additional fertilizer 8:2, topdress before jointing;

The base manure of every mu of following component of need and consumption: nitrogenous fertilizer 10kg, natural pond slag 200kg, yellow sand 50kg, organic 50kg, humus soil 200kg, tealeaf residue 5kg, liver moss 5kg, colza cake 30kg, dregs of beans 3kg, corn stigma 3kg, amino acid 3kg, pinecone 30kg, ooze 20kg, ash wood 10kg, bagasse 20kg, vinasse powder 5kg;

Topdressing of every mu of following component of need and consumption: urea 50kg, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 10kg, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 10kg, water-soluble calcium 5kg, sodium acetate 2kg, magnesium sulfate 2kg, phosphorus pentoxide 10kg;

3) after emerging, look into seedling in time and fill a vacancy, it is rare to move thick benefit, intertills 1-2 time, and before the shooting stage after wheat tri-leaf period, carry out chemical weed control, daily mean temperature more than 5 DEG C, every mu of use 75% tribenuron-methyl 2g, the 30kg that adds water spraying once;

4) before the winter, catcher tube ought to be attached most importance to drought resisting of watering, to topdress and the technical measures such as prevention and elimination of disease and pests combine, accomplish because of seedling Classification Management, promote wheatland robust growth, strive for forming rational colony, for (Routine Management method) is laid a good foundation in wheat good harvest in next year;

5) later stage, booting stage and pustulation period is being spent to spray foliage fertilizer respectively once, active constituent content is: full nitrogen 5.0%, water-soluble phosphorus 15.0%, water-soluble potassium 30.%, calcium 0.05%, magnesium 0.05%, boron 0.35%, zinc 0.006%, iron 0.005%, copper 0.003%, manganese 0.0025%, molybdenum 0.0005%; Above 11 kinds of fertilizer at every turn every mu add 25% Tebuconazole 20g with 100g and use, use water 30kg for every mu, little wheat aphid, two spotted spider mite, midge worm, banded sclerotial blight, powdery mildew, rust, head blight can be prevented and treated, control Wheat lodging;

Ear from wheat, bloom until ripe, it is the later stage of wheat growth, this is the important vegetative stage that wheat forms grain yield, test proves, after wheat heading, mainly boot leaf, the internode under two leaves and fringe that falls carries out photosynthesis, produce carbohydrate, supply kernel grouting, therefore, attention protects boot leaf and falls two leaves, extend the green functional phase, keep the stronger intensity of photosynthesis of long period, raising grain is heavily played an important role, simultaneously, after wheat flower, the vigor of root system falls into a decline, delay Senescence of Root System, the root system of wheat is made to have the absorption moisture of long period and the function of nutriment, direct impact is had on the photosynthesis and duration that improve ten, leaf, therefore, root is protected in the main merit direction of wheat late growth stage management, protect leaf, anti-early ageing, increase grain weight,

6) wheat wax ripeness is the best period of results latter stage, and now, dry-matter accumulation is to maximum, dry granular is heavy the highest, should gather in the crops in time, airing in time after results, prevent chance rain and humidity from going rotten, and it is selected to carry out grain before warehouse-in, ensure the quality of wheat commodity, will singly receive single de-when Quality wheat for specific end-use should also be noted that results, independent airing, singly store Dan Yun, prevent from mixing.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: adopt implantation methods of the present invention, wheat growing way is good, fall yellow good, strengthen the resistance against diseases of wheat, full seed, bar of living is ripe, high hot-dry wind tolerance, can improve Physiological Activities of Wheat, improves the availability of fertilizer, promote that wheat well grows, improve cold-resistant, the drought resisting of wheat, anti-ly hold up ability, prevent early ageing, extend leaf functional period, strengthen photosynthesis, make the mu spike number of wheat, grain number per spike, thousand kernel weight raising.

Embodiment

The technological means realized to make the present invention, creation characteristic, reaching object and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, setting forth the present invention further.

Embodiment 1

A kind of improving yield of wheat implantation methods, is characterized in that, comprise following methods step:

1) selected wheat seeds, and dress seed with proper amount of medication, mix 100kg wheat seeds and need following component and consumption: purple sweet potato cyanidin 10g, sodium selenite 5g, tealeaves alkaloid 3g, 25% Tebuconazole 5ml, soybean lecithin 5g part, marine alga micro mist 2g, water-soluble potassium 2g, 2% gamma cyhalothrin 3g, 98% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 30g, cashew nut oil 5ml, Chelating state zinc 2g, tarragon water extract 2g, aqua cinnamomi extract 2g, coptis root aqueous extract 2g, 20% chlopyrifos 4ml, compound sodium nitrophenolate 4ml, mountain spring water 2kg; In order to upper dressing seed, experiment results proved, wheat seeding rate can improve about 15%, and meanwhile, blade is dark green, and stem is sturdy, and wheat seeding becomes short, and blade is thick, and blade is wide;

2) in sowing on October 8 to October 20, adopt rotary tillage to combine with deep ploughing, every mu of seeding quantity is 12kg, sows after October 20, and late sowing kind increases 0.25kg wheat seeds in one day;

Rotary tillage in recent years replaces the area of ploughing to expand year by year, and rotary tillage expenses of labour is low, and field clod is few, welcomes by peasant.But rotary tillage for years causes wheatland topsoil to shoal, and forms solid tillage pan, one is prick under affecting wheat root, and two is ooze under affecting moisture, and deep subsoil retaining is few, root system development is poor, affects grain and weighs and output, in addition, note a bit, combine with suppression when carrying out ploughing or rotary tillage, make Panasonic on soil real, avoid soil too loose, cause wheat cultivation excessively dark, form weak seedling.First time seeding quantity 2/3,1/3 of second time seeding quantity; Base manure and proportion of additional fertilizer 8:2, topdress before jointing;

The base manure of every mu of following component of need and consumption: nitrogenous fertilizer 10kg, natural pond slag 200kg, yellow sand 50kg, organic 50kg, humus soil 200kg, tealeaf residue 5kg, liver moss 5kg, colza cake 30kg, dregs of beans 3kg, corn stigma 3kg, amino acid 3kg, pinecone 30kg, ooze 20kg, ash wood 10kg, bagasse 20kg, vinasse powder 5kg;

Topdressing of every mu of following component of need and consumption: urea 50kg, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 10kg, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 10kg, water-soluble calcium 5kg, sodium acetate 2kg, magnesium sulfate 2kg, phosphorus pentoxide 10kg;

3) after emerging, look into seedling in time and fill a vacancy, it is rare to move thick benefit, intertills 1-2 time, and before the shooting stage after wheat tri-leaf period, carry out chemical weed control, daily mean temperature more than 5 DEG C, every mu of use 75% tribenuron-methyl 2g, the 30kg that adds water spraying once;

4) before the winter, catcher tube ought to be attached most importance to drought resisting of watering, and topdressed and the technical measures such as prevention and elimination of disease and pests combine, and accomplished because of seedling Classification Management, promoted wheatland robust growth, strive for being formed rational colony, for wheat good harvest in next year is laid a good foundation;

1. water water of surviving the winter, guarantee wheat seeding safe overwintering;

Watering water of surviving the winter makes wheat have suitable moisture condition with overwintering period before the winter, promote wheatland robust growth, prevent freeze injury, safe overwintering, water water preference temperature requirement of surviving the winter, daily mean temperature about 3 DEG C, the time is during the Beginning of Winter to slight snow, the little wheatland of colony should first water, the wheatland that Hou Jiao colony is large;

2. draw hoe in time, Miao Kuaifa is urged in soil moisture conservation temperature raising:

Dry year, wheatland will water moisture creating, must cause soil compaction, permeability is poor, and Wheat Growing Soils condition will be deteriorated, wheat tillering poor growth, be difficult to form strong sprout, carry out in time drawing hoe, energy chesson, abolish and harden, keeping soil water, the order ground in strong sprout before the cultivation winter, therefore, tackled wheatland before the winter and draw hoe one time, draw even, draw thoroughly, degree of depth 4-5cm is advisable;

3. rationally chemical fertilizer is imposed, strong sprout before the cultivation winter;

Rationally topdressing is the effective measures of cultivating strong sprout before the winter, topdresses and wheat can be made to prick dark root, and promote that wheat seeding is strengthened by weak turn, guarantee wheat safe overwintering, be conducive to turning green spring, improve rate of tillering panicle, increase yield, uses standard nitrogen fertilizer l5kg for every mu and be advisable;

5) later stage, booting stage and pustulation period is being spent to spray foliage fertilizer respectively once, active constituent content is: full nitrogen 5.0%, water-soluble phosphorus 15.0%, water-soluble potassium 30.%, calcium 0.05%, magnesium 0.05%, boron 0.35%, zinc 0.006%, iron 0.005%, copper 0.003%, manganese 0.0025%, molybdenum 0.0005%; Above 11 kinds of fertilizer at every turn every mu add 25% Tebuconazole 20g with 100g and use, use water 30kg for every mu, little wheat aphid, two spotted spider mite, midge worm, banded sclerotial blight, powdery mildew, rust, head blight can be prevented and treated, control Wheat lodging;

Ear from wheat, bloom until ripe, it is the later stage of wheat growth, this is the important vegetative stage that wheat forms grain yield, test proves, after wheat heading, mainly boot leaf, the internode under two leaves and fringe that falls carries out photosynthesis, produce carbohydrate, supply kernel grouting, therefore, attention protects boot leaf and falls two leaves, extend the green functional phase, keep the stronger intensity of photosynthesis of long period, raising grain is heavily played an important role, simultaneously, after wheat flower, the vigor of root system falls into a decline, delay Senescence of Root System, the root system of wheat is made to have the absorption moisture of long period and the function of nutriment, direct impact is had on the photosynthesis and duration that improve ten, leaf, therefore, root is protected in the main merit direction of wheat late growth stage management, protect leaf, anti-early ageing, increase grain weight,

6) wheat wax ripeness is the best period of results latter stage, and now, dry-matter accumulation is to maximum, dry granular is heavy the highest, should gather in the crops in time, airing in time after results, prevent chance rain and humidity from going rotten, and it is selected to carry out grain before warehouse-in, ensure the quality of wheat commodity, will singly receive single de-when Quality wheat for specific end-use should also be noted that results, independent airing, singly store Dan Yun, prevent from mixing.

More than show and describe general principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; what describe in above-described embodiment and specification just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.Application claims protection domain is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.

Claims (1)

1. an improving yield of wheat implantation methods, is characterized in that, comprises following methods step:

1) selected wheat seeds, and dress seed with proper amount of medication, mix 100kg wheat seeds and need following component and consumption: purple sweet potato cyanidin 10g, sodium selenite 5g, tealeaves alkaloid 3g, 25% Tebuconazole 5ml, soybean lecithin 5g part, marine alga micro mist 2g, water-soluble potassium 2g, 2% gamma cyhalothrin 3g, 98% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 30g, cashew nut oil 5ml, Chelating state zinc 2g, tarragon water extract 2g, aqua cinnamomi extract 2g, coptis root aqueous extract 2g, 20% chlopyrifos 4ml, compound sodium nitrophenolate 4ml, mountain spring water 2kg;

2) in sowing on October 8 to October 20, adopt rotary tillage to combine with deep ploughing, every mu of seeding quantity is 12kg, sows after October 20, and late sowing kind increases 0.25kg wheat seeds in one day; First time seeding quantity 2/3,1/3 of second time seeding quantity; Base manure and proportion of additional fertilizer 8:2, topdress before jointing;

The base manure of every mu of following component of need and consumption: nitrogenous fertilizer 10kg, natural pond slag 200kg, yellow sand 50kg, organic 50kg, humus soil 200kg, tealeaf residue 5kg, liver moss 5kg, colza cake 30kg, dregs of beans 3kg, corn stigma 3kg, amino acid 3kg, pinecone 30kg, ooze 20kg, ash wood 10kg, bagasse 20kg, vinasse powder 5kg;

Topdressing of every mu of following component of need and consumption: urea 50kg, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 10kg, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 10kg, water-soluble calcium 5kg, sodium acetate 2kg, magnesium sulfate 2kg, phosphorus pentoxide 10kg;

3) after emerging, look into seedling in time and fill a vacancy, it is rare to move thick benefit, intertills 1-2 time, and before the shooting stage after wheat tri-leaf period, carry out chemical weed control, daily mean temperature more than 5 DEG C, every mu of use 75% tribenuron-methyl 2g, the 30kg that adds water spraying once;

4) before the winter, catcher tube ought to be attached most importance to drought resisting of watering, and topdressed and prevention and elimination of disease and pests measure combines, and accomplished because of seedling Classification Management, promoted wheatland robust growth, strive for forming rational colony, for wheat good harvest in next year is laid a good foundation;

5) later stage, booting stage and pustulation period is being spent to spray foliage fertilizer respectively once, active constituent content is: full nitrogen 5.0%, water-soluble phosphorus 15.0%, water-soluble potassium 30.%, calcium 0.05%, magnesium 0.05%, boron 0.35%, zinc 0.006%, iron 0.005%, copper 0.003%, manganese 0.0025%, molybdenum 0.0005%; Above 11 kinds of fertilizer at every turn every mu add 25% Tebuconazole 20g with 100g and use, use water 30kg for every mu;

6) wheat wax ripeness is the best period of results latter stage, and now, dry-matter accumulation is to maximum, dry granular is heavy the highest, should gather in the crops in time, airing in time after results, prevent chance rain and humidity from going rotten, and it is selected to carry out grain before warehouse-in, ensure the quality of wheat commodity, will singly receive single de-when Quality wheat for specific end-use should also be noted that results, independent airing, singly store Dan Yun, prevent from mixing.