More Web Proxy on the site http://driver.im/

research-article

Lineogrammer: creating diagrams by drawing

Authors:

Robert C. Zeleznik,

Andrew Bragdon,

Andrew ForsbergAuthors Info & Claims

UIST '08: Proceedings of the 21st annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology

Pages 161 - 170

https://doi.org/10.1145/1449715.1449741

Published: 19 October 2008 Publication History

Abstract

We present the design of Lineogrammer, a diagram-drawing system motivated by the immediacy and fluidity of pencil-drawing. We attempted for Lineogrammer to feel like a modeless diagramming "medium" in which stylus input is immediately interpreted as a command, text label or a drawing element, and drawing elements snap to or sculpt from existing elements. An inferred dual representation allows geometric diagram elements, no matter how they were entered, to be manipulated at granularities ranging from vertices to lines to shapes. We also integrate lightweight tools, based on rulers and construction lines, for controlling higher-level diagram attributes, such as symmetry and alignment. We include preliminary usability observations to help identify areas of strength and weakness with this approach.

Supplementary Material

JPG File (p161-zeleznik.jpg)

Download
12.65 KB

MOV File (p161-zeleznik.mov)

Download
22.01 MB

References

[1]

Arvo, J and Novins, K. Fluid Sketching of Directed Graphs. 2006, In Proc. 7th Australasian UI Conference.

Digital Library

[2]

Bragdon, A. GestureBar: A Training-Free Approach to Disclosing and Teaching Gestures. Brown University, 2008. Tech. Rep. CS-08-06.

[3]

Calhoun, C., Stahovich, T., Kurtoglu, T., and Kara, L. Recognizing Multi-Stroke Symbols. 2002, In AAAI Spring Symposium on Sketch Understanding, pp. 15--23.

[4]

Davis, R. Magic Paper: Sketch-Understanding Research. 9, 2007, Computer, Vol. 40.

Digital Library

[5]

Gross, M. and Do, E. Ambiguous Intentions. 1996, In Proceedings of UIST'96, pp. 183--192.

Digital Library

[6]

Guimbretière, F., Stone, M., and Winograd, T. Fluid interaction with high-resolution wall-size displays. 2001, In Proceedings of UIST '01, pp. 21--30.

Digital Library

[7]

Hinckley, K., Baudisch, P., Ramos, G., and Guimbretiere, F. Design and Analysis of Delimiters for Selection-Action Pen Gesture Phrases in Scriboli. 2005, In Proceedings of CHI'05.

Digital Library

[8]

Igarashi, T., Matsuoka, S., Kawachiya, S., and Tanaka, H. Interactive Beautification: A Technique for Rapid Geometric Design. 1997, In Proc. of UIST '97.

Digital Library

[9]

Ku, D., Qin, S. F., and Wright, D. Interpretation of Overtracing Freehand Sketching for Geometric Shapes. 2006, In Proceedings of WSCG '2006.

[10]

Kurtenbach, G. and Moran, T. Contextual Animation of Gestural Commands. 1994, Graphics Interface '94.

[11]

Landay, J. and Myers, B. Interactive Sketching for the Early Stages of User Interface Design. 1995, In Proceedings of CHI '95, pp. 43--50.

Digital Library

[12]

Lank, E. A Retargetable Framework for Interactive Diagram Recognition. 2003, In Proceedings of ICDAR '03.

Digital Library

[13]

Ohki, Y. and Yamaguchi, Y. 2D Drawing System with Seamless Mode Transition. 2005, In Proceedings of Smart Graphics, pp. 206--217.

Digital Library

[14]

Patel, R., Plimmer, B., Grundy, J., and Ihaka, R. Ink Features for Diagram Recognition. 2007, In Proceedings of SBIM '07, pp. 131--138.

Digital Library

[15]

Paulson, B. and Hammond, T. PaleoSketch: Accurate Primitive Sketch Recognition and Beautification. 2008, In Proceedings of Intelligent User Interfaces '08.

Digital Library

[16]

Pavlidis, T. and Van Wyk, C. An Automatic Beautifier for Drawings and Illustrations. 1985, Proceedings of SIGGRAPH '85, pp. 225--234.

Digital Library

[17]

Plimmer, B. and Grundy, J. Beautifying Sketching-Based Design Tool Content: Issues and Experiences. 2005, In Proceedings of the 6th Australasian Conference on User Interface, pp. 31--38.

Digital Library

[18]

Raisamo, R. An Alternative Way of Drawing. 1999, In Proceedings of CHI '99, pp. 175--182.

Digital Library

[19]

Ramos, G. and Balakrishnan, R. Zliding: Fluid Zooming and Sliding for High Precision Parameter Manipulation. 2005, In Proceedings of UIST '05.

Digital Library

[20]

Saund, E., Fleet, D., Larner, D., and Mahoney, J. Perceptually-supported image editing of text and graphics. ACM Trans. Graph. 23, 3 (Aug. 2004), pp. 728--728.

Digital Library

[21]

Ye, M., Viola, P., Raghupathy, S., Sutanto, H., and Li, C. Learning to Group Text Lines and Regions in Freeform Handwritten Notes. 2005, In Proc. of ICDAR '05.

Digital Library

[22]

Yu, B. and Cai, S. A Domain-Independent System for Sketch Recognition. 2003, In Proc. of the 1st International Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques in Australasia and South East Asia, ACM Press.

Digital Library

[23]

Zeleznik, R., Miller, T., and Li, C. Designing UI Techniques for Handwritten Mathematics. 2007, In Proceedings of SBIM '07, pp. 91--98.

Digital Library

[24]

Zeleznik, R. and Miller, T. Fluid Inking: Augmenting the Medium of Free-Form Inking with Gestures. 2006, In Proceedings of Graphics Interface '06.

Digital Library

Cited By

Romat HMarquardt NHinckley KHenry Riche N(2022)Style Blink: Exploring Digital Inking of Structured Information via Handcrafted Styling as a First-Class ObjectProceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3491102.3501988(1-14)Online publication date: 29-Apr-2022
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3491102.3501988
Xu PYan GFu HIgarashi TTai CHuang H(2019)Global Beautification of 2D and 3D Layouts with Interactive Ambiguity ResolutionIEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics10.1109/TVCG.2019.2954321(1-1)Online publication date: 2019
https://doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2019.2954321
Schmidt MWeber G(2018)Dynamic time warping for the recognition of single-stroke inputIntelligent Decision Technologies10.3233/IDT-18032612:2(173-186)Online publication date: 7-Mar-2018
https://doi.org/10.3233/IDT-180326
Show More Cited By

Index Terms

Lineogrammer: creating diagrams by drawing
1. Human-centered computing
  1. Human computer interaction (HCI)
    1. Interaction paradigms
      1. Graphical user interfaces

Recommendations

A benchmark for rough sketch cleanup

Sketching is a foundational step in the design process. Decades of sketch processing research have produced algorithms for 3D shape interpretation, beautification, animation generation, colorization, etc. However, there is a mismatch between sketches ...
Tracing and sketching performance using blunt-tipped styli on direct-touch tablets
AVI '14: Proceedings of the 2014 International Working Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces

Direct-touch tablets are quickly replacing traditional pen-and-paper tools in many applications, but not in case of the designer's sketchbook. In this paper, we explore the tradeoffs inherent in replacing such paper sketchbooks with digital tablets in ...
Interactive beautification: a technique for rapid geometric design
SIGGRAPH '07: ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 courses

We propose interactive beautification, a technique for rapid geometric design, and introduce the technique and its algorithm with a prototype system Pegasus. The motivation is to solve the problems with current drawing systems: too many complex commands ...

Comments

Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences

UIST '08: Proceedings of the 21st annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology

October 2008

308 pages

ISBN:9781595939753

DOI:10.1145/1449715

General Chair:
Steve Cousins
Willow Garage, USA
,
Program Chair:
Michel Beaudouin-Lafon
Université Paris-Sud, France

Copyright © 2008 ACM.

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Sponsors

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 19 October 2008

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Request Permissions

Check for updates

Author Tags

Qualifiers

Research-article

Conference

UIST08

Sponsor:

UIST08: The 21st Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology

October 19 - 22, 2008

CA, Monterey, USA

Acceptance Rates

Overall Acceptance Rate 561 of 2,567 submissions, 22%

Upcoming Conference

UIST '25

Sponsor:
sigchi
sigchi

The 38th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology

September 28 - October 1, 2025

Busan , Republic of Korea

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

35
Total Citations
View Citations
952
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)10
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0

Reflects downloads up to 04 Jan 2025

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Romat HMarquardt NHinckley KHenry Riche N(2022)Style Blink: Exploring Digital Inking of Structured Information via Handcrafted Styling as a First-Class ObjectProceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3491102.3501988(1-14)Online publication date: 29-Apr-2022
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3491102.3501988
Xu PYan GFu HIgarashi TTai CHuang H(2019)Global Beautification of 2D and 3D Layouts with Interactive Ambiguity ResolutionIEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics10.1109/TVCG.2019.2954321(1-1)Online publication date: 2019
https://doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2019.2954321
Schmidt MWeber G(2018)Dynamic time warping for the recognition of single-stroke inputIntelligent Decision Technologies10.3233/IDT-18032612:2(173-186)Online publication date: 7-Mar-2018
https://doi.org/10.3233/IDT-180326
Kang BLaViola Jr. JWisniewski PMark GFussell SLampe Cschraefel mHourcade JAppert CWigdor D(2017)Structured Input Improves Usability and Precision for Solving Geometry-based Algebraic ProblemsProceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3025453.3025468(4692-4702)Online publication date: 2-May-2017
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3025453.3025468
Ciolfi Felice MMaudet NMackay WBeaudouin-Lafon MRekimoto JIgarashi TWobbrock JAvrahami D(2016)Beyond SnappingProceedings of the 29th Annual Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology10.1145/2984511.2984577(133-144)Online publication date: 16-Oct-2016
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2984511.2984577
Chevalier FRiche NPlaisant CChalbi AHurter CCostabile MBuono PMatera M(2016)Animations 25 Years LaterProceedings of the International Working Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces10.1145/2909132.2909255(280-287)Online publication date: 7-Jun-2016
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2909132.2909255
Zgraggen EZeleznik REichmann PKaye JDruin ALampe CMorris DHourcade J(2016)TableurProceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/2851581.2892326(2362-2368)Online publication date: 7-May-2016
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2851581.2892326
Jackson BKeefe D(2016)Lift-Off: Using Reference Imagery and Freehand Sketching to Create 3D Models in VRIEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics10.1109/TVCG.2016.251809922:4(1442-1451)Online publication date: 1-Apr-2016
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1109/TVCG.2016.2518099
Van Phan TNakagawa M(2016)Combination of global and local contexts for text/non-text classification in heterogeneous online handwritten documentsPattern Recognition10.1016/j.patcog.2015.07.01251:C(112-124)Online publication date: 1-Mar-2016
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1016/j.patcog.2015.07.012
Fišer JAsente PSchiller SSýkora D(2016)Advanced drawing beautification with ShipShapeComputers and Graphics10.1016/j.cag.2016.02.00356:C(46-58)Online publication date: 1-May-2016
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1016/j.cag.2016.02.003
Show More Cited By

View Options

Login options

Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Full Access

Get this Publication

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

eReader

View online with eReader.

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

View Table of Contents