CA1120333A - Fluidized bed firing - Google Patents
Fluidized bed firingInfo
- Publication number
- CA1120333A CA1120333A CA000323721A CA323721A CA1120333A CA 1120333 A CA1120333 A CA 1120333A CA 000323721 A CA000323721 A CA 000323721A CA 323721 A CA323721 A CA 323721A CA 1120333 A CA1120333 A CA 1120333A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- fluidized bed
- fuel
- air
- nozzles
- fluidized
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D13/00—Heat-exchange apparatus using a fluidised bed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
- B01J8/1818—Feeding of the fluidising gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
- B01J8/24—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
- B01J8/38—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with fluidised bed containing a rotatable device or being subject to rotation or to a circulatory movement, i.e. leaving a vessel and subsequently re-entering it
- B01J8/384—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with fluidised bed containing a rotatable device or being subject to rotation or to a circulatory movement, i.e. leaving a vessel and subsequently re-entering it being subject to a circulatory movement only
- B01J8/386—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with fluidised bed containing a rotatable device or being subject to rotation or to a circulatory movement, i.e. leaving a vessel and subsequently re-entering it being subject to a circulatory movement only internally, i.e. the particles rotate within the vessel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/02—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed
- F23C10/12—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated exclusively within the combustion zone
- F23C10/14—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated exclusively within the combustion zone the circulating movement being promoted by inducing differing degrees of fluidisation in different parts of the bed
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B15/00—Fluidised-bed furnaces; Other furnaces using or treating finely-divided materials in dispersion
- F27B15/02—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B15/10—Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
Abstract
A B S T R A C T
A fluidized-bed firing unit in which a fluidized bed of comparatively inert material is maintained in a container, having cooled or insulated walls and a flow-bottom, by means of air entering through nozzles in the said flow-bottom,the fuel be fed to the said fluidized bed after the latter has been heated to the ignition temperature of the said fuel, characterized in that the air supplied through the nozzles in the flow-bottom, for the purpose of producing the fluidized bed, is forced into at least one component of motion causing the said fluidized bed to circulate in a horizontal plane, while the fuel is fed to the lower part of the fluidized bed.
A fluidized-bed firing unit in which a fluidized bed of comparatively inert material is maintained in a container, having cooled or insulated walls and a flow-bottom, by means of air entering through nozzles in the said flow-bottom,the fuel be fed to the said fluidized bed after the latter has been heated to the ignition temperature of the said fuel, characterized in that the air supplied through the nozzles in the flow-bottom, for the purpose of producing the fluidized bed, is forced into at least one component of motion causing the said fluidized bed to circulate in a horizontal plane, while the fuel is fed to the lower part of the fluidized bed.
Description
11;~03~3 The invention relates to a fluidized ~ed firing unit, in which a fluidized bed of comparatively inert material is maintained in a container, having cooled or insulated walls and a flow-bottom, by means of air entering through nozzles in the said bottom, the fuel being fed to the said fluidized bed after the latter has been heated to the ignition temperature of the fuel.
Fluidized-~ed firing units are used more particularly for burning coal in the form of lumps, dust or sludge, and similar wastes or the like. The combustion air supplied through the nozzles in the flow-bottom is not only distributed uniformly but also produces a constant turbulence up and down vortexing in the mass of the bed, thus causing intensive mixing of the fuel, the air and the inert material serving as a heat carrier, especially in the vertical direction.
In contrast to this, particles moving horizontally do so at a very low velocity, and it is therefore necessary, right from the start, to produce uniform distribution over the fluidized bed not only of combustion air but also of fuel.
The prior art discloses feeding of the fuel into the fluidized bed, from above, through one or more down-shafts. This type of feed, although very rugged and simple, has the disadvantage of poor horizontal mixing, which means that the firing of the fluidized bed must be carried out with a large excess of air. Also disclosed in the prior art is the feeding of fuel, throu~h one or more worm distributors, laterally into the fluidized bed, but in th-s case horizontal mixing is even more unsatisfactory.
It is better if finely-granular fuel can be introduced as far as possible downinto the fluidized bed, so that the fine particles are forced to pass through the entire fluidized 11;~0333 layer and thus have sùfficient time to burn out.
Also disclosed in the prior art is the practice of feeding into the fluidized bed from above through one or more projection-loaders. In this case horizontal fuel distribution is comparatively satisfactory, but fine fuel particles may be discharged with the flue gas and are therefore not burned. A feed of this kind is therefore suitable only relatively coarse fuel.
Also pertaining to the prior art is the pneumatic feeding of fuel through nozzles arranged uniformly over the flow-bottom. This allows the fuel to be distributed very uniformly in the fluidized bed, both vertically and horizontally. Fine particles of fuel must p~ s vertically through the f~uidized layer and highly satisfactory combustion values are achieved. Only a small amount of excess air need be used. ~owever, this type of fuel feed is technically complex. For pneumatic transportation, the fuel, for instance ~oal, must be ground to a relatively fine grain size -6 mm at the most, and must also be dried to a water content of less than 5~. The ground and dried fuel then has to be fed in a flow of air, through numerous pipelines, to the fuel nozzles in flow-bottom. ~orever, in a system of this kind, wear and blockages cannot be ruled out. Furthermore, additional compressors are needed to produce the carrier air.
It is the purpose of the invention to provide a simple fluidized-bed firing unit which will avoid a large excess of air, but will ensure uniform distribution ~f the fuel in the fluidized bed, especially in the horizontal direction, and thus uniform combustion of all particles of fuel fed to the fluidized bed.
According to the invention, this purpose is achieved 11;~03~3 in that the air supplied through the nozzles in the flow-bottom, for the purpose of producing the fluidized bed, is forced into at least one component of motion causing the said fluidized bed to circulate in a horizontal plane, while the fuel is fed to the lower part of the fluidized bcd.
This makes it possible to operate with down-pipes which are preferably cooled. The fuel may also be supplied through one or more worm distributors, the outlet apertures of which are located far enough under the surface of the fluidized bed.
The fuel is preferably introduced into the flui~ized bed at about 20% of the total height thereof.
The circulating motion of the fluidized bed ensures that the particles of fuel, introduced at one or more locations, will be distributed as quickly as possible over the cross section of the bed. This circulating motion of the fluidized bed may be produced in a variety of ways.
For example, the air producing the fluidized bed, and entering substantially vertically, may be forced into a circulating motion by feeding-in additional air off-centrally. A plurality of such off-centre supplies of air may be used.
It is also possible to incline at leaqt the air nozzles in the vicinity of the wall of the container at an angle to the vertical and in the same direction. This again imparts, to the air flowing vertically upwards, a component producing a circulating fluidized bed. According to another configuration of the invention, the angle of incli-nation may ~ary from nozzle to noz~le to some extent, thus contri~utino further turbulence in a horizontal plane.
As soon as the fluidized-bed firing is shut down, the layer of inert material hitherto in suspension collapses onto the more or less obliquely arranged nozzles in the flow-bottom. In order to prevent the particles of inert material from entering the air nozzles and passing into the underlying air chests and contaminating them, it is proposed, according to still another configura-tion of the invention, to cut off obliquely the outlet ends of the said air nozzles in such a manner that the remaining part of each nozzle covers the outlet from above.
If the fluidized-bed firing unit is equipped with heat exchangers, it is desirable, according to the invention, to impart a circulating motion to the areas between the coils of the pipes. The inclined nozzles may also be arranged in rings in the flow-bottom, the central area containing nozzles directed upwardly in the normal way.
This arrangement also provides the fluidized bed with an ade~uate circulating motion.
Examples of embodiment explaining the invention in greater detail are illustrated in the drawings attached hereto, wherein:
Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic repreQentation of the container for a fluidized bed;
Fig. 2 illustrates a container similar to that in Fig. 1, but with the air imparting a circulating motion to the fluidized bed supplied in a different way;
Fig. 3 is a partial view of a feed-nozzle;
Fig. 4 shows a design for a fluidized bed with heat exchangers; and Fig. 5 is a section along the line A-A in Fig. 4-ll;~V3;~3 In Fig. l i indicates a container provided with cooled or insulated walls which, for the sake of simplicity, axe not shown in detail, but appear diagrammatically and merely as defining walls.
Located under container l is an air chest 2 for the supply of combustion air. The nozzles are marked and are distributed substantially uniformly over the entire flow-bottom of container l. In addition to nozzles 3, a pipeline 5 opens into container l, through which additional air is introduced. ~hus the fluidized bed produced in container 1 by the air emerging from nozzles 3 receives a component of motion from the additional air introduced at 5. This results in a circulating motion of this air, and thus of the fluidized bed built up in container 1. The fuel-supply line is marked 6. Line 7 shows how the fuel is placed in suspension bythe air entering through nozzles 3 and is caused to circulate in the container by the air entering ~hrough nozzle 5.
The same motion i9 achieved, according to Fig. 2 in that nozzles 13 are directed obliquely in container 11, so that the airemexging therefrom has a component of motion in the direction of arrow 14 and arrow 15. This also produces a circulating fluidized bed, into which the fuel is intro-duced through pipeline 16. It shoUld be noted that the fuel is introduced as deeply as possible into the fluidized ~ed, as in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 shows at 22 a part section through an air chest carrying a plurality of nozzles 23 set at an appro-priate angle. In order to prevent material from the bed 3~ and/or fuel from entering nozzle 23 whenthe firing is shut down, the said nozzle is chamfered as shown at 24 in such a manner as to leave a projection 25 which prevents material from entering nozzle 23 and thus reach~ng air chest 22. Arrow 23 shows the outlet direction of the air. This motion may also be divided, in a manner known per se, into two components, one at right angles to air chest 22 and one parallel therewith. This again produces a circulating motion of the air and thus of the fluidized bed in the corresponding container.
It is obviously possible to arrange several rows of nozzles 13, in Fig. 2, side by side, in which case the central area need not necessarily contain nozzles set at an angle, but may beequipped with nozzles entering vertically through the bottom in the usual way. This design is obvious from the description and no drawLng is therefore provided.
In the example of embodimen~ according to Fig. 4 which should be considered in conjunction with that in Fig. 5, pipe coils 37 are arranged in container 31 between fuel lines 36a, 36b and 36c, coil 37 being also shown in Fig. 5. These coils are parts of heat exchangers and, in the example of embodiment illustrated, they divide container 31 into three sections. In order to prevent the fluidized bed from being disturbed by pipe coils 37, it is divided here into three parts. Here again suitably inclined nozzles 38 produce a circulating motion of parts of the fluidized bed. Thus three fluidized beds are produced in this case, as shown at 39, 40 and 41. The central nozzles need not necessarily be set at an angle, but may enter the container vertically through the bottom, as in Fig. 1.
Fluidized-~ed firing units are used more particularly for burning coal in the form of lumps, dust or sludge, and similar wastes or the like. The combustion air supplied through the nozzles in the flow-bottom is not only distributed uniformly but also produces a constant turbulence up and down vortexing in the mass of the bed, thus causing intensive mixing of the fuel, the air and the inert material serving as a heat carrier, especially in the vertical direction.
In contrast to this, particles moving horizontally do so at a very low velocity, and it is therefore necessary, right from the start, to produce uniform distribution over the fluidized bed not only of combustion air but also of fuel.
The prior art discloses feeding of the fuel into the fluidized bed, from above, through one or more down-shafts. This type of feed, although very rugged and simple, has the disadvantage of poor horizontal mixing, which means that the firing of the fluidized bed must be carried out with a large excess of air. Also disclosed in the prior art is the feeding of fuel, throu~h one or more worm distributors, laterally into the fluidized bed, but in th-s case horizontal mixing is even more unsatisfactory.
It is better if finely-granular fuel can be introduced as far as possible downinto the fluidized bed, so that the fine particles are forced to pass through the entire fluidized 11;~0333 layer and thus have sùfficient time to burn out.
Also disclosed in the prior art is the practice of feeding into the fluidized bed from above through one or more projection-loaders. In this case horizontal fuel distribution is comparatively satisfactory, but fine fuel particles may be discharged with the flue gas and are therefore not burned. A feed of this kind is therefore suitable only relatively coarse fuel.
Also pertaining to the prior art is the pneumatic feeding of fuel through nozzles arranged uniformly over the flow-bottom. This allows the fuel to be distributed very uniformly in the fluidized bed, both vertically and horizontally. Fine particles of fuel must p~ s vertically through the f~uidized layer and highly satisfactory combustion values are achieved. Only a small amount of excess air need be used. ~owever, this type of fuel feed is technically complex. For pneumatic transportation, the fuel, for instance ~oal, must be ground to a relatively fine grain size -6 mm at the most, and must also be dried to a water content of less than 5~. The ground and dried fuel then has to be fed in a flow of air, through numerous pipelines, to the fuel nozzles in flow-bottom. ~orever, in a system of this kind, wear and blockages cannot be ruled out. Furthermore, additional compressors are needed to produce the carrier air.
It is the purpose of the invention to provide a simple fluidized-bed firing unit which will avoid a large excess of air, but will ensure uniform distribution ~f the fuel in the fluidized bed, especially in the horizontal direction, and thus uniform combustion of all particles of fuel fed to the fluidized bed.
According to the invention, this purpose is achieved 11;~03~3 in that the air supplied through the nozzles in the flow-bottom, for the purpose of producing the fluidized bed, is forced into at least one component of motion causing the said fluidized bed to circulate in a horizontal plane, while the fuel is fed to the lower part of the fluidized bcd.
This makes it possible to operate with down-pipes which are preferably cooled. The fuel may also be supplied through one or more worm distributors, the outlet apertures of which are located far enough under the surface of the fluidized bed.
The fuel is preferably introduced into the flui~ized bed at about 20% of the total height thereof.
The circulating motion of the fluidized bed ensures that the particles of fuel, introduced at one or more locations, will be distributed as quickly as possible over the cross section of the bed. This circulating motion of the fluidized bed may be produced in a variety of ways.
For example, the air producing the fluidized bed, and entering substantially vertically, may be forced into a circulating motion by feeding-in additional air off-centrally. A plurality of such off-centre supplies of air may be used.
It is also possible to incline at leaqt the air nozzles in the vicinity of the wall of the container at an angle to the vertical and in the same direction. This again imparts, to the air flowing vertically upwards, a component producing a circulating fluidized bed. According to another configuration of the invention, the angle of incli-nation may ~ary from nozzle to noz~le to some extent, thus contri~utino further turbulence in a horizontal plane.
As soon as the fluidized-bed firing is shut down, the layer of inert material hitherto in suspension collapses onto the more or less obliquely arranged nozzles in the flow-bottom. In order to prevent the particles of inert material from entering the air nozzles and passing into the underlying air chests and contaminating them, it is proposed, according to still another configura-tion of the invention, to cut off obliquely the outlet ends of the said air nozzles in such a manner that the remaining part of each nozzle covers the outlet from above.
If the fluidized-bed firing unit is equipped with heat exchangers, it is desirable, according to the invention, to impart a circulating motion to the areas between the coils of the pipes. The inclined nozzles may also be arranged in rings in the flow-bottom, the central area containing nozzles directed upwardly in the normal way.
This arrangement also provides the fluidized bed with an ade~uate circulating motion.
Examples of embodiment explaining the invention in greater detail are illustrated in the drawings attached hereto, wherein:
Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic repreQentation of the container for a fluidized bed;
Fig. 2 illustrates a container similar to that in Fig. 1, but with the air imparting a circulating motion to the fluidized bed supplied in a different way;
Fig. 3 is a partial view of a feed-nozzle;
Fig. 4 shows a design for a fluidized bed with heat exchangers; and Fig. 5 is a section along the line A-A in Fig. 4-ll;~V3;~3 In Fig. l i indicates a container provided with cooled or insulated walls which, for the sake of simplicity, axe not shown in detail, but appear diagrammatically and merely as defining walls.
Located under container l is an air chest 2 for the supply of combustion air. The nozzles are marked and are distributed substantially uniformly over the entire flow-bottom of container l. In addition to nozzles 3, a pipeline 5 opens into container l, through which additional air is introduced. ~hus the fluidized bed produced in container 1 by the air emerging from nozzles 3 receives a component of motion from the additional air introduced at 5. This results in a circulating motion of this air, and thus of the fluidized bed built up in container 1. The fuel-supply line is marked 6. Line 7 shows how the fuel is placed in suspension bythe air entering through nozzles 3 and is caused to circulate in the container by the air entering ~hrough nozzle 5.
The same motion i9 achieved, according to Fig. 2 in that nozzles 13 are directed obliquely in container 11, so that the airemexging therefrom has a component of motion in the direction of arrow 14 and arrow 15. This also produces a circulating fluidized bed, into which the fuel is intro-duced through pipeline 16. It shoUld be noted that the fuel is introduced as deeply as possible into the fluidized ~ed, as in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 shows at 22 a part section through an air chest carrying a plurality of nozzles 23 set at an appro-priate angle. In order to prevent material from the bed 3~ and/or fuel from entering nozzle 23 whenthe firing is shut down, the said nozzle is chamfered as shown at 24 in such a manner as to leave a projection 25 which prevents material from entering nozzle 23 and thus reach~ng air chest 22. Arrow 23 shows the outlet direction of the air. This motion may also be divided, in a manner known per se, into two components, one at right angles to air chest 22 and one parallel therewith. This again produces a circulating motion of the air and thus of the fluidized bed in the corresponding container.
It is obviously possible to arrange several rows of nozzles 13, in Fig. 2, side by side, in which case the central area need not necessarily contain nozzles set at an angle, but may beequipped with nozzles entering vertically through the bottom in the usual way. This design is obvious from the description and no drawLng is therefore provided.
In the example of embodimen~ according to Fig. 4 which should be considered in conjunction with that in Fig. 5, pipe coils 37 are arranged in container 31 between fuel lines 36a, 36b and 36c, coil 37 being also shown in Fig. 5. These coils are parts of heat exchangers and, in the example of embodiment illustrated, they divide container 31 into three sections. In order to prevent the fluidized bed from being disturbed by pipe coils 37, it is divided here into three parts. Here again suitably inclined nozzles 38 produce a circulating motion of parts of the fluidized bed. Thus three fluidized beds are produced in this case, as shown at 39, 40 and 41. The central nozzles need not necessarily be set at an angle, but may enter the container vertically through the bottom, as in Fig. 1.
Claims
1. A fluidized-bed reactor for use in the combustion of coal or the like comprising, a reactor housing having a bottom wall and side walls defining a reactor chamber, an air input passage opening through one of said side walls for directing air into said chamber in a first stream which is generally horizontally oriented, a plurality of nozzles mounted on said bottom wall, each nozzle having a through passage opening through said bottom wall whereby air may be discharged into said re-actor chamber in a plurality of second streams which are inclined to the horizontal plane and arranged to react with the first stream to establish a turbulent flow through the reactor chamber, and means for admitting fuel to said chamber adjacent the point at which the first stream discharges into the reactor chamber.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19782811995 DE2811995A1 (en) | 1978-03-18 | 1978-03-18 | Fluid bed firing |
| DEP2811995.1 | 1978-03-18 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1120333A true CA1120333A (en) | 1982-03-23 |
Family
ID=6034890
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000323721A Expired CA1120333A (en) | 1978-03-18 | 1979-03-19 | Fluidized bed firing |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1120333A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2811995A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2036275B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1979000794A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA791275B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4476790A (en) * | 1979-04-23 | 1984-10-16 | Combustion Engineering, Inc. | Method of feeding particulate material to a fluidized bed |
| CA1186564A (en) * | 1981-11-03 | 1985-05-07 | Robert D. Stewart | Fluidized bed heat exchanger utilizing induced circulation |
| DE4123568A1 (en) * | 1990-07-19 | 1992-01-23 | Carlos Florencio Guille Hansen | DEVICE FOR HAIR MASSAGE |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3048153A (en) * | 1956-07-11 | 1962-08-07 | Combustion Eng | Vapor generator |
| FR1268776A (en) * | 1960-09-23 | 1961-08-04 | Basf Ag | Method and device for starting the heating of layer furnaces in turbulent motion |
| GB1187567A (en) * | 1966-03-31 | 1970-04-08 | Gas Council | Apparatus for use in producing a Fluidised Bed |
| US3529359A (en) * | 1968-05-11 | 1970-09-22 | Okawara Mfg | Fluidized drying apparatus |
| GB1362656A (en) * | 1970-08-24 | 1974-08-07 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Fluidised bed apparatus |
| GB1339287A (en) * | 1971-01-05 | 1973-11-28 | Coal Industry Patents Ltd | Apparatus for the combustion of solid fuels |
| DE2106941C3 (en) * | 1971-02-13 | 1974-08-22 | Krauss-Maffei Ag, 8000 Muenchen | Method and device for fluidized bed treatment of solids or liquids |
| DE2335514A1 (en) * | 1973-07-12 | 1975-02-06 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Hot air treatment in fluidised bed - esp. of heat sensitive material with air inlets above bed floor |
| GB1491526A (en) * | 1974-02-28 | 1977-11-09 | Zjednoczenie Przemyslu Ceramik | Method and apparatus for the combustion or gasification of solid fuels or other materials containing organic compounds |
-
1978
- 1978-03-18 DE DE19782811995 patent/DE2811995A1/en not_active Ceased
-
1979
- 1979-03-19 CA CA000323721A patent/CA1120333A/en not_active Expired
- 1979-03-19 ZA ZA791275A patent/ZA791275B/en unknown
- 1979-03-19 GB GB7939023A patent/GB2036275B/en not_active Expired
- 1979-03-19 WO PCT/DE1979/000030 patent/WO1979000794A1/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ZA791275B (en) | 1980-12-31 |
| GB2036275B (en) | 1982-06-16 |
| DE2811995A1 (en) | 1979-09-27 |
| WO1979000794A1 (en) | 1979-10-18 |
| GB2036275A (en) | 1980-06-25 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |