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Bermuda Bowl

Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas

Bermuda Bowl adalah istilah untuk kejadian dunia tim dalam olahraga bridge. Nama ini diberikan menurut tempat pertama kejuaraan ini diselenggarakan di Bermuda, pada 1950.

Pertandingan ini dimulai sebagai kompetisi antara AS, Eropa dan Britania. Pertandingan pertama pada 1950 itu dimenangi oleh AS. Setelah itu, Bermuda Bowl menjadi acara tahunan antara juara-juara AS dan Eropa. Setelah beberapa waktu, formatnya berubah beberapa kali dan semakin banyak tim yang ikut bertanding.

Saat ini Bermuda Bowl diselenggarakan dua tahun sekali dengan 22 tim yang ikut serta: 7 dari Eropa, 3 dari Amerika Utara, 2 Amerika Selatan, 5 dari Asia, 2 dari Afrika, 1 dari Amerika Tengah dan 2 dari Oseania. Piala Venezia dan Seniors Bowl diselenggarakan pada tempat yang sama dengan format yang serupa.

Kejuaraan 2005 diadakan di Estoril di Portugal dan dimenangi oleh Italia sementara AS 1 menempati tempat kedua dan AS 2 ketiga. Tim Italia yang menang terdiri atas: Norberto Bocchi, Giorgio Duboin, Fulvio Fantoni, Lorenzo Lauria, Claudio Nunes, Alfredo Versace. Kapten tak bermain: Maria Teresa Lavazza. Pelatih: Massimo Ortensi.

Pertandingan-pertandingan yang lalu:

Tahun Tempat Jumlah tim Pemenang/Juara II
1950 Hamilton, Bermuda 3 Amerika Serikat AS
(John Crawford, Charles Goren, George Rapee, Howard Schenken, Sidney Silodor, Samuel Stayman, Julius RosenblumNPC)
Britania Raya Britania Raya
(Leslie Dodds, Nico Gardener, Kenneth Konstam, Joel Tarlo, Louis Tarlo, Maurice Harrison-GrayPC)
1951 Napoli, Italia 2 Amerika Serikat AS
(B. Jay Becker, John Crawford, George Rapee, Howard Schenken, Samuel Stayman, Julius RosenblumNPC)
Italia Italia
(Paolo Baroni, Eugenio Chiaradia, Pietro Forquet, Mario Franco, Augusto Ricci, Guglielmo Siniscalco, Carl' Alberto PerrouxNPC)
1953 New York City, AS 2 Amerika Serikat AS
(B. Jay Becker, John Crawford, Theodore Lightner, George Rapee, Howard Schenken, Samuel Stayman, Joseph CohanNPC)
Swedia Swedia
(Gunnar Anulf, Rudolf Kock, Robert Larsen, Nils-Olaf Lilliehook, Jan Wohlin, Einar WernerPC)
1954 Monte Carlo, Monako 2 Amerika Serikat AS
(Clifford Bishop, Milton Ellenby, Lewis Mathe, Don Oakie, William Rosen, Douglas Steen, Benjamin JohnsonNPC)
Prancis Prancis
(Jacques Amouraben, René Bacherich, Jean Besse - Switzerland, Pierre Ghestem, Marcel Kornblum, Karl Schneider - Austria)
1955 New York City, AS 2 Britania Raya Britania Raya
(Leslie Dodds, Kenneth Konstam, Adam Meredith, Jordanis Pavlides, Terence Reese, Boris Schapiro, Reginald CorwenNPC)
Amerika Serikat AS
(Cliford Bishop, Milton Ellenby, Lewis Mathe, John Moran, William Rosen, Alvin Roth, Peter LeventrittNPC)
1956 Paris, Prancis 2 Prancis Prancis
(René Bacherich, Pierre Ghestem, Pierre Jaïs, Roger Lattes, Bertrand Romanet, Roger Trezel, Robert de NexonNPC)
Amerika Serikat AS
(Myron Field, Charles Goren, Lee Hazen, Richard Kahn, Charles Solomon, Samuel Stayman, Jeff GlickNPC)
1957 New York City, AS 2 Italia Italia
(Massimo d'Alelio, Walter Avarelli, Giorgio Belladonna, Eugenio Chiaradia, Pietro Forquet, Guglielmo Siniscalco, Carl' Alberto PerrouxNPC)
Amerika Serikat AS
(Charles Goren, Boris Koytchou, Peter Leventritt, Harold Ogust, William Seamon, Helen Sobel, Rufus L. Miles Jr.NPC)
1958 Como, Italia 3 Italia Italia
(Massimo d'Alelio, Walter Avarelli, Giorgio Belladonna, Eugenio Chiaradia, Pietro Forquet, Guglielmo Siniscalco, Carl' Alberto PerrouxNPC)
Amerika Serikat AS
(B. Jay Becker, John Crawford, George Rapee, Alvin Roth, Sidney Silodor, Tobias Stone, J.G. RipstraNPC)
1959 New York City, AS 3 Italia Italia
(Massimo d'Alelio, Walter Avarelli, Giorgio Belladonna, Eugenio Chiaradia, Pietro Forquet, Guglielmo Siniscalco, Carl' Alberto PerrouxNPC)
Amerika Serikat AS
(Harry Fishbein, Sam Fry Jr., Leonard Harmon, Lee Hazen, Sidney Lazard, Ivar Stakgold, Charles SolomonNPC)
1961 Buenos Aires, Argentina 4 Italia Italia
(Massimo d'Alelio, Walter Avarelli, Giorgio Belladonna, Eugenio Chiaradia, Pietro Forquet, Benito Garozzo, Carl' Alberto PerrouxNPC)
Amerika SerikatKanada Amerika Utara
(John Gerber, Paul Hodge, Norman Kay, Peter Leventritt, Howard Schenken, Sidney Silodor, Frank WestcottNPC)
1962 New York City, AS 4 Italia Italia
(Massimo d'Alelio, Walter Avarelli, Giorgio Belladonna, Eugenio Chiaradia, Pietro Forquet, Benito Garozzo, Carl' Alberto PerrouxNPC)
Amerika SerikatKanada Amerika Utara
(Charles Coon, Mervin Key, Lewis Mathe, Eric Murray, G. Robert Nail, Ron von der Porten, John GerberNPC)
1963 St. Vincent, Italia 4 Italia Italia
(Massimo d'Alelio, Giorgio Belladonna, Eugenio Chiaradia, Pietro Forquet, Benito Garozzo, Camillo Pabis-Ticci, Carl' Alberto PerrouxNPC)
Amerika SerikatKanada Amerika Utara
(Jim Jacoby, Robert Jordan, Peter Leventritt, G. Robert Nail, Arthur Robinson, Howard Schenken, John GerberNPC)
1965 Buenos Aires, Argentina 4 Italia Italia
(Massimo d'Alelio, Walter Avarelli, Giorgio Belladonna, Pietro Forquet, Benito Garozzo, Camillo Pabis-Ticci, Sergio OsellaNPC)
Amerika SerikatKanada Amerika Utara
(B. Jay Becker, Ivan Erdos, Dorothy Hayden, Peter Leventritt, Kelsey Petterson, Howard Schenken, John Gerber NPC)
1966 St. Vincent, Italia 5 Italia Italia
(Massimo d'Alelio, Walter Avarelli, Giorgio Belladonna, Pietro Forquet, Benito Garozzo, Camillo Pabis-Ticci, Carl' Alberto PerrouxNPC)
Amerika SerikatKanada Amerika Utara
(Phil Feldesman, Bob Hamman, Sami Kehela, Lewis Mathe, Eric Murray, Ira Rubin, Julius RosenblumNPC)
1967 Miami Beach, AS 5 Italia Italia
(Massimo d'Alelio, Walter Avarelli, Giorgio Belladonna, Pietro Forquet, Benito Garozzo, Camillo Pabis-Ticci, Guido BarboneNPC)
Amerika SerikatKanada Amerika Utara
(Edgar Kaplan, Norman Kay, Sami Kehela, Eric Murray, William Root, Alvin Roth, Julius RosenblumNPC)
1969 Rio de Janeiro, Brasil 5 Italia Italia
(Massimo d'Alelio, Walter Avarelli, Giorgio Belladonna, Eugenio Chiaradia, Pietro Forquet, Benito Garozzo, Camillo Pabis-Ticci, Angelo TracanellaNPC)
Republik Tiongkok Taiwan
(Frank Huang, Patrick Huang, C.S. Shen, K.W. Shen, Kovit Suchartkul, Min-Fan Tai, C.C. WeiNPC)
1970 Stockholm, Swedia 5 Amerika SerikatKanada Amerika Utara
(Billy Eisenberg, Bobby Goldman, Bob Hamman, Jim Jacoby, Michael Lawrence, Bobby Wolff, Oswald JacobyNPC)
Republik Tiongkok Taiwan
(Conrad Cheng, Elmer Hsiao, Patrick Huang, Harry Lin, Min-Fan Tai, David MaoNPC)
1971 Taipei, Republik China (Taiwan) 6 Amerika Serikat AS
(Billy Eisenberg, Bobby Goldman, Bob Hamman, Jim Jacoby, Michael Lawrence, Bobby Wolff, Oswald JacobyNPC)
Prancis Prancis
(Jean-Michel Boulenger, Pierre Jaïs, Jean-Marc Roudinesco, Jean-Louis Stoppa, Henri Szwarc, Roger Trezel, René HuniNPC)
1973 Guaruja, Brasil 5 Italia Italia
(Giorgio Belladonna, Benito Bianchi, Pietro Forquet, Giuseppe Garabello, Benito Garozzo, Vito Pittalà, Sandro SalvettiNPC)
Amerika Serikat AS
(Mark Blumenthal, Bobby Goldman, Bob Hamman, Jim Jacoby, Michael Lawrence, Bobby Wolff, Ira G. Corn Jr.NPC)
1974 Venesia, Italia 6 Italia Italia
(Giorgio Belladonna, Benito Bianchi, Dano de Falco, Pietro Forquet, Arturo Franco, Benito Garozzo, Sandro SalvettiNPC)
Amerika Serikat AS
(Mark Blumenthal, Bobby Goldman, Bob Hamman, Sami Kehela, Eric Murray, Bobby Wolff, Ira G. Corn Jr.NPC)
1975 Southampton, Bermuda 5 Italia Italia
(Giorgio Belladonna, Gianfranco Facchini, Arturo Franco, Benito Garozzo, Vito Pittalà, Sergio Zucchelli, Sandro SalvettiNPC)
Amerika Serikat AS
(Billy Eisenberg, Bob Hamman, Edwin Kantar, Paul Soloway, John Swanson, Bobby Wolff, Alfred SheinwoldNPC)
1976 Monte Carlo, Monako 6 Amerika Serikat AS
(Billy Eisenberg, Fred Hamilton, Eric Paulsen, Hugh Ross, Ira Rubin, Paul Soloway, Dan MorseNPC)
Italia Italia
(Giorgio Belladonna, Pietro Forquet, Arturo Franco, Benito Garozzo, Vito Pittalà, Antonio Vivaldi, Sandro SalvettiNPC)
1977 Manila, Filipina 6 Amerika Serikat AS
(Billy Eisenberg, Edwin Kantar, Bob Hamman, Paul Soloway, John Swanson, Bobby Wolff, Roger SternNPC)
Amerika Serikat AS Aces
(Fred Hamilton, Mike Passell, Eric Paulsen, Hugh Ross, Ira Rubin, Ron von der Porten, Jerome SilvermanNPC)
1979 Rio de Janeiro, Brasil 6 Amerika Serikat AS
(Malcolm Brachman, Billy Eisenberg, Bobby Goldman, Edwin Kantar, Mike Passell, Paul Soloway, Ed TheusNPC)
Italia Italia
(Giorgio Belladonna, Dano de Falco, Arturo Franco, Benito Garozzo, Lorenzo Lauria, Vito Pittalà, Sandro SalvettiNPC)
1981 New York, AS 7 Amerika Serikat AS
(Russ Arnold, Robert Levin, Jeff Meckstroth, Bud Reinhold, Eric Rodwell, John Solodar, Tom SandersNPC)
Pakistan Pakistan
(Nishat Abedi, Nisar Ahmed, Munir Ata-Ullah, Jan-e-Alam Fazli, Zia Mahmood, Masood Salim, Sattar CochinwalaNPC)
1983 Stockholm, Swedia 10 Amerika Serikat AS
(Michael Becker, Bob Hamman, Ron Rubin, Alan Sontag, Peter Weichsel, Bobby Wolff, Joe MusumeciNPC)
Italia Italia
(Giorgio Belladonna, Dano de Falco, Arturo Franco, Benito Garozzo, Lorenzo Lauria, Carlo Mosca, Filippo PalmaNPC)
1985 São Paulo, Brasil 10 Amerika Serikat AS
(Bob Hamman, Chip Martel, Peter Pender, Hugh Ross, Lew Stansby, Bobby Wolff, Alfred SheinwoldNPC)
Austria Austria
(Heinrich Berger, Kurt Feichtinger, Jan Fucik, Wolfgang Meinl, Karl Rohan, Franz Terraneo, Franz BarattaNPC)
1987 Ocho Rios, Jamaika 10 Amerika Serikat AS
(Bob Hamman, Michael Lawrence, Chip Martel, Hugh Ross, Lew Stansby, Bobby Wolff, Dan MorseNPC)
Britania Raya Britania Raya
(John Armstrong, Raymond Brock,Jeremy Flint, Tony Forrester, Graham Kirby, Robert Sheehan, Tony PridayNPC)
1989 Perth, Australia 10 Brasil Brasil
(Marcelo Branco, Pedro Paulo Branco, Carlos Camacho, Gabriel Chagas, Ricardo Janz, Roberto de Mello, Pedro Paulo AssumpcãoNPC)
Amerika Serikat AS
(Michael Lawrence, Chip Martel, Peter Pender,Hugh Ross, Lew Stansby, Kit Woolsey, Dan MorseNPC)
1991 Yokohama, Jepang 16 Islandia Eslandia
(Gudmundur Pall Arnarson, Orn Arnthorsson, Jon Baldursson, Gudlaugur Johannsson, Thorlakur Jonsson, Adalsteinn Jorgensen, Bjorn EysteinssonNPC)
Polandia Polandia
(Cezary Balicki, Piotr Gawrys, Krzysztof Lasocki, Krzystof Martens, Marek Szymanowski, Adam Zmudzinski, Andrzej OrlowNPC)
1993 Santiago, Chili 16 Belanda Belanda
(Wubbo de Boer, Peter Jansen, Enri Leufkens, Bauke Muller, Jan Westerhof, Berry Westra, Jaap TrouwborstNPC, Henk SchippersNPC)
Norwegia Norwegia
(Terje Aa, Glenn Grøtheim, Geir Helgemo, Tor Helness, Arild Rasmussen, Jon Sveindal, Runar LillevikNPC)
1995 Beijing, Tiongkok 16 Amerika Serikat AS
(Richard Freeman, Bob Hamman, Jeff Meckstroth, Nick Nickell, Eric Rodwell, Bobby Wolff, Edgar KaplanNPC)
Kanada Kanada
(Boris Baran, Fred Gitelman, Eric Kokish, George Mittelman, Mark Molson, Joey Silver, Irving LitvackNPC)
1997 Hammamet, Tunisia 18 Prancis Prancis
(Paul Chemla, Alain Levy, Christian Mari, Hervé Mouiel, Franck Multon, Michel Perron, Jean-Louis StoppaNPC)
Amerika Serikat AS 2
(Richard Freeman, Bob Hamman, Jeff Meckstroth, Nick Nickell, Eric Rodwell, Bobby Wolff, Walter WalvickNPC)
2000 Southampton, Bermuda 20 Amerika Serikat AS
(Richard Freeman, Bob Hamman, Jeff Meckstroth, Nick Nickell, Eric Rodwell, Paul Soloway, Sidney LazardNPC
Brasil Brasil
(Marcelo Branco, João-Paulo Campos, Gabriel Chagas, Ricardo Janz, Roberto de Mello, Miguel Villas-Boas, Pedro Paulo AssumpcãoNPC)
2001 Paris, Prancis 18 Amerika Serikat AS II
(Kyle Larsen, Chip Martel, Rose Meltzer, Alan Sontag, Lew Stansby, Peter Weichsel, Jan MartelNPC)
Norwegia Norwegia
(Terje Aa, Boye Brogeland, Glenn Grøtheim, Geir Helgemo, Tor Helness, Erik Sælensminde, Einar Asbjørn BrenneNPC)
2003 Monte Carlo, Monako 22 Amerika Serikat AS I
(Richard Freeman, Bob Hamman, Jeff Meckstroth, Nick Nickell, Eric Rodwell, Paul Soloway, Sidney LazardNPC)
Italia Italia
(Norberto Bocchi, Giorgio Duboin, Fulvio Fantoni, Lorenzo Lauria, Claudio Nunes, Alfredo Versace, Maria Teresa LavazzaNPC)
2005 Estoril, Portugal 22 Italia Italia
(Norberto Bocchi, Giorgio Duboin, Fulvio Fantoni, Lorenzo Lauria, Claudio Nunes, Alfredo Versace, Maria Teresa LavazzaNPC)
Amerika Serikat AS I
(Richard Freeman, Bob Hamman, Jeff Meckstroth, Nick Nickell, Eric Rodwell, Paul Soloway, Sidney Lazard NPC)
2007 Shanghai, RRC 22 Norwegia Norwegia
Boye Brogeland, Glenn Grøtheim, Geir Helgemo, Tor Helness, Erik Saelensminde, Ulf Tundal
Amerika Serikat AS I
Steve Garner, George Jacobs, Ralph Katz, Zia Mahmood, Michael Rosenberg, Howard Weinstein

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