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The Wind of Change: Maritime Technology, Trade and Economic Development

Author

Listed:
  • Pascali, Luigi

    (The University of Warwick)

Abstract
The 1870-1913 period marked the birth of the first era of trade globalization. How did this tremendous increase in trade affect economic development? This work isolates a causality channel by exploiting the fact that the steamship produced an asymmetric change in trade distances among countries. Before the invention of the steamship, trade routes depended on wind patterns. The introduction of the steamship in the shipping industry reduced shipping costs and time in a disproportionate manner across countries and trade routes. Using this source of variation and a completely novel set of data on shipping times, trade, and development that spans the great majority of the world between 1850 and 1900, I find that 1) the adoption of the steamship was the major reason for the firrst wave of trade globalization, 2) only a small number of countries that were characterized by more inclusive institutions benefited from globalization, and 3) globalization exerted a negative effect on both urbanization rates and economic development in most other countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Pascali, Luigi, 2014. "The Wind of Change: Maritime Technology, Trade and Economic Development," CAGE Online Working Paper Series 195, Competitive Advantage in the Global Economy (CAGE).
    • Handle: RePEc:cge:wacage:195
    as

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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Steamship; Gravity; Globalization;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F1 - International Economics - - Trade
    • F15 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Economic Integration
    • F43 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - Economic Growth of Open Economies
    • O43 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - Institutions and Growth

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