More Web Proxy on the site http://driver.im/

research-article

Permanently online - Permanently connected

Authors:

Peter Vorderer,

Nicola Krömer,

Frank M. SchneiderAuthors Info & Claims

Computers in Human Behavior, Volume 63, Issue C

Pages 694 - 703

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.05.085

Published: 01 October 2016 Publication History

Abstract

BackgroundWith the availability of mobile smart devices, many adolescents have developed the habit of being online and connected with other users almost all the time. ObjectiveThe aim of this paper is to provide a definition of being permanently online (PO) and permanently connected (PC) and to explore students' current PO/PC behaviors. MethodsAn online survey was conducted with 178 university students in Germany to explore the intensity of their PO/PC behaviors in various social situations, the differences in being PO and being PC, students' feelings about a possible loss of Internet access, and their online responding behaviors. We also shed some light on the associations between being PO/PC and various aspects of well-being, as well as between PO/PC and demographics and lifestyle. ResultsSmart device usage behaviors at night and behaviors in various social situations during the day indicate that PO and PC behaviors are occurring frequently. The results show that being connected to others (PC) seems to be more relevant to the participants than browsing the web (PO). Moreover, the participants expressed strong emotional responses about a temporary loss of Internet access. Coping behaviors in response to increasing number of incoming messages and permanent availability are reported. ConclusionThis exploratory study demonstrates the relevance of the concepts of being PO and PC to students, and points out further research gaps. Being connected to others was more important than browsing the web on smartphones.Students preferred to have their devices turned on/lying close to them at night.The majority of the respondents felt an urgency to reply to messages quickly.Strong emotional feelings were expressed when individuals lost internet access.Participants in a romantic partnership showed lower PO/PC scores.

References

[1]

Y. Akbulut, S. Günüç, Perceived social support and Facebook use among adolescents, International Journal of Cyber Behavior, Psychology and Learning, 2 (2012) 30-41.

[2]

D. Bancila, M.B. Mittelmark, Measuring interpersonal stress with the Bergen social relationships scale, European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 25 (2009) 260-265.

[3]

R.F. Baumeister, M.R. Leary, The need to belong: desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation, Psychological Bulletin, 117 (1995) 497-529.

[4]

J. Bortz, N. Döring, Forschungsmethoden und Evaluation für Human- und Sozialwissenschaftler Research methods and evaluation for human and social scientists, Springer, Heidelberg, Germany, 2006.

[5]

D.M. boyd, N.B. Ellison, Social network sites: definition, history, and scholarship, Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13 (2007) 210-230.

Digital Library

[6]

M. Castells, The rise of the network society. Volume I., Wiley, Oxford, UK, 2010.

Digital Library

[7]

G. Dahl, Zur Berechnung des Schwierigkeitsindex bei quantitativ abgestufter Aufgabenbewertung Computing a difficulty index for rating scales, Diagnostica, 17 (1971) 139-142.

[8]

E. Diener, R.A. Emmons, R.J. Larsen, S. Griffin, The satisfaction with life scale, Journal of Personality Assessment, 49 (1985) 71-75.

[9]

E. Diener, R.E. Lucas, S. Oishi, Subjective well-being: the science of happiness and life satisfaction, in: Handbook of positive psychology, Oxford University Press, New York, NY, 2000, pp. 63-73.

[10]

N. Ducheneaut, R.J. Moore, L. Oehlberg, J.D. Thornton, E. Nickell, Social TV: designing for distributed, sociable television viewing, International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 24 (2008) 136-154.

[11]

N. Groeben, P. Vorderer, Leserpsychologie: Lesemotivation - Lektürewirkung, Aschendorff, Münster, Germany, 1988.

[12]

A. Hepp, Medienkultur. Die Kultur mediatisierter Welten. Media culture. The culture of mediatized worlds, VS, Wiesbaden, Germany, 2013.

[13]

L. Humphreys, T. von Pape, V. Karnowski, Evolving mobile media: uses and conceptualizations of the mobile Internet, Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 18 (2013) 491-507.

[14]

C.L.M. Keyes, The mental health continuum: from languishing to flourishing in life, Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 43 (2002) 207-222.

[15]

C.L.M. Keyes, Mental illness and/or mental health? Investigating axioms of the complete state model of health, Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 73 (2005) 539-548.

[16]

C.L.M. Keyes, Brief description of the mental health continuum short form (MHC-SF), 2009. http://www.sociology.emory.edu/ckeyes/

[17]

S.J. Kim, S. Byrne, Conceptualizing personal web usage in work contexts: a preliminary framework, Computers in Human Behavior, 27 (2011) 2271-2283.

Digital Library

[18]

K. Klein Murdock, Texting while stressed: implications for students' burnout, sleep, and well-being, Psychology of Popular Media Culture, 2 (2013) 207-221.

[19]

V.K.G. Lim, D.J.Q. Chen, Cyberloafing at the workplace: gain or drain on work?, Behaviour & Information Technology, 31 (2012) 343-353.

Digital Library

[20]

Mediatization. Concept, changes, consequences, in: Mediatization. Concept, changes, consequences, Lang, New York, 2009.

[21]

M. Madden, A. Lenhart, M. Duggan, S. Cortesi, U. Gasser, Teens and technology 2013. Pew research Center's Internet & American life Project, 2013. http://www.pewInternet.org/files/old-media/Files/Reports/2013/PIP_TeensandTechnology2013.pdf

[22]

L.M. Mai, R. Freudenthaler, F.M. Schneider, P. Vorderer, "I know you've seen it!" Individual and social factors for users' chatting behavior on Facebook, Computers in Human Behavior, 49 (2015) 296-302.

Digital Library

[23]

Medienpädagogischer Forschungsbund Südwest MPFS, JIM-Studie 2013 JIM-study 2013, 2013. http://www.mpfs.de/?id=613

[24]

A. Oulasvirta, The fragmentation of attention in mobile interaction, and what to do with it, interactions, 12 (2005) 16-18.

Digital Library

[25]

A. Oulasvirta, R. Petit, M. Raento, S. Tiitta, Interpreting and acting on mobile awareness cues, Human-Computer Interaction, 22 (2007) 97-135.

Digital Library

[26]

A. Oulasvirta, T. Rattenbury, L. Ma, E. Raita, Habits make smartphone use more pervasive, Personal Ubiquitous Computing, 16 (2012) 105-114.

Digital Library

[27]

A.K. Przybylski, K. Murayama, C.R. DeHaan, V. Gladwell, Motivational, emotional, and behavioral correlates of fear of missing out, Computers in Human Behavior, 29 (2013) 1841-1848.

[28]

S. Quinn, J.A. Oldmeadow, Is the igeneration a 'we' generation? Social networking use among 9- to 13-year-olds and belonging, British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 31 (2013) 136-142.

[29]

S. Reich, P. Vorderer, Individual differences in need to belong in users of social networking sites, in: Communication and community, Hampton Press, New York, NY, 2013, pp. 129-148.

[30]

K. Schweizer, Some guidelines concerning the modeling of traits and abilities in test construction, European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 26 (2010) 1-2.

[31]

A. Smith, K.D. Williams, R¿u there? Ostracism by cell phone text messages, Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice, 8 (2004) 291-301.

[32]

S. Turkle, Alone together: Why we expect more from technology and less from each other, Basic Books, New York, 2011.

Digital Library

[33]

P. Vorderer, Communication and the good life: why and how our discipline should make a difference, Journal of Communication, 66 (2015) 1-12.

[34]

P. Vorderer, C. Klimmt, D. Rieger, E. Baumann, D. Hefner, K. Knop, H. Wessler, Der mediatisierte Lebenswandel: permanently online, permanently connected The mediatized lifestyle: permanently online, permanently connected, Publizistik, 60 (2015) 259-276.

[35]

Vorderer P. and Schneider F. M., Ostracism and social media, In: Williams K.D. & S. Nida A. (Eds), Social exclusion, in press, Psychology Press; New York, NY.

[36]

P. Vorderer, M. Kohring, Permanently online: a challenge for media and communication research, International Journal of Communication, 7 (2013) 188-196.

[37]

S.P. Walsh, K.M. White, R.M. Young, Needing to connect: the effect of self and others on young people's involvement with their mobile phones, Australian Journal of Psychology, 62 (2010) 194-203.

[38]

S.G. West, J.F. Finch, P.J. Curran, Structural equation models with nonnormal variables: problems and remedies, in: Structural equation modeling: Concepts, issues, and applications, Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA, 1995, pp. 56-75.

Cited By

Ahmed SBee AMasood MHan Wei T(2024)You have been blockedTelematics and Informatics10.1016/j.tele.2024.10212389:COnline publication date: 1-May-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1016/j.tele.2024.102123
Karsay KMatthes JSchmuck DEcklebe S(2023)Messaging, Posting, and BrowsingSocial Science Computer Review10.1177/0894439321105830841:4(1493-1513)Online publication date: 1-Aug-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1177/08944393211058308
Lee HChiang YChou YLin KChang Y(2023)What makes IM users (un)responsiveInternational Journal of Human-Computer Studies10.1016/j.ijhcs.2022.102983172:COnline publication date: 1-Apr-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1016/j.ijhcs.2022.102983
Show More Cited By

Recommendations

Social exchange in online social networks. The reciprocity phenomenon on Facebook

Our research is focused on reciprocity, which is crucial for social exchanges.The online social network platform of our choice was Facebook, which is one of the most successful online social sites.In our study we found strong empirical evidence that an ...
An exploratory study of pre-service teachers' features related to their online behaviors and Problematic Internet Use in the United States

Quantitative study in online behaviors and Problematic Internet Use.American undergraduate pre-service teachers.Data from one self-developed questionnaire and the Online Cognition Scale.Pre-service teachers' online behaviors and PIU seems not a major ...
Online behaviors affected by spam

Has the continued proliferation of spare caused computer users to alter their online behavior? There are many online behaviors such as online shopping, posting to newsgroups, and visiting chat rooms that are documented to contribute to the increased ...

Comments

Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image Computers in Human Behavior

Computers in Human Behavior Volume 63, Issue C

October 2016

995 pages

ISSN:0747-5632

Issue’s Table of Contents

Copyright © Elsevier Ltd.

Publisher

Elsevier Science Publishers B. V.

Netherlands

Publication History

Published: 01 October 2016

Author Tags

Qualifiers

Research-article

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

29
Total Citations
View Citations
0
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)0
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0

Reflects downloads up to 14 Dec 2024

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Ahmed SBee AMasood MHan Wei T(2024)You have been blockedTelematics and Informatics10.1016/j.tele.2024.10212389:COnline publication date: 1-May-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1016/j.tele.2024.102123
Karsay KMatthes JSchmuck DEcklebe S(2023)Messaging, Posting, and BrowsingSocial Science Computer Review10.1177/0894439321105830841:4(1493-1513)Online publication date: 1-Aug-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1177/08944393211058308
Lee HChiang YChou YLin KChang Y(2023)What makes IM users (un)responsiveInternational Journal of Human-Computer Studies10.1016/j.ijhcs.2022.102983172:COnline publication date: 1-Apr-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1016/j.ijhcs.2022.102983
Ross MAkgün ECampbell S(2023)Benefits of solitude for connected individuals in the United States but not ChinaComputers in Human Behavior10.1016/j.chb.2023.107731144:COnline publication date: 1-Jul-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1016/j.chb.2023.107731
Schneider FRieger DHopp F(2023)First aid in the pocketComputers in Human Behavior10.1016/j.chb.2022.107629141:COnline publication date: 1-Apr-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1016/j.chb.2022.107629
Shahu AMelem AWintersberger PMichahelles F(2022)Nudgit - Reducing Online News Consumption by Digital NudgesAdjunct Publication of the 24th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services10.1145/3528575.3551447(1-5)Online publication date: 28-Sep-2022
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3528575.3551447
Chou YLin YLin TYou HChang Y(2022)Why Did You/I Read but Not Reply? IM Users’ Unresponded-to Read-receipt Practices and Explanations of ThemProceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3491102.3517496(1-15)Online publication date: 29-Apr-2022
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3491102.3517496
De Groote DVan Ouytsel J(2022)Digital stress within early adolescents’ friendships – A focus group study from BelgiumTelematics and Informatics10.1016/j.tele.2022.10187773:COnline publication date: 1-Sep-2022
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1016/j.tele.2022.101877
Ellis D(2022)Are smartphones really that bad? Improving the psychological measurement of technology-related behaviorsComputers in Human Behavior10.1016/j.chb.2019.03.00697:C(60-66)Online publication date: 20-Apr-2022
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1016/j.chb.2019.03.006
Nizzolino SCanals A(2021)Social Network Sites as Community Building Tools in Educational NetworkingInternational Journal of e-Collaboration10.4018/IJeC.202110011017:4(132-167)Online publication date: 1-Oct-2021
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.4018/IJeC.2021100110
Show More Cited By

View Options

View options

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

View Issue’s Table of Contents