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Extraction and Characterization of Chitin, Chitosan, and Protein Hydrolysates Prepared from Shrimp Waste by Treatment with Crude Protease from Bacillus cereus SV1

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Abstract

Chitin is a polysaccharide found in abundance in the shell of crustaceans. In this study, the protease from Bacillus cereus SV1 was applied for chitin extraction from shrimp waste material of Metapenaeus monoceros. A high level of deproteinization 88.8% ± 0.4 was recorded with an E/S ratio of 20. The demineralization was completely achieved within 6 h at room temperature in HCl 1.25 M, and the residual content of calcium in chitin was below 0.01%. 13C CP/MAS-NMR spectral analysis of chitin prepared by the enzymatic deproteinization of shrimp wastes was found to be similar to that obtained by alkaline treatment and to the commercial α-chitin. The degree of N-acetylation, calculated from the spectrum, was 89.5%. Chitin obtained by treatment with crude protease from B. cereus was converted to chitosan by N-deacetylation, and the antibacterial activity of chitosan solution against different bacteria was investigated. Results showed that chitosan solution at 50 mg/mL markedly inhibited the growth of most Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria tested. Furthermore, the antioxidant potential of the protein hydrolysates obtained during enzymatic isolation of chitin was evaluated using various in vitro assays. All the samples exerted remarkable antioxidant activities. These results suggest that enzymatic deproteinization of the shrimp shell wastes, using B. cereus SV1 protease, could be applicable to the chitin production process.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by grants from Ministry of Higher Education, Scientific Research and Technology-Tunisia. The authors express their thanks to Hajji Rachid (Laboratoire de Chimie Industrielle II, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax) for the solid-state NMR analysis. The authors would like to thank Mr. Hajji Ayedi from the Faculty of Letters and Human Sciences of Kairouan for his help with English.

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  1. Laboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et de Microbiologie, Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Sfax, B.P. « W » 3038, Sfax, Tunisia

    Laila Manni, Olfa Ghorbel-Bellaaj, Kemel Jellouli, Islem Younes & Moncef Nasri

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  1. Laila Manni
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  2. Olfa Ghorbel-Bellaaj
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Correspondence to Moncef Nasri.

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Manni, L., Ghorbel-Bellaaj, O., Jellouli, K. et al. Extraction and Characterization of Chitin, Chitosan, and Protein Hydrolysates Prepared from Shrimp Waste by Treatment with Crude Protease from Bacillus cereus SV1. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 162, 345–357 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-009-8846-y

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