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Comparative Advantage and Optimal Trade Policy

Author

Listed:
  • Donaldson, Dave
  • Costinot, Arnaud
  • Werning, Iván
  • Vogel, Jonathan
Abstract
The theory of comparative advantage is at the core of neoclassical trade theory. Yet we know little about its implications for how nations should conduct their trade policy. For example, should import sectors with weaker comparative advantage be protected more? Conversely, should export sectors with stronger comparative advantage be subsidized less? In this paper we explore these issues in the context of a canonical Ricardian model. Our main results imply that optimal import tariffs should be uniform, whereas optimal export subsidies should be weakly decreasing with respect to comparative advantage, reflecting the fact that countries have more room to manipulate prices in their comparative-advantage sectors. Quantitative exercises suggest substantial gains from such policies relative to simpler tax schedules.

Suggested Citation

  • Donaldson, Dave & Costinot, Arnaud & Werning, Iván & Vogel, Jonathan, 2013. "Comparative Advantage and Optimal Trade Policy," CEPR Discussion Papers 9765, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    • Handle: RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:9765
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Comparative advantage; Ricardian model; Trade policy;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F10 - International Economics - - Trade - - - General
    • F11 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Neoclassical Models of Trade
    • F13 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations

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