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The "magic number 5": is it enough for web testing?

Published: 05 April 2003 Publication History

Abstract

Common practice holds that 80% of usability findings are discovered after five participants. Recent findings from web testing indicate that a much larger number of participants is required to get results and that independent teams testing the same web-based product do not replicate results. How many users are enough for web testing?

References

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Medlock, M.C., Wixon, D., Terrano, M., Romero, R., Fulton, B. (2002). Using the RITE method to improve products: a definition and a case study. Proc. Usability Professionals Association (Orlando FL, July 2002).
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Molich, R., et al. Comparative evaluation of usability tests. CHI 99 Extended Abstracts, ACM Press, 83--84.
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Nielsen, J. Why you only need to test with 5 users. Alertbox (2000) www.useit.com/alertbox/2000319.html
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Nielsen, J., and Landauer, T.K. A Mathematical Model of the Finding of Usability Problems, in Proc INTERCHI '93, 206--213
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Spool, J., and Schroeder, W. Testing web sites: Five users is nowhere near enough. CHI 2001 Extended Abstracts, ACM Press, 285--286.
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Virzi, R. Refining the test phase of usability evaluation: How many subjects is enough? Human Factors 34, 457--468 (1992).
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Woolrych, A., and Cockton, G. Why and When Five Test Users aren't Enough, in Proc. IHM-HCI Conference: Volume 2, 105--108, 2001.

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Published In

cover image ACM Conferences
CHI EA '03: CHI '03 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
April 2003
471 pages
ISBN:1581136374
DOI:10.1145/765891
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

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Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 05 April 2003

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Author Tags

  1. usability test
  2. web

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CHI03
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CHI03: Human Factors in Computing Systems
April 5 - 10, 2003
Florida, Ft. Lauderdale, USA

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Overall Acceptance Rate 6,164 of 23,696 submissions, 26%

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  • (2024)Radiological Protection Management: software implementation in a hospital in south BrazilGestão da Proteção Radiológica: implementação de software em um hospital do sul do BrasilBrazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences10.15392/2319-0612.2024.247112:3A (Suppl.)(e2471)Online publication date: 24-Sep-2024
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  • (2023)Children’s coding experiences in a block-based coding environment: a usability study on code.orgEducation and Information Technologies10.1007/s10639-023-11625-828:9(10839-10864)Online publication date: 8-Feb-2023
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