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Efficient, Long-Term Logging of Rich Data Sensors Using Transient Sensor Nodes

Authors:

Thomas Schalch,

Lothar ThieleAuthors Info & Claims

ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems (TECS), Volume 17, Issue 1

Article No.: 4, Pages 1 - 23

https://doi.org/10.1145/3047499

Published: 20 September 2017 Publication History

Abstract

While energy harvesting is generally seen to be the key to power cyber-physical systems in a low-cost, long-term, efficient manner, it has generally required large energy storage devices to mitigate the effects of the source’s variability. The emerging class of transiently powered systems embrace this variability by performing computation in proportion to the energy harvested, thereby minimizing the obtrusive and expensive storage element. By using an efficient Energy Management Unit (EMU), small bursts of energy can be buffered in an optimally sized capacitor and used to supply generic loads, even when the average harvested power is only a fraction of that required for sustained system operation. Dynamic Energy Burst Scaling (DEBS) can be used by the load to dynamically configure the EMU to supply small bursts of energy at its optimal power point, independent from the harvester’s operating point. Parameters like the maximum burst size, the solar panel’s area, as well as the use of energy-efficient Non-Volatile Memory Hierarchy (NVMH) can have a significant impact on the transient system’s characteristics such as the wake-up time and the amount of work that can be done per unit of energy. Experimental data from a solar-powered, long-term autonomous image acquisition application show that, regardless of its configuration, the EMU can supply energy bursts to a 43.4mW load with efficiencies of up to 79.7% and can work with input power levels as low as 140μW. When the EMU is configured to use DEBS and NVMH, the total energy cost of acquiring, processing and storing an image can be reduced by 77.8%, at the price of increasing the energy buffer size by 65%.

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Cited By

Mileiko SRitom FShafik RYakovlev ABalsamo D(2024)Run-Time Energy and Time Management for Intermittent LoRaWAN Communications2024 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS)10.1109/SAS60918.2024.10636450(1-6)Online publication date: 23-Jul-2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS60918.2024.10636450
Mileiko SCetinkaya OShafik RBalsamo D(2023)Stateful Energy Management for Multi-Source Energy Harvesting Transient Computing Systems2023 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE)10.23919/DATE56975.2023.10137108(1-6)Online publication date: Apr-2023
https://doi.org/10.23919/DATE56975.2023.10137108
Mileiko SCetinkaya OMackie DYakovlev ABalsamo D(2023)A Non-volatile State Retention Unit for Multi-storage Energy Management in Transient Systems2023 9th International Workshop on Advances in Sensors and Interfaces (IWASI)10.1109/IWASI58316.2023.10164471(46-51)Online publication date: 8-Jun-2023
https://doi.org/10.1109/IWASI58316.2023.10164471
Show More Cited By

Index Terms

Efficient, Long-Term Logging of Rich Data Sensors Using Transient Sensor Nodes
1. Computer systems organization
  1. Embedded and cyber-physical systems
    1. Embedded systems
      1. Embedded hardware

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Published In

cover image ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems

ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems Volume 17, Issue 1

Special Issue on Autonomous Battery-Free Sensing and Communication, Special Issue on ESWEEK 2016 and Regular Papers

January 2018

630 pages

ISSN:1539-9087

EISSN:1558-3465

DOI:10.1145/3136518

Editor:
Sandeep K. Shukla
Indian Institute of Technology, India

Issue’s Table of Contents

Copyright © 2017 ACM.

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

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Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

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ACM Journals for the Design of Smart and Connected Systems

Publication History

Published: 20 September 2017

Accepted: 01 January 2017

Revised: 01 December 2016

Received: 01 June 2016

Published in TECS Volume 17, Issue 1

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Cited By

Mileiko SRitom FShafik RYakovlev ABalsamo D(2024)Run-Time Energy and Time Management for Intermittent LoRaWAN Communications2024 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS)10.1109/SAS60918.2024.10636450(1-6)Online publication date: 23-Jul-2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS60918.2024.10636450
Mileiko SCetinkaya OShafik RBalsamo D(2023)Stateful Energy Management for Multi-Source Energy Harvesting Transient Computing Systems2023 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE)10.23919/DATE56975.2023.10137108(1-6)Online publication date: Apr-2023
https://doi.org/10.23919/DATE56975.2023.10137108
Mileiko SCetinkaya OMackie DYakovlev ABalsamo D(2023)A Non-volatile State Retention Unit for Multi-storage Energy Management in Transient Systems2023 9th International Workshop on Advances in Sensors and Interfaces (IWASI)10.1109/IWASI58316.2023.10164471(46-51)Online publication date: 8-Jun-2023
https://doi.org/10.1109/IWASI58316.2023.10164471
Gomez ATretter AHager PSanmugarajah PBenini LThiele L(2022)Dataflow Driven Partitioning of Machine Learning Applications for Optimal Energy Use in Batteryless SystemsACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems10.1145/352013521:5(1-29)Online publication date: 21-Mar-2022
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3520135
Li XTang HHu GZhao BLiang J(2022)ViPSN-Pluck: A Transient-Motion-Powered Motion DetectorIEEE Internet of Things Journal10.1109/JIOT.2021.30982389:5(3372-3382)Online publication date: 1-Mar-2022
https://doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2021.3098238
Paterova TPrauzek MKonecny J(2021)Data-Driven Self-Learning Controller Design Approach for Power-Aware IoT Devices based on Double Q-Learning Strategy2021 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI)10.1109/SSCI50451.2021.9659989(01-07)Online publication date: 5-Dec-2021
https://doi.org/10.1109/SSCI50451.2021.9659989
Li XTeng LTang HChen JWang HLiu YFu MLiang J(2021)ViPSN: A Vibration-Powered IoT PlatformIEEE Internet of Things Journal10.1109/JIOT.2020.30169938:3(1728-1739)Online publication date: 1-Feb-2021
https://doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2020.3016993
Sigrist LAhmed RGomez AThiele L(2020)Harvesting-Aware Optimal Communication Scheme for Infrastructure-Less SensingACM Transactions on Internet of Things10.1145/33959281:4(1-26)Online publication date: 19-Jun-2020
https://doi.org/10.1145/3395928
Li XTang HZhu YWang HLiang J(2020)Power Solutions of A Vibration-Powered Sensor Node2020 IEEE 9th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference (IPEMC2020-ECCE Asia)10.1109/IPEMC-ECCEAsia48364.2020.9367791(2513-2519)Online publication date: 29-Nov-2020
https://doi.org/10.1109/IPEMC-ECCEAsia48364.2020.9367791
Sigrist LGomez AThiele L(2019)DatasetProceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Data Acquisition To Analysis10.1145/3359427.3361910(47-50)Online publication date: 10-Nov-2019
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3359427.3361910
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