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AccScience Publishing / IJB / Volume 8 / Issue 4 / DOI: 10.18063/ijb.v8i4.617
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RESEARCH ARTICLE

A Multifunctional 3D Bioprinting System for Construction of Complex Tissue Structure Scaffolds: Design and Application

Yuanyuan Xu1,2,3 Chengjin Wang1,2,3 Yang Yang1,2,3 Hui Liu4 Zhuo Xiong1,2,3 Ting Zhang1,2,3*
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1 Biomanufacturing Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
2 Biomanufacturing and Rapid Forming Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing, Beijing 100084, China
3 Biomanufacturing and Engineering Living Systems” Innovation International Talents Base (111 Base), Beijing 100084, China
4 SunP Boyuan (Beijing) Biotech Co., Ltd., Beijing 100085, China
5 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
Submitted: 20 May 2022 | Accepted: 17 June 2022 | Published: 19 September 2022
© 2022 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
Abstract

Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting offers a potentially powerful new approach to reverse engineering human pathophysiology to address the problem of developing more biomimetic experimental systems. Human tissues and organs are multiscale and multi-material structures. The greatest challenge for organ printing is the complexity of the structural elements, from the shape of the macroscopic structure to the details of the nanostructure. A highly bionic tissue-organ model requires the use of multiple printing processes. Some printers with multiple nozzles and multiple processes are currently reported. However, the bulk volume, which is inconvenient to move, and the high cost of these printing systems limits the expansion of their applications. Scientists urgently need a multifunctional miniaturized 3D bioprinter. In this study, a portable multifunctional 3D bioprinting system was built based on a modular design and a custom written operating application. Using this platform, constructs with detailed surface structures, hollow structures, and multiscale complex tissue analogs were successfully printed using commercial polymers and a series of hydrogel-based inks. With further development, this portable, modular, low-cost, and easy-to-use Bluetooth-enabled 3D printer promises exciting opportunities for resource-constrained application scenarios, not only in biomedical engineering but also in the education field, and may be used in space experiments.

Keywords
3D printing
Modular design
Microextrusion
Multifunctional printing
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International Journal of Bioprinting, Electronic ISSN: 2424-8002 Print ISSN: 2424-7723, Published by AccScience Publishing