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Alternative Market Structures for Derivatives

Author

Listed:
  • Sohnke M. Bartram

    (Lancaster University)

  • Frank R. Fehle

    (University of South Carolina)

Abstract
In this paper, we compare option contracts from a traditional derivatives exchange to bank-issued options, also referred to as covered warrants, whose markets have grown rapidly around the world in recent years. While bank-issued option markets and traditional derivatives exchanges exhibit significant structural differences such as the absence of a central counterparty for bank-issued options, they frequently exist side-by-side, and the empirical evidence shows that there is significant overlap in their product offerings. We examine trading costs and liquidity in both markets and find that bank-issued options have smaller quoted percentage bid-ask spreads than traditional option contracts by an average of 4.3%. The bid-ask spread difference manifests itself in a highly regular fashion in that ask (bid) prices for bank-issued options are consistently higher than comparable ask (bid) prices for traditional option contracts. The difference of the bid prices is larger than the difference of the ask prices resulting in smaller bid-ask spreads for bank-issued options. The empirical analysis also indicates that bid-ask spreads in either market are lowered by competition from the other market. We present a potential explanation for the co-existence of the two market structures which suggests that the bank-issued option market caters more towards retail investors with predominantly speculative motives while traditional derivatives exchanges may cater more towards institutional investors with predominantly hedging motives.

Suggested Citation

  • Sohnke M. Bartram & Frank R. Fehle, 2003. "Alternative Market Structures for Derivatives," Finance 0311007, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 12 Dec 2003.
    • Handle: RePEc:wpa:wuwpfi:0311007
    Note: Type of Document - PDF; prepared on IBM PC; pages: 47
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    File URL: https://econwpa.ub.uni-muenchen.de/econ-wp/fin/papers/0311/0311007.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Dietmar P.J. Leisen and Kenneth L. Judd, 2001. "A Partial Equilibrium Model of Option Markets," Computing in Economics and Finance 2001 219, Society for Computational Economics.
    2. Ter Horst, J.R. & Veld, C.H., 2002. "Behavioral Preferences for Individual Securities : The Case for Call Warrants and Call Options," Other publications TiSEM 06981751-3bba-4b81-ac6d-7, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
    3. Robert C. Merton, 2005. "Theory of rational option pricing," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Sudipto Bhattacharya & George M Constantinides (ed.), Theory Of Valuation, chapter 8, pages 229-288, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
    4. Young-Hye Cho & Robert F. Engle, 1999. "Modeling the Impacts of Market Activity on Bid-Ask Spreads in the Option Market," NBER Working Papers 7331, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    5. Goldreich, David & Hanke, Bernd & Nath, Purnendu, 2003. "The Price of Future Liquidity: Time-Varying Liquidity in the US Treasury Market," CEPR Discussion Papers 3900, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    6. Franke, Günter & Weber, Martin, 2001. "Heterogeneity of Investors and Asset Pricing in a Risk-Value World," CoFE Discussion Papers 01/08, University of Konstanz, Center of Finance and Econometrics (CoFE).
    7. Franke, Gunter & Stapleton, Richard C. & Subrahmanyam, Marti G., 1998. "Who Buys and Who Sells Options: The Role of Options in an Economy with Background Risk," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 82(1), pages 89-109, September.
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Koch, Alexander K. & Lazarov, Zdravetz, 2007. "The Trade-Off Between Liquidity and Precision of Position in Option Contracts," Review of Applied Economics, Lincoln University, Department of Financial and Business Systems, vol. 3(1-2), pages 1-24.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Options; Market Design; Microstructure; Bid-Ask Spreads;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G10 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - General (includes Measurement and Data)
    • G13 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Contingent Pricing; Futures Pricing

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