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Diversity and Employment Prospects: Neighbors Matter!

Author

Listed:
  • Hémet, Camille
  • Malgouyres, Clément
Abstract
This paper aims at determining whether and how the level of origins' diversity of a community affects its members' employment prospects. Relying on detailed data from the French Labor Force Survey, we measure diversity at two geographic levels: the neighborhood and the local labor market. The correlation between diversity and employment varies accordingly: it is negative at the former level but positive at the latter level. We then tackle the endogenous location selection issue in two ways. First, we rely on a standard instrumental variable approach to deal with diversity at the local labor market level, and propose a new instrument: diversity in the public housing sector. After correcting for endogeneity, the positive effect of diversity at this level is driven down to zero, revealing that it was mostly due to self-selection. Second, regarding neighborhood diversity, we adopt the strategy developed by Bayer, Ross and Topa (2008) which takes advantage of the very precise localization of the data. The negative effect of diversity on employment at the neighborhood level is reinforced. We also show that diversity in terms of nationalities (a proxy for cultural diversity) matters more than diversity based on parents' origins (a proxy for ethnic diversity). These results reveal that local diversity may act as a barrier to communication, preventing job information transmission, and hence reducing employment prospects.

Suggested Citation

  • Hémet, Camille & Malgouyres, Clément, 2016. "Diversity and Employment Prospects: Neighbors Matter!," CEPR Discussion Papers 11396, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    • Handle: RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:11396
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    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Chareyron, Sylvain & Chung, Amélie & Domingues, Patrick, 2021. "Ethnic diversity and educational success: Evidence from France," Research in Economics, Elsevier, vol. 75(2), pages 133-143.
    2. Alexander M. Danzer & Carsten Feuerbaum & Marc Piopiunik & Ludger Woessmann, 2022. "Growing up in ethnic enclaves: language proficiency and educational attainment of immigrant children," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 35(3), pages 1297-1344, July.
    3. Zenou, Yves & Biavaschi, Costanza & Giulietti, Corrado, 2021. "Social Networks and (Political) Assimilation in the Age of Mass Migration," CEPR Discussion Papers 16182, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    4. Matthieu Solignac & Maxime Tô, 2018. "Do Workers Make Good Neighbours? The Impact of Local Employment on Young Male and Female Entrants to the Labour Market," Annals of Economics and Statistics, GENES, issue 130, pages 167-198.
    5. Sylvain Chareyron & Patrick Domingues & Lucie Fotsa Lieno-Gaillardon, 2021. "Does Social Interaction Matter for Welfare Participation?," Annals of Economics and Statistics, GENES, issue 141, pages 49-70.
    6. Chareyron, Sylvain & L'Horty, Yannick & Mbaye, Souleymane & Petit, Pascale, 2023. "Reducing ethnic discrimination through formal warning: Evidence from two combined field experiments," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 98(C).
    7. ,, 2020. "Unemployment and Crime Victimization: a Local Approach," CEPR Discussion Papers 14947, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    8. Jones, Daniel B. & Zhan, Crystal, 2020. "Ethnic diversity and citizens’ support for local public good provision: Evidence from California parcel tax elections," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 174(C), pages 108-130.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Diversity; Employment; Neighborhood effects;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J15 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Minorities, Races, Indigenous Peoples, and Immigrants; Non-labor Discrimination
    • J60 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - General
    • R23 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Household Analysis - - - Regional Migration; Regional Labor Markets; Population
    • Z13 - Other Special Topics - - Cultural Economics - - - Economic Sociology; Economic Anthropology; Language; Social and Economic Stratification

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