Qingyuan, formerly romanized as Tsingyun,[a] is a prefecture-level city in northern Guangdong province, China, on the banks of the Bei or North River. During the 2020 census, its total population was 3,969,473, out of whom 1,738,424 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of urbanized Qingcheng and Qingxin districts.[7] The primary spoken language is Cantonese. Covering 19,015 km2 (7,342 sq mi), Qingyuan is Guangdong's largest prefecture-level division by land area, and it borders Guangzhou and Foshan to the south, Shaoguan to the east and northeast, Zhaoqing to the south and southwest, and Hunan province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region to the north.[1] The urban core is surrounded by mountainous areas but is directly connected with Guangzhou and the Pearl River Delta by Highway 107.
Qingyuan
清远市 | |
|---|---|
 | |
 | |
 Location of Qingyuan in Guangdong | |
  Qingyuan Location in China | |
| Coordinates (Qingyuan municipal government): 23°40′55″N 113°03′22″E / 23.682°N 113.056°E | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Guangdong |
| County-level divisions | 9 |
| Township-level divisions | 53 |
| City seat | Qingcheng District |
| Area | |
| 19,152.9 km2 (7,395.0 sq mi) | |
| • Urban | 3,652.3 km2 (1,410.2 sq mi) |
| • Metro | 3,652.3 km2 (1,410.2 sq mi) |
| Dimensions | |
| • Length | 190 km (120 mi) |
| • Width | 230 km (140 mi) |
| Elevation | 14 m (45 ft) |
| Population (2020 Census[2]) | |
| 3,969,473 | |
| • Density | 210/km2 (540/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 1,738,424 |
| • Urban density | 480/km2 (1,200/sq mi) |
| • Metro | 1,738,424 |
| • Metro density | 480/km2 (1,200/sq mi) |
| GDP[3] | |
| • Prefecture-level city | CN¥ 200.7 billion US$ 31.1 billion |
| • Per capita | CN¥ 50,459 US$ 7,821 |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Area code | 0763 |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-GD-18 |
| Licence plate prefixes | 粤R |
| Major Nationalities | Han, Zhuang and Yao |
| Website | www |
| Qingyuan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 "Qingyuan" in Traditional (top) and Simplified (bottom) Chinese characters | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 清远 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 清遠 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hanyu Pinyin | Qīngyuǎn | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cantonese Yale | Chīngyúhn | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Postal | Tsingyun | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Literal meaning | Clear-&-Distant | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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History
editQingyuan was a prefecture during Northern and Southern dynasties. However, the administration status of Qingyuan was downgraded to a county in the tenth year of the Kaihuang Era of the Sui dynasty (A.D. 590). Since then, until the formation of the Republic of China in 1911, Qingyuan was governed by Guangzhou prefecture (廣州府).
Under the Qing, the area was known as Qingyuan County.[6] It was later promoted to prefecture-level city status.
Geography
editQingyuan's administrative area ranges in latitude from 23° 26' 56" to 25° 11' 40" N, and in longitude from 111° 55' 17" to 113° 55' 34" E;[1] its urban area is located just north of the Tropic of Cancer, about 60 km (37 mi) from the urban area of Guangzhou and 200 km (120 mi) from both Hong Kong and Macau. Its area of over 19,000 km2 (7,300 sq mi) accounts for 10.6% of the total provincial area.[1] Qingyuan contains part of the southern Nan Ling, and more than half of the area is mountainous, and elevations increase from southeast to northwest. Bordering prefectures are Guangzhou and Foshan to the southeast, Zhaoqing to the southwest, Shaoguan to the north and northeast, Hezhou (Guangxi) to the west, and Yongzhou and Chenzhou (Hunan) to the north.[1]
Qingyuan has a monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate, with an average annual temperature of 20.7 °C (69.3 °F), 1,900 mm (75 in) of rainfall, 1662.2 hours of sunshine, and a frost-free period of 314.4 days.[8]
Economy
editQingyuan is a major economic and transportation hub. The Beijing–Guangzhou Railway, National Highways 106 and 107, and the Bei or North River cross through the city. The maritime infrastructure in Qingyuan plays a vital role in transporting goods to other regional centers in Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macao. The major ports are Qingyuan Port, Yingde Port, Lianzhou Port and Yangshan Port.
Demographics
editAccording to the 2010 Census, Qingyuan has a population of 3,698,394 inhabitants,[9] 550,715 more than in 2000 (an annual growth rate of 1.63%). Han Chinese comprise over 95% of the entire population, while there are some areas inhabited by the Zhuang and Yao minorities.
Notable people
editAttractions
editQingyuan's attractions include Niuyuzui, Feilai Temple, Feixia Scenic Spots, Baojing Palace of Yingde, Taihe Ancient Cave of Qingxin, Sankeng Hot Spring in Qingxin County, Huanghua Lake in Fogang, Little Biejiang of Lianyang, Peak Shikengkong in Yangshan County, Underground River of Lianzhou, Huangteng Gorge, Three Gorges of Huangchuan and Yinzhan Hot Springs.
Administration
editThe provincial and municipal administration is located in Qingcheng District. It oversees one other district, two county-level cities, four counties, and one economic development district.
| Map | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Simplified Chinese | Hanyu Pinyin | Population (2010 census) |
Area (km2) |
Density (/km2) |
| Qingcheng District | 清城区 | Qīngchéng Qū | 811,233 | 927.22 | 875 |
| Qingxin District | 清新区 | Qīngxīn Qū | 698,811 | 2,725.07 | 256 |
| Fogang County | 佛冈县 | Fógāng Xiàn | 302,906 | 1,292.92 | 234 |
| Yangshan County | 阳山县 | Yángshān Xiàn | 356,095 | 3,418.37 | 104 |
| Lianshan Zhuang and Yao Autonomous County |
连山壮族 瑶族自治县 |
Liánshān Zhuàngzú Yáozú Zìzhìxiàn |
90,515 | 1,164.84 | 78 |
| Liannan Yao Autonomous County |
连南瑶族 自治县 |
Liánnán Yáozú Zìzhìxiàn |
129,258 | 1,239.38 | 100 |
| Yingde | 英德市 | Yīngdé Shì | 941,952 | 5,671.02 | 166 |
| Lianzhou | 连州市 | Liánzhōu Shì | 367,642 | 2,664.09 | 138 |
Climate
edit| Climate data for Qingyuan (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 28.6 (83.5) |
30.0 (86.0) |
33.4 (92.1) |
33.5 (92.3) |
35.0 (95.0) |
38.1 (100.6) |
39.0 (102.2) |
38.7 (101.7) |
38.2 (100.8) |
36.4 (97.5) |
33.2 (91.8) |
28.7 (83.7) |
39.0 (102.2) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 17.5 (63.5) |
18.9 (66.0) |
21.0 (69.8) |
25.7 (78.3) |
29.7 (85.5) |
31.9 (89.4) |
33.4 (92.1) |
33.4 (92.1) |
32.0 (89.6) |
29.0 (84.2) |
24.7 (76.5) |
19.8 (67.6) |
26.4 (79.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 13.1 (55.6) |
14.9 (58.8) |
17.5 (63.5) |
22.1 (71.8) |
25.7 (78.3) |
27.8 (82.0) |
28.9 (84.0) |
28.8 (83.8) |
27.4 (81.3) |
24.3 (75.7) |
19.8 (67.6) |
15.0 (59.0) |
22.1 (71.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 10.2 (50.4) |
12.1 (53.8) |
14.9 (58.8) |
19.4 (66.9) |
22.8 (73.0) |
24.9 (76.8) |
25.7 (78.3) |
25.6 (78.1) |
24.2 (75.6) |
20.9 (69.6) |
16.3 (61.3) |
11.7 (53.1) |
19.1 (66.3) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 1.5 (34.7) |
2.1 (35.8) |
2.8 (37.0) |
8.7 (47.7) |
13.9 (57.0) |
18.8 (65.8) |
21.9 (71.4) |
21.8 (71.2) |
15.5 (59.9) |
10.2 (50.4) |
4.6 (40.3) |
1.1 (34.0) |
1.1 (34.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 59.0 (2.32) |
61.3 (2.41) |
144.6 (5.69) |
227.1 (8.94) |
348.9 (13.74) |
397.0 (15.63) |
259.8 (10.23) |
238.7 (9.40) |
146.5 (5.77) |
59.1 (2.33) |
50.9 (2.00) |
43.7 (1.72) |
2,036.6 (80.18) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 9.2 | 11.6 | 18.5 | 18.0 | 19.9 | 20.3 | 18.0 | 16.5 | 11.6 | 5.3 | 6.8 | 6.2 | 161.9 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 70 | 75 | 81 | 82 | 82 | 84 | 81 | 80 | 76 | 67 | 67 | 64 | 76 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 105.6 | 76.6 | 60.0 | 69.9 | 109.1 | 133.1 | 193.3 | 196.6 | 198.7 | 201.9 | 167.2 | 152.3 | 1,664.3 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 31 | 24 | 16 | 18 | 26 | 33 | 47 | 49 | 54 | 57 | 51 | 46 | 38 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration[10][11] | |||||||||||||
Transportation
editQingyuan is served by Qingyuan railway station, opened in 2009 on the Wuhan–Guangzhou high-speed railway. It is located some distance east of the city.
Qingyuan Maglev is expected to open in December 2020.
Notes
editReferences
editCitations
edit- ^ a b c d e 清远概况 (in Simplified Chinese). Qingyuan People's Government. Retrieved 31 May 2018.
- ^ "China: Guăngdōng (Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map".
- ^ 广东省统计局、国家统计局广东调查总队 (August 2016). 《广东统计年鉴－2016》. 中国统计出版社. ISBN 978-7-5037-7837-7. Archived from the original on 2017-12-22.
- ^ Baynes, T. S., ed. (1878), , Encyclopædia Britannica, vol. 5 (9th ed.), New York: Charles Scribner's Sons
- ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. XV (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
- ^ a b Gutzlaff (1838), p. 564.
- ^ "China: Guăngdōng (Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map".
- ^ 清远 - 气象数据 -中国天气网 (in Simplified Chinese). Weather China. Retrieved 2012-07-18.
- ^ (in Chinese) Compilation by LianXin website. Data from the Sixth National Population Census of the People's Republic of China Archived April 6, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 28 May 2023.
- ^ "Experience Template" 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 28 May 2023.