Background technology
Hole stone, formal name used at school is called Tufa, English name: be (Travertine) a kind of rock of porous, so people are also its hole stone conventionally.Hole stone belongs to nonmarine deposit rock, and it is a kind of settling of calcium carbonate.Hole stone is formed at rich Wingdale landform calciferous mostly, by calcium calcium carbonate soluble in water and other mineral deposition in riverbed, the ground such as lakebed and forming.Owing to there is sometimes hole in the process heavily piling up, the main component due to himself is again calcium carbonate simultaneously, self is just easy to be corroded by water dissolution, so there will be many natural random holes in these storess.Natural cavity stone clean mark, gentle abundant texture, be derived from naturally, but surmounts natural.Finished product out, reasonable organization, concavo-convex harmony, just from earth, come back to life seemingly, in the texture of lines tendency, texture, deeply hiding the vestige of prehistoric civilization, but its total figure modelling can describe with " modern trend " again, show a kind of large divisional design demeanour especially, rank and honour, elegance, top product speciality are showed incisively and vividly, because be deeply subject to doting on of numerous architects.
Then, natural cavity stone exploitation, transportation are all not easy, and exploitation can cause environmental pollution, and overexploitation is also a kind of waste of resource.Especially, natural cavity stone is rough hole because surface has, and easily shelters evil people and countenance evil practices, and is unfavorable for cleaning, and intensity is lower, can not be used as floor tile and use, and generally can only decorate as wall brick.In view of this, a variety of artificial hole stone ceramic tiles have been developed in the industry at present, number of patent application is the Chinese patent of CN200620154970.8, announced a kind of solid apertured ornamental porcelain brick, it is tabular, comprise idiosome layer, be formed on a surperficial upper layer on idiosome layer, ceramic brick surface layer is provided with hole and/or dehiscence furrow.The existence of hole and dehiscence furrow can absorb water anti-skidding, at plum rain season, can play good anti-skidding effect, at southern wide geographic area, has good application prospect.Number of patent application is the Chinese patent of CN200720150506.6, announced a kind of solid apertured ornamental porcelain brick, the theme of the technical scheme that the Chinese patent that is CN200620154970.8 with number of patent application provides is consistent, also be to be provided with hole and/or dehiscence furrow at ceramic brick surface layer, difference is, the latter has two layer components and the former has three layer components.Number of patent application is that CN200910003066.5 is by utilizing the good feature of clear frit light transmission, applied in the raw material preparation of hole stone porcelain brick, form and visually to have hole and in fact imperforate ceramic tile (forming visually has hole and in fact imperforate part is exactly translucent grain, and visually has hole and the existence of in fact imperforate part).Etc..
But the ceramic tile that above-mentioned disclosed patented technology is produced, cavity is exposed, antifouling bad (CN200620154970.8 and CN200620154970.8), although there is no hole on surface, solved antifouling problem, but owing to being the hole effect of utilizing clear frit to produce, therefore hole outward appearance plane too, stiff, lacked the original natural aesthetic feeling of hole stone, more because clear frit is different from the material of ceramic tile fabric, the surface that causes the three-dimensional cavitation hole stone ceramic tile preparation method of part is wear resistance everywhere, dry moist and cold and hot property is unequal, greatly affected the work-ing life of ceramic tile.
In sum, although go up market at present, there are above-mentioned two kinds of ceramic tiles selling, in actual use, still have the place of above-mentioned many deficiencies, greatly affect promoting the use of of part three-dimensional cavitation hole stone ceramic tile preparation method.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention proposes the three-dimensional cavitation hole stone ceramic tile preparation method of a kind of part, comprises and prepares pore-forming material; Prepare fabric; Prepare bed material; Prepare glaze; Cloth; Dry; Glazing and forming by a firing; The described pore-forming material of preparing, according to the per-cent of quality, respectively get ball clay 5~10%, low temperature frit powder 10~20%, Graphite Powder 99 10~20%,, sodium carbonate 10~15%, Paris white 20~30%, polishing slag 5~10%.Pass through attrition process and be spray dried to powder; The described fabric of preparing, described pore-forming material according to 15~25% ratio, adds conventional fabric the inside as foam material.
Further, the described glaze of preparing, according to the per-cent of quality, respectively get quartz 5~8%, albite 10~20%, potassium felspar sand 10~35%, calcite 8~25%, kaolin 8~10%, burn talcum 5~8%, clear frit 5~10%, aluminum oxide 3~5%, fortifying fibre 10~20%, methyl 0.2%, trimerization 0.2%, water 50%, quick ball milling 12min, excessively 250 mesh sieves for glaze.
Further, described cloth, the per-cent turning according to monoblock carries out double-layer cloth, and fabric accounts for 40%, bed material accounts for 60%.First cloth fabric is cloth bed material again.
Further, described dry, under the condition of 200 ℃, dry 5~10min, in last base substrate, water ratio is lower than 0.2%.
Further, described glazing, is cooled to 60 ℃ of left and right after going out dry kiln, then carries out glazing.
Further, described glazing, replaces marzacotto to be applied to described ceramic tile surface clear frit.
Further, described in form by a firing, send into roller kiln and fire 60min at 1100~1250 ℃.。
The three-dimensional cavitation hole stone ceramic tile preparation method of part that the embodiment of the present invention provides, prepared artificial hole stone ceramic tile, solved too plane, stiff, unnatural of current artificial non-hole cave stove ceramic tile hole, and ceramic tile surface wear resistance, the dry uneven problem of moist and cold and hot property everywhere, greatly improved the work-ing life of non-hole cave stove ceramic tile, and because ceramic tile surface has certain hole or gully, can absorb water anti-skidding, at plum rain season, can play good anti-skidding effect, at southern wide geographic area, have good application prospect.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, example of the present invention is shown in the drawings, although describe the present invention in connection with these embodiment, should be appreciated that it does not really want to limit the invention to these embodiment.On the contrary, this invention is intended to cover replacement, modification and the equivalents can be included in the spirit and scope that claims limit.In addition, in to the following detailed description of the embodiment of the present invention, a lot of details have been proposed so that the present invention is thoroughly understood.Yet, persons of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that and not have these details also can implement the present invention.In other example, for fuzzy aspect of the present invention unnecessarily, do not describe known method, process, parts in detail.
The some parts of below describing in detail is according to module, parts, structure etc. and to representing to propose with other symbol in Structure Design Software.These descriptions and expression be that technician that pottery is manufactured uses, for the essence of its work being conveyed to most effectively to other technician's of this field means.Verified, be mainly the reason for public use, it is easily sometimes that these structures or component are called to layer, piece, element, area, density etc.
Yet, should keep firmly in mind, all these should be associated with suitable physical quantity with similar term and be only the marks that facilitates that is applicable to this tittle.Unless specialized, otherwise as described below, institute is apparent, should understand in whole the present invention, term used is discussed, as " association " or " process " or " stack " or " needs " or " determining " or " repetition " or " execution " or " detection " or " guiding " etc., refer to action and the process of ceramic structure or ceramic manufacturing equipment.
Fig. 1 has shown stone ceramic tile preparation method longitudinal cross-section, the three-dimensional cavitation hole of the part structure iron of a kind of embodiment.
In Fig. 1, show stone ceramic tile 100 longitudinal cross-sections, three-dimensional cavitation hole, comprise from bottom to up initial bed 110, precoat 120 and photic zone 130, described artificial hole stone ceramic tile 100 inside, include cavity body 140, described cavity body comprises the shapes such as hole, gully, bubble, inner hollow, form cavity, size, shape, deep mixed cavity, be randomly dispersed under described photic zone 130 upper surfaces with described initial bed 110 lower surfaces in formed region.Described photic zone 130 is marzacotto formation, and upper surface is smooth plane layer, the component of described marzacotto can adopt the marzacotto formula of existing maturation, or described photic zone 130 is clear frit formation, and upper surface is smooth plane layer, the component of described clear frit can adopt the clear frit formula of existing maturation.
Preferably, described cavity body is between described precoat 120 and described glaze layer 130, and cavity body penetrates the contact surface of described precoat 120 and described glaze layer 130, this cavity body is due to close glaze layer 130, and be only formed on the degree of depth that is no more than precoat 120, from glaze layer 130, look down, this cavity physical efficiency presents more shallow visual effect.
Preferably, described cavity body is between described initial bed 110 and described precoat 120, and described cavity body penetrates the contact surface of described initial bed 110 and described precoat 120, this cavity body is due to close initial bed 110, when precoat is light translucent material, from glaze layer 130, look down, this cavity physical efficiency presents the visual effect of middle deep.
Preferably, described cavity body be positioned under described glaze layer 130 upper surfaces with described initial bed 110 lower surfaces on formed region, penetrate described precoat 120 and the contact surface of described glaze layer 130 and the contact surface of described initial bed 110 and described precoat 120 simultaneously, from glaze layer 130, look down, this cavity physical efficiency presents very dark visual effect.
The three-dimensional cavitation of part illustrated in fig. 1 hole stone ceramic tile preparation method production process comprises: preparation, cloth are dry-pressing formed, dry, glazing, fire.Main points are, in powder, add one or more compound foam materials, such as Graphite Powder 99, carbon dust, carbonate (as Wingdale), vitriol (as gypsum), carbohydrate (as flour) and low temperature glass, polishing slag, pneumatogen (as lower boiling aliphatic hydrocarbon, alcohol, ether, halohydrocarbon etc.), chemical foaming agent are (as Cellmic C 121, azo two carbonic acid diisopropyl esters, dinitrosopentamethlyene tetramine etc.) etc.The broken glaze of pore punching that the process fired produces, forms cavity body 140 130 times at glaze layer, and ceramic tile has been had under glaze hole, and size, shape, deep mixed, and random natural visual effect distributes.
Specifically be implemented as follows:
1) prepare pore-forming material: according to the per-cent of quality, respectively get ball clay 5~10%, low temperature frit powder 10~20%, Graphite Powder 99 10~20%,, sodium carbonate 10~15%, Paris white 20~30%, polishing slag 5~10%.Pass through attrition process and be spray dried to powder.
2) prepare fabric: described pore-forming material according to 10~20% ratio, adds conventional fabric the inside as the material of foaming.
3) prepare bed material: conventional bed material.
4) prepare glaze: according to the per-cent of quality, respectively get quartz 5~8%, albite 10~20%, potassium felspar sand 10~35%, calcite 8~25%, kaolin 8~10%, burn talcum 5~8%, clear frit 5~10%, aluminum oxide 3~5%, fortifying fibre 10~20%, methyl 0.2%, trimerization 0.2%, water 50%, quick ball milling 12min, excessively 250 mesh sieves for glaze.
5) cloth: the per-cent turning according to monoblock carries out double-layer cloth, fabric accounts for 40%, bed material accounts for 60%.First cloth fabric is cloth bed material again.
6) dry: under the condition of 200 ℃, dry 5~10min, in last base substrate, water ratio is lower than 0.2%.Be mainly the moisture of getting rid of in base substrate, this is a physical reaction.
7) glazing: drying temperature is 200 ℃, is cooled to 60 ℃ of left and right after going out dry kiln, then carrys out glazing through glazing line, finally enters kiln.
In another embodiment, described glazing also can adopt interpolation clear frit to realize similar effect, and the formula of clear frit, preparation and interpolation are prior art.
8) fire: 1100~1250 ℃ of roller kiln, fire 60min and obtain the ceramic tile of cavitation under glaze.After glazing, the temperature of adobe is 40 ℃ of left and right, so preheating zone will be in 35m left and right.
Fig. 2 has shown stone ceramic tile preparation method longitudinal cross-section, the three-dimensional cavitation hole of the part structure iron of another embodiment.
In Fig. 2, show stone ceramic tile preparation method 100 longitudinal cross-sections, the three-dimensional cavitation hole of part, comprise from bottom to up initial bed 110, precoat 120 and glaze layer 130, described glaze layer 130 is marzacotto formation, and upper surface is smooth plane layer, and the component of described transparent oil plant can adopt the clean oil material formula of existing maturation.The component of described transparent oil plant can adopt the clean oil material formula of existing maturation, or described photic zone 130 is that clear frit forms, and upper surface is smooth plane layer, and the component of described clear frit can adopt the clear frit formula of existing maturation.
Described artificial hole stone ceramic tile 100 inside, include cavity body 140 and cavity body 141, described cavity body 140 and cavity body 141 comprise hole, gully, the shapes such as bubble, inner hollow, formation cavity, size, shape, deep mixed cavity, the difference of cavity body 140 and cavity body 141 is, cavity body 140 be randomly dispersed under described glaze layer 130 upper surfaces with described initial bed 110 lower surfaces in formed region, and cavity body 141 is broken through glaze layer 130 upper surfaces, make cavity body 141 have at least part outside exposed, and with the outside UNICOM of ceramic tile.
Preferably, described cavity body 140 and/or cavity body 141 are between described precoat 120 and described glaze layer 130, and described cavity body 140 and/or cavity body 141 penetrate the contact surface of described precoat 120 and described glaze layer 130, described cavity body 140 and/or cavity body 141 are due to close glaze layer 130, and be only formed on the degree of depth that is no more than precoat 120, from glaze layer 130, look down, this cavity physical efficiency presents more shallow visual effect.
Preferably, described cavity body 140 and/or cavity body 141 be positioned under described glaze layer 130 upper surfaces with described initial bed 110 lower surfaces on formed region, penetrate described precoat 120 and the contact surface of described glaze layer 130 and the contact surface of described initial bed 110 and described precoat 120 simultaneously, from glaze layer 130, look down, described in this, cavity body 140 and/or cavity body 141 can present very dark visual effect.
The three-dimensional cavitation of part illustrated in fig. 2 hole stone ceramic tile preparation method production process comprises
Preparation, cloth are dry-pressing formed, dry, in glazing, sintering procedure.In powder, add one or more compound foam materials, such as Graphite Powder 99, carbon dust, carbonate (as Wingdale), vitriol (as gypsum), carbohydrate (as flour) and low temperature glass, polishing slag, pneumatogen (as lower boiling aliphatic hydrocarbon, alcohol, ether, halohydrocarbon etc.), chemical foaming agent are (as Cellmic C 121, azo two carbonic acid diisopropyl esters, dinitrosopentamethlyene tetramine etc.) etc.The bubble that the process fired produces partly breaks through glaze and produces the hole of glaze, part bubble remains under glaze, make hole be embedded in (hole major part is embedded in fabric) between glaze and fabric, so just formed the ceramic tile of glazed layer bottom minute cavitation.When watching by glaze, will produce a kind of stereoscopic sensation.
Specifically be implemented as follows:
1) prepare pore-forming material: according to the per-cent of quality, respectively get ball clay 5~10%, low temperature frit powder 10~20%, Graphite Powder 99 15~20%,, sodium carbonate 10~15%, Paris white 30~40%, polishing slag 10~20%.Pass through attrition process and be spray dried to powder.
2) prepare fabric: described pore-forming material according to 15~25% ratio, adds conventional fabric the inside as foam material.
3) prepare bed material: conventional bed material.
4) prepare glaze: according to the per-cent of quality, respectively get quartz 5~8%, albite 10~20%, potassium felspar sand 10~35%, calcite 8~25%, kaolin 8~10%, burn talcum 5~8%, clear frit 5~10%, aluminum oxide 3~5%, fortifying fibre 10~20%, methyl 0.2%, trimerization 0.2%, water 50%, quick ball milling 12min, excessively 250 mesh sieves for glaze.(glaze also can substitute with clear frit entirely)
5) cloth: the per-cent turning according to monoblock carries out double-layer cloth, fabric accounts for 40%, bed material accounts for 60%.First cloth fabric is cloth bed material again.
6) dry: under the condition of 200 ℃, dry 5~10min, in last base substrate, water ratio is lower than 0.2%.Be mainly the moisture of getting rid of in base substrate, this is a physical reaction.
7) glazing: drying temperature is 200 ℃, is cooled to 60 ℃ of left and right after going out dry kiln, then carrys out glazing through glazing line, finally enters kiln.
In another embodiment, described glazing also can adopt interpolation clear frit to realize similar effect, and the formula of clear frit, preparation and interpolation are prior art.
8) fire: 1100~1250 ℃ of roller kiln, fire 60min and obtain the ceramic tile of glaze face portion cavitation.After glazing, the temperature of adobe is 40 ℃ of left and right, so preheating zone will be in 35m left and right.
Fig. 3 has shown the three-dimensional cavitation of part hole stone ceramic tile preparation method photic zone plane schematic top plan view.
In Fig. 3, show the three-dimensional cavitation hole stone ceramic tile preparation method of part and down overlook from photic zone upper surface, described cavity body 140 forms size, shape, deep mixed in photic zone area, and the hole visual effect of random NATURAL DISTRIBUTION.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications are also considered as protection scope of the present invention.