CA2759718A1 - Multi-layer anti-graffiti coating and the method of making the same - Google Patents
Multi-layer anti-graffiti coating and the method of making the same Download PDFInfo
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- CA2759718A1 CA2759718A1 CA 2759718 CA2759718A CA2759718A1 CA 2759718 A1 CA2759718 A1 CA 2759718A1 CA 2759718 CA2759718 CA 2759718 CA 2759718 A CA2759718 A CA 2759718A CA 2759718 A1 CA2759718 A1 CA 2759718A1
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- Prior art keywords
- layer
- protective coating
- adhesive
- coatings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
- B05D5/08—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
- B05D7/52—Two layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
- B05D7/56—Three layers or more
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Multi-layer protective coatings and the process of producing such coatings are disclosed. These coatings are to protect surfaces from stains such as graffiti. Two layer sacrificial protective coating comprises inner adhesive layer and outer sacrificial layer. Three layer permanent protective coating comprises the first adhesive layer, the second connective layer and the third non-stick layer. The process of producing such multi-layer coatings is that applying the first layer on a substrate and drying it, followed by applying another layer, heating may be involved.
Description
Multi-layer Anti-graffiti Coating and the Method of Making the Same Field of the Invention The present invention relates to multi-layer coatings for protecting concrete, slate, wood, glass, brick, plastics, painted surfaces etc. from stains such as graffiti.
More particularly, the present invention relates to two kinds of protective coatings, one kind of sacrificial coating and one kind of non-sacrificial coating based on the former one, both of which are applied for anti-graffiti and preventing other stains. The process to apply such coatings to a surface is also included.
Background of the Invention Graffiti has been increasingly a public concern. It not only defaces the buildings, walls and public facilities, but also relates to collateral crimes. So it is meaningful to find some way to fight against graffiti. Another issue also exists: walls, floors and other surfaces of buildings, workshops etc. are apt to absorb various dirt and stains, there is a strong demand to protect these surfaces from contamination.
There are mainly two ways for such a purpose. The first one is cleaning up the graffiti or other stains on the surfaces, which often involves organic solvents or sandblasting.
This method has an evident advantage of being well targeted, while some drawbacks exist there:
most of the organic solvents are toxic and they will make harm to the people and the environment;
Organic solvents and sandblasting can injure or even destroy the original surfaces when clearing the graffiti or stains from them.
The other way against graffiti and other stains is applying protective coatings, including permanent coatings and sacrificial coatings.
The idea of permanent protective coatings is applying coatings to the protected target to form a non-stick layer with very low surface energy, preventing other substances such as graffiti paintings from forming a strong bond to it. So the graffiti and other stains can be removed relatively easily.
Following up the idea of forming a low surface energy, most of such protective coatings contain fluorine or silicon compounds. The patents regarding the fluorine compounds includes: US patent 7875672, US patent 7501472, US patent 7247671, US patent 4478975. According to above patents, the protective layer with low surface energy is formed by the reaction of reactive fluorinated molecules and other molecules such as isocyanate or crosslinking agent.
The patents relating silicon-based coatings includes: US patent 6153304, CA
patent 2518334, CA
patent 2103235, CA patent 2382041, CA patent 2005546, where the reactive silicon-containing molecules reacts with other molecules to form a low surface energy layer.
Other patents such as US patent 6288163, CA patent 2214336 utilize silicon caulking as one of the components, no further chemical reactions involved.
While the permanent protective coatings have some advantages, there exists an important disadvantage: fluorine-modified and silicon-modified chemicals are difficult to bond to other substances, it needs complex chemical reactions to make them bond to the substrates to form a protective layer. So some chemicals such as isocyanate are involved, which makes the application complicated and toxic.
The idea of sacrificial protective coatings is that forming a protective layer on a surface, this type of layer can be removed easily. While contaminated by stains such as graffiti, the protective layer will be removed in easy way such as using hot water and then the stains can be brought away without the injury to the underlying surface.
There have existed some kinds of sacrificial anti-graffiti coatings in the literature. One of them is wax-based coatings, which is disclosed by US patent 5387434, US patent 4349586, CA patent 2241275. The wax forms a protective layer which can be removed by hot water when contaminated by stains such as graffiti. US patent 5731057 disclosed a protective layer formed by natural latex, which can be removed by soap water.
More particularly, the present invention relates to two kinds of protective coatings, one kind of sacrificial coating and one kind of non-sacrificial coating based on the former one, both of which are applied for anti-graffiti and preventing other stains. The process to apply such coatings to a surface is also included.
Background of the Invention Graffiti has been increasingly a public concern. It not only defaces the buildings, walls and public facilities, but also relates to collateral crimes. So it is meaningful to find some way to fight against graffiti. Another issue also exists: walls, floors and other surfaces of buildings, workshops etc. are apt to absorb various dirt and stains, there is a strong demand to protect these surfaces from contamination.
There are mainly two ways for such a purpose. The first one is cleaning up the graffiti or other stains on the surfaces, which often involves organic solvents or sandblasting.
This method has an evident advantage of being well targeted, while some drawbacks exist there:
most of the organic solvents are toxic and they will make harm to the people and the environment;
Organic solvents and sandblasting can injure or even destroy the original surfaces when clearing the graffiti or stains from them.
The other way against graffiti and other stains is applying protective coatings, including permanent coatings and sacrificial coatings.
The idea of permanent protective coatings is applying coatings to the protected target to form a non-stick layer with very low surface energy, preventing other substances such as graffiti paintings from forming a strong bond to it. So the graffiti and other stains can be removed relatively easily.
Following up the idea of forming a low surface energy, most of such protective coatings contain fluorine or silicon compounds. The patents regarding the fluorine compounds includes: US patent 7875672, US patent 7501472, US patent 7247671, US patent 4478975. According to above patents, the protective layer with low surface energy is formed by the reaction of reactive fluorinated molecules and other molecules such as isocyanate or crosslinking agent.
The patents relating silicon-based coatings includes: US patent 6153304, CA
patent 2518334, CA
patent 2103235, CA patent 2382041, CA patent 2005546, where the reactive silicon-containing molecules reacts with other molecules to form a low surface energy layer.
Other patents such as US patent 6288163, CA patent 2214336 utilize silicon caulking as one of the components, no further chemical reactions involved.
While the permanent protective coatings have some advantages, there exists an important disadvantage: fluorine-modified and silicon-modified chemicals are difficult to bond to other substances, it needs complex chemical reactions to make them bond to the substrates to form a protective layer. So some chemicals such as isocyanate are involved, which makes the application complicated and toxic.
The idea of sacrificial protective coatings is that forming a protective layer on a surface, this type of layer can be removed easily. While contaminated by stains such as graffiti, the protective layer will be removed in easy way such as using hot water and then the stains can be brought away without the injury to the underlying surface.
There have existed some kinds of sacrificial anti-graffiti coatings in the literature. One of them is wax-based coatings, which is disclosed by US patent 5387434, US patent 4349586, CA patent 2241275. The wax forms a protective layer which can be removed by hot water when contaminated by stains such as graffiti. US patent 5731057 disclosed a protective layer formed by natural latex, which can be removed by soap water.
Another type of sacrificial protective coating is based on water soluble polymers, including natural polymers such as polysaccharide described by US patent 5093485 and CA patent 1318988, proteinaceous coatings described by CA patent 2378641, artificial polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) described by US patent 5631042, US patent 4169088, CA patent 2696161. To avoid the dissolution in rain water when being used outdoor, the water-soluble polymers should be crosslinked as described by CA patent 2378641, US patent 4169088, or select a certain type of PVA
which can only be dissolved in hot water while not in cold water, as described in US patent 5631042, CA patent 2696161.
By far, the sacrificial protective coatings have some technical difficulties, one of which is adhesion strength to the matrix. Sacrificial coatings are originally not commonly used paintings or adhesives for the very reason to be removed easily from the matrix, so the bond between the protective layer and the underlying surface is very weak. As a result, the protective layer will peel and come off from the matrix easily, which largely shortens the life of the protective layer. Some literatures described methods of blending such protective coatings with adhesive chemicals such as acrylic resins as in US patent 4169088 and CA patent 2241275, urethane as in US patent 5631042, but it has insufficient effect because the main component of the coating is non-adhesive sacrificial substance. Moreover some new drawbacks appear, for example, the difficulty of removing the layer from the matrix dramatically increases with the increasing proportion of adhesive components due to the insolubility of them in hot water.
By summary, as to the permanent protective coatings, due to the weak adhesion strength of the fluorine-containing or silicon-containing non-stick layer to substrates, some reactive chemicals such as isocyanate is used, which largely increases the cost and toxicity of the coating. As to the sacrificial protective coatings, there is a conflict between the removability of the sacrificial protective layer and its adhesion strength to the substrates.
Description of the Invention As mentioned above, the adhesion of the protective coatings including permanent coatings and sacrificial coatings to the protected surface is a big issue by far. The aim of this invention is to provide a method to solve the existing problem, namely the conflict between its removability and adhesion to substrates as to sacrificial protective coatings, easy adhesion to substrates with low cost and low toxicity as to permanent protective coatings. Two types of protective coatings are involved in this invention: two layer sacrificial protective coating and three layer permanent protective coating.
1. Two layer sacrificial protective coating The main idea of two layer protective coating of this invention is described as following: Apply two layer coatings to a substrate to be protected. The inner layer functions as adhesive between the matrix and the outer layer. The outer layer works as the sacrificial layer which will be removed easily bringing away contaminants while the inner layer is left. After removal, the new outer layer can be applied again, and the remained inner layer bonds the outer layer to the matrix once more.
By comparison to existing literature, this invent possesses evident advantages: The outer layer is formed by common used sacrificial coatings such as wax, natural latex, PVA, polysaccharide etc., so it is easy to remove them for example just using hot water. Meantime the inner layer is organic adhesive with non-solubility in hot water, which will be left intact during the removal of the outer layer. The inner layer brings a strong bond between the outer layer and the matrix, solving the adhesion problem of current sacrificial coatings to the matrix, then dramatically increases the quality and life time of such protective coatings.
The following is the detailed description of application of such two layer sacrificial protective coating.
The inner layer works as adhesive. There are several types of materials can be used as the inner layer. The first example is pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) such as acrylic copolymers etc.. There are many ways to form the adhesive inner layer on a matrix, for example applying aqueous emulsion of PSA on the matrix by brushing, rolling, spraying etc., it will form a thin layer of PSA on the matrix after drying. Another way is applying organic solution of PSA on the matrix by brushing, rolling, spraying etc., it also can form a thin layer of PSA on the matrix after drying. Still another way is using transferable pressure sensitive adhesive tape which consists of release paper and dry PSA on it. Before applying the inner layer coating, the protected surface should be cleaned and alternatively treated by prime coatings or other methods to make it smooth and increase its surface energy for strong bond of the coating on it. The drying process may be natural air-dry or drying with heat.
The outer layer coatings can be applied directly on the PSA inner layer, the dried outer layer will be bond to the inner layer afterwards. The drying process may be natural air-dry or drying with heat.
In the case of PSA emulsion, the solid content can be 10% to 90%, preferably 30% to 70%, more preferably around 50%. In the case of PSA organic solution, the solid content can be 1% to 50%, preferably 3% to 20%, more preferably 5% to 10%.
Another type of inner adhesive layer is hot melt adhesive (HMA) such as vinyl acetate - ethylene copolymer (VAE), ethylene-vinyl acetate-acrylic acid copolymer (EAA) etc. and the compositions containing such polymers. HMA can be in the form of water based emulsion or organic solution or other forms. As an example, applying VAE emulsion on the substrate by brushing, rolling, spraying and so on, it will form a thin layer of VAE on the matrix after drying. The drying process may be natural air-dry or drying with heat. Another way is applying organic solution of VAE on the matrix by brushing, rolling, spraying etc., it also can form a thin layer of VAE on the matrix after drying. In the case of VAE emulsion, the solid content can be 10% to 90%, preferably 30%
to 70%, %, more preferably around 50%. In the case of PSA organic solution, the solid content can be 1% to 50%, preferably 3% to 20%, more preferably 5% to 10%. The outer layer coatings can be applied directly on the VAE inner layer, a dried outer layer will be formed after drying. Then heat up the multi-layer coating by hot air blowing on it or hot solid touching it. Then the HMA
layer will get molten, a strong bond between the two layers will be made after cooling.
The outer sacrificial layer can be selected from wax, PVA, natural latex etc..
For example, apply PVA aqueous solution on inner layer, which will form a dry PVA sacrificial layer after drying. The principle of selection of PVA is that such type of PVA can be dissolved in hot water while not in cold water. Scientifically speaking, the hydrolysis degree should be about 95% to 99%, preferably around 99%. In case of indoor use, the requirements on parameters of PVA
molecular structure should be lowered, since solubility in cold water is not a big problem without consideration of rain for indoor use. The concentration of the PVA solution can be 0.1% to 20%
depending on the molecular weight, the principle of choosing the concentration of the PVA
solution is to form an easy flowing solution and to generate a smooth coating layer on the substrates.
Applying natural latex or wax emulsion on the inner layer also form a dry layer upon drying, it works as the sacrificial protective layer.
To increase the durability of the protective layers, various reagents can be added to the coatings, preferably to the outer layer, such as UV blockers, antioxidants etc.. To achieve smoother layer, some reagents such as flatting agents etc. can be added to the coatings.
For the purpose of making the layer into certain color, dyes or pigments may be added in the emulsions or solutions of such protective coatings before applying.
2. Three layer permanent protective coating This invention also discloses a three layer permanent protective coating based on the idea of two layer protective coating, which is described as following: Apply first adhesive layer on the substrate, coat the second connective layer on the dried adhesive layer, the selection of the connective layer is based on the following principle: This chemical substance contains reactive groups such as ¨OH, -NH, -COOH etc., consequently it can react with the coming third layer due to these reactive groups. For example use PSA as the first layer, PVA as the second layer. After that, apply reactive silicon-containing or fluorine-containing compounds on the second layer to form the third non-stick layer with low surface energy performing as permanent protective layer. The third layer coating may contain suitable crosslinking agent and other processing agents and anti-aging agents. For example, apply blends of reactive silane or siloxanes on the dried second PVA layer to form the third layer. The blends of silane or siloxane will form a layer with very low surface energy which can work as a permanent protective coating. In this example, PVA can make strong bond to silane or siloxane layer due to chemical reactions, namely, the hydroxyl group of PVA can form chemical bonds with reactive silane or siloxane molecules. The reactive silane or siloxanes may be blends of silane or siloxane with ¨OH end group, silane or siloxane with Si-H
group and organic Pt catalyst, or other reactive silanes and siloxanes. They may be in the form of organic solutions or water-based emulsions. To accelerate the reaction of silane or siloxanes, heat may be adapted.
which can only be dissolved in hot water while not in cold water, as described in US patent 5631042, CA patent 2696161.
By far, the sacrificial protective coatings have some technical difficulties, one of which is adhesion strength to the matrix. Sacrificial coatings are originally not commonly used paintings or adhesives for the very reason to be removed easily from the matrix, so the bond between the protective layer and the underlying surface is very weak. As a result, the protective layer will peel and come off from the matrix easily, which largely shortens the life of the protective layer. Some literatures described methods of blending such protective coatings with adhesive chemicals such as acrylic resins as in US patent 4169088 and CA patent 2241275, urethane as in US patent 5631042, but it has insufficient effect because the main component of the coating is non-adhesive sacrificial substance. Moreover some new drawbacks appear, for example, the difficulty of removing the layer from the matrix dramatically increases with the increasing proportion of adhesive components due to the insolubility of them in hot water.
By summary, as to the permanent protective coatings, due to the weak adhesion strength of the fluorine-containing or silicon-containing non-stick layer to substrates, some reactive chemicals such as isocyanate is used, which largely increases the cost and toxicity of the coating. As to the sacrificial protective coatings, there is a conflict between the removability of the sacrificial protective layer and its adhesion strength to the substrates.
Description of the Invention As mentioned above, the adhesion of the protective coatings including permanent coatings and sacrificial coatings to the protected surface is a big issue by far. The aim of this invention is to provide a method to solve the existing problem, namely the conflict between its removability and adhesion to substrates as to sacrificial protective coatings, easy adhesion to substrates with low cost and low toxicity as to permanent protective coatings. Two types of protective coatings are involved in this invention: two layer sacrificial protective coating and three layer permanent protective coating.
1. Two layer sacrificial protective coating The main idea of two layer protective coating of this invention is described as following: Apply two layer coatings to a substrate to be protected. The inner layer functions as adhesive between the matrix and the outer layer. The outer layer works as the sacrificial layer which will be removed easily bringing away contaminants while the inner layer is left. After removal, the new outer layer can be applied again, and the remained inner layer bonds the outer layer to the matrix once more.
By comparison to existing literature, this invent possesses evident advantages: The outer layer is formed by common used sacrificial coatings such as wax, natural latex, PVA, polysaccharide etc., so it is easy to remove them for example just using hot water. Meantime the inner layer is organic adhesive with non-solubility in hot water, which will be left intact during the removal of the outer layer. The inner layer brings a strong bond between the outer layer and the matrix, solving the adhesion problem of current sacrificial coatings to the matrix, then dramatically increases the quality and life time of such protective coatings.
The following is the detailed description of application of such two layer sacrificial protective coating.
The inner layer works as adhesive. There are several types of materials can be used as the inner layer. The first example is pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) such as acrylic copolymers etc.. There are many ways to form the adhesive inner layer on a matrix, for example applying aqueous emulsion of PSA on the matrix by brushing, rolling, spraying etc., it will form a thin layer of PSA on the matrix after drying. Another way is applying organic solution of PSA on the matrix by brushing, rolling, spraying etc., it also can form a thin layer of PSA on the matrix after drying. Still another way is using transferable pressure sensitive adhesive tape which consists of release paper and dry PSA on it. Before applying the inner layer coating, the protected surface should be cleaned and alternatively treated by prime coatings or other methods to make it smooth and increase its surface energy for strong bond of the coating on it. The drying process may be natural air-dry or drying with heat.
The outer layer coatings can be applied directly on the PSA inner layer, the dried outer layer will be bond to the inner layer afterwards. The drying process may be natural air-dry or drying with heat.
In the case of PSA emulsion, the solid content can be 10% to 90%, preferably 30% to 70%, more preferably around 50%. In the case of PSA organic solution, the solid content can be 1% to 50%, preferably 3% to 20%, more preferably 5% to 10%.
Another type of inner adhesive layer is hot melt adhesive (HMA) such as vinyl acetate - ethylene copolymer (VAE), ethylene-vinyl acetate-acrylic acid copolymer (EAA) etc. and the compositions containing such polymers. HMA can be in the form of water based emulsion or organic solution or other forms. As an example, applying VAE emulsion on the substrate by brushing, rolling, spraying and so on, it will form a thin layer of VAE on the matrix after drying. The drying process may be natural air-dry or drying with heat. Another way is applying organic solution of VAE on the matrix by brushing, rolling, spraying etc., it also can form a thin layer of VAE on the matrix after drying. In the case of VAE emulsion, the solid content can be 10% to 90%, preferably 30%
to 70%, %, more preferably around 50%. In the case of PSA organic solution, the solid content can be 1% to 50%, preferably 3% to 20%, more preferably 5% to 10%. The outer layer coatings can be applied directly on the VAE inner layer, a dried outer layer will be formed after drying. Then heat up the multi-layer coating by hot air blowing on it or hot solid touching it. Then the HMA
layer will get molten, a strong bond between the two layers will be made after cooling.
The outer sacrificial layer can be selected from wax, PVA, natural latex etc..
For example, apply PVA aqueous solution on inner layer, which will form a dry PVA sacrificial layer after drying. The principle of selection of PVA is that such type of PVA can be dissolved in hot water while not in cold water. Scientifically speaking, the hydrolysis degree should be about 95% to 99%, preferably around 99%. In case of indoor use, the requirements on parameters of PVA
molecular structure should be lowered, since solubility in cold water is not a big problem without consideration of rain for indoor use. The concentration of the PVA solution can be 0.1% to 20%
depending on the molecular weight, the principle of choosing the concentration of the PVA
solution is to form an easy flowing solution and to generate a smooth coating layer on the substrates.
Applying natural latex or wax emulsion on the inner layer also form a dry layer upon drying, it works as the sacrificial protective layer.
To increase the durability of the protective layers, various reagents can be added to the coatings, preferably to the outer layer, such as UV blockers, antioxidants etc.. To achieve smoother layer, some reagents such as flatting agents etc. can be added to the coatings.
For the purpose of making the layer into certain color, dyes or pigments may be added in the emulsions or solutions of such protective coatings before applying.
2. Three layer permanent protective coating This invention also discloses a three layer permanent protective coating based on the idea of two layer protective coating, which is described as following: Apply first adhesive layer on the substrate, coat the second connective layer on the dried adhesive layer, the selection of the connective layer is based on the following principle: This chemical substance contains reactive groups such as ¨OH, -NH, -COOH etc., consequently it can react with the coming third layer due to these reactive groups. For example use PSA as the first layer, PVA as the second layer. After that, apply reactive silicon-containing or fluorine-containing compounds on the second layer to form the third non-stick layer with low surface energy performing as permanent protective layer. The third layer coating may contain suitable crosslinking agent and other processing agents and anti-aging agents. For example, apply blends of reactive silane or siloxanes on the dried second PVA layer to form the third layer. The blends of silane or siloxane will form a layer with very low surface energy which can work as a permanent protective coating. In this example, PVA can make strong bond to silane or siloxane layer due to chemical reactions, namely, the hydroxyl group of PVA can form chemical bonds with reactive silane or siloxane molecules. The reactive silane or siloxanes may be blends of silane or siloxane with ¨OH end group, silane or siloxane with Si-H
group and organic Pt catalyst, or other reactive silanes and siloxanes. They may be in the form of organic solutions or water-based emulsions. To accelerate the reaction of silane or siloxanes, heat may be adapted.
For more particular example, prepare the blend of siloxane with ¨OH end group, siloxane with Si-H
group and organic Pt catalyst in form of organic solution or water-based emulsion. Apply such blends to the two layer coating in which PSA is the first layer and PVA is the second layer, after drying, heat the third layer to about 150 C, forming the third non-stick layer with very low surface energy, which can serve as a permanent protective layer. The blending ratio of siloxane with ¨OH
end group, siloxane with Si-H group and organic Pt catalyst varies to form layers with different surface energy, which is a proven rule that can be found in the literature. In this particular example, the ¨OH group of PVA reacts with Si-H group of siloxane, consequently bond the siloxane layer and the PVA layer together. Similarly, reactive fluorine-containing compounds can be used in place of reactive silicon-containing compounds. The core idea of this example is that the PVA
offers ¨OH group serving as a promoter of the adhesion between the third layer and the connective layer.
To increase the durability of the protective layers, various reagents can be added to the coatings, preferably to the third non-stick layer, such as UV blockers, antioxidants etc.. To achieve smoother layer, some reagents such as flatting agents etc. can be added to the coatings.
For the purpose of making the layer into certain color, dyes or pigments may be added in the emulsions or solutions of such protective coatings before applying.
One of the advantages of this three layer protective coating of this invention is that the reactive silicon-containing or fluorine-containing coatings bond to the connective layer much more easily and strongly than to the original protected surface, so there is no need for other reactive chemicals such as isocyanate to be involved, consequently reduced the cost and harmfulness, since chemicals such as isocyanate is toxic while PSA emulsion and PVA solution used in this invention are cheaper and non-toxic.
Preferred Embodiments of the Invention Here are some examples of the embodiment of this invention.
Example 1 One type of two layer protective coating is described as following: Apply acrylate copolymer emulsion on a slate wall surface with brush. The solid content of this emulsion is 55%. Dry it by hot air to form a layer of press sensitive adhesive (PSA) with thickness about 1 mil. Apply 5% PVA
aqueous solution on the first layer. PVA molecular weight is approximately 80,000, hydrolysis degree is about 99%. After air-drying, the two layer sacrificial protective coating is formed with the outer PVA layer about 1 mil. When the surface is contaminated by graffiti or other stains, use boiling water or steam under certain pressure to dissolve the outer layer PVA, the contaminants will be removed with PVA. After the PSA surface get dried, apply new PVA
solution on it to form new outer sacrificial protective layer.
Example 2 One type of three layer protective coating is described as following: Apply the aqueous emulsion of the composition of ethylene-vinyl acetate-acrylic acid copolymer (EM) and modified rosin on a painted wood surface. The solid content of this emulsion is 60%. Dry it under ambient conditions to form the first layer of hot melt adhesive (HMA) with thickness about 1 mil.
Apply 3% PVA
aqueous solution on the first layer. PVA molecular weight is approximately 50,000, hydrolysis degree is about 98%. PVA layer with the thickness of about 0.5 mil is formed after hot air-drying above 100 C and the PVA layer is bond to the HMA layer by heat. Prepare the following siloxane blend: 70% by volume of the emulsion of siloxane with ¨OH end group with solid content about 15%, 20% by volume of siloxane with Si-H group with solid content about 15%, 10% by volume of the emulsion of organic Pt catalyst with Pt content about 1%. Apply the siloxane blend to the dried PVA layer by rolling, followed by a hot air drying around 150 C for several minutes, forming a polysiloxane layer as the non-stick permanent protective layer.
group and organic Pt catalyst in form of organic solution or water-based emulsion. Apply such blends to the two layer coating in which PSA is the first layer and PVA is the second layer, after drying, heat the third layer to about 150 C, forming the third non-stick layer with very low surface energy, which can serve as a permanent protective layer. The blending ratio of siloxane with ¨OH
end group, siloxane with Si-H group and organic Pt catalyst varies to form layers with different surface energy, which is a proven rule that can be found in the literature. In this particular example, the ¨OH group of PVA reacts with Si-H group of siloxane, consequently bond the siloxane layer and the PVA layer together. Similarly, reactive fluorine-containing compounds can be used in place of reactive silicon-containing compounds. The core idea of this example is that the PVA
offers ¨OH group serving as a promoter of the adhesion between the third layer and the connective layer.
To increase the durability of the protective layers, various reagents can be added to the coatings, preferably to the third non-stick layer, such as UV blockers, antioxidants etc.. To achieve smoother layer, some reagents such as flatting agents etc. can be added to the coatings.
For the purpose of making the layer into certain color, dyes or pigments may be added in the emulsions or solutions of such protective coatings before applying.
One of the advantages of this three layer protective coating of this invention is that the reactive silicon-containing or fluorine-containing coatings bond to the connective layer much more easily and strongly than to the original protected surface, so there is no need for other reactive chemicals such as isocyanate to be involved, consequently reduced the cost and harmfulness, since chemicals such as isocyanate is toxic while PSA emulsion and PVA solution used in this invention are cheaper and non-toxic.
Preferred Embodiments of the Invention Here are some examples of the embodiment of this invention.
Example 1 One type of two layer protective coating is described as following: Apply acrylate copolymer emulsion on a slate wall surface with brush. The solid content of this emulsion is 55%. Dry it by hot air to form a layer of press sensitive adhesive (PSA) with thickness about 1 mil. Apply 5% PVA
aqueous solution on the first layer. PVA molecular weight is approximately 80,000, hydrolysis degree is about 99%. After air-drying, the two layer sacrificial protective coating is formed with the outer PVA layer about 1 mil. When the surface is contaminated by graffiti or other stains, use boiling water or steam under certain pressure to dissolve the outer layer PVA, the contaminants will be removed with PVA. After the PSA surface get dried, apply new PVA
solution on it to form new outer sacrificial protective layer.
Example 2 One type of three layer protective coating is described as following: Apply the aqueous emulsion of the composition of ethylene-vinyl acetate-acrylic acid copolymer (EM) and modified rosin on a painted wood surface. The solid content of this emulsion is 60%. Dry it under ambient conditions to form the first layer of hot melt adhesive (HMA) with thickness about 1 mil.
Apply 3% PVA
aqueous solution on the first layer. PVA molecular weight is approximately 50,000, hydrolysis degree is about 98%. PVA layer with the thickness of about 0.5 mil is formed after hot air-drying above 100 C and the PVA layer is bond to the HMA layer by heat. Prepare the following siloxane blend: 70% by volume of the emulsion of siloxane with ¨OH end group with solid content about 15%, 20% by volume of siloxane with Si-H group with solid content about 15%, 10% by volume of the emulsion of organic Pt catalyst with Pt content about 1%. Apply the siloxane blend to the dried PVA layer by rolling, followed by a hot air drying around 150 C for several minutes, forming a polysiloxane layer as the non-stick permanent protective layer.
Claims (18)
1. Two layer sacrificial protective coating, comprising inner layer as the adhesive and outer layer as the sacrificial layer.
2. Two layer protective coating as defined in claim 1, in which the inner layer is pressure sensitive adhesive.
3. Two layer protective coating as defined in claim 1, in which the inner layer is hot melt adhesive.
4. Two layer protective coating as defined in claim 1, in which the outer layer is water soluble polymers.
5. Two layer protective coating as defined in claim 1, in which the outer layer is polyvinyl alcohol.
6. Two layer protective coating as defined in claim 1, in which the outer layer is wax-based materials.
7. Two layer protective coating as defined in claim 1, in which the outer layer is natural latex.
8. Three layer permanent protective coating, comprising first layer as adhesive, second layer as connective layer containing reactive groups that can form chemical bond with the coming third layer, third layer as the non-stick layer with low surface energy.
9. Three layer protective coating as defined in claim 8, in which the first layer is pressure sensitive adhesive.
10. Three layer protective coating as defined in claim 8, in which the first layer is hot melt adhesive.
11. Three layer protective coating as defined in claim 8, in which the connective layer is chemical substance containing reactive groups such as -OH, -NH, -COON etc..
12. Three layer protective coating as defined in claim 8, in which the connective layer is polyvinyl alcohol.
13. Three layer protective coating as defined in claim 8, in which the third layer is substance which can form a surface with low surface energy.
14. Three layer protective coating as defined in claim 8, in which the third layer is reactive silicone-containing chemicals such as reactive silane or siloxane.
15. Three layer protective coating as defined in claim 8, in which the third layer is reactive fluorine-containing chemicals.
16. Multi-layer protective coatings as defined in claim 1 and claim 8, in which various reagents such as UV blockers, antioxidants, flatting agents etc. and colorants such as pigments or dyes may be added.
17. A process of production of two layer protective coating as defined in claim1, which comprises applying emulsion or solution of adhesive on the substrate to form the inner adhesive layer, or alternatively using transferable adhesive tape to form the inner adhesive layer; applying emulsion or solution of outer layer coating on the dried inner layer to form the outer layer. Optionally promote the drying process and enhance the adhesion by heat.
18. A process of production of three layer protective coating as defined in claim8, which comprises applying emulsion or solution of adhesive on the substrate to form the first adhesive layer, or alternatively using transferable adhesive tape to form the first adhesive layer; applying emulsion or solution of connective substance on the dried first layer to form the second connective layer;
applying emulsion or solution of reactive substance on the connective layer to form the third non-stick layer with low surface energy. Optionally promote the drying process and enhance the adhesion by heat.
applying emulsion or solution of reactive substance on the connective layer to form the third non-stick layer with low surface energy. Optionally promote the drying process and enhance the adhesion by heat.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2759718 CA2759718A1 (en) | 2011-11-22 | 2011-11-22 | Multi-layer anti-graffiti coating and the method of making the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2759718 CA2759718A1 (en) | 2011-11-22 | 2011-11-22 | Multi-layer anti-graffiti coating and the method of making the same |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2759718A1 true CA2759718A1 (en) | 2013-05-22 |
Family
ID=48464199
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2759718 Abandoned CA2759718A1 (en) | 2011-11-22 | 2011-11-22 | Multi-layer anti-graffiti coating and the method of making the same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2759718A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11629496B2 (en) | 2018-07-11 | 2023-04-18 | Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc | Shingles with increased hydrophobicity |
| US11933048B2 (en) | 2014-02-21 | 2024-03-19 | Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc | Shingles with increased hydrophobicity |
| US12065835B2 (en) | 2019-12-03 | 2024-08-20 | Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc | Roofing materials including a layer of a parting agent |
| US12091859B2 (en) | 2018-06-29 | 2024-09-17 | Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc | Roofing materials including a parting agent layer |
-
2011
- 2011-11-22 CA CA 2759718 patent/CA2759718A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11933048B2 (en) | 2014-02-21 | 2024-03-19 | Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc | Shingles with increased hydrophobicity |
| US12091859B2 (en) | 2018-06-29 | 2024-09-17 | Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc | Roofing materials including a parting agent layer |
| US11629496B2 (en) | 2018-07-11 | 2023-04-18 | Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc | Shingles with increased hydrophobicity |
| US12065835B2 (en) | 2019-12-03 | 2024-08-20 | Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc | Roofing materials including a layer of a parting agent |
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