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The Gender Pay Gap: Micro Sources and Macro Consequences

Author

Listed:
  • Morchio, Iacopo

    (University of Bristol)

  • Moser, Christian

    (Columbia University)

Abstract
Using linked employer-employee data from Brazil, we document a large gender pay gap due to women working at lower-paying employers with better nonpay attributes. To interpret these facts, we develop an equilibrium search model with endogenous firm pay, amenities, and hiring. We provide a constructive proof of identification of all model parameters. The estimated model suggests that amenities are important for both men and women, that compensating differentials explain half of the gender pay gap, and that there are significant output and welfare gains from eliminating gender differences. However, equal-treatment policies fail to achieve those gains.

Suggested Citation

  • Morchio, Iacopo & Moser, Christian, 2023. "The Gender Pay Gap: Micro Sources and Macro Consequences," IZA Discussion Papers 16409, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    • Handle: RePEc:iza:izadps:dp16409
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    wage inequality; amenities; equilibrium search model; linked employer-employee data; compensating differentials; taste-based discrimination; monopsony power;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E24 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution; Aggregate Human Capital; Aggregate Labor Productivity
    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials
    • J32 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Nonwage Labor Costs and Benefits; Retirement Plans; Private Pensions

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