CH664003A5 - METHOD FOR AIR-CONDITIONING THE LOCATION AREA OF A HALL. - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A method of conditioning and renewing the room air in the occupied area of halls of heights greater than 5 m, conditioning air, on the one hand, and air whose temperature corresponds at least approximately to the temperature level in the hall (1), on the other hand, being injected into the hall (1) from at least approximately oppositely situated air outlets (3, 4) above the occupied area (1A) in two jets directed in opposition, characterised in that the speed of the room temperature air jet is so selected relatively to the speed of the conditioning air, which, if required, is heated to a higher temperature, that the room temperature air jet in the area of the air outlet (3) for the conditioning air still has a speed which corresponds at least approximately to the speed of entry of the conditioning air to the hall (1) and further the room temperature air jet is so directed and opened as to sweep the hall ceiling at least in the last part of its forward travel.

Description

DESCRIPTION The invention relates to a method for air conditioning the lounge area of a hall with a height greater than 5 m, a first air jet of processed primary air, guided and controlled by a secondary air jet, flowing through the lounge area of the hall.

From CH-PS 580 788 a method for ventilation of halls is known, in which fresh and / or processed circulating air is transported and distributed in the room or hall by ejector air flows, the volume of the fresh air flow being large compared to that of the ejector air flow .

The system necessary for the implementation of this known ventilation method, for which e.g. Ejector nozzles distributed over the hall space and the necessary network of supply lines are required is complex and requires installations distributed over the ceiling area.

The object of the invention is to provide a ventilation method for large halls with minimum heights of 5 m - such as Manufacturing, exhibition or sports halls - for the implementation of which only systems are required that require as few installations as possible in the ceiling area of the hall, so that e.g. the incidence of light through skylights or work processes - such as Crane journeys - if possible not be hindered.

This object is achieved with the present invention in that the temperature of the secondary air jet corresponds at least approximately to the temperature level in the hall, and further that the primary air jet and the secondary air jet are blown into the hall as oppositely directed jets from the at least approximately opposite air outlets and that, finally, at least during the transition from heating to cooling and vice versa, the pulse of the secondary air jet formed as a product of the volume flow and speed is changed stepwise or continuously; a device for carrying out the method is in turn characterized by two at least approximately opposite air outlets, which are arranged at least 0.7 times the height of the hall above the floor, one being connected to a source of processed primary air, while the other is connected to a compressed air source is acted upon, the air conveys at least approximately the same temperature as the hall air and, furthermore, its pressure potential can be adjusted.

In the new method, two opposing air flows are generated from opposite sides above the lounge area, which collide with one another and are partially deflected into the lounge area; Since the fixture elements are arranged on and in the side walls of the hall, their ceiling space remains free of installation components. A device can be used to ventilate and condition surfaces or zones of up to around 35 x 20 m2, so that halls with a longitudinal dimension not exceeding 35 m do not require any additional internals for ventilation. "Widths" larger than 20 m can be covered by stringing together several zones.

If the minimum distance between the hall walls is greater than 35 m, the new method can be carried out with the help of air outlets installed on intermediate fittings.

There are four cases for air conditioning the lounge area of a hall:

a) heating during the cold season; the necessary heat is supplied to the hall from the outside, advantageously by elevated temperatures of the primary air jet;

b) «Isothermal heating mode» during the transition period; the heat produced in the hall, for example from machines and equipment, is sufficient to heat the lounge area; the temperature of the primary air supplied is approximately equal to the hall air temperature.

c) «Isothermal cooling operation» during the transition period;

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the heat produced in the hall is greater than the heat requirement in the lounge area; however, actual cooling is not yet necessary. The temperature of the primary air supplied is also at least close to the hall air temperature.

d) cooling during the warm season; the excess heat must be dissipated, for which a low temperature of the primary air is advantageously used.

In order to use the hall heat as fully as possible for heating the lounge area and to keep losses - for example through the roof - low, the aim is to warm up the warm air as much as possible during the cases a) and b) described above by intensive mixing of the Use «ceiling» air with the rest of the hall air to heat the lounge area with the help of the secondary air jet. The aim is not to have a vertical temperature gradient over the entire height of the hall. For cases a) and b), it has therefore proven to be advantageous if the speed for the secondary air jet is selected for the heating operation in such a way that it is 1.2 to 1.8 times that in the area of the air outlet for the primary air Primary air speed is, and if the secondary air jet is directed and processed so that it covers the hall ceiling at least in the last part of its throw. As a result, the blown-in, possibly conditioned, primary air is deflected downward into the lounge area immediately after it enters. At the same time, the secondary air jet reaching up to the ceiling ensures intensive «mixing» of the warm ceiling air into the mixed air circulation generated for heating the lounge area.

When cooling, it is expedient if the warm ceiling air remains as undisturbed as possible above the air jets directed against each other; this can be achieved if - in cases c) and d) - the pulse of the secondary air jet for cooling operation is reduced so that a The two jets collide and mix in a predetermined area between the two air outlets, preferably in the middle, which maintains a stratification of the hall air and a temperature gradient in the vertical direction.

Although the air source for the secondary air jet can also be supplied with suitably prepared air from the outside atmosphere or other origin, it is easiest and most economical to use indoor air for the secondary air jet directly; it is therefore expedient if the source of the secondary air, which is at least similar in terms of temperature to the hall air, is in a fan which draws in and accelerates the hall air directly. In order to achieve a gradual or continuous change in the jet pulse or pulses of the secondary air, the fan can also be equipped with a variable-speed drive. Finally, especially in the transition period, a change between the described cases b) and c) can be initiated in a simple manner if the temperature of the primary air and / or the pulse of the secondary air jet is controlled by room thermostats located in the lounge area of the hall.

The invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment in conjunction with the drawing.

Fig. 1 is a floor plan of a hall divided into several zones, which is ventilated using the new method;

Fig. 2 shows the section II-II of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 shows schematically the air flows in the hall during heating operation (case a) and b));

Fig. 4 is a similar sketch in which the conditions for the cooling operation (case c) and d)) are shown;

5 is a diagram showing an example of the regulation of the indoor air temperature.

The floor plan of Hall I (Fig. 1) is divided into four equal zones 2, which have dimensions of 35 x 20 m. The height H (Fig. 2) of hall 1 is approximately 9 m. In the middle of each narrow side of the zone, air outlets 3 and 4 are provided opposite each other at a height of 6-6.5 m. A primary air jet is blown into each zone from the air outlet 3 by means of a fan 5 (FIG. 2). This air jet, which in the example shown is sucked in as fresh air from the outside atmosphere - possibly via filters, not shown - passes through a heat exchanger 6 in which it is heated or cooled before it exits into the interior of the hall. For this purpose, the heat exchanger 6 is connected to a supply line 8 provided with a flow control valve 7 and a return line 9, in which a shut-off device 12 is provided, to a network (not shown) for a heating or cooling medium - generally appropriately tempered in both cases Water connected.

The flow control valve 7 is adjusted by a controller 10, the input signal of which is supplied by a room thermostat 11, which is arranged separately in the living area 1A of the people in the hall 1 or in each zone 2.

The controller 10 outputs a second signal, which gradually leads to a speed controller 13 for the drive motor of a second fan, not shown, e.g. is adjustable in five stages, hall air is drawn in directly and blown out as a secondary air jet from the air outlet 4 against the primary air jet from the air outlet 3, as will be described later.

Excess and used exhaust air from the individual zones 2 is drawn off via exhaust air devices 15, while 16 in FIG. 1 denotes the roof structure of the hall 1, which is not shown, supports.

During heating operation, in which the lounge area must be supplied with heat (cases a) and b)),

the flow distribution shown in FIG. 3 results in the new method. The primary air jet from conditioned air, in this case at least warmed to the hall temperature, is only relatively short, since the control air jet formed from the hall air is blown against the primary air jet at such a speed that it has a higher speed in the area of the air outlet 3 for the primary air. for example 1.2 to 1.8 times the speed - than the primary air jet has. As a result, the two jets mix directly in the area of the primary air outlet 3; The supply air formed from primary and secondary air is mainly deflected downwards in accordance with the laws of beam spreading and flows directly through the area IA. Furthermore - especially if the secondary air jet reaches the ceiling of the hall in the last area of its throw - there is intensive mixing with the room air. In this way, the greatest possible compensation of the temperatures is achieved vertically and horizontally, which enables the warm air that normally collects in the ceiling area to be used for heating - and thus energy savings.

For cooling operation (case c) and d)), the pulse of the secondary air jet is reduced so far, for example by reducing the speed of the drive for the fan 14, and / or if necessary the pulse of the primary air jet

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increased accordingly - that the flow diagram sketched in FIG. 4 is produced. The speeds of the two beams are selected so that they meet at least approximately in the middle of Hall I or Zone 2. This creates two circulations in lounge area 1A, with which cooled primary air, mixed with secondary air from the secondary air jet, is transported through lounge 1A. The reduced widening of the secondary air jet also has the effect that the lounge area 1A is shielded from the warm air collecting on the ceiling, which is drawn off by the exhaust air device 15, without stressing the lounge area 1A. In contrast to heating operation, the new process creates a temperature stratification over the height.

In the diagram of FIG. 5, which is based on an assumed example, the room or hall air temperature t in degrees C is plotted horizontally as the abscissa, which is measured by the room thermostat 11 (FIG. 2). The curve curve shown in the lower third k shows the position of the valve 7 as a function of the temperature t when a cooling medium passes through the heat exchanger 6 for cooling the primary air, the lower level z for a closed valve and the level g for a fully open valve 7 applies.

In the same way, the upper third H of the diagram 5 embodies the position of the valve 7 in heating mode. The speeds for driving the fan 14, which are set at the different room temperatures, are plotted in the central area 1. M denotes the maximum speed and n the minimum speed.

At low room or hall air temperatures, where heating of the primary air is required, a setpoint temperature ti of 18 ° C is set on the room thermostat 11. To ensure this, the valve 7 on the heat exchanger 6, which is charged with a heating medium, is initially fully open. The fan 14 runs at maximum speed m, so that the flow pattern of FIG. 3 is given. In a range r between 17 ° and 19 ° C hall air temperature, the valve 7 is closed linearly proportional to the rising temperature. If the room air temperature continues to rise, the heat generated in Hall 1A is sufficient to cover the demand if the fan 14 continues to deliver its full output. In an interval s of 19 ° to 21 ° C., neither heating nor cooling media are therefore made available for the primary air at maximum speed of the fan 14. In this so-called “isothermal” range, which is assumed to be between approximately 19 ° and approximately 25 °, the temperature setpoint ti is fixed at 22 °.

If the hall temperature rises above 21 ° C, the heat generated in hall 1A is greater than the requirement without the primary air already having to be cooled. In a temperature interval and between 21 ° and 23 ° C, the speed of the fan 14 is therefore gradually reduced, which results in a gradual reduction in the throw of the secondary air jet and a corresponding increase in the primary air jet. In this way, more heat is successively removed from the stay area 1A during this temperature interval without the primary air being cooled.

If the lowest stage of the drive speed for the fan 14 is reached at about 22 ° C. indoor air temperature, the flow diagram outlined in FIG. 4 results, for example. The shielding of the warm air on the ceiling from lounge area 1A thus achieved allows a temperature interval v of up to about 25 ° C to be achieved without direct cooling of the primary air, especially as the indoor air temperature setpoint is known to be high for health reasons for the occupants at high outside temperatures must be increased and is set to t3 = 26 ° C, for example.

From a hall air temperature of 25 °, the primary air is cooled in the heat exchanger 6 before it is blown into the hall 1, the valve 7 in the supply line 8 for the coolant flow in the range w between 25 ° and 21 ° C being proportional to the rising temperatures is opened and is completely open at indoor air temperatures above 27 ° C.

If the heat supply is sufficient when valve 7 is fully open in heating mode - i.e. at hall temperatures below 16 ° C - and the heat is removed when valve 7 is fully open in cooling mode - i.e. at hall temperatures above 28 ° C - to cover the need for heat or «cold», it is possible to increase the temperature of the heating or cooling medium and / or its flow rates or speeds through the heat exchanger 6 increase.

Furthermore, a possibility can be provided, for example by increasing the jet impulses in the event of a sudden high proportion of pollutants, to provide rapid and thorough ventilation at least of the lounge area 1A, but the comfort conditions for people in the lounge area 1A are briefly abandoned.

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3 sheets of drawings

Claims (8)

664 003 PATENT CLAIMS 1.A method for air conditioning the lounge area of a hall with a height greater than 5 m, wherein a first air jet of processed primary air, guided and controlled by a secondary air jet, flows through the lounge area of the hall, characterized in that the temperature of the secondary air jet is at least approximately that The temperature level in the hall (1) corresponds to the fact that the primary air jet and the secondary air jet above the lounge area (1A) are blown into the hall (1) from at least approximately opposite air outlets (3, 4) as opposed jets, and that finally, at least during the transition from heating to cooling and vice versa, the product of volume flow and speed I pulse of the secondary air jet is changed gradually or continuously. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that for the heating operation, the speed for the secondary air jet is selected such that it is 1.2 to 1.8 times the primary air in the region of the air outlet (3) for the primary air -Speed, and that the secondary air jet is also directed and expanded in such a way that it covers the hall ceiling at least in the last part of its throw. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the pulse of the secondary air jet for cooling operation is reduced so that a collision and mixing of the two jets takes place in a predetermined area between the two air outlets (3, 4), preferably in the middle. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the hall air temperature is changed by changing the primary air temperature. 5. Device for carrying out the method according to claim 1, characterized by two at least approximately opposite air outlets (3,4) which are arranged at least 0.7 times the height of the hall above the floor, one with a source (5,6 ) is connected for processed primary air, while the other is acted upon by a compressed air source (14), the air conveys at least approximately the same temperature as the hall air and, furthermore, its pressure potential can be adjusted. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the compressed air source (14) for the air which is at least similar to the hall air in terms of temperature is in a fan which draws in and accelerates the hall air directly. 7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the fan is driven by a drive with variable speed. 8. Device according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the temperature of the processed primary air and / or the pulse of the secondary air jet is controlled by room thermostats (11) located in the lounge area (1A) of the hall (1).