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-cus

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: cus, CUs, cuś, and čus

Latin

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Etymology

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    From Proto-Italic *-kos, from Proto-Indo-European *-kos, *-ḱos. Cognate with Ancient Greek -κός (-kós), Proto-Germanic *-gaz, Sanskrit -शस (-śasa) and Proto-Slavic *-kъ.

    PIE *-ko- on noun stems carried the meaning 'characteristic of, like, typical, pertaining to', and on adjectival stems it acted emphatically.

    Pronunciation

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    Suffix

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    -cus (feminine -ca, neuter -cum); first/second-declension suffix

    1. suffixed to nouns, forms adjectives
      juvenis + -cusjuvencus
      Mārs + -cusMār(t)cus
      ravis + -cusraucus

    This suffix survives in inherited forms and became productive through its derivations (cf. infra) by metanalysis.

    Declension

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    First/second-declension adjective.

    singular plural
    masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
    nominative -cus -ca -cum -cī -cae -ca
    genitive -cī -cae -cī -cōrum -cārum -cōrum
    dative -cō -cae -cō -cīs
    accusative -cum -cam -cum -cōs -cās -ca
    ablative -cō -cā -cō -cīs
    vocative -ce -ca -cum -cī -cae -ca

    Derived terms

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    References

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