Abstract
Host–pathogen interaction and crosstalk are very crucial to study disease susceptibility and resistance. Various susceptibility genes (S-genes) have been reported and studied for understanding the mechanism of disease development in plants. Developing disease resistance using modern techniques is dependent on a comprehensive understanding of the role of susceptibility genes in disease development. By disrupting susceptibility genes in the host, resistance has been developed in rice, tomato, pepper, and many other plants. More precisely, in the case of bacterial blight, effector-binding elements (EBE) in the promoter region of the S-gene are important targets to restrict bacterial transcription factor proteins from S-gene activation. Identification of S-genes along with R-genes is very important for building the foundation of third-generation disease resistance in plants.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abdul-Razzak A, Guiraud T, Peypelut M, Walter J, Houvenaghel MC (2009) Involvement of the cylindrical inclusion (CI) protein in the overcoming of an eIF4E-mediated resistance against lettuce mosaic potyvirus. Mol Plant Pathol 10:109–113
Ayme V, Souche S, Caranta C, Jacquemond M, Chadoeuf J (2006) Different mutations in the genome-linked protein VPg of potato virus Y confer virulence on the pvr23 resistance in pepper. Mol Plant-Microbe Interact 19:557–563
Barbary A, Palloix A, Fazari A, Marteu N, Castagnone-Sereno P, Djian-Caporalino C (2013) The plant genetic background affects the efficiency of the pepper major nematode resistance genes Me1 and Me3. Theor Appl Genet 127:499–507
Bauer AW, Perry DM, Kirby WM (1959) Single-disk antibiotic-sensitivity testing of staphylococci: an analysis of technique and results. AMA Arch Intern Med 104:208–216
Bell SM (1975) The CDS disc method of antibiotic sensitivity testing (calibrated dichotomous sensitivity test). Pathology 7:1–48
Brun H, Chèvre AM, Fitt BD, Powers S, Besnard AL, Ermel M, Andrivon D (2010) Quantitative resistance increases the durability of qualitative resistance to Leptosphaeria maculans in Brassica napus. New Phytol 185(1):285–299
Charron C, Nicolai M, Gallois JL, Robaglia C, Moury B et al (2008) Natural variation and functional analyses provide evidence for co-evolution between plant eIF4E and potyviral VPg. Plant J 54:56–68
Chen B, Jiang JH, Zhou XP (2007) A TOM1 homologue is required for multiplication of tobacco mosaic virus in Nicotiana benthamiana. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 8:256–259
Cook AA (1961) A mutation for resistance to potato virus Y in pepper. Phytopathology 51:550–552
Eckardt NA (2002) Plant disease susceptibility genes. Plant Cell 14:1983–1986
Gallois JL, Charron C, Sanchez F, Pagny G, Houvenaghel MC (2010) Single amino acid changes in the turnip mosaic virus viral genome-linked protein (VPg) confer virulence towards Arabidopsis thaliana mutants knocked out for eukaryotic initiation factors eIF(iso)4E and eIF(iso)4G. J Gen Virol 91:288–293
Garcia-Ruiz H (2018) Susceptibility genes to plant viruses. Viruses 10:484
Garrod LP, Waterworth PM (1971) A study of antibiotic sensitivity testing with proposals for simple uniform methods. J Clin Pathol 24:779–789
Gloyn AL, Braun M, Rorsman P (2009) Type 2 diabetes susceptibility gene TCF7L2 and its role in β-cell function. Diabetes 58:800–802
Greenberg JT, Yao N (2004) The role and regulation of programmed cell death in plant–pathogen interactions. Cell Microbiol 6:201–211
Jorgensen JH (1992) Discovery, characterization and exploitation of Mlo powdery mildew resistance in barley. Euphytica 63:141–152
Kim HJ, Lee HR, Jo KR, Mortazavian SM, Huigen DJ, Evenhuis B, Vossen JH (2012) Broad spectrum late blight resistance in potato differential set plants MaR8 and MaR9 is conferred by multiple stacked R genes. Theor Appl Genet 124:923–935
Kwiatkowski D (2000) Susceptibility to infection. BMJ 321:1061–1065
Leach JE, Vera Cruz CM, Bai J, Leung H (2001) Pathogen fitness penalty as a predictor of durability of disease resistance genes. Annu Rev Phytopathol 39:187–224
Masuta C, Nishimura M, Morishita H, Hataya T (1999) A single amino acid change in viral genome- associated protein of potato virus y correlates with resistance breaking in “virgin a mutant” tobacco. Phytopathology 89:118–123
McCarthy MI (2004) Progress in defining the molecular basis of type 2 diabetes mellitus through susceptibility-gene identification. Hum Mol Genet 13:33–41
McDonald BA, Linde C (2002) Pathogen population genetics, evolutionary potential, and durable resistance. Annu Rev Phytopathol 40:349–379
McGee RB, Nichols KE (2016) Introduction to cancer genetic susceptibility syndromes. In: Hematology 2014, the American Society of Hematology Education Program Book, pp 293–301
Moury B, Verdin E (2012) Viruses of pepper crops in the Mediterranean basin: a remarkable stasis. Adv Virus Res 84:127–162
Moury B, Morel C, Johansen E, Guilbaud L, Souche S et al (2004) Mutations in potato virus Y genome- linked protein determine virulence toward recessive resistances in Capsicum annuum and Lycopersicon hirsutum. Mol Plant-Microbe Interact 17:322–329
Moury B, Charron C, Janzac B, Simon V, Gallois JL (2014) Evolution of plant eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) and potyvirus genome-linked viral protein (VPg): a game of mirrors impacting resistance spectrum and durability. Infect Genet Evol 27:472–480
Naik K, Mishra S, Srichandan H, Singh PK, Sarangi PK (2019) Plant growth promoting microbes: potential link to sustainable agriculture and environment. Biocatal Agric Biotechnol 21:1878–8181
Palloix A, Ayme V, Moury B (2009) Durability of plant major resistance genes to pathogens depends on the genetic background, experimental evidence and consequences for breeding strategies. New Phytol 183:190–199
Peng A, Chen S, Lei T, Xu L, He Y, Wu L, Zou X (2017) Engineering canker-resistant plants through CRISPR/Cas9-targeted editing of the susceptibility gene Cs LOB 1 promoter in citrus. Plant Biotechnol J 15:1509–1519
Radakovic ZS, Anjam MS, Escobar E, Chopra D, Cabrera J, Silva AC, Siddique S (2018) Arabidopsis HIPP27 is a host susceptibility gene for the beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii. Mol Plant Pathol 19:1917–1928
Ravensdale M, Nemri A, Thrall PH, Ellis JG, Dodds PN (2011) Co-evolutionary interactions between host resistance and pathogen effector genes in flax rust disease. Mol Plant Pathol 12:93–10
Rep M, Kistler HC (2010) The genomic organization of plant pathogenicity in Fusarium species. Curr Opin Plant Biol 13:420–426
Schulze S, Kay S, Büttner D, Egler M, Eschen-Lippold L, Hause G, Bonas U (2012) Analysis of new type III effectors from Xanthomonas uncovers XopB and XopS as suppressors of plant immunity. New Phytol 195:894–911
Spanu PD, Abbott JC, Amselem J, Burgis TA, Soanes DM, Stuber K, van Themaat EVL, Brown JKM, Butcher SA, Gurr SJ et al (2010) Genome expansion and gene loss in powdery mildew fungi reveal tradeoffs in extreme parasitism. Science 330:1543–1546
St. Clair DA (2010) Quantitative disease resistance and quantitative resistance loci in breeding. Annu Rev Phytopathol 48:247–268
Thaler JS, Owen B, Higgins VJ (2004) The role of the jasmonate response in plant susceptibility to diverse pathogens with a range of lifestyles. Plant Physiol 135:530–538
Truniger V, Aranda MA (2009) Recessive resistance to plant viruses. Adv Virus Res 75:119–159
Underwood W, Melotto M, He SY (2007) Role of plant stomata in bacterial invasion. Cell Microbiol 9:1621–1629
van Schie CC, Takken FL (2014) Susceptibility genes 101: how to be a good host. Annu Rev Phytopathol 52:551–581
Vleeshouwers VG, Raffaele S, Vossen JH, Champouret N, Oliva R, Segretin ME, Kamoun S (2011) Understanding and exploiting late blight resistance in the age of effectors. Annu Rev Phytopathol 49:507–531
Vogel JP, Raab TK, Schiff C, Somerville SC (2002) PMR6, a pectate lyase-like gene required for powdery mildew susceptibility in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 14:2095–2106
Wang Y, Dang F, Liu Z, Wang X, Eulgem T, Lai Y, He S (2013) CaWRKY58, encoding a group I WRKY transcription factor of Capsicum annuum, negatively regulates resistance to Ralstonia solanacearum infection. Mol Plant Pathol 14:131–144
Wittmann S, Chatel H, Fortin MG, Laliberte JF (1997) Interaction of the viral protein genome linked of turnip mosaic potyvirus with the translational eukaryotic initiation factor (iso) 4E of Arabidopsis thaliana using the yeast two-hybrid system. Virology 234:84–92
Wulff BB, Chakrabarti A, Jones DA (2009) Recognitional specificity and evolution in the tomato–Cladosporium fulvum pathosystem. Mol. Plant Microbe Interact 22:1191–1202
Zaidi SSEA, Mukhtar MS, Mansoor S (2018) Genome editing: targeting susceptibility genes for plant disease resistance. Trends Biotechnol 36(9):898–906
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Asad, Z., Siddique, M., Ashfaq, M., Khan, Z. (2022). Identification of a New Susceptibility Gene and Its Role in Plant Immunity. In: Abd-Elsalam, K.A., Mohamed, H.I. (eds) Cereal Diseases: Nanobiotechnological Approaches for Diagnosis and Management. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3120-8_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3120-8_7
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-19-3119-2
Online ISBN: 978-981-19-3120-8
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)