Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that hesperidin, a flavanone glycoside from citrus fruits, produces antidepressant-like effects in both mice and rats. However, whether these effects are mediated by pro-inflammatory cytokines remains unknown. In the present study, we attempted to investigate the effects of hesperidin on the depressive-like behavior; the serum corticosterone concentrations; and the interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced depression-like mice. In particular, we evaluated the miRNA-132 expression after LPS and hesperidin treatment. We found that LPS injection not only decreased the sucrose preference and increased the serum corticosterone levels but also elevated IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in the prefrontal cortex. More importantly, LPS down-regulated the expression of miRNA-132. Pre-treatment with hesperidin (25, 50, 100 mg/kg) for 7 days prevented these abnormalities induced by LPS injection. In contrast, this effect of hesperidin was abolished by a miRNA-132 antagomir. Taken together, these results suggest that the antidepressant-like mechanisms of hesperidin are at least partially related to decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine levels via the miRNA-132 pathway in the brain.
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Authors’ Contributions
Min Li and Bingyu Qin designed the study and wrote the protocol. Min Li and Huanzhang Shao performed the experiments. Min Li and Xia Zhang took part in the data analysis. Min Li and Bingyu Qin wrote the first version of the manuscript, and all authors approved the article for submission.
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Animal experiments were approved by Henan Province People’s Hospital’s Animal Committee and were conducted in accordance with the Committee’s guidelines, which comply with all applicable international and national guidelines for the care and use of animals.
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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
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Li, M., Shao, H., Zhang, X. et al. Hesperidin Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Neuroinflammation in Mice by Promoting the miRNA-132 Pathway. Inflammation 39, 1681–1689 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10753-016-0402-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10753-016-0402-7