[go: up one dir, main page]
More Web Proxy on the site http://driver.im/ skip to main content
10.1145/1556460.1556462acmotherconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication Pagesc-n-tConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

Toward an analytic framework for understanding and fostering peer-support communities in using and evolving software products

Published: 25 June 2009 Publication History

Abstract

The fundamental challenge for social computing is to contribute to fostering communities in which humans can transcend the limitation of the unaided,individual human mind by helping each other.Going beyond antidotal examples requires an analytical framework in which to interpret data in order to understand the context- and application-specific nature of these collaborations. We have studied peer-support communities (PSCs) in the context of the SAP Community Network (SCN), which relies on forums and conferences to support their collaboration.
This research attempts to create a deeper understanding of the effectiveness of social support provided by peers in software development communities from the following perspectives:
Responsiveness--how responsive are communities to the needs of its members?
Engagement Intensity--how timely is the peer support?
Role Distribution--how wide is the participation of users and in what kind of roles do they participate?
Reward System--what is the impact of explicit reward (point) systems on community behavior?
The data gained from analyzing these perspectives (and their comparison with open source software peer-support communities) has provided insights and led to an increased understanding of what works in PSCs. Here we articulate some initial design guidelines to further improve the potential benefits gained from these communities.

References

[1]
]]Anderson, C. The Long Tail: Why the Future of Business is Selling Less of More. Hyperion, New York, NY, 2006.
[2]
]]Arias, E.G., Eden, H., Fischer, G., Gorman, A. and Scharff, E. Transcending the Individual Human Mind-Creating Shared Understanding through Collaborative Design. in Carroll, J.M. ed. Human-Computer Interaction in the New Millennium, ACM Press, New York, 2001, 347--372.
[3]
]]Benkler, Y. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom. Yale University Press, New Haven, 2006.
[4]
]]Bennis, W. and Biederman, P.W. Organizing Genius: The Secrets of Creative Collaboration. Perseus Books, Cambridge, MA, 1997.
[5]
]]Campbell, D.T. Ethnocentrism of Disciplines and the Fish-Scale Model of Omniscience. in Derry, S.J., Schunn, C.D. and Gernsbacher, M.A. eds. Interdisciplinary Collaboration -- An Emerging Cognitive Science, Lawrence Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ, 2005, 3--21.
[6]
]]Deerwester, S., Dumais, S., Furnas, G., Landauer, T. and Harshman, R. Indexing by Latent Semantic Analysis. Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 41 (6). 391--407.
[7]
]]Dunbar, R.I.M., Knight, C. and Power, C. The evolution of culture : an interdisciplinary view. Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick, N.J., 1999.
[8]
]]Fischer, G. End-User Development and Meta-Design: Foundations for Cultures of Participation. in Pipek, V., Rossen, M.B., deRuyter, B. and Wulf, V. eds. End-User Development, Springer, Heidelberg, 2009, 3--14.
[9]
]]Fischer, G. Social Creativity, Symmetry of Ignorance and Meta-Design. Knowledge-Based Systems Journal (Special Issue on Creativity & Cognition), Elsevier Science B.V., Oxford, UK, 13 (7-8). 527--537.
[10]
]]Fischer, G., Grudin, J., McCall, R., Ostwald, J., Redmiles, D., Reeves, B. and Shipman, F. Seeding, Evolutionary Growth and Reseeding: The Incremental Development of Collaborative Design Environments. in Olson, G.M., Malone, T.W. and Smith, J.B. eds. Coordination Theory and Collaboration Technology, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, NJ, 2001, 447--472.
[11]
]]Fischer, G., Piccinno, A. and Ye, Y. The Ecology of Participants in Co-Evolving Socio-Technical Environments. in Forbrig, P., Paternò, F. ed. Engineering Interactive Systems (Proceedings of 2nd Conference on Human-Centered Software Engineering), Springer, Heidelberg, 2008, 279--286.
[12]
]]Fischer, G., Scharff, E. and Ye, Y. Fostering Social Creativity by Increasing Social Capital. in Huysman, M. and Wulf, V. eds. Social Capital and Information Technology, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 2004, 355--399.
[13]
]]Florida, R. The Rise of the Creative Class and How It's Transforming Work, Leisure, Community and Everyday Life. Basic Books, New York, NY, 2002.
[14]
]]Hagel, J., and Seely Brown, J. Innovation on the Edge: How SAP Seeds Innovation, Business Week, 2008. URL= http://www.businessweek.com/print/innovate/content/jul2008/id20080723_353753.htm
[15]
]]Hollan, J., Hutchins, E. and Kirsch, D. Distributed Cognition: Toward a New Foundation for Human-Computer Interaction Research. in Carroll, J.M. ed. Human-Computer Interaction in the New Millennium, ACM Press, New York, 2001, 75--94.
[16]
]]IBM. Project Beehive, 2008. URL= http://domino.research.ibm.com/cambridge/research.nsf/99751d8eb5a20c1f852568db004efc90/8b6d4cd68fc12b52852573d1005cc0fc?OpenDocument
[17]
]]Kellogg, W.A. Supporting Collaboration in Distributed Teams: Implications for e-Research (Contribution to the ECSCW Workshop "Realising and Supporting Collaboration in e-Research"), 2007. URL= http://www.e-researchcommunity.org/docs/ecscw07/submissions/Kellogg.pdf
[18]
]]Landauer, T.K., McNamara, D., Dennis, S. and Kintsch, W. (eds.). Latent Semantic Analysis. Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ, 2007.
[19]
]]Malone, T.W. What is collective intelligence and what will we do about it? in Tovey, M. ed. Collective Intelligence: Creating a Prosperous World at Peace, Earth Intelligence Network, Oakton, Virginia, 2008, 1--4.
[20]
]]Mumford, E. A Socio-technical Approach to Systems Design Requirements Engineering, 2000, 5(2), 59--77.
[21]
]]Mumford, E. Sociotechnical Systems Design: Evolving Theory and Practice. in Bjerknes, G., Ehn, P. and Kyng, M. eds. Computers and Democracy, Avebury, Aldershot, UK, 1987, 59--76.
[22]
]]Nonnecke, B. and Preece, J. Lurker Demographics: Counting the Silent. in Proceedings of CHI'2000, ACM Press, The Hague, 2000, 73--80.
[23]
]]O'Reilly, T. What Is Web 2.0-Design Patterns and Business Models for the Next Generation of Software, 2006. URL=http://www.oreillynet.com/pub/a/oreilly/tim/news/2005/09/30/what-is-web-20.html
[24]
]]Pinker, S. How the Mind Works. W. W. Norton and Company, New York, 1997.
[25]
]]Shneiderman, B. Leonardo's Laptop -- Human Needs and the New Computing Technologies. MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass, 2002.
[26]
]]Sieloff, C.G. 'If only HP knew what HP knows': the roots of knowledge management at Hewlett-Packard. Knowledge Management, 3 (1). 47--53.
[27]
]]Suchman, L.A. Plans and Situated Actions. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1987.
[28]
]]Surowiecki, J. The Wisdom of Crowds. Anchor Books, New York, 2005.
[29]
]]Tapscott, D. and Williams, A.D. Wikinomics: How Mass Collaboration Changes Everything. Portofolio, Penguin Group, New York, NY, 2006.
[30]
]]Trist, E.L. The Sociotechnical Perspective: The Evolution of Sociotechnical Systems as a Conceptual Framework and as an Action Research Program. in VanDeVen, A.H. and Joyce, W.F. eds. Perspectives on Organization Design and Behavior, Wiley, New York, NY, 1981.
[31]
]]von Krogh, G., Spaeth, S. and Lakhani, K.R. Community, Joining, and Specialization in Open Source Software Innovation: A Case Study. Research Policy, 32 (7). 1217--1241.
[32]
]]Ye, Y. and Gorman, A. Measuring Peer Support Activities in Reusing Open Source Software Libraries, forthcoming.

Cited By

View all
  • (2016)Utilizing Communities of Practice to Facilitate Knowledge Sharing in the Digital AgeOrganizational Knowledge Facilitation through Communities of Practice in Emerging Markets10.4018/978-1-5225-0013-1.ch011(198-224)Online publication date: 2016
  • (2014)A study of social participation and knowledge sharing in the teachers' online professional community of practiceComputers & Education10.5555/2753879.275412172:C(37-47)Online publication date: 1-Mar-2014
  • (2013)The Human Element in Social NetworkingIEEE Software10.1109/MS.2013.1730:1(2-6)Online publication date: Jan-2013
  • Show More Cited By

Index Terms

  1. Toward an analytic framework for understanding and fostering peer-support communities in using and evolving software products

      Recommendations

      Comments

      Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.

      Information & Contributors

      Information

      Published In

      cover image ACM Other conferences
      C&T '09: Proceedings of the fourth international conference on Communities and technologies
      June 2009
      306 pages
      ISBN:9781605587134
      DOI:10.1145/1556460
      • General Chair:
      • John M. Carroll
      Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

      In-Cooperation

      Publisher

      Association for Computing Machinery

      New York, NY, United States

      Publication History

      Published: 25 June 2009

      Permissions

      Request permissions for this article.

      Check for updates

      Author Tags

      1. SAP community network (SCN)
      2. cultures of participation
      3. peer-support communities (PSCs)
      4. reward systems

      Qualifiers

      • Research-article

      Conference

      C&T '09
      C&T '09: Communities and Technologies
      June 25 - 27, 2009
      PA, University Park, USA

      Acceptance Rates

      Overall Acceptance Rate 80 of 183 submissions, 44%

      Contributors

      Other Metrics

      Bibliometrics & Citations

      Bibliometrics

      Article Metrics

      • Downloads (Last 12 months)1
      • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0
      Reflects downloads up to 15 Jan 2025

      Other Metrics

      Citations

      Cited By

      View all
      • (2016)Utilizing Communities of Practice to Facilitate Knowledge Sharing in the Digital AgeOrganizational Knowledge Facilitation through Communities of Practice in Emerging Markets10.4018/978-1-5225-0013-1.ch011(198-224)Online publication date: 2016
      • (2014)A study of social participation and knowledge sharing in the teachers' online professional community of practiceComputers & Education10.5555/2753879.275412172:C(37-47)Online publication date: 1-Mar-2014
      • (2013)The Human Element in Social NetworkingIEEE Software10.1109/MS.2013.1730:1(2-6)Online publication date: Jan-2013
      • (2013)From renaissance scholars to renaissance communities: Learning and education in the 21st century2013 International Conference on Collaboration Technologies and Systems (CTS)10.1109/CTS.2013.6567198(13-21)Online publication date: May-2013
      • (2013)CSCL@Work: Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning at the Workplace—Making Learning Visible in Unexpected Online Places Across Established BoundariesComputer-Supported Collaborative Learning at the Workplace10.1007/978-1-4614-1740-8_1(1-20)Online publication date: 7-Mar-2013
      • (2012)CSCL@WorkInternational Journal of Sociotechnology and Knowledge Development10.4018/jskd.20120701024:3(17-37)Online publication date: 1-Jul-2012
      • (2012)Context-aware systemsProceedings of the International Working Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces10.1145/2254556.2254611(287-294)Online publication date: 21-May-2012
      • (2011)Beyond interactionProceedings of the 23rd Australian Computer-Human Interaction Conference10.1145/2071536.2071553(112-121)Online publication date: 28-Nov-2011
      • (2011)Understanding, fostering, and supporting cultures of participationInteractions10.1145/1962438.196245018:3(42-53)Online publication date: 1-May-2011
      • (2011)Towards the implementation of an internet-based neighbourhood watch scheme-Impacts of inclusive technologies on societies2011 International Conference on Computational Aspects of Social Networks (CASoN)10.1109/CASON.2011.6085913(25-30)Online publication date: Oct-2011
      • Show More Cited By

      View Options

      Login options

      View options

      PDF

      View or Download as a PDF file.

      PDF

      eReader

      View online with eReader.

      eReader

      Media

      Figures

      Other

      Tables

      Share

      Share

      Share this Publication link

      Share on social media