[go: up one dir, main page]
More Web Proxy on the site http://driver.im/ skip to main content
10.1145/3594536.3595172acmotherconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesicailConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

Identification of Legislative Errors

Published: 07 September 2023 Publication History

Abstract

We present an approach designed to support the process of legislative drafting by helping to detect errors in a normative text. It is based on a framework allowing for representation and comparison of structure and semantic content of legal provisions. Such comparison serves as a starting point for detection of (potential) legislative errors. The approach provides in particular criteria to select provisions to be compared, related to the phenomenon of provisions overlapping. We show that specific cases of such an overlap may amount to legislative errors. The presented framework enables a precise and transparent account of these errors. We also acknowledge that textual provisions enable various interpretations, while the error methodology detection assumes that the semantic representation of provisions is a result of a specific interpretation. We introduce the notion of Constraining Interpretive Rules which are used to evaluate the acceptability of specific interpretations of legal provisions. We discuss the features of the model on a real example and we present an implementation of the approach by using semantic technologies.

References

[1]
T. Agnoloni, L. Bacci, E. Francesconi, W. Peters, S. Montemagni, and G. Venturi. 2009. A two-level knowledge approach to support multilingual legislative drafting. In Law, Ontologies and the Semantic Web, J. Breuker, P. Casanovas, M. Klein, and E. Francesconi (Eds.). Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications, Vol. 188. IOS Press, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 177--198.
[2]
L. Allen. 1962. Some Uses of Symbolic Logic in Law Practice. MULL: Modern Uses of Logic in Law 3, 2 (1962), 119--136.
[3]
G. Antoniou, D. Billington, G. Governatori, and M.J. Maher. 1999. On the modeling and analysis of regulations. In Proceedings of the Australian Conference Information Systems. Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand, 20--29.
[4]
Michal Araszkiewicz, Enrico Francesconi, and Tomasz Zurek. 2021. Identification of Contradictions in Regulation. In Legal Knowledge and Information Systems - JURIX 2021: The Thirty-fourth Annual Conference, Vilnius, Lithuania, 8-10 December 2021 (Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications, Vol. 346), Schweighofer Erich (Ed.). IOS Press, 151--160. https://doi.org/10.3233/FAIA210331
[5]
Michal Araszkiewicz and Tomasz Zurek. 2015. Comprehensive Framework Embracing the Complexity of Statutory Interpretation. In Legal Knowledge and Information Systems - JURIX 2015: The Twenty-Eighth Annual Conference, Braga, Portual, December 10-11, 2015. 145--148. https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-609-5-145
[6]
Michal Araszkiewicz and Tomasz Zurek. 2016. Interpreting Agents. In Legal Knowledge and Information Systems - JURIX 2016: The Twenty-Ninth Annual Conference. 13--22. https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-726-9-13
[7]
Kevin Ashley. 2017. Artificial Intelligence and Legal Analytics: New Tools for Law Practice in the Digital Age. Cambridge UP.
[8]
C. Biagioli. 2009. Modelli Funzionali delle Leggi. Verso testi legislativi autoesplicativi. Legal Information and Communications Technologies Series, Vol. 6. European Press Academic Publishing, Florence, Italy.
[9]
C. Biagioli, A. Cappelli, E. Francesconi, and F. Turchi. 2007. Law Making Environment: perspectives. In Proceedings of the V Legislative XML Workshop. European Press Academic Publishing, 267--281.
[10]
C. Biagioli, E. Francesconi, A. Passerini, S. Montemagni, and C. Soria. 2005. Automatic semantics extraction in law documents. In ICAIL. 133--139.
[11]
Julie Dickson. 2016. Interpretation and Coherence in Legal Reasoning. In The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (winter 2016 ed.), Edward N. Zalta (Ed.). Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University.
[12]
T. Endicott. 2000. Vagueness in Law. Oxford University Press.
[13]
E. Francesconi. 2014. A Description Logic Framework for Advanced Accessing and Reasoning over Normative Provisions. International Journal on Artificial Intelligence and Law 22, 3 (2014), 291--311.
[14]
E. Francesconi. 2016. Semantic Model for Legal Resources: Annotation and Reasoning over Normative Provisions. Semantic Web journal: Special Issue on Semantic Web for the legal domain 7, 3 (2016), 255--265.
[15]
E. Francesconi and A. Passerini. 2007. Automatic Classification of Provisions in Legislative Texts. International Journal on Artificial Intelligence and Law 15, 1 (2007), 1--17.
[16]
Fumihito Nishino Ha-Thanh Nguyen, Fungwacharakorn Wachara and Ken Satoh. 2022. A Multi-Step Approach in Translating Natural Language into Logical Formula. In Legal Knowledge and Information Systems - JURIX 2022: The Thirty-Fifth Annual Conference, Saarbrucken, Germany, December 14-16, 2022. 103--112. https://doi.org/
[17]
R. Hoekstra, J. Breuker, M. di Bello, and A. Boer. 2009. Lkif core: Principled ontology development for the legal domain. In Law, Ontologies and the Semantic Web, J. Breuker, P. Casanovas, M. Klein, and E. Francesconi (Eds.). Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications, Vol. 188. IOS Press, The Netherlands, 21--52.
[18]
Wesley Newcomb Hohfeld. 1913. Some Fundamental Legal Conceptions as Applied in Judicial Reasoning. I. Yale Law Journal 23 (1913), 16--59.
[19]
Wesley Newcomb Hohfeld. 1917. Some Fundamental Legal Conceptions as Applied in Judicial Reasoning. II. Yale Law Journal 26 (1917), 710--70.
[20]
F. Macagno, D. Walton, and G. Sartor. 2012. Argumentation Schemes for Statutory Interpretation. In Argumentation. International Conference on Alternative Methods o Argumentation in Law., M. Araszkiewicz, M. Myska, T. Smejkalova, J. Savelka, and skop M. (Eds.). Brno, 61--76.
[21]
N. MacCormick and R. Summers. 1991. Interpreting Statutes. A Comparative Study. Ashgate, Dartmouth.
[22]
Libal T. Novotna, T. 2022. An Evaluation of Methodologies for Legal Formalization. In Explainable and Transparent AI and Multi-Agent Systems. 4th International Workshop, EXTRAAMAS 2022, Virtual Event, May 9-10, 2022, Revised Selected Papers (virtual event) (EXTRAAMAS 2022). Springer, Cham, Switzerland, 189--203. https://doi.org/book/10.1007/978-3-031-15565-9
[23]
G. Sartor. 2006. Fundamental Legal Concepts: A Formal and Teleological Characterisation. Artificial Intelligence and Law 14, 1-2 (2006), 101--142.
[24]
Jaromír Savelka and Kevin D. Ashley. 2020. Learning to Rank Sentences for Explaining Statutory Terms. In Proceedings of the Fourth Workshop on Automated Semantic Analysis of Information in Legal Text held online in conjunction with the 33rd International Conference on Legal Knowledge and Information Systems, ASAIL@JURIX 2020, December 9, 2020 (CEUR Workshop Proceedings, Vol. 2764), Kevin D. Ashley, Katie Atkinson, Luther Karl Branting, Enrico Francesconi, Matthias Grabmair, Vern R. Walker, Bernhard Waltl, and Adam Zachary Wyner (Eds.). CEUR-WS.org. http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2764/paper7.pdf
[25]
Jaromir Savelka, Huihui Xu, and Kevin D. Ashley. 2019. Improving Sentence Retrieval from Case Law for Statutory Interpretation. In Proceedings of the Seventeenth International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law (Montreal, QC, Canada) (ICAIL '19). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 113--122. https://doi.org/10.1145/3322640.3326736
[26]
Robert van Doesburg and Tom van Engers. 2019. The False, the Former, and the Parish Priest. In Proceedings of the Seventeenth International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law (Montreal, QC, Canada) (ICAIL '19). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 194--198. https://doi.org/10.1145/3322640.3326718
[27]
Robert Van Kralingen. 1995. Frame-based Conceptual Models of Statute Law. Kluwer.
[28]
Pepijn R. S. Visser, Robert W. van Kralingen, and Trevor J. M. Bench-Capon. 1997. A Method for the Development of Legal Knowledge Systems. In Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law (Melbourne, Australia) (ICAIL '97). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 151--160. https://doi.org/10.1145/261618.261648
[29]
Douglas Walton, G. Sartor, and F. Macagno. 2016. Contested Cases of Statutory Interpretation. Artificial Intelligence and Law 1, 24 (2016), 51--91.
[30]
Hannes Westermann, Jaromír Savelka, Vern R. Walker, Kevin D. Ashley, and Karim Benyekhlef. 2021. Sentence Embeddings and High-speed Similarity Search for Fast Computer Assisted Annotation of Legal Documents. CoRR abs/2112.11494 (2021). arXiv:2112.11494 https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.11494
[31]
J. Wróblewski. 1992. The Judicial Application of Law. Kluwer Academic Publishers.
[32]
T Zurek and M Araszkiewicz. 2013. Modeling teleological interpretation. In Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law. ACM, 160--168.

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Detection of Conflicts, Contradictions and Inconsistencies in Regulatory Documents: A Literature Review2024 Fifth International Conference on Intelligent Data Science Technologies and Applications (IDSTA)10.1109/IDSTA62194.2024.10747003(81-88)Online publication date: 24-Sep-2024

Recommendations

Comments

Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Other conferences
ICAIL '23: Proceedings of the Nineteenth International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law
June 2023
499 pages
ISBN:9798400701979
DOI:10.1145/3594536
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than the author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected].

Sponsors

  • IAAIL: Intl Asso for Artifical Intel & Law

In-Cooperation

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 07 September 2023

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Check for updates

Author Tags

  1. Interpretation of statutory law
  2. Legal knowledge representation
  3. Legislative drafting support
  4. Legislative errors
  5. Semantic technologies

Qualifiers

  • Research-article
  • Research
  • Refereed limited

Conference

ICAIL 2023
Sponsor:
  • IAAIL

Acceptance Rates

Overall Acceptance Rate 69 of 169 submissions, 41%

Contributors

Other Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

  • Downloads (Last 12 months)40
  • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)2
Reflects downloads up to 12 Dec 2024

Other Metrics

Citations

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Detection of Conflicts, Contradictions and Inconsistencies in Regulatory Documents: A Literature Review2024 Fifth International Conference on Intelligent Data Science Technologies and Applications (IDSTA)10.1109/IDSTA62194.2024.10747003(81-88)Online publication date: 24-Sep-2024

View Options

Login options

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

PDF

eReader

View online with eReader.

eReader

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Share this Publication link

Share on social media