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Single-phase DECT with VNCT compared with three-phase CTU in patients with haematuria

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Abstract

Objective

To retrospectively evaluate the diagnostic performance of single-phase dual-energy CT (DECT) with virtual non-contrast CT (VNCT) compared with three-phase CT urography (CTU) in patients with haematuria.

Methods

A total of 296 patients underwent three-phase CTU (NCT at 120 kVp; nephrographic phase and excretory phase DECTs at 140 kVp and 80 kVp) owing to haematuria. Diagnostic performances of CT scans were compared for detecting urothelial tumours and urinary stones. Dose-length product (DLP) was compared in relation to single-phase DECT and three-phase CTU Dose-length product (DLP) was compared in relation to single-phase DECT and three-phase CTU.

Results

Sensitivity and specificity for tumour were 95 % (19/20) and 98.9 % (273/276) on CTU, 95 % (19/20) and 98.2 % (271/276) on nephrographic phase DECT, and 90 % (18/20) and 98.2 % (271/276) on excretory phase DECT (P > 0.1). Of the 148 stones detected on NCT, 108 (73 %) and 100 (67.6 %) were detected on nephrographic phase and excretory phase VNCTs, respectively. The mean size of stones undetected on nephrographic and excretory VNCTs was measured as 1.5 ± 0.5 mm and 1.6 ± 0.6 mm, respectively. The mean DLPs of three-phase CTU, nephrographic phase DECT and excretory phase DECT were 1076 ± 248 mGy · cm, 410 ± 98 mGy · cm, and 360 ± 87 mGy · cm, respectively (P < 0.001).

Conclusions

Single-phase DECT has a potential to replace three-phase CTU for detecting tumours with a lower radiation dose.

Key Points

• Single-phase DECT with virtual NCT may replace three-phase CTU for detecting tumours.

• Virtual NCT cannot replace NCT for detecting small urinary stones.

• Single-phase DECT may reduce the radiation dose by 62–67 % compared to three-phase CTU.

• Nephrographic phase DECT is superior to excretory phase DECT for assessing haematuria.

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Abbreviations

DECT:

dual-energy CT

VNCT:

virtual non-contrast CT

NCT:

non-contrast CT

CTU:

CT urography

DLP:

dose-length product

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Acknowledgments

The scientific guarantor of this publication is Dr. Won Jae Lee. The authors of this manuscript declare no relationships with any companies, whose products or services may be related to the subject matter of the article. The authors state that this work has not received any funding. We have consulted an expert in statistics and biometry, Keumhee Cho, PhD, for the preparation of our manuscript; her institution is Samsung Medical Center, Biostatistics & Clinical Epidemiology Center. Institutional Review Board approval was obtained. Written informed consent was waived by the Institutional Review Board. Approval from the institutional animal care committee was not required because our research was a human study. Our study included 143 patients, which Moon et al. already evaluated in their paper entitled "Evaluation of virtual unenhanced CT obtained from dual-energy CT urography for detecting urinary stones" published on British Journal of Radiology 2012;85(1014):e176–181. Methodology: retrospective, case control, performed at one institution.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Ilwon-dong, Kangnam-ku, Seoul, 135-710, Republic of Korea

    Jung Jae Park, Byung Kwan Park & Chan Kyo Kim

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  1. Jung Jae Park
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Correspondence to Byung Kwan Park.

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Park, J.J., Park, B.K. & Kim, C.K. Single-phase DECT with VNCT compared with three-phase CTU in patients with haematuria. Eur Radiol 26, 3550–3557 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-016-4206-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-016-4206-9

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