AU2020103669A4

AU2020103669A4 - Integrated test device and test method for gear and bearing

Info

Publication number: AU2020103669A4
Application number: AU2020103669A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Zhihe DUAN; Fangyuan GAO; Mingyang HUANG; Zhixiong Li; Chengze LIU; Xihao LIU; Kangwei MOU; Bo Wang; Mengmeng WANG; Yang Xu
Original assignee: Ocean University of China
Current assignee: Ocean University of China
Priority date: 2020-11-25
Filing date: 2020-11-25
Publication date: 2021-02-04
Anticipated expiration: 2028-11-25

Abstract

The disclosure discloses an integrated test device and a test method for a gear and a bearing. The integrated test device includes a bearing, a first gear, a second gear, a third gear, and a sealed box used for accommodating the bearing. The second gear and the third gear are located on two sides of the first gear and are respectively connected with the first gear in an engaged manner. The first gear is in transmission connection with a torque output device. The second gear is coaxially connected with a loading shaft. An end part of the loading shaft extends into the sealed box and is arranged in an inner hole of the bearing in a penetrating manner. A gear shaft of the third gear is connected with a brake. A bearing box seat used for supporting the loading shaft is arranged between the bearing and the second gear. A loading rod which exerts a radial load on an outer wall of the bearing is arranged on an outer wall of the sealed box in the penetrating manner. A spray nozzle for aligning with the bearing to spray a heat conduction liquid, a temperature sensor, and a vibration sensor are arranged in the sealed box. The integrated test device and the test method are used for detecting integrated working condition data after synchronous operation of the bearing and the gears, and then can directly explore integrated data of an interaction between the gear and the bearing under the influence of a fault. FIG. 1

Description

FIG. 1

INTEGRATED TEST DEVICE AND TEST METHOD FOR GEAR AND BEARING

TECHNICAL FIELD The disclosure relates to a fault detection technology for bearings and gears in rotary machinery, and in particular, to an integrated test device and a test method for a gear and a bearing.

BACKGROUND At present, there are many gear test benches and bearing test benches. However, these test benches usually can only perform an operation condition detection test on the gear or the bearing separately, but cannot realize an integrated test of the gear and bearing. During an operating process, the reduction of power transmission capacity of a faulty gear may affect the operation speed of another gear, and may affect the bearing that should be in a set working condition at this time. An integrated test for the gear and the bearing cannot be performed, so it is impossible to directly explore integrated data of an interaction between the gear and the bearing under the influence of a fault. Therefore, performing separate tests on the gear and the bearing, particularly the integrated test on the gear and the bearing is of great significance to state monitoring and fault diagnosis of mechanical equipment. The Chinese Patent CN107907328A discloses a gear test device. The device can test gears with different sizes quickly. However, the device is only a device with respect to the gear, so it cannot perform a comprehensive test on the gear and the bearing. The Chinese patent CN110470468A discloses a bearing and gear test bench. The test bench can perform a test on large-sized bearing and gear equipment under the working conditions of low speed and heavy load. However, parameters can only be set at the beginning, and a test under unknown factors and variable load cannot be simulated.

SUMMARY In view of the technical problems above, the objective of the disclosure is to provide an integrated test device and a test method for a gear and a bearing, which can directly explore integrated data of an interaction of the gear and the bearing under the influence of a fault, provides data basis for state monitoring and fault diagnosis of mechanical equipment, and can accurately determine a type and a reason of a fault during an operating process of the gear or the bearing. To achieve the above objective, the disclosure provides the following solutions: the disclosure provides an integrated test device for a gear and a bearing, including a bearing, a first gear, a second gear, a third gear, and a sealed box for accommodating the bearing. The second gear and the third gear are located on two sides of the first gear and are respectively connected with the first gear in an engaged manner. The first gear is in transmission connection with a torque output device. The second gear is coaxially connected with a loading shaft. An end part of the loading shaft extends into the sealed box and is arranged in an inner hole of the bearing in a penetrating manner. A gear shaft of the third gear is connected with a brake. A bearing box seat used for supporting the loading shaft is arranged between the bearing and the second gear. A loading rod which exerts a radial load on an outer wall of the bearing is arranged on an outer wall of the sealed box in the penetrating manner. A spray nozzle for aligning with the bearing to spray a heat conduction liquid, a temperature sensor used for detecting the temperature of the heat conduction liquid after spraying, and a vibration sensor which is pressed against the outer wall of the bearing are arranged in the sealed box. Preferably, the vibration sensor includes a horizontal vibration sensor arranged on a side of the bearing, and a vertical vibration sensor arranged below the bearing. Preferably, a pressure sensor used for acquiring a value of the pressure born by the bearing is arranged between the bearing and the loading rod. Preferably, the torque output device includes a servo motor. A motor shaft of the servo motor is in coaxial transmission connection with a gear shaft of the first gear. Preferably, a torque sensor is arranged between the motor shaft and the gear shaft of the first gear. Preferably, a supporting bearing which is arranged coaxially with the loading shaft is arranged in the bearing box seat. The supporting bearing is arranged on the outer wall of the loading shaft in a sleeving manner. Preferably, the integrated test device for the gear and the bearing includes a gearbox used for accommodating the first gear, the second gear, and the third gear. A plurality of rotating bearings are fixed to the interior of the gearbox. Gear shafts of the first gear, the second gear, and the third gear are respectively arranged on the corresponding rotating bearings in the penetrating manner.

Preferably, a shaft coupling is connected between the brake and the gear shaft of the third gear. Preferably, the torque sensor, the vibration sensor, the temperature sensor, and the pressure sensor are jointly and electrically connected to a working condition machine. Torque, pressure, vibration, and temperature signals during a test are acquired and summarized by the working condition machine. Compared with the prior art, the integrated test device and the test method for the gear and the bearing achieve the following technical effects: 1. According to the integrated test device and the test method for the gear and the bearing, the second gear is coaxially connected to the loading shaft, and the end part of the loading shaft extends into the sealed box and is arranged in an inner hole of the bearing in the penetrating manner, so as to maintain synchronous transmission connection of the bearing and the gear. Meanwhile, the temperature sensor and the vibration sensor are arranged in the sealed box, which are used for detecting integrated working condition data of the bearing and the gear after synchronous operation; therefore, the integrated data of the interaction of the gear and the bearing under the influence of the fault can be explored directly. 2. According to the integrated test device and the test method for the gear and the bearing, the loading rod which exerts the radial load on the outer wall of the bearing is arranged on the outer wall of the sealed box in the penetrating manner. During an operating process of the bearing, the loading rod is pressed against the outer wall of the bearing so that an outer ring of the bearing is in a static state; the loading shaft drives an inner ring of the bearing to rotate, which ensures that the bearing is in an effective working state. 3. According to the integrated test device and the test method for the gear and the bearing, the bearing box seat used for supporting the loading shaft is arranged between the bearing and the second gear, which avoids excessive deviation, caused by the load exerted on the bearing by the loading rod, of the bearing affecting the accuracy of the detected working condition data. 4. According to the integrated test device and the test method for the gear and the bearing, the spray nozzle for spraying the heat conduction liquid is arranged in the sealed box, and then the heat conduction liquid is sprayed to the bearing during the operating process of the bearing, which makes the heat conduction liquid gather in the sealed box and reduces outward heat dissipation, thereby reflecting the temperature of the bearing by measuring the temperature of the heat conduction liquid, and ensuring the accuracy of the measurement for a bearing temperature. 5. According to the integrated test device and the test method for the gear and the bearing, a brake for braking the third gear is arranged to simulate a working condition when the gear is loaded, meanwhile, the loading rod exerts a variable load to the bearing to simulate the working condition when the bearing is loaded, and then operating signals of the interaction of the gear and the bearing under the influence of a load can be explored directly, which is of great significance to the state monitoring and the fault diagnosis of the mechanical equipment. 6. According to the integrated test device and the test method for the gear and the bearing, a plurality of sensors for torque, temperature, pressure and torque are arranged, which can acquire signals and realize dynamic monitoring during a testing process, and can reduce artificial operation, and improve the accuracy of the test.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS To describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the disclosure or in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly describes the accompanying drawings required for describing the embodiments. Apparently, the accompanying drawings in the following description show merely some embodiments of the disclosure, and a person of ordinary skill in the art may still derive other drawings from these accompanying drawings without creative efforts. FIG. 1 is an axonometric view of an overall structure of an embodiment of the disclosure. FIG. 2 is a front view of a structure of the embodiment of the disclosure. FIG. 3 is a right view of an internal structure of the embodiment of the disclosure. FIG. 4 is a rear view of the internal structure of the embodiment of the disclosure. FIG. 5 is an internal structure view of a gear test device of the embodiment of the disclosure. Reference signs in the drawings: 1-brake base; 2-brake; 3-sealed box; 4-loading rod; 5-bearing box seat; 6-gearbox; 7-torque sensor; 8-servo motor; 9-display screen; 10-pressure sensor sleeve; 11-bearing; 12-horizontal vibration sensor; 13-temperature sensor; 14-vertical vibration sensor; 15-shaft coupling; 16-oil tank; 17-pump; 18-working condition machine; 19-first gear; 20-second gear; 21-loading shaft; 22-loading shaft sleeve; 23-third gear.

DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS The technical solutions in the embodiments of the disclosure will be clearly and completely described hereinbelow with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the disclosure. It is apparent that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the disclosure, not all of the embodiments. On the basis of the embodiments of the disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the disclosure. As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 5, the disclosure provides an integrated test device for a gear and a bearing, including a bearing 11, a first gear 19, a second gear 20, a third gear 23, and a sealed box 3 used for accommodating the bearing 11, preferably, including a gearbox 6 used for accommodating the first gear 19, the second gear 20 and the third gear 23. A plurality of rotating bearings 11 are fixed to the interior of the gearbox 6. Gear shafts of the first gear 19, the second gear 20, and the third gear 23 are respectively arranged on the corresponding rotating bearings 11 in a penetrating manner so as to complete rotating fit of each gear in the gearbox 6. In addition, the second gear 20 and the third gear 23 are located on two sides of the first gear 19 and are respectively connected with the first gear 19 in an engaged manner. Meanwhile, the first gear 19 is in transmission connection with a torque output device. Preferably, the torque output device includes a servo motor 8. A motor shaft of the servo motor 8 is in coaxial transmission connection with a gear shaft of the first gear 19. In addition; a torque sensor 7 is arranged between the motor shaft and the gear shaft of the first gear 19, and is used for detecting the torques exerted on the gears by the servo motor 8. Preferably, the torque sensor 7 forms a detachable connection with each of the gear shaft of the first gear 19 and the servo motor 8 through a shaft coupling. The second gear 20 is coaxially connected with a loading shaft 21, for example, a gear shaft of the second gear 20 is connected to the loading shaft 21. An end part of the loading shaft 21 extends into the sealed box 3 and is arranged in an inner hole of the bearing 11 in a penetrating manner. In order to ensure a sealing effect of the sealed box 3, preferably, sealing structures, such as a shaft seal, are arranged at the junction of the loading shaft 21 and the sealed box 3. Preferably, in order to simulate a load condition of gear operation, a gear shaft of the third gear 23 is connected with a brake 2. A shaft coupling 15 is connected between the brake 2 and the gear shaft of the third gear 23, so that a detachable connection between the brake 2 and the third gear 23 is formed, which facilitates selecting different models of brakes 2 to meet the requirements of a test. In addition, a brake base 1 is arranged at the bottom of the brake 2 and is used for supporting the brake 2 and adjusting the height of the brake 2. Meanwhile, a bearing box seat 5 used for supporting the loading shaft 21 is arranged between the bearing 11 and the second gear 20. A loading rod 4 for exerting a radial load on an outer wall of the bearing 11 is arranged on the outer wall of the sealed box 3 in the penetrating manner. The loading rod 4 may be manually operated or electrically controlled. The objective of such an arrangement structure is to make the loading rod 4 exert constant force on the bearing 11. The bearing seat box 5 may also ensure the position of the bearing 1 unchanged, so that the bearing 11 can operate continuously and normally under the driving of the loading shaft 21. In order to ensure stable support of the loading shaft 21, a supporting bearing 11 which is coaxially arranged with the loading shaft 21 is arranged in a bearing box seat 5. The supporting bearing 11 is arranged on an outer wall of the loading shaft 21 in a sleeving manner, for example, a loading shaft sleeve 22 is mounted on the loading shaft 21, and the loading shaft sleeve 22 is an inner ring of the supporting bearing 11. A pressure sensor used for acquiring a value of the pressure born by the bearing 11 is arranged between the bearing 11 and the loading rod 4, so that the force exerted on the bearing 11 by the loading rod 4 can be automatically acquired to provide data support for subsequent detection. A pressure sensor sleeve 10 is arranged outside the pressure sensor in the sleeving manner, which avoids the influence on the pressure sensor caused by external pollutants. Then, in order to detect the integrated data of the bearing 11 and the gear after common operation, preferably, a spraying nozzle for aligning with the bearing 11 to spray the heat conduction liquid, a temperature sensor 13, and a vibration sensor which is pressed against the outer wall of the bearing 11 are arranged in the sealed box 3. After the heat conduction liquid is sprayed on the surface of the bearing 11, the heat conduction liquid gathered in the sealed box 3 is detected by using the temperature sensor 13, and then, the operating temperature of the bearing 11 may be represented. In addition, the vibration sensor is used for detecting a vibration signal of the bearing 11. Preferably, the vibration sensor includes a horizontal vibration sensor 12 arranged on a side of the bearing 11 and a vertical vibration sensor 14 arranged below the bearing 11, so an integrated vibration signal of the bearing 11 can be acquired. In order to avoid an interference with the position of the loading rod 4, preferably, the loading rod 4 is arranged above the bearing 11. The heat conduction liquid may be oil. Then, preferably, an oil tank 16 and a pump 17 are further arranged in the overall device. The oil in the sealed box 3 is replaced in different types of tests by using the oil tank 16 and the pump 17. As a preferred implementation manner of the disclosure, the torque sensor 7, the vibration sensor, the temperature sensor 13, and the pressure sensor are jointly and electrically connected to a working condition machine 18. Torque, pressure, vibration, and temperature signals during the test are acquired and summarized by the working condition machine 18. The working condition machine 18 includes a display screen 9 and a controller. A data acquisition card in the working condition machine 18 acquires the signals of the torque, temperature, pressure, and vibration sensors arranged in the overall device. Visual data and report forms are output through the display screen 9 after the signals are processed and analyzed by the working condition machine 18. Before the test, the gear or bearing 11 to be tested are mounted at a correct position, set parameters are input into the controller to intelligently and automatically control the operation of the brake 2 and the servo motor 8, and control the spray nozzle to spray the heat conduction liquid to the bearing 11, which can reduce artificial operation and improve the accuracy of the test. In addition, the disclosure further provides a test method for the gear and the bearing 11, including the following steps: Si. acquiring working condition data of a normal gear under a variable load: correspondingly replacing the first gear 19, the second gear 20, the third gear 23, and the bearing 11 with normal gears and bearing 11; driving the loading rod 4 to exert a constant radial load on the outer wall of the bearing 11; starting the torque output device to drive each gear and the bearing 11 to keep normal operation; starting the brake 2 to brake the third gear 23; turning on the spray nozzle to spray the heat conduction liquid to the bearing 11; by the working condition machine 18, acquiring and summarizing the torque, pressure, vibration, and temperature signals during the test, and acquiring integrated data of an operation combined with the normal bearing 11 when the variable load is exerted on the normal gear; S2. acquiring working condition data of a normal bearing 11 under a variable load: shutting down the brake 2; keeping the third gear 23 in a normal working state; starting the loading rod 4 to exert a variable radial load on the bearing 11; turning on the spray nozzle to spray the heat conduction liquid to the bearing 11; by means of the working condition machine 18, acquiring and summarizing the torque, pressure, vibration, and temperature signals during the test, and acquiring the integrated data of an operation combined with the normal gear when the variable load is exerted on the normal bearing 11; S3. acquiring working condition data of the normal bearing 11 and the gear under a common variable load: simultaneously starting the brake 2 and the loading rod 4 to respectively brake the third gear 23 and exert the variable radial load on the bearing 11; turning on the spray nozzle to spray the heat conduction liquid on the bearing 11; by the working condition machine 18, acquiring the torque, pressure, vibration, and temperature signals during the test, and acquiring integrated data when the variable load is exerted on the normal bearing 11 and the gear simultaneously; S4. acquiring working condition data of a faulty gear combined with the normal bearing 11: replacing any one or more of the first gear 19, the second gear 20, or the third gear 23 in step S3 with a faulty gear; starting the brake 2 to brake the third gear 23, or starting the loading rod 4 to drive to exert the variable radial load on the bearing 11; turning on the spray nozzle to spray the heat conduction liquid on the bearing 11; by the working condition machine 18, acquiring and summarizing the torque, pressure, vibration, and temperature signals during the test, and acquiring the data during common operation when the faulty gear is combined with the normal bearing 11; S5. acquiring working condition data of a faulty bearing 11 combined with the normal gear: replacing the faulty gear which has been replaced in step S4 with the normal gear again; replacing the bearing 11 with a faulty bearing 11; starting the brake 2 to brake the third gear 23, or starting the loading rod 4 to exert the variable radial load on the bearing 11; by the working condition machine 18, acquiring and summarizing the torque, pressure, vibration, and temperature signals during the test, and acquiring the data during the common operation when the faulty gear is combined with the normal bearing 11; S6. testing the gear or bearing 11 with an unknown fault: replacing the faulty bearing 11 which has been replaced in step S5 with the normal bearing 11 again; respectively and correspondingly replacing the gear and/or bearing 11 with the unknown fault with the normal bearing and/or bearing 11; starting the brake 2 to brake the third gear 23, or starting the loading rod 4 to exert the variable radial load on the bearing 11; by the working condition machine 18, acquiring and summarizing the torque, pressure, vibration, and temperature signals during the test, and comparing the torque, pressure, vibration, and temperature signals during the test with the data acquired in the steps Si to S5 to determine a type and a reason of a fault. While various embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it should be understood that they have been presented by way of example only, and not by way of limitation. It will be apparent to a person skilled in the relevant art that various changes in form and detail can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention should not be limited by any of the above described exemplary embodiments. The reference in this specification to any prior publication (or information derived from it), or to any matter which is known, is not, and should not be taken as an acknowledgment or admission or any form of suggestion that that prior publication (or information derived from it) or known matter forms part of the common general knowledge in the field of endeavour to which this specification relates. Throughout this specification and the claims which follow, unless the context requires otherwise, the word "comprise", and variations such as "comprises" and "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated integer or step or group of integers or steps but not the exclusion of any other integer or step or group of integers or steps.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

1. An integrated test device for a gear and a bearing, comprising a bearing, a first gear, a second gear, a third gear, and a sealed box used for accommodating the bearing; the second gear and the third gear are located on two sides of the first gear and are respectively connected with the first gear in an engaged manner; the first gear is in transmission connection with a torque output device; the second gear is coaxially connected with a loading shaft; an end part of the loading shaft extends into the sealed box and is arranged in an inner hole of the bearing in a penetrating manner; a gear shaft of the third gear is connected with a brake; a bearing box seat used for supporting the loading shaft is arranged between the bearing and the second gear; a loading rod which exerts a radial load on an outer wall of the bearing is arranged on an outer wall of the sealed box in the penetrating manner; a spray nozzle for aligning with the bearing to spray a heat conduction liquid, a temperature sensor used for detecting the temperature of the heat conduction liquid after spraying, and a vibration sensor which is pressed against the outer wall of the bearing are arranged in the sealed box.

2. The integrated test device for the gear and the bearing according to claim 1, wherein the vibration sensor comprises a horizontal vibration sensor arranged on a side of the bearing, and a vertical vibration sensor arranged below the bearing.

3. The integrated test device for the gear and the bearing according to claim 2, wherein a pressure sensor used for acquiring a value of the pressure born by the bearing is arranged between the bearing and the loading rod.

4. The integrated test device for the gear and the bearing according to claim 3, wherein the torque output device comprises a servo motor; a motor shaft of the servo motor is in coaxial transmission connection with a gear shaft of the first gear; wherein a torque sensor is arranged between the motor shaft and the gear shaft of the first gear; wherein a supporting bearing which is arranged coaxially with the loading shaft is arranged in the bearing box seat; the supporting bearing is arranged on an outer wall of the loading shaft in a sleeving manner; comprising a gearbox for accommodating the first gear, the second gear, and the third gear, wherein a plurality of rotating bearings are fixed to the interior of the gearbox; gear shafts of the first gear, the second gear, and the third gear are respectively arranged on the corresponding rotating bearings in the penetrating manner; wherein a shaft coupling is connected between the brake and the gear shaft of the third gear; wherein the torque sensor, the vibration sensor, the temperature sensor, and the pressure sensor are jointly and electrically connected to a working condition machine; torque, pressure, vibration, and temperature signals during a test are acquired and summarized by the working condition machine.

5. A test method for the gear and the bearing applying the integrated test device for the gear and the bearing according to claim 4, comprising the following steps: Si. acquiring working condition data of the normal gear under a variable load: correspondingly replacing the first gear, the second gear, the third gear, and the bearing with normal gears and bearing; driving the loading rod to exert a constant radial load on the outer wall of the bearing; starting the torque output device to drive each gear and the bearing to keep normal operation; starting the brake to brake the third gear; turning on the spray nozzle to spray the heat conduction liquid to the bearing; acquiring and summarizing the torque, pressure, vibration and temperature signals during the test by the working condition machine; S2. acquiring working condition data of a normal bearing under a variable load: shutting down the brake; keeping the third gear in a normal working state; starting the loading rod to exert a variable radial load on the bearing; turning on the spray nozzle to spray the heat conduction liquid to the bearing; acquiring and summarizing the torque, pressure, vibration, and temperature signals during the test by the working condition machine; S3. acquiring working condition data of the normal bearing and gear under a common variable load: simultaneously starting the brake and the loading rod to respectively brake the third gear and exert a variable radial load on the bearing; turning on the spray nozzle to spray the heat conduction liquid on the bearing; acquiring and summarizing the torque, pressure, vibration, and temperature signals during the test by the working condition machine; S4. acquiring working condition data of a faulty gear combined with the normal bearing: replacing any one or more of the first gear, the second gear, or the third gear in the step S3 with a faulty gear; starting the brake to brake the third gear, or starting the loading rod to drive to exert the variable radial load on the bearing; turning on the spray nozzle to spray the heat conduction liquid on the bearing; acquiring and summarizing the torque, pressure, vibration, and temperature signals during the test by the working condition machine; S5. acquiring working condition data of a faulty bearing combined with the normal gear: replacing the faulty gear which has been replaced in the step S4 with the normal gear again; replacing the bearing with the faulty bearing; starting the brake to brake the third gear, or starting the loading rod to exert the variable radial load on the bearing; acquiring and summarizing the torque, pressure, vibration, and temperature signals during the test by the working condition machine; S6. testing the gear or bearing with an unknown fault: replacing the faulty bearing which has been replaced in the step S5 with the normal bearing again; respectively and correspondingly replacing the gear and/or bearing with the unknown fault with the normal bearing and/or bearing; starting the brake to brake the third gear, or starting the loading rod to exert the variable radial load on the bearing; acquiring and summarizing the torque, pressure, vibration, and temperature signals during the test by the working condition machine, and comparing the torque, pressure, vibration, and temperature signals during the test with the data acquired in the steps Sl to S5 to determine a type and a reason of a fault.