Abstract
We consider peer-to-peer data management systems (PDMS), where each peer maintains mappings between its schema and some acquaintances, along with social links with peer friends. In this context, we deal with reformulating conjunctive queries from a peer’s schema into other peer’s schemas. Precisely, queries against a peer node are rewritten into queries against other nodes using schema mappings thus obtaining query rewritings. Unfortunately, not all the obtained rewritings are relevant to a given query, as the information gain may be negligible or the peer is not worth exploring. On the other hand, the existence of social links with peer friends might be useful to get relevant rewritings. Therefore, we propose a new notion of ‘relevance’ of a query with respect to a mapping that encompasses both a local relevance (the relevance of the query w.r.t. the mapping) and a global relevance (the relevance of the query w.r.t. the entire network). Based on this notion, we have conceived a new query reformulation approach for social PDMS which achieves great accuracy and flexibility. To this purpose, we combine several techniques: (i) social links are expressed as FOAF (Friend of a Friend) links to characterize peer’s friendship; (ii) concise mapping summaries are used to obtain mapping descriptions; (iii) local semantic views (LSV) are special views that contain information about mappings captured from the network by using gossiping techniques. Our experimental evaluation, based on a prototype on top of PeerSim and a simulated network demonstrate that our solution yields greater recall, compared to traditional query translation approaches proposed in the literature.
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Notes
- 1.
This example has been inspired by a web-based online trusted physician network, https://www.ozmosis.com/home, ‘where good doctors go to become great doctors’.
- 2.
Notice that the relevance of a mapping is useful to discriminate the importance of such mapping wrt other mappings. Indeed, the relevance is a criterion to rank mappings in order to choose the best ones towards which the query has to be translated.
- 3.
Notice that a friendship link between two peers is a symmetric relationship and does not imply that such peers have to be acquaintances with each other.
- 4.
Notice that we do not tackle the problem of merging results after applying the query rewriting to the acquaintance’s database, but we take the union of these results.
- 5.
Notice that we do not also assume the existence of the mapping \(\mathcal{M}_{ji}\), from peer \(p_j\) to peer \(p_i\).
- 6.
The mapping statements have been omitted from Fig. 4 to avoid clutter.
- 7.
In DHTs or structured P2P networks, on which PDMS are based, a unique key identifier is assigned to each peer and object. IDs associated with objects are mapped through the DHT protocol to the peer responsible for that object. In our setting, each object is a mapping.
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Bonifati, A., Summa, G., Pacitti, E., Draidi, F. (2014). Query Reformulation in PDMS Based on Social Relevance. In: Hameurlain, A., Küng, J., Wagner, R. (eds) Transactions on Large-Scale Data- and Knowledge-Centered Systems XIII. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 8420. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54426-2_3
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