More Web Proxy on the site http://driver.im/

research-article

Looking glass: a field study on noticing interactivity of a shop window

Authors:

Michael Nischt,

Florian AltAuthors Info & Claims

CHI '12: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Pages 297 - 306

https://doi.org/10.1145/2207676.2207718

Published: 05 May 2012 Publication History

Abstract

In this paper we present our findings from a lab and a field study investigating how passers-by notice the interactivity of public displays. We designed an interactive installation that uses visual feedback to the incidental movements of passers-by to communicate its interactivity. The lab study reveals: (1) Mirrored user silhouettes and images are more effective than avatar-like representations. (2) It takes time to notice the interactivity (approx. 1.2s). In the field study, three displays were installed during three weeks in shop windows, and data about 502 interaction sessions were collected. Our observations show: (1) Significantly more passers-by interact when immediately showing the mirrored user image (+90%) or silhouette (+47%) compared to a traditional attract sequence with call-to-action. (2) Passers-by often notice interactivity late and have to walk back to interact (the landing effect). (3) If somebody is already interacting, others begin interaction behind the ones already interacting, forming multiple rows (the honeypot effect). Our findings can be used to design public display applications and shop windows that more effectively communicate interactivity to passers-by.

Supplementary Material

MP4 File (paperfile1126-3.mp4)

Supplemental video for “Looking glass: a field study on noticing interactivity of a shop window”

Download
39.79 MB

References

[1]

Brignull, H., and Rogers, Y. Enticing people to interact with large public displays in public spaces. In Proc. of INTERACT '03 (2003), 17--24.

[2]

Cutting, J. E., and Kozlowski, L. T. Recognizing friends by their walk: Gait perception without familiarity cues. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 9, 5 (1977), 353--356.

[3]

Dix, A., Finlay, J. E., Abowd, G. D., and Beale, R. Human-Computer Interaction (3rd Edition). Prentice-Hall, Inc., 2003.

Digital Library

[4]

Gallup, JR., G. G. Chimpanzees: Self-recognition. Science 167, 3914 (1970), 86--87.

[5]

Heikenfeld, J., Drzaic, P., Yeo, J.-S., and Koch, T. A critical review of the present and future prospects for electronic paper. Journal of the Society for Information Display 19, 2 (2011), 129--156.

[6]

Hilliges, O., Izadi, S., Wilson, A. D., Hodges, S., Garcia-Mendoza, A., and Butz, A. Interactions in the air: adding further depth to interactive tabletops. In Proc. of UIST '09, A. D. Wilson and F. Guimbretière, Eds., ACM (2009), 139--148.

Digital Library

[7]

Hinrichs, U., and Carpendale, S. Gestures in the wild: studying multi-touch gesture sequences on interactive tabletop exhibits. In Proc. of CHI '11, ACM (New York, NY, USA, 2011), 3023--3032.

Digital Library

[8]

Huang, E., Koster, A., and Borchers, J. Overcoming assumptions and uncovering practices: When does the public really look at public displays? In Proc. of Pervasive '08. Springer, 2008, 228--243.

Digital Library

[9]

Jacucci, G., Morrison, A., Richard, G. T., Kleimola, J., Peltonen, P., Parisi, L., and Laitinen, T. Worlds of information: designing for engagement at a public multi-touch display. In Proc. of CHI '10, ACM (New York, NY, USA, 2010), 2267--2276.

Digital Library

[10]

Jeannerod, M. The mechanism of self-recognition in humans. Behavioural Brain Research 142, 1-2 (2003), 1--15.

[11]

Ju, W., and Sirkin, D. Animate objects: How physical motion encourages public interaction. In PERSUASIVE'10 (2010), 40--51.

Digital Library

[12]

Kozlowski, L. T., and Cutting, J. E. Recognizing the sex of a walker from a dynamic point-light display. Perception Psychophysics 21, 6 (1977), 575--580.

[13]

Krueger, M. W. Artificial reality II. Addison-Wesley, 1991.

[14]

Kules, B., Kang, H., Plaisant, C., Rose, A., and Shneiderman, B. Immediate usability: a case study of public access design for a community photo library. Interacting with Computers 16, 6 (2004), 1171--1193.

[15]

Landis, J. R., and Koch, G. G. The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics 33, 1 (1977), 159--174.

[16]

Marshall, P., Morris, R., Rogers, Y., Kreitmayer, S., and Davies, M. Rethinking "multi-user": an in-the-wild study of how groups approach a walk-up-and-use tabletop interface. In Proc. of CHI '11 (2011), 3033--3042.

Digital Library

[17]

Michelis, D., and Mueller, J. The audience funnel. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction (2010).

[18]

Mitchell, R. W. Mental models of mirror-self-recognition: Two theories. New Ideas in Psychology 11, 3 (1993), 295--325.

[19]

Müller, J., Alt, F., Michelis, D., and Schmidt, A. Requirements and design space for interactive public displays. In Proc. of ACM Multimedia '10, ACM (New York, NY, USA, 2010), 1285--1294.

Digital Library

[20]

Norman, D. A. Affordance, conventions, and design. interactions 6 (May 1999), 38--43.

Digital Library

[21]

Norman, D. A. The way i see it: Signifiers, not affordances. interactions 15 (November 2008), 18--19.

Digital Library

[22]

Peltonen, P., Kurvinen, E., Salovaara, A., Jacucci, G., Ilmonen, T., Evans, J., Oulasvirta, A., and Saarikko, P. It's mine, don't touch!: interactions at a large multi-touch display in a city centre. In Proc. of CHI '08, ACM (New York, NY, USA, 2008), 1285--1294.

Digital Library

[23]

Reeves, S., Benford, S., O'Malley, C., and Fraser, M. Designing the spectator experience. In Proc. of CHI '05, ACM (New York, NY, USA, 2005), 741--750.

Digital Library

[24]

Schmidt, A. Implicit human computer interaction through context. Personal and Ubiquitous Computing 4, 2/3 (2000), 191--199.

[25]

Scholl, B. J., and Tremoulet, P. D. Perceptual causality and animacy. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 4, 8 (2000), 299--309.

[26]

Shoemaker, G., Tang, A., and Booth, K. S. Shadow reaching: a new perspective on interaction for large displays. In Proc. of UIST '07, ACM (New York, NY, USA, 2007), 53--56.

Digital Library

[27]

Wilson, M. Perceiving imitatible stimuli: Consequences of isomorphism between input and output. Psychological Bulletin 127, 4 (2001), 543--553.

Cited By

Tanaka KOkafuji YIwamoto T(2024)Popping-Up Poster: A Pin-Based Promotional Poster Device for Engaging Customers through Physical Shape TransformationProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/36981388:ISS(283-300)Online publication date: 24-Oct-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3698138
Pelikan HReeves SCantarutti MGrollman DBroadbent EJu WSoh HWilliams T(2024)Encountering Autonomous Robots on Public StreetsProceedings of the 2024 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction10.1145/3610977.3634936(561-571)Online publication date: 11-Mar-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3610977.3634936
Lou XFu LSong XMa MHansen PZhao YDuan Y(2023)An Integrated Application of Motion Sensing and Eye Movement Tracking Techniques in Perceiving User Behaviors in a Large Display InteractionMachines10.3390/machines1101007311:1(73)Online publication date: 6-Jan-2023
https://doi.org/10.3390/machines11010073
Show More Cited By

Index Terms

Looking glass: a field study on noticing interactivity of a shop window
1. Information systems
  1. Information systems applications
    1. Multimedia information systems

Recommendations

Looking glass: a field study on noticing interactivity of a shop window
CHI EA '12: CHI '12 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems

In this paper we present our findings from a lab and a field study investigating how passers-by notice the interactivity of public displays. We designed an interactive installation that uses visual feedback to the incidental movements of passers-by to ...
Understanding Engagement with Interactive Public Displays: an Awareness Campaign in the Wild
PerDis '14: Proceedings of The International Symposium on Pervasive Displays

In this paper, we present the findings from a field study that quantifies the different engagement phases of an interactive public display: from noticing interactivity and the first reaction to it, to actually interacting with the screen and expressing ...
Skeletons and Silhouettes: Comparing User Representations at a Gesture-based Large Display
CHI '16: Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Mid-air gestures offer a promising way to interact with large public displays. User representations are important to attract people to such displays, convey interactivity and provide meaningful gesture feedback. We evaluated two forms of user ...

Comments

Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences

CHI '12: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

May 2012

3276 pages

ISBN:9781450310154

DOI:10.1145/2207676

General Chair:
Joseph A. Konstan
University of Minnesota
,
Program Chairs:
Ed H. Chi
Google
,
Kristina Höök
Mobile Life at KTH

Copyright © 2012 ACM.

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Sponsors

SIGCHI: ACM Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 05 May 2012

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Request Permissions

Check for updates

Author Tags

Qualifiers

Research-article

Conference

CHI '12

Sponsor:

SIGCHI

CHI '12: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

May 5 - 10, 2012

Texas, Austin, USA

Acceptance Rates

Overall Acceptance Rate 6,199 of 26,314 submissions, 24%

Upcoming Conference

CHI 2025

Sponsor:
sigchi

ACM CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

April 26 - May 1, 2025

Yokohama , Japan

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

227
Total Citations
View Citations
2,787
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)117
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)7

Reflects downloads up to 13 Dec 2024

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Tanaka KOkafuji YIwamoto T(2024)Popping-Up Poster: A Pin-Based Promotional Poster Device for Engaging Customers through Physical Shape TransformationProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/36981388:ISS(283-300)Online publication date: 24-Oct-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3698138
Pelikan HReeves SCantarutti MGrollman DBroadbent EJu WSoh HWilliams T(2024)Encountering Autonomous Robots on Public StreetsProceedings of the 2024 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction10.1145/3610977.3634936(561-571)Online publication date: 11-Mar-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3610977.3634936
Lou XFu LSong XMa MHansen PZhao YDuan Y(2023)An Integrated Application of Motion Sensing and Eye Movement Tracking Techniques in Perceiving User Behaviors in a Large Display InteractionMachines10.3390/machines1101007311:1(73)Online publication date: 6-Jan-2023
https://doi.org/10.3390/machines11010073
Waugh KMcGill MFreeman E(2023)Proxemic Cursor Interactions for Touchless Widget ControlProceedings of the 2023 ACM Symposium on Spatial User Interaction10.1145/3607822.3614525(1-12)Online publication date: 13-Oct-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3607822.3614525
Keppel JStrauss MFaltaous SLiebers JHeger RGruenefeld USchneegass S(2023)Don't Forget to Disinfect: Understanding Technology-Supported Hand Disinfection StationsProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/36042517:MHCI(1-18)Online publication date: 13-Sep-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3604251
Namnakani OSinrattanavong PAbdrabou YBulling AAlt FKhamis M(2023)GazeCast: Using Mobile Devices to Allow Gaze-based Interaction on Public DisplaysProceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications10.1145/3588015.3589663(1-8)Online publication date: 30-May-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3588015.3589663
Cho SKim YJang JHwang I(2023)AI-to-Human ActuationProceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies10.1145/35808127:1(1-32)Online publication date: 28-Mar-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3580812
Nguyen BHan JHouben MBayoumi YVande Moere A(2023)Engaging Passers-by with Rhythm: Applying Feedforward Learning to a Xylophonic Media Architecture FacadeProceedings of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3544548.3580761(1-21)Online publication date: 19-Apr-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3544548.3580761
Sun QGuo YYao ZMi H(2023)Yousu: A mythical character robot design for public scene interaction2023 32nd IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN)10.1109/RO-MAN57019.2023.10309429(134-140)Online publication date: 28-Aug-2023
https://doi.org/10.1109/RO-MAN57019.2023.10309429
Müller MOtero NMilrad M(2023)Guiding the design and implementation of interactive public displays in educational settingsJournal of Computers in Education10.1007/s40692-023-00280-011:3(823-854)Online publication date: 7-Jul-2023
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40692-023-00280-0
Show More Cited By

View Options

Login options

Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Full Access

Get this Publication

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

eReader

View online with eReader.

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

View Table of Contents