CN104353661B - Method for treating soil polluted by heavy metals - Google Patents
Method for treating soil polluted by heavy metals Download PDFInfo
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- CN104353661B CN104353661B CN201410551637.XA CN201410551637A CN104353661B CN 104353661 B CN104353661 B CN 104353661B CN 201410551637 A CN201410551637 A CN 201410551637A CN 104353661 B CN104353661 B CN 104353661B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for treating cadmium-contaminated soil. The method comprises the steps of planting starch plants in the soil polluted by heavy metals; mixing soil repairing microorganisms composed of at least one microorganism of mycobacterium, pseudomonas and actinomyces with fertilizer capable of promoting growth of the starch plants , and applying the mixture to the soil; and after the starch plants ripe gathering the starch plants and extracting the heavy metals or gathering parts where starch is enriched of the starch plants for preparing industrial starch, gathering the rest of the starch plants to be processed into powder, and extracting the heavy metals. The method has the benefits that the operation is simple, a peasant only needs to normally plant crops in a farmland, the peasant's income is not affected, additional manpower and material resources are also not needed for crop plantation, and the method is low in cost, has wide applicability and is suitable for popularization; after being harvested by the peasant, the starch plants only need to be purchased, and the heavy metals in the starch plants are extracted, so that the heavy metals can be recovered, and further, the soil is radically treated; moreover, after starch obtained after the heavy metals are extracted can also be used in the industrial field, and the economic benefits are created.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to heavy metal pollution regulation field, especially a kind of method for administering cadmium pollution soil.
Background technology
The features such as Heavy Metals In Environment has disguised, chronicity and irreversibility, its pollutant is moved in media as well
Dynamic property is poor, holdup time length, can not be degraded by microorganisms, can also the transmission of Jing food chains, finally affect human health, now, by
It is even more in heavy metals such as geologic origin and mankind's activity, cadmiums and the farmland ecosystems such as rice field, wheat field, milpa is polluted,
Heavy metal was taken in by human body by food chain with the shorter cycle, caused greatly threat to human health.It is rich using heavy metal
Collection plant or super enriching plant (hyperaccumulator) carry out phytoremediation and have small investment, an efficiency high to soil, and not
Cause the multifrequency natures such as secondary pollution, it is shown that great potentiality.
The Chinese patent of Patent No. 201110025413.1 discloses Debregeasia orientalis C. J. Chen in rehabilitating soil heavy metal cadmium
Using, by planting Debregeasia orientalis C. J. Chen in heavy-metal contaminated soil, then gather in Debregeasia orientalis C. J. Chen aerial partss, stay stake part continue send out a branch, to receive
The aerial partss for cutting carry out ashing process, extract heavy metal, can effectively reduce the content of the cadmium in contaminated soil, so as to repair dirt
Dye soil；Debregeasia orientalis C. J. Chen has a significant enriched character to heavy metals such as cadmiums, and due to the vitality of Debregeasia orientalis C. J. Chen it is very vigorous, it is easy to into
It is living, and its natural propagation growth is quick, need not carry out special management in its whole growth course, Debregeasia orientalis C. J. Chen belongs to perennial filling
Wood plant, can stay stake to send out branch, thus rehabilitating soil cost is relatively low, workable.In Patent No. 201110050461.6
State's patent discloses application of the Pu root in rehabilitating soil heavy metal cadmium, plants Pu in cadmium metal contaminated soil
Root, Pu root need to periodically carry out beta pruning harvesting in plantation, stay stake to send out branch, and which gathered in carry out after branch ashing process, carry
Heavy metal is taken, so as to heavy metal cadmium contaminated soil is repaired；Pu root has significant enrichment special to heavy metals such as cadmiums
Property, and due to the vitality of Pu root it is very vigorous, it is easy to survive, and its natural propagation growth be quick, in its whole growth
During do not need special management, thus cost is relatively low, workable.Can be used for the plant of repairing heavy metal in soil pollution also
Including Indian mustard, Viola baoshanensis, Herba Taraxaci, Herba Solani Nigri, little Chinese liquor flower, Sedum alfredii Hance etc., they are to cadmium single and combined pollution
There are stronger patience and accumulation ability.But these prior arts yet suffer from following deficiency：
1）Using there is limitation：The technology of the plant soil restoration such as existing utilization Debregeasia orientalis C. J. Chen or Pu root, soil dedicated for
The plant of enriching heavy metal is capable of in plantation, after these plant harvests, then extracts heavy metal；The process of the rehabilitating soil, needs to throw
Enter ample resources（Human and material resources and financial resources etc.）, soil is occupied, without any economic benefit, the spare time being adapted only to beyond arable land
Put, it is poor for applicability.
2）High cost：On the one hand during repairing, planting plants need the resource inputs such as human and material resources, on the other hand
There is no the output that can produce economic benefit again, soil is not utilized effectively, the cost of repair process is high, waste a large amount of money
Source.
3）Complex operation：Need special personnel to repair soil, row harvesting when repair process wants complicated, ashing,
Extraction process.
The content of the invention
The task of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of above-mentioned prior art, there is provided a kind of simple to operate, low cost, the suitability
Extensively, it is suitable to the method for administering cadmium pollution soil promoted.
The present invention is realized by following technical proposals：
A kind of method for administering cadmium pollution soil, it is characterised in that：Which comprises the steps：
1）Starch plant is planted in the soil by heavy metal pollution；
2）To in soil, applying can promote the soil remediation microorganism of the enrichment of starch plant heavy metal.
Further improvement project of the invention includes：
The soil remediation microorganism includes at least one in Mycobacterium, Rhodopseudomonass and actinomyces
Microorganism；It is preferred that soil remediation microorganism include at least one microorganism in Mycobacterium, selected from Rhodopseudomonass
In at least one microorganism and at least one microorganism in actinomyces.
The soil remediation microorganism selected from Mycobacterium includes Mycobacterium phlei and/or mycobacteria RJGH-135
Bacterial strain.
The soil remediation microorganism selected from Rhodopseudomonass includes Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
The soil remediation microorganism selected from actinomyces includes chlortetracycline streptococcus.
The method for administering cadmium pollution soil also includes step 3）：Apply to promote starch plant to grow in soil
Fertilizer.
The starch plant is Semen Maydiss, Oryza sativa L., Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae or Maninot esculenta crantz..
The step 2）With the step 3）Operational approach be：First the soil remediation microorganism and the fertilizer are mixed
Close, then be blended with the fertilizer of soil remediation microorganism and be applied in soil.
The method for administering cadmium pollution soil also includes step 4）：After starch plant maturation, starch plant is collected, is carried
Take heavy metal.
The method for administering cadmium pollution soil also includes step 5）：After starch plant maturation, collect starch plant and be rich in
The position of starch prepares industrial starch, collects starch plant remainder and is processed into powder, extracts heavy metal.
The step 5）The position of middle utilization starch plant rich in starch prepares the method for industrial starch：Starch is planted
Slurry is made at the position of thing rich in starch, the passivation microorganism that heavy metal can be settled by addition in the slurry, refilters, you can
The starch after extracting heavy metal is obtained, filtering residue is processed and can be extracted heavy metal.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：It is simple to operate, peasant's normal Planting Crops in farmland are only needed, is not affected
Farmers' income, without extra human and material resources Planting Crops, low cost, the suitability are wide, are suitable to promote, and peasant harvests starch
After plant, need to only be purchased, be extracted heavy metal, you can be reclaimed heavy metal, soil is effected a radical cure, and after extracting heavy metal
The starch for obtaining can be additionally used in industrial circle, produce economic benefit.
Specific embodiment
The method for administering cadmium pollution soil a kind of to the present invention is further described below:
Embodiment 1：
A kind of method for administering cadmium pollution soil, comprises the steps：
1）Starch plant is planted in the soil by heavy metal pollution；
2）To in soil, applying can promote the soil remediation microorganism of the enrichment of starch plant heavy metal.
Preferred starch plant is to can be used to produce the Semen Maydiss of industrial starch, Oryza sativa L., Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae or Maninot esculenta crantz..
It is preferred that soil remediation microorganism includes at least one in Mycobacterium, Rhodopseudomonass and actinomyces
Microorganism；More preferably soil remediation microorganism include at least one microorganism in Mycobacterium, selected from pseudomonass
At least one microorganism in category and at least one microorganism in actinomyces, using by including Mycobacterium, vacation
The soil remediation microorganism of the antimicrobial composition of three category such as zygosaccharomycess and actinomyces, can effectively facilitate starch plant
Thing is for the enrichment of heavy metal.
The soil remediation microorganism for being preferably selected from Mycobacterium includes Mycobacterium phlei and/or mycobacteria RJGH-135
Bacterial strain.The Latin literary fame of Mycobacterium phlei is referred to as Mycobacterium phlei（Abbreviation M.phlei）, reference culture number
ATCC11758。
Be preferably selected from Rhodopseudomonass soil remediation microorganism include Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pseudomonas
aeruginosa)。
The soil remediation microorganism for being preferably selected from actinomyces includes chlortetracycline streptococcus (Streptomycse
aureofaciens Ouggar)。
It is preferred that the method for administering cadmium pollution soil also includes step 3）：Apply to promote starch plant to grow in soil
Fertilizer so that heavy metal can be enriched in starch plant more, faster.
It is preferred that carrying out step 2 during week）With step 3）, to save operation sequence, method is as follows：First by soil remediation microorganism
Mix with fertilizer, make the fertilizer containing soil remediation microorganism, then the compound fertilizer by made by is applied in soil, fertilizer can
With using farm manure or other non-pure chemistry fertilizer.
It is preferred that the method for administering cadmium pollution soil also includes step 4）：After starch plant maturation, starch plant is collected, is carried
Take heavy metal.Following steps 5 can be adopted）Mode process starch plant：After starch plant maturation, starch plant is collected rich in shallow lake
The position of powder prepares industrial starch, collects starch plant remainder（Remainder refers to that starch plant collects rich in starch portion
The later remaining part in position）Powder is processed into, heavy metal is extracted.If application has special to content of beary metal in starch
Limit, industrial starch can be prepared by following methods：Slurry is made at the position of starch plant rich in starch, is added in the slurry
The passivation microorganism that heavy metal can be settled, refilters, you can obtain the starch after extracting heavy metal, and processing filtering residue can carry
Take out heavy metal；Heavy metal is extracted from starch also by other existing methods.
The present invention can be by, in the soil by heavy metal pollution, plantation can be used in producing the starch of industrial starch and plant
Thing, the fertilizer containing soil remediation microorganism is administered simultaneously promote heavy metal absorption and starch plant growth, starch plant into
After ripe, the position for collecting plant rich in starch prepares industrial starch, for increasing product income, remainder is processed into powder
End, extracts heavy metal, reaches the purpose for administering heavy metal pollution.
Embodiment 2：
The present embodiment is the control experiment carried out on the basis of embodiment 1：
4 mu of the soil of polluted by heavy metal cadmium is chosen, contaminated degree is very approximate after testing, is divided into area and is
4 pieces of 1 mu, are labeled as 1,2,3,4 groups.1st group of maize planting, does not apply the compound fertilizer containing soil remediation microorganism, and the 2nd
Group maize planting, applies the compound fertilizer 1 containing soil remediation microorganism（Containing Mycobacterium phlei, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and gold
Mycin streptococcus）, the 3rd group of plantation Radix Ipomoeae do not apply the compound fertilizer containing soil remediation microorganism, and the 4th group of plantation Radix Ipomoeae is applied
With the compound fertilizer containing soil remediation microorganism（Containing Mycobacterium phlei, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, mycobacteria RJGH-135 bacterium
Strain and chlortetracycline streptococcus）.Irregularly watered according to soil water regime, it is ensured that crop normal growth, period do not spray
Other nutritional solutions.Starch enrichment positions are collected after maturation（Ipomoea batatas stem tuber and Semen Maydiss）For preparing industrial starch, other overground parts
Divide cumulant, the concentration coefficient for determining heavy metal cadmium after collecting.Testing result see the table below 1.
1 starch plant of table is for the enrichment characteristics of cadmium
| Group | Cd accumulation amount（mg/kg） | Cadmium concentration coefficient |
| 1st group | 1543.21 | 3.02 |
| 2nd group | 1932.02 | 3.98 |
| 3rd group | 1776.22 | 3.75 |
| 4th group | 2053.98 | 4.62 |
Knowable to the data of table 1, starch plant heavy metal（Cadmium）With good enriching, heavy metal can be in starch
It is enriched with plant in a large number, applies the compound fertilizer containing soil remediation microorganism and can significantly improve starch plant heavy metal
Enriching, can quickly effect a radical cure the heavy metal pollution problem of soil using the inventive method.
Claims (6)
1. it is a kind of administer cadmium pollution soil method, it is characterised in that：Which comprises the steps：
1）Plant starch plant in the farmland of polluted by heavy metal cadmium, the starch plant is Semen Maydiss, Oryza sativa L., Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, sweet
Potato or Maninot esculenta crantz., the starch plant heavy metal cadmium have good enriching, and heavy metal cadmium can be a large amount of in starch plant
Enrichment；
2）Apply the compound fertilizer containing soil remediation microorganism to improve the enriching of the starch plant heavy metal cadmium, should
In step be possible to promote starch plant heavy metal cadmium enrichment soil remediation microorganism with can promote starch plant
The fertilizer of growth is mixed, then is blended with the fertilizer of soil remediation microorganism and is applied in soil, soil remediation microorganism
Including at least one microorganism in Mycobacterium, Rhodopseudomonass and actinomyces, apply micro- containing soil remediation
Biological compound fertilizer improves the enriching of starch plant heavy metal cadmium；
3）After peasant harvests starch plant, purchased, heavy metal cadmium is extracted to starch enrichment positions, so as to not affect peasant to receive
Enter, without extra human and material resources Planting Crops：The position of the starch plant rich in starch collected is prepared into industrial starch,
Starch plant is collected into the later remaining part in rich in starch position and is processed into powder, extract heavy metal cadmium.
2. it is according to claim 1 administer cadmium pollution soil method, it is characterised in that：In step 3）In, if application
There is particular restriction in field to heavy metal cadmium content in starch, prepares industrial starch by following methods：By starch plant rich in shallow lake
Slurry is made at the position of powder, the passivation microorganism that heavy metal cadmium can be settled by addition in the slurry, refilters, you can carried
The starch after heavy metal cadmium is taken, filtering residue is processed and can be extracted heavy metal cadmium.
3. it is according to claim 1 administer cadmium pollution soil method, it is characterised in that：It is described to promote starch plant
The fertilizer of growth is farm manure or non-pure chemistry fertilizer.
4. it is according to claim 1 administer cadmium pollution soil method, it is characterised in that：Selected from described in Mycobacterium
Soil remediation microorganism includes Mycobacterium phlei and/or mycobacteria RJGH-135 bacterial strains.
5. it is according to claim 1 administer cadmium pollution soil method, it is characterised in that：Selected from described in Rhodopseudomonass
Soil remediation microorganism includes Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
6. it is according to claim 1 administer cadmium pollution soil method, it is characterised in that：Selected from the soil of actinomyces
Earth repairs microorganism includes chlortetracycline streptococcus.
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| CN105728454A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-07-06 | 宇星科技发展(深圳)有限公司 | Method for jointly restoring heavy metal contaminated soil through chemical passivation-microorganism |
| CN106337030A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-01-18 | 宁波枫叶杰科生物技术有限公司 | Microbial product for treatment of heavy metal polluted saline-alkaline land and manufacture method thereof |
| CN106479914B (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2019-09-17 | 北京林业大学 | One plant of anti-antimony pseudomonad XKS1 and its application |
| CN109967518A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2019-07-05 | 中环沃野环保有限公司 | A method of polluted soil is quickly repaired using MP Matrix Technology |
| CN109092885A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2018-12-28 | 西施生态科技股份有限公司 | Utilize the method for Pu root repairing heavy metal in soil cadmium pollution |
| CN109369226B (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2021-08-03 | 绵阳师范学院 | Biological bacterial fertilizer for strengthening phytoremediation of cadmium-polluted soil and application thereof |
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| JPH06134432A (en) * | 1992-10-20 | 1994-05-17 | Canon Inc | Method for restoring soil |
| EP1012254A4 (en) * | 1997-04-25 | 2001-11-14 | Us Environment | Method for reducting bioavailability of lead by a lead-sequestering soil bacterium |
| CN101892187B (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2012-07-11 | 华中农业大学 | Recombinant Pseudomonas putida CH01 capable of adsorbing heavy metal cadmium and application thereof |
| CN102660485B (en) * | 2012-05-18 | 2013-05-29 | 南京农业大学 | Strain of copper-resistant bacteria and application thereof |
| CN103143561B (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2015-09-02 | 广东大众农业科技股份有限公司 | A kind of low cost removes the method for heavy metal pollution of soil |
| CN103952333B (en) * | 2014-03-19 | 2016-02-24 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of method of cadmium patience bacterium and suppression rice absorbing heavy metal cadmium thereof |
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