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Electrochemical reduction of CO2 to useful fuel: recent advances and prospects

  • Review Paper
  • Published:
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Abstract

The continuous combustion of conventional fossil fuels leads to undesirable environmental consequences. Increasing CO2 emissions and depletion of fossil fuels are two major concerns in today’s society. To combat these problems, we need to find an alternative source of energy that meet the current demands and at the same time has minimal effect on the environment. Electrochemical reduction of CO2 (ERCO2) provides a two-way solution as it results in a net decrease in the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere by capturing CO2 from the surroundings and converting it into fuels that can be used to source energy. This review presents the recent trends in the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to generate green fuel with an emphasis on reactor configurations, electrocatalysts, and solid polymer electrolytes. The influence of various functionalized catalysts and surface structures on ERCO2 is reviewed. Finally, the future perspectives on the progress of electrochemical reduction of CO2 will be presented.

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Abbreviations

AEM:

Anion exchange membrane

CD:

Current density

CEM:

Cation exchange membrane

CNT:

Carbon nanotube

ERCO2 :

Electrochemical reduction of CO2

FE:

Faradic efficiency

GDL:

Gas diffusion layer

HER:

Hydrogen evolution reaction

MOF:

Metal–organic frameworks

MOP:

Metal–organic porous

NP:

Nanoparticles

PEI:

Polyethyleneimine

PVA:

Polyvinyl alcohol

SPE:

Solid polymer electrolyte

SPEEK:

Sulphonated poly(etheretherketone)

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India, under its Early Career Research Award Scheme vide sanction order No. ECR/2016/001340, dated 15.03.2017 and ECR/2016/001844, dated – 23/03/2017.

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  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Hamirpur, Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh, 177005, India

    Abhishek Kumar & Tapas Palai

  2. Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Srinagar, Hazratbal, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India

    Leela Manohar Aeshala

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Kumar, A., Aeshala, L.M. & Palai, T. Electrochemical reduction of CO2 to useful fuel: recent advances and prospects. J Appl Electrochem 53, 1295–1319 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10800-023-01850-x

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