James Lankford

James Lankford (Republican Party) is a member of the U.S. Senate from Oklahoma. He assumed office on January 3, 2015. His current term ends on January 3, 2029.

Lankford (Republican Party) ran for re-election to the U.S. Senate to represent Oklahoma. He won in the general election on November 8, 2022.

Lankford was first elected to the Senate in the 2014 special election for the seat left vacant by the retirement of Tom Coburn (R).^[1]^[2]

Lankford was appointed to the Committee on Indian Affairs, the Committee on Intelligence (Select), the Committee on Appropriations, and the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs during the 115th Congress.

Lankford was previously a member of the U.S. House of Representatives, representing Oklahoma's 5th Congressional District from 2011 to 2015.

As of a 2014 analysis of multiple outside rankings, Lankford is an average Republican member of Congress, meaning he will vote with the Republican Party on the majority of bills.

Biography

Lankford was born in Dallas, Texas. He earned his B.S. from the University of Texas in 1990 and his M.Div. from Southwestern Theological Baptist Seminary in 1994. Before entering politics, Lankford was the director of Falls Creek Youth Camp from 1996 to 2009.^[3]

Career

Below is an abbreviated outline of Lankford's academic, professional, and political career:^[4]

2015-Present: U.S Senator from Oklahoma
2011-2015: U.S. Representative from Oklahoma's 5th Congressional District
1996-2009: Director of a youth camp
1994: Graduated from Southwestern Theological Baptist Seminary with a M.Div.
1990: Graduated from the University of Texas with a B.S.

Committee assignments

U.S. Senate

2023-2024

Lankford was assigned to the following committees:^[Source]

Committee on Finance
Energy, Natural Resources, and Infrastructure, Ranking Member
Subcommittee on Health Care
Subcommittee on Taxation and IRS Oversight
Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs
Subcommittee on Government Operations and Border Management, Ranking Member
Committee on Indian Affairs
Committee on Ethics (Select), Vice Chairman
Committee on Intelligence (Select)

2021-2022

Lankford was assigned to the following committees:^[Source]

2017-2018

At the beginning of the 115th Congress, Lankford was assigned to the following committees:^[5]

2015-2016

Lankford served on the following committees:^[6]

U.S. House

2013-2014

Lankford served on the following committees:^[7]

Committee on Budget
Committee on Oversight and Government Reform
- Subcommittee on Energy Policy, Health Care and Entitlements Chairman

2011-2012

Lankford served on the following committees:^[8]

Committee on Budget
Committee on Oversight and Government Reform
- Subcommittee on Technology, Information Policy, Intergovernmental Relations and Procurement Reform Chairman
- Subcommittee on Government Organization, Efficiency and Financial Management
Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure
- Subcommittee on Water Resources and Environment
- Subcommittee on Aviation

Key votes

See also: Key votes

Ballotpedia monitors legislation that receives a vote and highlights the ones that we consider to be key to understanding where elected officials stand on the issues. To read more about how we identify key votes, click here.

Key votes: 118th Congress, 2023

The 118th United States Congress began on January 3, 2023, at which point Republicans held the majority in the U.S. House of Representatives (222-212), and Democrats held the majority in the U.S. Senate (51-49). Joe Biden (D) was the president and Kamala Harris (D) was the vice president. We identified the key votes below using Congress' top-viewed bills list and through marquee coverage of certain votes on Ballotpedia.

Key votes: 118th Congress, 2023

Vote

Bill and description

Status

Yea

National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024

The National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 (H.R. 2670) was a bill passed by the 118th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on December 22, 2023, authorizing Department of Defense activities and programs for fiscal year 2024. The bill required a simple majority vote in the Senate to pass the bill as amended by a Senate and House conference report.^[9]

Passed (87-13)

Yea

Further Continuing Appropriations and Other Extensions Act, 2024

The Further Continuing Appropriations and Other Extensions Act, 2024 (H.R. 6363) was a bill passed by the 118th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on November 17, 2023, providing for the funding of federal agencies through January 19, 2024. The bill prevented a government shutdown that would have taken place if funding was not approved by November 17, 2023. The bill required a three-fifths majority vote in the Senate.^[10]

Passed (87-11)

Yea

Continuing Appropriations Act, 2024 and Other Extensions Act

The Continuing Appropriations Act, 2024 and Other Extensions Act (H.R. 5860) was a bill approved by the 118th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on September 30, 2023, providing for the funding of federal agencies through November 17, 2023. The bill prevented a government shutdown that would have taken place if funding was not approved by October 1, 2023. The bill required a three-fifths majority vote in the Senate.^[11]

Passed (88-9)

Nay

Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023

The Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023 (H.R. 3746) was a bill passed by the 118th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on June 3, 2023. The bill raised the federal debt limit until January 2025. The bill also capped non-defense spending in fiscal year 2024, rescinded unspent coronavirus relief funding, rescinded some Internal Revenue Service (IRS) funding, enhanced work requirements for the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and the Temporary Assistance to Needy Families program (TANF), simplified environmental reviews for energy projects, and ended the student loan debt repayment pause in August 2023. The bill required a three-fifths majority vote in the Senate.^[12] Click here to read more.

Passed (63-36)

Yea

Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on March 13, 2020.

H.J.Res. 7 (Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on March 13, 2020.) was a joint resolution of disapproval under the terms of the Congressional Review Act (CRA) passed by the 118th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on April 10, 2023. The resolution ended the national coronavirus state of emergency, which began on March 13, 2020. The resolution required a simple majority vote in the Senate.^[13] Click here to read more.

Passed (68-23)

Yea

Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives relating to "Factoring Criteria for Firearms with Attached 'Stabilizing Braces'".

H.J.Res. 44 (Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives relating to "Factoring Criteria for Firearms with Attached 'Stabilizing Braces'".) was a joint resolution of disapproval under the terms of the Congressional Review Act (CRA) passed by the House of Representatives and voted down by the Senate. The bill sought to nullify a Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (ATF) rule establishing criteria to determine whether firearms equipped with stabilizing braces that facilitate shoulder fire were subject to regulation under the National Firearms Act. The resolution required a simple majority vote in the Senate.^[14]

Failed (50-49)

Yea

Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Labor relating to "Prudence and Loyalty in Selecting Plan Investments and Exercising Shareholder Rights".

H.J.Res. 30 (Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Labor relating to "Prudence and Loyalty in Selecting Plan Investments and Exercising Shareholder Rights".) was a joint resolution of disapproval under the terms of the Congressional Review Act (CRA) passed by the 118th Congress and vetoed by President Joe Biden (D) on March 20, 2023. This was Biden's first veto of his presidency. The resolution sought to nullify a Department of Labor rule that amended the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA) to allow retirement plans to consider certain environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) factors in investment-related decisions. The resolution required a simple majority vote in the Senate.^[15] Click here to read more.

Passed (50-46)

Key votes: Previous sessions of Congress

Key votes (click "show" to expand or "hide" to contract)

Key votes: 117th Congress, 2021-2023

The 117th United States Congress began on January 3, 2021 and ended on January 3, 2023. At the start of the session, Democrats held the majority in the U.S. House of Representatives (222-213), and the U.S. Senate had a 50-50 makeup. Democrats assumed control of the Senate on January 20, 2021, when President Joe Biden (D) and Vice President Kamala Harris (D), who acted as a tie-breaking vote in the chamber, assumed office. We identified the key votes below using Congress' top-viewed bills list and through marquee coverage of certain votes on Ballotpedia.

Key votes: 117th Congress, 2021-2023

Vote

Bill and description

Status

Nay

Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act

The Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (H.R. 3684) was a federal infrastructure bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on November 15, 2021. Among other provisions, the bill provided funding for new infrastructure projects and reauthorizations, Amtrak maintenance and development, bridge repair, replacement, and rehabilitation, clean drinking water, high-speed internet, and clean energy transmission and power infrastructure upgrades. The bill required a 3/5 majority vote in the Senate to invoke cloture and a 1/2 majority vote on passage.^[16] Click here to read more.

Passed (69-30)

Nay

American Rescue Plan Act of 2021

The American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (H.R. 1319) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on March 11, 2021, to provide economic relief in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Key features of the bill included funding for a national vaccination program and response, funding to safely reopen schools, distribution of $1,400 per person in relief payments, and extended unemployment benefits. The bill required a 1/2 majority vote in the Senate.^[17] Click here to read more.

Passed (50-49)

Nay

Inflation Reduction Act of 2022

The Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (H.R. 5376) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on August 16, 2022, to address climate change, healthcare costs, and tax enforcement. Key features of the bill included a $369 billion investment to address energy security and climate change, an extension of Affordable Care Act subsidies, allowing Medicare to negotiate certain drug prices, a 15% corporate minimum tax, a 1% stock buyback fee, and enhanced Internal Revenue Service (IRS) enforcement, and an estimated $300 billion deficit reduction from 2022-2031. The bill required a 1/2 majority vote in the Senate.^[18] Click here to read more.

Passed (51-50)

Yea

National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022

The National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022 (S. 1605) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on December 27, 2021, authorizing Department of Defense acitivities and programs for fiscal year 2022. The bill required a 3/5 majority vote in the Senate to invoke cloture and a 1/2 majority vote on passage.^[19]

Passed (88-11)

Yea

James M. Inhofe National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023

The James M. Inhofe National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 (H.R. 7776) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on December 23, 2022, authorizing Department of Defense activities and programs for fiscal year 2023. The bill required a 3/5 majority vote in the Senate to invoke cloture and a 1/2 majority vote on passage.^[20]

Passed (83-11)

Nay

Sergeant First Class Heath Robinson Honoring our Promise to Address Comprehensive Toxics Act of 2022

The Sergeant First Class Heath Robinson Honoring our Promise to Address Comprehensive Toxics Act of 2022 (S. 3373) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on August 10, 2022, that sought to address healthcare access, the presumption of service-connection, and research, resources, and other matters related to veterans who were exposed to toxic substances during military service. The bill required a 3/5 majority vote in the Senate to invoke cloture and a 1/2 majority vote on passage.^[21]

Passed (86-11)

Nay

Chips and Science Act

The Chips and Science Act (H.R. 4346) was a bill approved by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on August 9, 2022, which sought to fund domestic production of semiconductors and authorized various federal science agency programs and activities. The bill required a 3/5 majority vote in the Senate to invoke cloture and a 1/2 majority vote on passage.^[22]

Passed (64-33)

Nay

Women’s Health Protection Act of 2021

The Women's Health Protection Act of 2021 (H.R. 3755) was a bill passed by the House of Representatives. The bill proposed prohibiting governmental restrictions on the provision of and access to abortion services and prohibiting governments from issuing some other abortion-related restrictions. The bill required a 3/5 majority vote in the Senate to invoke cloture and a 1/2 majority vote on passage.^[23]

Failed (46-48)

Nay

Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2022

The Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2022 (H.R. 2471) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on March 15, 2022, providing for the funding of federal agencies for the remainder of 2022, providing funding for activities related to Ukraine, and modifying or establishing various programs. The bill required a 3/5 majority vote in the Senate to invoke cloture and a 1/2 majority vote on passage.^[24]

Passed (68-31)

Nay

Respect for Marriage Act

The Respect for Marriage Act (H.R. 8404) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on December 13, 2022. The bill codified the recognition of marriages between individuals of the same sex and of different races, ethnicities, or national origins, and provided that the law would not impact religious liberty or conscience protections, or provide grounds to compel nonprofit religious organizations to recognize same-sex marriages. The bill required a 3/5 majority vote in the Senate to invoke cloture and a 1/2 majority vote on passage.^[25] Click here to read more.

Passed (61-36)

Nay

Continuing Appropriations and Ukraine Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2023

The Continuing Appropriations and Ukraine Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2023 (H.R. 6833) was a bill approved by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on September 30, 2022. It provided for some fiscal year 2023 appropriations, supplemental funds for Ukraine, and extended several other programs and authorities. The bill required a 3/5 majority vote in the Senate to invoke cloture and a 1/2 majority vote on passage.^[26]

Passed (72-25)

Yea

COVID-19 Hate Crimes Act

The COVID-19 Hate Crimes Act (S. 937) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on May 20, 2021, that included provisions to designate an officer or employee of the Department of Justice (DOJ) to facilitate expedited review of hate crimes, required the DOJ to issue guidance to law enforcement agencies aimed to establish online hate crime reporting processes and to raise awareness about hate crimes during the COVID-19 pandemic, and established state grants to create hate crime reporting hotlines, among other related provisions. The bill required a 3/5 majority vote in the Senate to invoke cloture and a 1/2 majority vote on passage.^[27]

Passed (94-1)

Nay

Postal Service Reform Act of 2022

The Postal Service Reform Act of 2022 (H.R. 3076) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on April 6, 2022, that sought to address healthcare and retirement benefits for postal workers, allow USPS to provide certain nonpostal products and services, and expand service performance and budgetary reporting. The bill required a 3/5 majority vote in the Senate to invoke cloture and a 1/2 majority vote on passage.^[28]

Passed (79-19)

Nay

Bipartisan Safer Communities Act

The Bipartisan Safer Communities Act (S. 2938) was a firearm regulation and mental health bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on June 25, 2022. Provisions of the bill included expanding background checks for individuals under the age of 21, providing funding for mental health services, preventing individuals who had been convicted of a domestic violence misdemeanor or felony in dating relationships from purchasing firearms for five years, providing funding for state grants to implement crisis intervention order programs, and providing funding for community-based violence prevention initiatives. The bill required a 3/5 majority vote in the Senate to invoke cloture and a 1/2 majority vote on passage.^[29] Click here to read more.

Passed (65-33)

Nay

Extending Government Funding and Delivering Emergency Assistance Act

The Extending Government Funding and Delivering Emergency Assistance Act (H.R. 5305) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on September 30, 2021, that provided for continuing fiscal year 2022 appropriations to federal agencies through December 3, 2021, in order to prevent a government shutdown that would have otherwise occurred if fiscal year 2022 appropriations bills had not been passed by October 1, 2021. The bill required a 3/5 majority vote in the Senate.^[30]

Passed (65-35)

Not guilty

Impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors.

This was a resolution before the 117th Congress setting forth an article of impeachment saying that Donald Trump (R) incited an insurrection against the government of the United States on January 6, 2021. The House of Representatives approved the article of impeachment, and the Senate adjudged that Trump was not guilty of the charges. Conviction on the impeachment charges required a 2/3 majority vote in the Senate.^[31] Click here to read more.

Not guilty (57-43)

Nay

Domestic Terrorism Prevention Act of 2022

The Domestic Terrorism Prevention Act of 2022 (H.R. 350) was a bill passed by the House of Representatives and voted down by the Senate in a failed cloture vote that sought to expand the availability and reporting of information about domestic terrorism, enhance the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), the Department of Justice (DOJ), and the Federal Bureau of Investigation's (FBI) ability to prosecute domestic terrorism, among other things. The bill required a 3/5 majority vote in the Senate to invoke cloture and a 1/2 majority vote on passage.^[32]

Failed (47-47)

Nay

A concurrent resolution setting forth the congressional budget for the United States Government for fiscal year 2022 and setting forth the appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2023 through 2031.

This concurrent resolution (S.Con.Res. 14) was a budget resolution passed by the 117th Congress outlining the fiscal year 2022 federal government budget, setting forth budgetary levels for fiscal years 2023-2031, and providing reconciliation instructions for legislation that increased the deficit. It contained a proposed framework for the Build Back Better Act. The resolution required 1/2 majority vote in the Senate.^[33] Click here to read more.

Passed (50-49)

Nay

Freedom to Vote: John R. Lewis Act

The Freedom to Vote: John R. Lewis Act was a federal elections bill approved by the House of Representatives and voted down by the Senate in a failed cloture vote that sought to, among other provisions, make Election Day a public holiday, allow for same-day voter registration, establish minimum early voting periods, and allow absentee voting for any reason, restrict the removal of local election administrators in federal elections, regulate congressional redistricting, expand campaign finance disclosure rules for some organizations, and amend the Voting Rights Act to require some states to obtain clearance from the U.S. Department of Justice before implementing new election laws. The bill required a 3/5 majority vote in the Senate to invoke cloture and a 1/2 majority vote on passage.^[34] Click here to read more.

Failed (49-51)

Nay

Electoral Count Reform and Presidential Transition Improvement Act of 2022

The Electoral Count Reform and Presidential Transition Improvement Act was a bill passed by the 117th Congress in the form of an amendment to a year-end omnibus funding bill that was signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on December 23, 2022. The bill changed the procedure for counting electoral votes outlined in the Electoral Count Act of 1887. Elements of the bill included specifying that the vice president's role at the joint session of congress to count electoral votes is ministerial, raising the objection threshold at the joint session of congress to count electoral votes to one-fifth of the members of both the House of Representatives and the Senate, identifying governors as the single official responsible for submitting the certificate of ascertainment identifying that state’s electors, and providing for expedited judicial review of certain claims about states' certificates identifying their electors. The bill required a 3/5 majority vote in the Senate to concur in the House's version of the bill.^[35] Click here to read more.

Passed (68-29)

Key votes: 116th Congress, 2019-2021

The 116th United States Congress began on January 9, 2019, and ended on January 3, 2021. At the start of the session, Democrats held the majority in the U.S. House of Representatives (235-200), and Republicans held the majority in the U.S. Senate (53-47). Donald Trump (R) was the president and Mike Pence (R) was the vice president. We identified the key votes below using Congress' top-viewed bills list and through marquee coverage of certain votes on Ballotpedia.

Key votes: 116th Congress, 2019-2021

Vote

Bill and description

Status

Yea

CARES Act

The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act (H.R. 748) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump (R) on March 27, 2020, that expanded benefits through the joint federal-state unemployment insurance program during the coronavirus pandemic. The legislation also included $1,200 payments to certain individuals, funding for Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits, and funds for businesses, hospitals, and state and local governments. The bill required a three-fifths majority vote in the Senate.^[36]

Passed (96-0)

Yea

National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020

The National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (S. 1790) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump (R) on December 20, 2019, setting policies and appropriations for the Department of Defense. Key features of this bill include appropriations for research/development, procurement, military construction, and operation/maintenence, as well as policies for paid family leave, North Korea nuclear sanctions, limiting the use of criminal history in federal hiring and contracting, military housing privatization, and paid family leave for federal personnel. This bill required a simple majroity vote in the Senate. ^[37]

Passed (86-8)

Nay

Families First Coronavirus Response Act

The Families First Coronavirus Response Act (H.R. 6201) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump (R) on March 18, 2020, addressing the COVID-19 pandemic by increasing access to unemployment benefits and food assistance, increasing funding for Medicaid, providing free testing for COVID-19, and requiring employers to provide paid sick time to employees who cannot work due to COVID-19. The bill required a three-fifths majority vote in the Senate.^[38]

Passed (90-8)

Nay

Further Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2020

The Further Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2020 (H.R. 1865) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump (R) on December 20, 2019, providing appropriations for federal agencies in fiscal year 2020. This bill required a simple majority vote in the Senate.^[39]

Passed (71-23)

Yea

Coronavirus Preparedness and Response Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2020

The Coronavirus Preparedness and Response Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2020 (H.R. 6074) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump on March 6, 2020, providing emergency funding to federal agencies in response to the COVID-19 outbreak. Key features of the bill include funding for vaccine research, small business loans, humanitarian assistance to affected foreign countries, emergency preparedness, and grants for public health agencies and organizations. This bill required a three-fifths majority vote in the Senate.^[40]

Passed (96-1)

Yea

Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2019

The Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2019 (H.J.Res. 31) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump on February 15, 2019, providing approrations for Fiscal Year 2019. This bill required a simple majority vote in the Senate.^[41]

Passed (83-16)

Nay

John D. Dingell, Jr. Conservation, Management, and Recreation Act

The John D. Dingell, Jr. Conservation, Management, and Recreation Act (S. 47) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Doanld Trump on March 12, 2019. This bill sought to set provisions for federal land management and conservation by doing things such as conducting land exchanges and conveyances, establishing programs to respond to wildfires, and extending and reauthorizing wildlife conservation programs. This bill required a simple majority vote in the Senate.^[42]

Passed (92-8)

Yea

William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (passage)

The William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (H.R. 6395) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and vetoed by President Donald Trump on December 23, 2020. Congress voted to override Trump's veto, and the bill became law on January 1, 2021. The bill set Department of Defense policies and appropriations for Fiscal Year 2021. Trump vetoed the bill due to disagreement with provisions related to Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act, the renaming of certain military installations, limits on emergency military construction fund usage, and limits on troop withdrawals. This bill required a simple majority vote in the Senate on passage, and a two-thirds majority vote to overcome the veto.^[43]

Passed (84-13)

Yea

William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (overcoming veto)

The William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (H.R. 6395) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and vetoed by President Donald Trump on December 23, 2020. Congress voted to override Trump's veto, and the bill became law on January 1, 2021. The bill set Department of Defense policies and appropriations for Fiscal Year 2021. Trump vetoed the bill due to disagreement with provisions related to Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act, the renaming of certain military installations, limits on emergency military construction fund usage, and limits on troop withdrawals. This bill required a simple majority vote in the Senate on passage, and a two-thirds majority vote to overcome the veto.^[44]

Passed (81-13)

Yea

Strengthening America's Security in the Middle East Act of 2019

The Strengthening America's Security in the Middle East Act of 2019 (S. 1) is a bill approved by the Senate that sought to address security in certain Middle Eastern countries by sending resources to Israel, extending defense cooperation in Jordan, establishing sanctions related to the conflict in Syria, and allowing states to divest from entities boycotting Israel. The bill required a simple majority vote in the Senate.^[45]

Passed (77-23)

Yea

Continuing Appropriations Act, 2021 and Other Extensions Act

The Continuing Appropriations Act, 2021 and Other Extensions Act (H.R. 8337) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump on October 1st, 2020, continuing appropriations to federal agencies for Fiscal Year 2021 as well as extending certain expiring programs that address issues such as health care, surface transportation, agriculture, and veterans benefits. This bill required a simple majority vote in the Senate.^[46]

Passed (84-10)

Yea

Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2020

The Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2020 (H.R. 1158) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump on December 20, 2019, providing appropriations for the 2020 Fiscal Year for federal agencies. This bill required a simple majority vote in the Senate.^[47]

Passed (81-11)

Yea

Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2020, and Further Health Extenders Act of 2019

The Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2020, and Further Health Extenders Act of 2019 (H.R. 3055) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump (R) on December 20, 2019, providing Fiscal Year 2020 appropriations to federal agencies through December 20, 2019 and extending certain programs and authorites that were set to expire. This bill prevented a government shutdown, and provided a pay raise for the military, repealed a revocation of state highway funding, and modified the United States Victims of State Sponsored Terrorism Fund. This bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the Senate.^[48]

Passed (74-20)

Yea

Never Forget the Heroes: James Zadroga, Ray Pfeifer, and Luis Alvarez Permanent Authorization of the September 11th Victim Compensation Fund Act

The Never Forget the Heroes: James Zadroga, Ray Pfeifer, and Luis Alvarez Permanent Authorization of the September 11th Victim Compensation Fund Act (H.R. 1327) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump on July 29, 2019, providing funds for the September 11th Victim Compensation Fund of 2001. Key features of the bill included allowing claims to be filed until October 2090, removing the cap on noneconomic damages in certain circumstances, and periodically adjusting the annual limit on economic loss compensation for inflation. This bill required a simple majority vote from the Senate. ^[49]

Passed (97-2)

Not guilty

Impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors. (article 1)

The 2020 impeachment of Donald Trump (R) was a resolution before the 116th Congress to set forth two articles of impeachment saying that Trump abused his power and obstructed congress. The first article was related to allegations that Trump requested the Ukrainian government investigate former Vice President Joe Biden (D) and his son, Hunter Biden, in exchange for aid, and the second was related to Trump's response to the impeachment inquiry.The House of Representatives approved both articles of impeachment, and the Senate adjudged that Trump was not guilty of either charge. Conviction on the impeachment charges required a two-thirds majority vote in the Senate. ^[50]

Not Guilty (52-48)

Not guilty

Impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors. (article 2)

The 2020 impeachment of Donald Trump (R) was a resolution before the 116th Congress to set forth two articles of impeachment saying that Trump abused his power and obstructed congress. The first article was related to allegations that Trump requested the Ukrainian government investigate former Vice President Joe Biden (D) and his son, Hunter Biden, in exchange for aid, and the second was related to Trump's response to the impeachment inquiry.The House of Representatives approved both articles of impeachment, and the Senate adjudged that Trump was not guilty of either charge. Conviction on the impeachment charges required a two-thirds majority vote in the Senate. ^[51]

Not Guilty (53-47)

Yea

United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement Implementation Act

The United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement Implementation Act (H.R. 5430) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump (R) on October 21, 2020, establishing a trade agreement between the United States, Mexico, and Canada meant to replace the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) by establishing provisions such as labor and environment monitoring and enforcement, de minimis levels for U.S. exports, and cooperation among treaty members to prevent duty evasion. This bill required a simple majority vote in the Senate.^[52]

Passed (89-10)

Yea

Pallone-Thune Telephone Robocall Abuse Criminal Enforcement and Deterrence Act

The Pallone-Thune Telephone Robocall Abuse Criminal Enforcement and Deterrence Act (S. 151) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump (R) on December 30, 2019, setting forth rules to reduce criminal robot calls. Some key featues of the bill included requiring voice service providers to develop call authentication technologies, creating rules to protect a subscriber from receiving unwanted calls or texts from a caller using an unauthenticated number, and protecting individuals from one-ring scams. This bill required a simple majority vote in the Senate.^[53]

Passed (97-1)

Yea

Emergency Supplemental Appropriations for Humanitarian Assistance and Security at the Southern Border Act, 2019

The Emergency Supplemental Appropriations for Humanitarian Assistance and Security at the Southern Border Act, 2019 (H.R. 3401) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump (R) on July 1, 2019, providing emergency approprations for humanitarian assistance and security to respond to people attempting to enter the United States at the southern border. This bill required a three-fifths majority vote in the Senate.^[54]

Passed (84-8)

Yea

Additional Supplemental Appropriations for Disaster Relief Act, 2019

The Additional Supplemental Appropriations for Disaster Relief Act, 2019 (H.R. 2157) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump on June 6, 2019, providing approprations to certain federal departments in order to address expenses incured by recent natural disasters. This bill required a simple majority vote in the Senate.^[55]

Passed (85-8)

Nay

Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on February 15, 2019.

H.J.Res.46 (Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on February 15, 2019.) was a resolution passed by the 116th Congress and vetoed by President Donald Trump (R). This resolution sought to terminate the national emergency related to the U.S.-Mexico border, declared by President Trump on February 15, 2019. The bill required a simple majority vote in the Senate.^[56]

Passed (59-41)

Key votes: 115th Congress, 2017-2018

For detailed information about each vote, click here.

Votes on domestic policy (click to expand)

Voted Yea on: First Step Act of 2018 (S 756)

Motion Agreed to (87-12) on December 18, 2018

Proposed making changes to the criminal justice system.^[57]

Voted Yea on: Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018 (HR 2)

Conference Report Agreed to (87-13) on December 11, 2018

Proposed providing funding for commodity support, conservation, trade and international food aid, nutrition assistance, farm credit, rural development, research and extension activities, forestry, horticulture, and crop insurance through fiscal year 2023.^[58]

Voted Yea on: "Brett M. Kavanaugh, of Maryland, to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States" (PN2259)

Nomination Confirmed (50-48) on October 6, 2018

Brett M. Kavanaugh, of Maryland, to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States^[59]

Voted Yea on: "Brett M. Kavanaugh, of Maryland, to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States" (PN2259)

Cloture Motion Agreed to (51-49) on October 5, 2018

Brett M. Kavanaugh, of Maryland, to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States^[60]

Voted Nay on: Agriculture and Nutrition Act of 2018 (HR 2)

Bill Passed (86-11, 3/5 majority required) on June 28, 2018

Proposed providing funding for commodity support, conservation, trade and international food aid, nutrition assistance, farm credit, rural development, research and extension activities, forestry, horticulture, and crop insurance.^[61]

Voted Yea on: Immigration reform proposal from Sen. Chuck Grassley and the Trump administration (S Amdt 1959 to HR 2579)

Cloture Motion Rejected (39-60, 3/5 majority required) on February 15, 2018

Proposed providing a path to citizenship for 1.8 million individuals brought into the U.S. without legal permission as children, $25 billion for border security, limits on chain migration or family-based migration, and eliminating the visa lottery system.^[62]

Voted Nay on: Immigration reform proposal from the Common Sense Coalition (S Amdt 1958 to HR 2579)

Cloture Motion Rejected (54-45, 3/5 majority required) on February 15, 2018

Proposed providing a path to citizenship for individuals brought into the U.S. without legal permission as children, $25 billion for border security, and limitations on chain or family-based immigration.^[63]

Voted Yea on: Stop Dangerous Sanctuary Cities Act amendment (S Amdt 1948 to S Amdt 1959)

Cloture Motion Rejected (54-45, 3/5 majority required) on February 15, 2018

Proposed withholding funding from sanctuary jurisdictions for not cooperating with federal immigration officials.^[64]

Voted Nay on: Coons-McCain immigration plan (S Amdt 1955 to S Amdt 1958)

Cloture Motion Rejected (52-47, 3/5 majority required) on February 15, 2018

Proposed providing a path to citizenship for individuals brought into the U.S. without legal permission as children and conducting a study to determine what border security measures were needed. It also proposed requiring the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to secure the U.S.-Mexico border by 2021.^[65]

Voted Yea on: Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act (S 2311)

Cloture on the Motion to Proceed Rejected (51-46, 3/5 majority required) on January 29, 2018

Proposed amending the federal criminal code to make it a crime for any person to perform or attempt to perform an abortion if the probable post-fertilization age of the fetus was 20 weeks or more. The bill proposed providing exceptions for an abortion: (1) that was necessary to save the life of the pregnant woman, or (2) when the pregnancy was the result of rape or incest.^[66]

Voted Yea on: An amendment to repeal the requirements for individuals to enroll in health insurance and for employers to offer it—"Skinny bill" (S Amdt 667 to S Amdt 267 to HR 1628 the American Health Care Act of 2017)

Amendment Rejected (49-51) on July 28, 2017

The amendment proposed repealing the requirements for individuals to enroll in health insurance and for employers to offer it.^[67]

Voted Yea on: An amendment to repeal the ACA, including Paul amendment (No. 271) (S Amdt 271 to S Amdt 267 to HR 1628)

Amendment Rejected (45-55) on July 26, 2017

An amendment to repeal the ACA, including Paul amendment (No. 271)^[68]

Voted Yea on: Motion to advance the Better Care Reconciliation Act of 2017, including Cruz and Portman amendments (S Amdt 270 to S Amdt 267 to HR 1628)

Motion Rejected (43-57, 3/5 majority required) on July 25, 2017

A procedural vote to advance the Better Care Reconciliation Act of 2017 (BCRA), including the Cruz and Portman amendments.^[69]

Voted Yea on: Motion to begin debate on the American Health Care Act of 2017 (HR 1628)

Motion to Proceed Agreed to (50-50, Vice President voted Yea) on July 25, 2017

Proposed providing for reconciliation pursuant to title II of the concurrent resolution on the budget for fiscal year 2017.^[70]

Voted Yea on: Neil M. Gorsuch, of Colorado, to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (PN55(4)—confirmation vote)

Nomination Confirmed (54-45) on April 7, 2017

Neil M. Gorsuch, of Colorado, to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States—confirmation vote.^[71]

Voted Yea on: Neil M. Gorsuch, of Colorado, to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (PN55(3))

Cloture Motion Agreed to (55-45) on April 6, 2017

Neil M. Gorsuch, of Colorado, to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States—second vote to end debate and move to a vote on Gorsuch's nomination under the new precedent requiring only a simple majority to pass.^[72]

Voted Nay on: Neil M. Gorsuch, of Colorado, to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (PN55(2))

Decision of Chair Not Sustained (48-52) on April 6, 2017

Neil M. Gorsuch, of Colorado, to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States—a vote to keep the Senate precedent of requiring 60 votes to close debate on Supreme Court nominations.^[73]

Voted Yea on: Neil M. Gorsuch, of Colorado, to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (PN55)

Cloture Motion Rejected (55-45, 3/5 majority required) on April 6, 2017

Neil M. Gorsuch, of Colorado, to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States—initial vote to end debate and move to a vote on Gorsuch's nomination.^[74]

Votes on economic affairs and regulations (click to expand)

Voted Yea on: "Department of Defense and Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education Appropriations Act, 2019" (HR 6157)

Conference Report Agreed to (93-7) on September 18, 2018

Proposed authorizing FY2019 appropriations and policies for the Departments of Defense, Health and Human Services (HHS), Labor, and Education.^[75]

Voted Yea on: "Energy and Water, Legislative Branch, and Military Construction and Veterans Affairs Appropriations Act, 2019" (HR 5895)

Conference Report Agreed to (92-5) on September 12, 2018

Proposed authorizing FY2019 appropriations and policies for the Department of Energy, water resources, the legislative branch, military construction, and the Department of Veterans Affairs, among other programs.^[76]

Voted Yea on: "Department of Defense and Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education Appropriations Act, 2019" (HR 6157)

Bill Passed (85-7) on August 23, 2018

Proposed authorizing FY2019 appropriations and policies for the Departments of Defense, Health and Human Services (HHS), Labor, and Education.^[77]

Voted Yea on: "Energy and Water, Legislative Branch, and Military Construction and Veterans Affairs Appropriations Act, 2019" (HR 5895)

Bill Passed (86-5) on June 25, 2018

Proposed authorizing FY2019 appropriations and policies for the Department of Energy, water resources, the legislative branch, military construction, and the Department of Veterans Affairs, among other programs.^[78]

Voted Nay on: Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 1625)

Motion Agreed to (65-32) on March 23, 2018

Proposed providing appropriations for fiscal year 2018, and for other purposes.^[79]

Voted Nay on: The Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 (HR 1892)

Motion Agreed to (71-28) on February 9, 2018

Proposed providing further continuing appropriations through March 23, 2018^[80]

Voted Yea on: Further Additional Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 695)

Cloture Motion Rejected (55-44, 3/5 majority required) on February 8, 2018

Proposed providing further continuing appropriations through March 23, 2018.^[81]

Voted Yea on: Further Additional Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 195)

Motion Agreed to (81-18) on January 22, 2018

Proposed providing further continuing appropriations through February 8, 2018.^[82]

Voted Yea on: Further Additional Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 195)

Cloture Motion Agreed to (81-18, 3/5 majority required) on January 22, 2018

Proposed providing further continuing appropriations through February 8, 2018.^[83]

Voted Yea on: Further Additional Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 195)

Cloture Motion Rejected (50-49, 3/5 majority required) on January 19, 2018

Proposed providing further continuing appropriations through January 19, 2018.^[84]

Voted Yea on: Further Additional Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 1370)

Motion Agreed to (66-32, 3/5 majority required) on December 21, 2017

Proposed providing further continuing appropriations through January 19, 2018.^[85]

Voted Yea on: Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (HR 1)

Motion Agreed to (51-48) on December 20, 2017

Proposed providing for reconciliation pursuant to titles II and V of the concurrent resolution on the budget for fiscal year 2018 and proposed changes to the tax code.^[86]

Voted Yea on: "A joint resolution making further continuing appropriations for fiscal year 2018, and for other purposes." (HJ Res 123)

Joint Resolution Passed (81-14) on December 7, 2017

Proposed funding the government until December 22, 2017.^[87]

Voted Yea on: Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (HR 1)

Bill Passed (51-49) on December 2, 2017

Proposed amending the Internal Revenue Code to reduce tax rates and modify policies, credits, and deductions for individuals and businesses.^[88]

Voted Yea on: A concurrent resolution establishing the congressional budget for the United States Government for fiscal year 2018 and setting forth the appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2019 through 2027. (H Con Res 71)

Concurrent Resolution Agreed to (51-49) on October 19, 2017

Proposed establishing the congressional budget for the United States Government for fiscal year 2018 and setting forth the appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2019 through 2027.^[89]

Voted Nay on: Disaster Relief Appropriations Act, 2017 (Included amendments to suspend the debt ceiling and fund the government) (HR 601)

Motion Agreed to (80-17) on September 7, 2017

Proposed suspending the debt ceiling and funding the government until December 8, 2017, and providing funding for Hurricanes Harvey and Irma relief efforts.^[90]

Voted Yea on: Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2017 (HR 244)

Motion Agreed to (79-18) on May 4, 2017

The $1.2 trillion budget bill proposed funding the government through the end of the fiscal year on September 30, 2017.^[91]

Votes on foreign policy and national security issues (click to expand)

Voted Nay on: "A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities in the Republic of Yemen that have not been authorized by Congress." (SJ Res 54)

Joint Resolution Passed (56-41) on December 13, 2018

Proposed removing United States Armed Forces from hostilities in the Republic of Yemen that were not authorized by Congress.^[92]

Voted Yea on: National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (HR 2810)

Bill Passed (89-8) on September 18, 2017

Proposed authorizing appropriations for fiscal year 2018 for military activities of the Department of Defense, for military construction, and for defense activities of the Department of Energy, and to prescribe military personnel strengths for such fiscal year, and for other purposes. On November 15, 2017, the Senate passed the defense policy bill by voice vote. This bill was the result of compromises made in the conference report. For more information on the compromise bill, click here.^[93]^[94]

Voted Yea on: Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (HR 3364)

Bill Passed (98-2) on July 27, 2017

Proposed providing congressional review and proposed countering aggression by the governments of Iran, the Russian Federation, and North Korea, and for other purposes.^[95]

Voted Yea on: Countering Iran's Destabilizing Activities Act of 2017 (S 722)

Bill Passed (98-2) on June 15, 2017

Proposed providing congressional review and proposed countering aggression by the governments of Iran, the Russian Federation, and North Korea, and for other purposes.^[96]

114th Congress

The first session of the 114th Congress enacted into law six out of the 2,616 introduced bills (0.2 percent). Comparatively, the 113th Congress had 1.3 percent of introduced bills enacted into law in the first session. In the second session, the 114th Congress enacted 133 out of 3,159 introduced bills (4.2 percent). Comparatively, the 113th Congress had 7.0 percent of introduced bills enacted into law in the second session.^[97]^[98] The Senate confirmed 18,117 out of 21,815 executive nominations received (83 percent). For more information pertaining to Lankford's voting record in the 114th Congress, please see the below sections.^[99]

Economic and fiscal

Trade Act of 2015

See also: The Trans-Pacific Partnership trade deal, 2015

On May 22, 2015, the Senate passed HR 1314, which was used as a legislative vehicle for trade legislation with the titles "Trade Act of 2015" and the "Bipartisan Congressional Trade Priorities and Accountability Act of 2015," by a vote of 62-37. The bill proposed giving the president trade promotion authority (TPA). TPA, also known as fast track authority, allows the president to negotiate trade deals that cannot be amended by Congress. Congress casts a simple up or down vote on a trade agreement, and the legislation only requires a simple majority for approval. The bill also included a statement of trade priorities and provisions for trade adjustment assistance. Lankford voted with 47 other Republican senators to approve the bill.^[100]^[101]
Trade promotion authority
On June 24, 2015, by a vote of 60-38, the Senate approved trade promotion authority (TPA) as part of HR 2146 - Defending Public Safety Employees' Retirement Act. Lankford was one of 47 Republicans to vote in favor of the bill. After, Senate Republican leadership honored a pledge to support trade adjustment assistance (TAA) by passing the measure as part of HR 1295 - Trade Preferences Extension Act of 2015 by voice vote. The House passed HR 1295 the following day, on June 25, 2015, and both TPA and TAA were signed into law on June 29, 2015.^[102]^[103]^[104]

2016 Budget proposal

On May 5, 2015, the Senate voted to approve SConRes11, a congressional budget proposal for fiscal year 2016, by a vote of 51-48. The non-binding resolution will be used to create 12 appropriations bills to fund the government. The vote marked the first time since 2009 that Congress approved a joint budget resolution. All 44 Democrats voted against the resolution. Lankford voted with 50 other Republican senators to approve the bill.^[105]^[106]^[107]

Defense spending authorization

On November 10, 2015, the Senate passed S 1356 - the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016 by a vote of 91-3. The second version of the $607 billion national defense bill included "$5 billion in cuts to match what was approved in the budget" and language preventing the closure of the Guantanamo Bay military prison.^[108]^[109] Lankford voted with 47 Republicans, 42 Democrats and one independent to approve the bill.^[110] On November 5, 2015, the House passed the bill by a vote of 370-58, and President Barack Obama signed it into law on November 25, 2015.^[111]

On June 18, 2015, the Senate passed HR 1735 - National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016 by a vote of 71-25. The bill "authorizes FY2016 appropriations and sets forth policies for Department of Defense (DOD) programs and activities, including military personnel strengths. It does not provide budget authority, which is provided in subsequent appropriations legislation." Lankford voted with 48 Republicans, 21 Democrats and one Independent to approve the bill.^[112] The House passed the bill on May 15, 2015.^[113] President Barack Obama vetoed the bill on October 22, 2015.^[114]

2015 budget

On October 30, 2015, the Senate passed HR 1314 - Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015 by a vote of 64-35. The bill increased military and domestic spending levels and suspended the debt ceiling until March 2017.^[115] Lankford voted with 34 Republicans against the bill.^[116] It passed the House on October 28, 2015.^[117] President Barack Obama signed it into law on November 2, 2015.

Foreign Affairs

Iran nuclear deal

See also: Iran nuclear agreement, 2015

On May 7, 2015, the Senate voted to approve HR 1191 - A bill to provide for congressional review and oversight of agreements relating to Iran's nuclear program, and for other purposes, by a vote of 98-1. The bill required President Barack Obama to submit the details of the nuclear deal with Iran for congressional review. Congress had 60 days to review the deal and vote to approve, disapprove or take no action on the deal. During the review period, sanctions on Iran could not be lifted. Lankford voted with 52 other Republican senators to approve the bill. Senator Tom Cotton (Ark.) was the only Republican who voted against the bill.^[118]^[119]

Hire More Heroes Act of 2015
On September 10, 2015, the Senate voted to filibuster the measure to disapprove of the Iran nuclear deal by a vote of 58-42.^[120] Sixty votes were needed to proceed to HJ Res 61 - the Hire More Heroes Act of 2015, the legislative vehicle the Senate was expected to use to disapprove of the Iran nuclear deal. Lankford voted with 53 other Republicans and four Democrats to proceed to the measure of disapproval.^[121]

Hire More Heroes Act of 2015 follow up votes
On September 15, 2015, the Senate voted for a second time to filibuster the measure to disapprove of the Iran nuclear deal by a vote of 56-42.^[122] Sixty votes were needed to proceed to HJ Res 61 - the Hire More Heroes Act of 2015, the legislative vehicle the Senate was expected to use to disapprove of the Iran nuclear deal. Lankford voted with 51 Republicans and four Democrats to proceed to the measure of disapproval.^[123] The legislation was voted on for a third time on September 17, and it failed for a third time by a vote of 56-42.^[124]

Hire More Heroes Act of 2015 fourth vote
On September 17, 2015, the Senate voted to filibuster a vote on S.Amdt.2656 to S.Amdt.2640 by a vote of 53-45. The amendment proposed prohibiting "the President from waiving, suspending, reducing, providing relief from, or otherwise limiting the application of sanctions pursuant to an agreement related to the nuclear program of Iran."^[125] Lankford voted with 51 Republicans and one Democrat to proceed to the amendment.^[126]

Domestic

USA FREEDOM Act of 2015

On June 2, 2015, the Senate passed HR 2048 - the Uniting and Strengthening America by Fulfilling Rights and Ensuring Effective Discipline Over Monitoring Act of 2015 or the USA FREEDOM Act of 2015 by a vote of 67-32. The legislation revised HR 3199 - the USA PATRIOT Improvement and Reauthorization Act of 2005 by terminating the bulk collection of metadata under Sec. 215 of the act, requiring increased reporting from the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court and requiring the use of "a specific selection term as the basis for national security letters that request information from wire or electronic communication service providers, financial institutions, or consumer reporting agencies." Lankford voted with 22 Republicans, 43 Democrats and one Independent to approve the legislation. It became law on June 2, 2015.^[127]^[128]

Loretta Lynch AG nomination

On April 23, 2015, the Senate voted to confirm Loretta Lynch as United States Attorney General by a vote of 56-43. All 44 Democratic senators voted to confirm Lynch. Lankford voted with 42 other Republican senators against Lynch's confirmation.^[129]

Cyber security

On October 27, 2015, the Senate passed S 754 - the Cybersecurity Information Sharing Act of 2015 by a vote of 74-21.^[130] The bill proposed procedures that would allow federal agencies and private entities to share information about cyber threats. Lankford voted with 42 Republicans, 30 Democrats and one independent in favor of the bill.^[131]

Immigration

On October 20, 2015, the Senate voted against proceeding to a vote on S 2146 - the Stop Sanctuary Policies and Protect Americans Act by a vote of 54-45. The bill proposed withholding federal funding from "sanctuary jurisdictions" that violate the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996 and other federal immigration laws. In addition, the bill proposed increasing "penalties for individuals who illegally reenter the United States after being removed" and providing "liability protection for State and local law enforcement who cooperate with Federal law enforcement."^[132] Lankford voted with 51 Republicans and two Democrats in favor of proceeding to the bill.^[133]

113th Congress

The second session of the 113th Congress enacted into law 224 out of the 3215 introduced bills (7 percent). Comparatively, the 112th Congress had 4.2 percent of introduced bills enacted into law in the second session.^[134] For more information pertaining to Lankford's voting record in the 113th Congress, please see the below sections.^[135]

National security

NDAA

Lankford voted for HR 1960 - the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2014. The bill passed the House on June 14, 2013, with a vote of 315 - 108. Both parties were somewhat divided on the vote.^[136]

DHS Appropriations

Lankford voted for HR 2217 - the DHS Appropriations Act of 2014. The bill passed the House on June 6, 2013, with a vote of 245 - 182 that was largely along party lines.^[137]

CISPA (2013)

Lankford voted for HR 624 - the CISPA (2013). The bill passed the House on April 18, 2013, with a vote of 288 - 127. The bill permitted federal intelligence agencies to share cybersecurity intelligence and information with private entities and utilities. The bill was largely supported by Republicans, but divided the Democratic Party.^[138]

Economy

Government shutdown

See also: United States budget debate, 2013

On September 30, 2013, the House passed a final stopgap spending bill before the shutdown went into effect. The bill included a one-year delay of the Affordable Care Act's individual mandate and would have also stripped the bill of federal subsidies for congressional members and staff. It passed through the House with a vote of 228-201.^[139] At 1 a.m. on October 1, 2013, one hour after the shutdown officially began, the House voted to move forward with going to a conference. In short order, Sen. Harry Reid rejected the call to conference.^[140] Lankford voted in favor of the stopgap spending bill that would have delayed the individual mandate.^[141]

The shutdown ended on October 16, 2013, when the House took a vote on HR 2775 after it was approved by the Senate. The bill to reopen the government lifted the $16.7 trillion debt limit and funded the government through January 15, 2014. Federal employees also received retroactive pay for the shutdown period. The only concession made by Senate Democrats was to require income verification for Obamacare subsidies.^[142] The House passed the legislation shortly after the Senate, by a vote of 285-144, with all 144 votes against the legislation coming from Republican members. Lankford voted against HR 2775.^[143]

Federal Pay Adjustment Elimination

Lankford voted for HR 273 - Eliminates the 2013 Statutory Pay Adjustment for Federal Employees. The bill passed the House on February 15, 2013, with a vote of 261 - 154. The bill called for stopping a 0.5 percent pay increase for all federal workers from taking effect. The raises were projected to cost $11 billion over 10 years.^[144]

Immigration

Morton Memos Prohibition

Lankford voted for House Amendment 136 - Prohibits the Enforcement of the Immigration Executive Order. The amendment was adopted by the House on June 6, 2013, with a vote of 224 - 201. The purpose of the amendment as stated on the official text is to "prohibit the use of funds to finalize, implement, administer, or enforce the Morton Memos." These memos would have granted administrative amnesty to certain individuals residing in the United States without legal status.^[145] The vote largely followed party lines.^[146]

Healthcare

Health Care Reform Rules

Lankford voted for House Amendment 450 - Requires Congressional Approval for Any Rules Under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. The amendment was adopted by the House on August 2, 2013, with a vote of 227-185. The amendment requires that all changes to the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act be approved by Congress before taking effect. The vote was largely along party lines.^[147]

Social issues

Abortion

Lankford voted for HR 1797 - Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act. The resolution passed the House on June 18, 2013, with a vote of 228 - 196 that largely followed party lines. The purpose of the bill was to ban abortions that would take place 20 or more weeks after fertilization.^[148]

Government affairs

HR 676

See also: Boehner's lawsuit against the Obama administration

On July 30, 2014, the U.S. House approved a resolution 225 to 201 to sue President Barack Obama for exceeding his constitutional authority. Five Republicans—Thomas Massie of Kentucky, Paul Broun of Georgia, Scott Garrett of New Jersey, Walter Jones of North Carolina and Steve Stockman of Texas—voted with Democrats against the lawsuit.^[149] Lankford joined the other 224 Republicans in favor of the lawsuit. All Democrats voted against the resolution.^[150]^[151]

Previous congressional sessions

Fiscal cliff

Lankford voted against the fiscal cliff compromise bill, which made permanent most of the Bush tax cuts originally passed in 2001 and 2003 while also raising tax rates on the highest income levels. He was one of 151 Republicans that voted against the bill. The bill was passed in the House by a 257 - 167 vote on January 1, 2013.^[152]

Issues

National security

Letter to Iran

On March 9, 2015, Senator Tom Cotton (R-Ark.) wrote a letter to Iran's leadership, warning them that signing a nuclear deal with the Obama administration without congressional approval constituted only an executive agreement. The letter also stated that "The next president could revoke such an executive agreement with the stroke of a pen and future Congresses could modify the terms of the agreement at any time." The letter was signed by 47 Republican members of the Senate. Lankford was one of the 47 who signed the letter. No Democrats signed it.^[153]

Members of the Obama administration and of Congress reacted to the letter.^[154] Vice President Joe Biden said of the letter, "In thirty-six years in the United States Senate, I cannot recall another instance in which senators wrote directly to advise another country — much less a longtime foreign adversary — that the president does not have the constitutional authority to reach a meaningful understanding with them."^[155]

2014 SOTU address

Lankford characterized President Barack Obama’s 2014 State of the Union address as, "an intentional provocation of congressional Republicans" and called the speech an empty attempt to rally his liberal base.^[156]

"In some ways he’s goading us, he’s going back to his base. Most of the proposals he’s laying out he already has statutory authority to do, he’s just trying to charge up his base,” Lankford said.^[156]

Elections

2022

General election

General election for U.S. Senate Oklahoma

Incumbent James Lankford defeated Madison Horn, Michael Delaney, and Kenneth Blevins in the general election for U.S. Senate Oklahoma on November 8, 2022.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	James Lankford (R)	64.3	739,960
	Madison Horn (D)	32.1	369,370
	Michael Delaney (Independent)	1.8	20,907
	Kenneth Blevins (L)	1.8	20,495

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 1,150,732
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Democratic primary runoff election

Democratic primary runoff for U.S. Senate Oklahoma

Madison Horn defeated Jason Bollinger in the Democratic primary runoff for U.S. Senate Oklahoma on August 23, 2022.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Madison Horn	65.5	60,929
	Jason Bollinger	34.5	32,121

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 93,050
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Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. Senate Oklahoma

The following candidates ran in the Democratic primary for U.S. Senate Oklahoma on June 28, 2022.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Madison Horn	37.2	60,691
✔	Jason Bollinger	16.8	27,374
	Dennis Baker	13.8	22,467
	Jo Glenn	13.0	21,198
	Brandon Wade	12.2	19,986
	Arya Azma	7.0	11,478

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 163,194
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Republican primary election

Republican primary for U.S. Senate Oklahoma

Incumbent James Lankford defeated Jackson Lahmeyer and Joan Farr in the Republican primary for U.S. Senate Oklahoma on June 28, 2022.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	James Lankford	67.8	243,132
	Jackson Lahmeyer	26.4	94,572
	Joan Farr	5.8	20,761

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 358,465
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Nathan Dahm (R)

Libertarian primary election

The Libertarian primary election was canceled. Kenneth Blevins advanced from the Libertarian primary for U.S. Senate Oklahoma.

2016

See also: United States Senate election in Oklahoma, 2016

Heading into the election, Ballotpedia rated Oklahoma's U.S. Senate race as safely Republican. Incumbent James Lankford (R) defeated Mike Workman (D), Robert Murphy (L), Sean Braddy (I), and Mark Beard (I) in the general election on November 8, 2016. Lankford and Workman faced no primary opposition, while Murphy defeated Dax Ewbank to win the Libertarian nomination. The primary elections took place on June 28, 2016.^[157]^[158]^[159]

**U.S. Senate, Oklahoma General Election, 2016**
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	James Lankford Incumbent	67.7%	980,892
	Democratic	Mike Workman	24.6%	355,911
	Libertarian	Robert Murphy	3%	43,421
	Independent	Sean Braddy	2.8%	40,405
	Independent	Mark Beard	1.9%	27,418
Total Votes				1,448,047
Source: Oklahoma State Election Board

**U.S. Senate, Oklahoma Libertarian Primary, 2016**
Candidate	Vote %	Votes
Robert Murphy	58.8%	1,539
Dax Ewbank	41.2%	1,077
Total Votes		2,616
Source: Oklahoma State Election Board

2014

See also: United States Senate special election in Oklahoma, 2014

Lankford won election to the U.S. Senate in the special election for the seat left vacant by the retirement of Tom Coburn (R).^[1]^[2] Lankford defeated T.W. Shannon, Jason Weger, Kevin Crow, Randy Brogdon, Eric McCray and Andy Craig in the Republican primary on June 24, 2014.^[160] He went on to defeat Constance Johnson (D) and Mark Beard (I) in the general election on November 4, 2014.^[161]

**U.S. Senate, Oklahoma Special Election, 2014**
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	James Lankford	67.9%	557,002
	Democratic	Constance Johnson	29%	237,923
	Independent	Mark Beard	3.2%	25,965
Total Votes				820,890
Source: Oklahoma State Election Board

**U.S. Senate, Oklahoma Republican Primary, 2014**
Candidate	Vote %	Votes
James Lankford	57.2%	152,658
T.W. Shannon	34.4%	91,772
Randy Brogdon	4.8%	12,924
Kevin Crow	1.1%	2,825
Andy Craig	0.9%	2,425
Eric McCray	0.9%	2,270
Jason Weger	0.7%	1,793
Total Votes		266,667
Source: Results via Associated Press

Race background

In a statement from January 20, 2014, announcing his decision to run, Lankford pointed to the health care law and the national debt as reasons for his bid.^[162] He explained, “After a great deal of thought, prayer and discussion with my family, I feel led to continue my Oklahoma common sense and principled approach to attack the deep problems in the United States Senate. The Senate is the most contentious body in our government today. Harry Reid and the Senate Democrats continue to divide America for political gain. The problems that we face as a nation will not be solved by yelling louder, they will be resolved when we put forward clear conservative solutions that the American people overwhelmingly support.”^[162]

Media

James Lankford

James Lankford, "Let's Go Take Our Country Back."

James Lankford, "Trust."

James Lankford, "Already Fighting for Oklahoma."

T.W. Shannon

T.W. Shannon, "The Dignity of Work."

T.W. Shannon, "Ethics & Integrity."

T.W. Shannon, "New Direction."

Senate Conservatives Fund

Senate Conservatives Fund, "New Generation."

Foundation for Economic Prosperity

Foundation for Economic Prosperity, "Tested and Proven."

Ad controversy

Coburn statement
The pro-Shannon group, Oklahomans for a Conservative Future, and the pro-Lankford group, Foundation for Economic Prosperity, released negative ads disparaging each of the candidates vying for Sen. Coburn’s seat. Coburn released the following statement about the growing negativity in the race: “When the U.S. Senate special election in Oklahoma began, I made a private commitment to James Lankford and T.W. Shannon that I would call out any ads I saw as untruthful. Last week I spoke out against political advertisements in Oklahoma unfairly and inaccurately attacking James Lankford. To be fair, I must also comment on the equally disappointing negative advertisements airing in the state by the Foundation for Economic Prosperity, Inc. attacking T.W. Shannon. They are wrong and should be rejected by Oklahomans. The negative on-air advertisements and untruthful mail pieces against both Lankford and Shannon should stop. This race should be about the urgent threats to our future well-being, not the political goals of outside interest groups.”^[163]

Shannon statement
In response to negative ads released about himself and Lankford in the special election for Coburn’s Senate seat, Shannon said, “I hope everyone will agree that keeping the advertising focused on issues and records will best serve the people of Oklahoma as they determine who their next U.S. Senator should be. There are real differences between Congressman Lankford and myself when it comes to our record on debt and spending, and I welcome that discussion. But I believe that discussion should remain focused on our record, and free of images showing my opponent with President Obama. I have said this before, but it bears repeating in this instance: as brothers in Christ, Congressman Lankford and I are competitors, not enemies.”^[164]

Lankford statement
Lankford responded to Shannon’s statement arguing that it was overdue and that it did not go far enough in admonishing the outside groups releasing the ads. Lankford said, “I am confident that for the past week, Oklahomans have contacted the Shannon campaign to encourage them to stop the attack ads and misrepresentations. As a result, Mr. Shannon has now issued a long overdue statement to distance himself from the TV attack ads, but apparently not the new negative attack postcards hitting mailboxes across Oklahoma today. The only item that Mr. Shannon took issue with in his statement is placing my image next to the President’s. Is Mr. Shannon supportive of the remainder of the attacks, or is he not?” ^[164]

Polls

Republican primary: Lankford v. Shannon
Poll	James Lankford	T.W. Shannon	Undecided	Margin of Error	Sample Size

SoonerPoll.com June 19-21, 2014	43.4%	34.9%	13.3%	+/-4.81	415
Note: A "0%" finding means the candidate was not a part of the poll. The polls above may not reflect all polls that have been conducted in this race. Those displayed are a random sampling chosen by Ballotpedia staff. If you would like to nominate another poll for inclusion in the table, send an email to editor@ballotpedia.org

Republican primary: Lankford v. Shannon
Poll	James Lankford	T.W. Shannon	Undecided	Other	Margin of Error	Sample Size

The Tarrance Group June 9-11, 2014	41%	34%	18%	7%	+/-4.5	500
Note: A "0%" finding means the candidate was not a part of the poll. The polls above may not reflect all polls that have been conducted in this race. Those displayed are a random sampling chosen by Ballotpedia staff. If you would like to nominate another poll for inclusion in the table, send an email to editor@ballotpedia.org

Republican primary
Poll	James Lankford	T.W. Shannon	Kevin Crow	Jason Weger	Randy Brogdon	Undecided	Margin of Error	Sample Size

Public Opinion Strategies March 16-17, 2014	37%	28%	0%	0%	7%	28%	+/-4.38	500
Tarrance Group February 10-12, 2014	47%	17%	3%	0%	0%	33%	+/-4.9	500
Harper Polling January 30-February 1, 2014	54%	18%	0%	1%	0%	27%	+/-3.91	627
Note: A "0%" finding means the candidate was not a part of the poll. The polls above may not reflect all polls that have been conducted in this race. Those displayed are a random sampling chosen by Ballotpedia staff. If you would like to nominate another poll for inclusion in the table, send an email to editor@ballotpedia.org

Endorsements

Lanford was endorsed by the following individuals:

Sen. Rand Paul^[165]
Rep. Paul Ryan^[165]
Governor Mitt Romney^[165]
Ambassador John Bolton^[165]
Phyllis Schlafly of Eagle Forum PAC^[165]

2012

See also: Oklahoma's 5th Congressional District elections, 2012

Lankford won re-election in the 2012 election for the U.S. House, representing Oklahoma's 5th District. He ran unopposed in the Republican primary on June 26, 2012, and he defeated Tom Guild (D), Robert T. Murphy (L) and Pat Martin (I) in the general election on November 6, 2012.^[166]

**U.S. House, Oklahoma District 5 General Election, 2012**
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Tom Guild	37.3%	97,504
	Republican	James Lankford Incumbent	58.7%	153,603
	Independent	Pat Martin	2.1%	5,394
	Libertarian	Robert T. Murphy	2%	5,176
Total Votes				261,677
Source: Oklahoma Secretary of State "Official Election Results, 2012 General Election"

Full history

To view the full congressional electoral history for James Lankford, click [show] to expand the section.

2010

On November 2, 2010, James Lankford won election to the United States House. He defeated Billy Coyle (D), Clark Duffe (I) and Dave White (I) in the general election.^[167]

U.S. House, Oklahoma District 5 General Election, 2010
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	James Lankford	62.5%	123,236
	Democratic	Billy Coyle	34.5%	68,074
	Independent	Clark Duffe	1.6%	3,067
	Independent	Dave White	1.4%	2,728
Total Votes				197,105

Campaign themes

2022

Ballotpedia survey responses

James Lankford did not complete Ballotpedia's 2022 Candidate Connection survey.

2016

The following issues were listed on Lankford's campaign website. For a full list of campaign themes, click here.

“

2nd Amendment: "…the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed." Before we were even a nation, Americans owned and carried guns. It is not only a distinct part of our history, it is also a Constitutional right. There is no threat from law abiding citizens who own guns for hunting, sport shooting, protection or just collecting.

Agriculture: Our nation has incredible diversity, but we do have a few things in common: we all like to eat and wear clothes, which means we need farms and ranches. A nation that cannot provide its own food and its own fuel will always be at risk. While energy continues to develop, our farms and ranches remain the most productive and innovative in the world. The modern farm is technically integrated and directly affected by global trade agreements and commodity price swings. There is no substitute for the hard work and moral tenacity of America's farmers.

Budget: Every American knows that our nation is deeply in debt. We currently owe over $19 trillion dollars in debt and our future liabilities exceed $71 trillion. President Obama and the Washington Democrats believe that the economic malaise of our nation will be solved by more government spending and debt. President Obama put our nation on a path to double our federal debt during his presidency.

Doing it Right: As Oklahomans, we want someone to recognize a problem and lead on the solution to fix it right way. I have been committed to getting things done, even in a city that fights against every conservative free market solution to every problem. I put my head down and get to work on solving the issues.

Education: Every parent wants their child to have the best education and preparation for life. In my family, we say that we are not trying to raise great kids, we are trying to raise great and godly adults. I am grateful for the many excellent teachers and administrators that have been in my children's life. As a son of a school teacher and librarian, I understand well the sacrifices made by so many educators.

^[168]

”

—James Lankford's campaign website, http://jameslankford.com/issues

Notable endorsements

See also: Ballotpedia: Our approach to covering endorsements

This section displays endorsements this individual made in elections within Ballotpedia's coverage scope.

Notable candidate endorsements by James Lankford
Endorsee	Election	Stage	Outcome
Donald Trump ^source (Conservative Party, R)	President of the United States (2024)	Primary	Won General
Mark Walker ^source (R)	U.S. Senate North Carolina (2022)	Primary	Lost Primary

Notable ballot measure endorsements by James Lankford
Measure	Position	Outcome
Oklahoma State Question 820, Marijuana Legalization Initiative (March 2023) ^source	Oppose	Defeated

Noteworthy events

2024 State Party Censure

On January 27, 2024, the Oklahoma Republican Party passed a resolution formally condemning and censuring Senator Lankford for his leadership in negotiations with congressional Democrats concerning a deal related to Southern border security.^[169]

Campaign finance summary

Ballotpedia Logo Note: The finance data shown here comes from the disclosures required of candidates and parties. Depending on the election or state, this may represent only a portion of all the funds spent on their behalf. Satellite spending groups may or may not have expended funds related to the candidate or politician on whose page you are reading this disclaimer. Campaign finance data from elections may be incomplete. For elections to federal offices, complete data can be found at the FEC website. Click here for more on federal campaign finance law and here for more on state campaign finance law.

James Lankford campaign contribution history
Year	Office	Status	Contributions	Expenditures
2022	U.S. Senate Oklahoma	Won general	$7,319,930	$5,810,569
2016	U.S. Senate, Oklahoma	Won	$7,005,796	N/A**
2014	U.S. Senate (Oklahoma)	Won	$4,277,787	N/A**
2012	U.S. House (Oklahoma, District 5)	Won	$155,958	N/A**
Grand total			$18,759,471	$5,810,569
Sources: OpenSecrets, Federal Elections Commission *This product uses the openFEC API but is not endorsed or certified by the Federal Election Commission (FEC).
** Data on expenditures is not available for this election cycle
Note: Totals above reflect only available data.

Personal Gain Index

See also: Personal Gain Index (U.S. Congress)

The Personal Gain Index (U.S. Congress) is a two-part measurement that illustrates the extent to which members of the U.S. Congress have prospered during their tenure as public servants.
It consists of two different metrics:

PGI: Change in net worth

See also: Changes in Net Worth of U.S. Senators and Representatives (Personal Gain Index) and Net worth of United States Senators and Representatives

Based on congressional financial disclosure forms and calculations made available by OpenSecrets.org, Lankford's net worth as of 2012 was estimated between $73,019 to $397,000. That averages to $235,009.50, which is lower than the average net worth of Republican House members in 2012 of $7,614,097.96. Lankford ranked as the 337th most wealthy representative in 2012.^[170] Between 2009 and 2012, Lankford‘s calculated net worth increased by an average of 35 percent per year.^[171] Between 2004 and 2012, the average annual percentage increase for a member of Congress was 15.4 percent.^[172]

James Lankford Yearly Net Worth
Year	Average Net Worth
2009	$114,512
2012	$235,009
Growth from 2009 to 2012:	105%
Average annual growth:	35%^[173]
Comparatively, the American citizen experienced a median yearly decline in net worth of -0.94%.^[174]

The data used to calculate changes in net worth may include changes resulting from assets gained through marriage, inheritance, changes in family estates and/or trusts, changes in family business ownership, and many other variables unrelated to a member's behavior in Congress.

PGI: Donation Concentration Metric

See also: The Donation Concentration Metric (U.S. Congress Personal Gain Index)

Filings required by the Federal Election Commission report on the industries that give to each candidate. Using campaign filings and information calculated by OpenSecrets.org, Ballotpedia calculated the percentage of donations by industry received by each incumbent over the course of his or her career (or 1989 and later, if elected prior to 1988). In the 113th Congress, Lankford was the chair of the Subcommittee on Energy Policy, Health Care and Entitlements. Lankford received the most donations from individuals and PACs employed by the Oil & Gas industry. Comparatively, the top industry employer in Oklahoma's 5th Congressional District was Educational services, and health care and social assistance, according to a 2012 U.S. Census survey.^[175]

From 2009-2014, 29.49 percent of Lankford's career contributions came from the top five industries as listed below.^[176]

Donation Concentration Metric graphic.png

James Lankford Campaign Contributions
Total Raised	$5,011,049
Total Spent	$4,639,946
Chair of the Subcommittee on Energy Policy, Health Care and Entitlements
Top industry in the district	Educational services, and health care and social assistance
Top five industries that contributed to campaign committee
Oil & Gas	$578,710
Retired	$402,852
Leadership PACs	$180,345
Health Professionals	$178,380
Real Estate	$137,570
% total in top industry	11.55%
% total in top two industries	19.59%
% total in top five industries	29.49%

Analysis

Ideology and leadership

See also: GovTrack's Political Spectrum & Legislative Leadership ranking

Based on an analysis of bill sponsorship by GovTrack, Lankford was a rank-and-file Republican as of July 2014.^[177] This was the same rating Lankford received in June 2013.^[178]

Like-minded colleagues

The website OpenCongress tracks the voting records of each member to determine with whom he or she votes most and least often. The results include a member from each party.^[179]

Lankford most often voted with:

Lankford least often voted with:

Lifetime voting record

See also: Lifetime voting records of United States Senators and Representatives

According to the website GovTrack, Lankford missed 0 of 269 roll call votes from January 2015 to September 2015. This amounts to 0 percent, which is better than the median of 1.6 percent among current senators as of September 2015.^[180]

Congressional staff salaries

See also: Staff salaries of United States Senators and Representatives

The website Legistorm compiles staff salary information for members of Congress. Lankford paid his congressional staff a total of $849,548 in 2011. Overall, Oklahoma ranked 19th in average salary for representative staff. The average U.S. House of Representatives congressional staff was paid $954,912.20 in fiscal year 2011.^[181]

National Journal vote ratings

See also: National Journal vote ratings

Each year National Journal publishes an analysis of how liberally or conservatively each member of Congress voted in the previous year.

2013

Lankford was one four members of the U.S. House, ranking 76th in the conservative rankings in 2013.^[182]

2012

Lankford tied with one other member of the U.S. House, ranking 75th in the conservative rankings in 2012.^[183]

2011

Lankford tied with one other member of the U.S. House, ranking 62nd in the conservative rankings in 2011.^[184]

Voting with party

The website OpenCongress tracks how often members of Congress vote with the majority of the chamber caucus.

2014

Lankford voted with the Republican Party 95.9 percent of the time, which ranked 33rd among the 233 House Republican members as of July 2014.Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; invalid names, e.g. too many

2013

Lankford voted with the Republican Party 97.0 percent of the time, which ranked 116th among the 233 House Republican members as of June 2013.Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; invalid names, e.g. too many

Personal

Note: Please contact us if the personal information below requires an update.
James Lankford and his wife, Cindy, have two daughters.^[3]

Recent news

This section links to a Google news search for the term James + Lankford + Oklahoma + House

James Lankford News Feed

Ballot measure activity

The following table details Lankford's ballot measure stances available on Ballotpedia:

Ballot measure support and opposition for James Lankford
Ballot measure	Year	Position	Status
Oklahoma State Question 820, Marijuana Legalization Initiative (March 2023)	2023	Opposed^[185]	d Defeated

External links

Search Google News for this topic

Candidate

U.S. Senate Oklahoma

Officeholder

U.S. Senate Oklahoma

Personal

Footnotes

Political offices
Preceded by Tom Coburn (R)	U.S. Senate Oklahoma 2015-Present	Succeeded by -
Preceded by Mary Fallin (R)	U.S. House Oklahoma District 5 2011-2015	Succeeded by Steve Russell (R)

[show]

Oklahoma's current delegation to the United States Congress

Senators

James Lankford (R)

Markwayne Mullin (R)

Representatives

District 1

Kevin Hern (R)

District 2

Josh Brecheen (R)

District 3

Frank Lucas (R)

District 4

Tom Cole (R)

District 5

Stephanie Bice (R)

Republican Party (7)

[run-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Politico, "James Lankford announces Senate bid," accessed January 20, 2014

[rumor-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Roll Call, "Lankford Seeks Senate as Cole Declines in Oklahoma," accessed January 20, 2014

[bio-3] 3.0 ^3.1 James Lankford U.S. Senate, "Biography," accessed April 1, 2014

[4] Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, "James Lankford," accessed January 28, 2015

[5] United States Senate, "Committee Assignments of the 115th Congress," accessed January 19, 2017

[6] United States Senate, "Committee Assignments of the 114th Congress," accessed February 17, 2015

[7] CQ.com, "House Committee Rosters for the 113th Congress," accessed January 22, 2013

[8] Congressman James Lankford, Representing the 5th District of Oklahoma, "Committees and Caucuses," accessed February 25, 2012

[9] Congress.gov, "H.R.2670 - National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024," accessed February 27, 2024

[10] Congress.gov, "H.R.6363 - Further Continuing Appropriations and Other Extensions Act, 2024," accessed February 27, 2024

[11] Congress.gov, "H.R.5860 - Continuing Appropriations Act, 2024 and Other Extensions Act," accessed February 27, 2024

[12] Congress.gov, "H.R.3746 - Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023," accessed February 27, 2024

[13] Congress.gov, "H.J.Res.7 - Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on March 13, 2020." accessed February 23, 2024

[14] Congress.gov, "H.J.Res.44 - Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives relating to "Factoring Criteria for Firearms with Attached 'Stabilizing Braces'"" accessed February 28, 2024

[15] Congress.gov, "H.J.Res.30 - Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Labor relating to 'Prudence and Loyalty in Selecting Plan Investments and Exercising Shareholder Rights'." accessed February 23, 2024

[16] Congress.gov, "H.R.3684 - Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act," accessed April 15, 2022

[17] Congress.gov, "H.R.1319 - American Rescue Plan Act of 2021," accessed April 15, 2022

[18] Congress.gov, "H.R.5376 - Inflation Reduction Act of 2022," accessed January 20, 2023

[19] Congress.gov, "S.1605 - National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022," accessed April 15, 2022

[20] Congress.gov, "H.R.7776 - James M. Inhofe National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023," accessed January 20, 2023

[21] Congress.gov, "S.3373 - Sergeant First Class Heath Robinson Honoring our Promise to Address Comprehensive Toxics Act of 2022," accessed January 20, 2023

[22] Congress.gov, "H.R.4346 - Chips and Science Act," accessed January 20, 2023

[23] Congress.gov, "H.R.3755 - Women's Health Protection Act of 2021," accessed April 15, 2022

[24] Congress.gov, "H.R.2471 - Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2022," accessed January 20, 2023

[25] Congress.gov, "H.R.8404 - Respect for Marriage Act," accessed January 20, 2023

[26] Congress.gov, "H.R.6833 - Continuing Appropriations and Ukraine Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2023," accessed January 20, 2023

[27] Congress.gov, "S.937 - COVID-19 Hate Crimes Act," accessed April 15, 2022

[28] Congress.gov, "H.R.3076 - Postal Service Reform Act of 2022," accessed January 23, 2023

[29] Congress.gov, "S.2938 - Bipartisan Safer Communities Act," accessed January 20, 2023

[30] Congress.gov, "H.R.5305 - Extending Government Funding and Delivering Emergency Assistance Act," accessed January 23, 2023

[31] Congress.gov, "H.Res.24 - Impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors.," accessed April 15, 2022

[32] Congress.gov, "H.R.350 - Domestic Terrorism Prevention Act of 2022," accessed January 23, 2023

[33] Congress.gov, "S.Con.Res.14 - A concurrent resolution setting forth the congressional budget for the United States Government for fiscal year 2022 and setting forth the appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2023 through 2031.," accessed April 15, 2022

[34] Congress.gov, "H.R.5746 - Freedom to Vote: John R. Lewis Act," accessed January 20, 2023

[35] Congress.gov, "H.R.2617 - Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023," accessed January 20, 2023

[36] Congress.gov, "H.R.748 - CARES Act," accessed March 22, 2024

[37] Congress.gov, "S.1790 - National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020," accessed April 27, 2024

[38] Congress.gov, "H.R.6201 - Families First Coronavirus Response Act," accessed April 27, 2024

[39] Congress.gov, "H.R.1865 - Further Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2020," accessed April 27, 2024

[40] Congress.gov, "H.R.6074 - Coronavirus Preparedness and Response Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2020," accessed April 27, 2024

[41] Congress.gov, "H.J.Res.31 - Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2019," accessed April 27, 2024

[42] Congress.gov, "S.47 - John D. Dingell, Jr. Conservation, Management, and Recreation Act," accessed April 27, 2024

[43] Congress.gov, "H.R.6395 - William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021," accessed April 27, 2024

[44] Congress.gov, "H.R.6395 - William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021," accessed April 27, 2024

[45] Congress.gov, "S.1 - Strengthening America's Security in the Middle East Act of 2019," accessed April 27, 2024

[46] Congress.gov, "H.R.8337 - Continuing Appropriations Act, 2021 and Other Extensions Act," accessed April 27, 2024

[47] Congress.gov, "H.R.1158 - Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2020," accessed April 27, 2024

[48] Congress.gov, "H.R.3055 - Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2020, and Further Health Extenders Act of 2019," accessed April 27, 2024

[49] Congress.gov, "H.R.1327 - Never Forget the Heroes: James Zadroga, Ray Pfeifer, and Luis Alvarez Permanent Authorization of the September 11th Victim Compensation Fund Act," accessed April 27, 2024

[50] Congress.gov, "H.Res.755 - Impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors.," accessed April 28, 2024

[51] Congress.gov, "H.Res.755 - Impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors.," accessed April 28, 2024

[52] Congress.gov, “H.R.5430 - United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement Implementation Act,” accessed April 28, 2024

[53] Congress.gov, "S.151 - Pallone-Thune Telephone Robocall Abuse Criminal Enforcement and Deterrence Act" accessed April 28, 2024

[54] Congress.gov, "H.R.3401 - Emergency Supplemental Appropriations for Humanitarian Assistance and Security at the Southern Border Act, 2019,' accessed April 28, 2024

[55] Congress.gov, "H.R.2157 - Additional Supplemental Appropriations for Disaster Relief Act, 2019," accessed April 28, 2024

[56] Congress.gov, "H.J.Res.46 - Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on February 15, 2019.," accessed April 28, 2024

[57] Senate.gov, "On the Motion (Motion to Concur in the House Amendment with an Amendment)," December 18, 2018

[58] Senate.gov, "On the Conference Report (Conference Report to Accompany H.R. 2)," December 11, 2018

[59] Senate.gov, "On the Nomination (Confirmation Brett M. Kavanaugh, of Maryland, to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States)," October 6, 2018

[60] Senate.gov, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture Re: Brett M. Kavanaugh to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States)," October 5, 2018

[61] Senate.gov, "On Passage of the Bill (H.R. 2, As Amended)," June 28, 2018

[62] Senate.gov, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture on Amdt. No. 1959)," February 15, 2018

[63] Senate.gov, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture on Amdt. No. 1958 As Modified)," February 15, 2018

[64] Senate.gov, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture on Amdt. No. 1948)," February 15, 2018

[65] Senate.gov, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture on Amdt. No. 1955)," February 15, 2018

[66] Senate.gov, "On Cloture on the Motion to Proceed (Motion to Invoke Cloture on the Motion to Proceed to the Consideration of S. 2311)," January 29, 2018

[67] Senate.gov, "On the Amendment (McConnell Amdt. No. 667)," July 28, 2017

[68] Senate.gov, "On the Amendment (Paul Amdt. No. 271 )," July 26, 2017

[69] Senate.gov, "On the Motion (Motion to Waive All Applicable Budgetary Discipline Re: Amdt. No. 270)," July 25, 2017

[70] Senate.gov, "On the Motion to Proceed (Motion to Proceed to H.R. 1628)," July 25, 2017

[71] U.S. Senate, "On the Nomination (Confirmation: Neil M. Gorsuch, of Colorado, to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States)," April 7, 2017

[72] U.S. Senate, "On the Cloture Motion (Upon Reconsideration, Motion to Invoke Cloture on the Nomination of Neil M. Gorsuch of Colorado, to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States)," April 6, 2017

[73] U.S. Senate, "On the Decision of the Chair (Shall the Decision of the Chair Stand as the Judgment of the Senate?)," April 6, 2017

[74] U.S. Senate, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture on the Nomination of Neil M. Gorsuch, of Colorado, to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States)," April 6, 2017

[75] Senate.gov, "On the Conference Report (Conference Report to Accompany H.R. 6157)," September 18, 2018

[76] Senate.gov, "On the Conference Report (Conference Report to Accompany H.R. 5895)," September 12, 2018

[77] Senate.gov, "On Passage of the Bill (H. R. 6157 As Amended)," August 23, 2018

[78] Senate.gov, "On Passage of the Bill (H.R. 5895 As Amended)," June 25, 2018

[79] Senate.gov, "On the Motion (Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to the Senate Amendment to H.R. 1625)," March 23, 2018

[80] Senate.gov, "On the Motion (Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to the Senate Amendment to H.R. 1892 with an Amendment (SA 1930))," February 9, 2018

[81] Senate.gov, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture on the Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to the Senate Amendment to H.R. 695)," February 8, 2018

[82] Senate.gov, "On the Motion (Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to the Senate Amendment with Further Amendment)," January 22, 2018

[83] Senate.gov, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture: Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to the Senate Amendment to H.R. 195)," January 22, 2018

[84] Senate.gov, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture: House Amendment to the Senate Amendment to H.R. 195)," January 19, 2018

[85] Senate.gov, "On the Motion (Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to the Senate Amendment to H.R. 1370)," December 21, 2017

[86] Senate.gov, "On the Motion to Recede from the Senate Amendment to H.R. 1 and Concur with Further Amendment ," December 20, 2017

[87] Senate.gov, "On the Joint Resolution (H.J. Res. 123)," December 7, 2017

[88] Senate.gov, "On Passage of the Bill (H.R. 1 As Amended )," December 2, 2017

[89] Senate.gov, "On the Concurrent Resolution (H. Con. Res. 71 As Amended)," October 19, 2017

[90] Senate.gov, "On the Motion (Motion to Concur in the House Amdt. to the Senate Amdt. with an Amdt. No. 808 to H.R. 601)," September 7, 2017

[91] U.S. Senate, "On the Motion (Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to the Senate Amendment to H.R. 244)," May 4, 2017

[92] Senate.gov, "On the Joint Resolution (S.J. Res. 54, As Amended), December 13, 2018

[93] Senate.gov, "On Passage of the Bill (H.R. 2810 As Amended)," September 18, 2017

[finalndaa-94] The Hill, "Senate sends $692B defense policy bill to Trump's desk," November 15, 2017

[95] Senate.gov, "On Passage of the Bill (H.R. 3364)," July 27, 2017

[96] Senate.gov, "On Passage of the Bill (S. 722 As Amended)," June 15, 2017

[97] Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, First Session of the 113th Congress," accessed April 29, 2015

[98] Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, Second Session of the 114th Congress," accessed January 5, 2017

[99] Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, First Session of the One Hundred Fourteenth Congress," April 13, 2015

[100] Congress.gov, "HR 1314," accessed May 25, 2015

[101] Senate.gov, "H.R. 1314 (Ensuring Tax Exempt Organizations the Right to Appeal Act)," accessed May 25, 2015

[102] Senate.gov, "Roll Call for HR 2146," June 24, 2015

[103] The Hill, "Senate approves fast-track, sending trade bill to White House," June 24, 2015

[104] The Hill, "Obama signs trade bills," June 29, 2015

[105] Congress.gov, "S.Con.Res.11," accessed May 5, 2015

[106] Senate.gov, "On the Conference Report (Conference Report to Accompany S. Con. Res. 11)," accessed May 5, 2015

[107] The Hill, "Republicans pass a budget, flexing power of majority," accessed May 5, 2015

[108] The Hill, "Redone defense policy bill sails through House," accessed November 12, 2015

[109] Congress.gov, "S. 1356," accessed November 12, 2015

[110] Senate.gov, "On the Motion (Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to S. 1356)," accessed November 12, 2015

[111] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 618," accessed November 12, 2015

[112] Senate.gov, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture Re: Conference Report to Accompany H.R. 1735)," accessed October 6, 2015

[113] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 239," accessed May 27, 2015

[114] Congress.gov, "H.R. 1735," accessed May 27, 2015

[115] Congress.gov, "HR 1314 - Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015," accessed November 1, 2015

[116] Senate.gov, "On the Motion (Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to the Senate Amendment to H.R. 1314)," accessed November 1, 2015

[117] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 579," accessed November 1, 2015

[118] Congress.gov, "HR 1191," accessed May 8, 2015

[119] Senate.gov, "H.R. 1191," accessed May 8, 2015

[120] Congress.gov, "S.Amdt.2640 to H.J.Res.61," accessed September 10, 2015

[121] Congress.gov, "HJ Res 61," accessed September 10, 2015

[122] Senates.gov, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture on McConnell Amdt. No. 2640 )," accessed September 16, 2015

[123] Congress.gov, "HJ Res 61," accessed September 10, 2015

[vote3-124] Senate.gov, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture on McConnell Amdt. No. 2640 )," accessed September 17, 2015

[125] Congress.gov, "S.Amdt.2656 to S.Amdt.2640," accessed September 17, 2015

[samdt2656vote-126] Senate.gov, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture on McConnell Amdt. No. 2656)," accessed September 17, 2015

[127] Congress.gov, "H.R.2048," accessed May 26, 2015

[128] Senate.gov, "On Passage of the Bill (H.R. 2048)," accessed June 2, 2015

[129] Senate.gov, "On the Nomination (Confirmation Loretta E. Lynch, of New York, to be Attorney General)," accessed April 29, 2015

[s754-130] Congress.gov, "S 754," accessed November 1, 2015

[131] Senate.gov, "On Passage of the Bill (S. 754, As Amended)," accessed November 1, 2015

[132] Congress.gov, "S 2146," accessed November 2, 2015

[133] Senate.gov, "On Cloture on the Motion to Proceed (Motion to Invoke Cloture on the Motion to Proceed to S. 2146)," accessed November 2, 2015

[134] Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, First Session of the 112th Congress," accessed September 5, 2013

[135] Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, Second Session of the 113th Congress," accessed March 4, 2014

[136] Project Vote Smart, "HR 1960 - National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2014 - Voting Record," accessed September 16, 2013

[137] Project Vote Smart, "HR 2217 - DHS Appropriations Act of 2014 - Voting Record," accessed September 16, 2013

[138] Project Vote Smart, "HR 624 - CISPA (2013) - Voting Record," accessed September 16, 2013

[139] Clerk of the U.S. House, "Final vote results for Roll Call 504," accessed October 31, 2013

[140] Buzzfeed, "Government shutdown: How we got here," accessed October 1, 2013

[141] Clerk of the U.S. House, "Final vote results for Roll Call 504," accessed October 31, 2013

[142] The Washington Post, "Reid, McConnell propose bipartisan Senate bill to end shutdown, extend borrowing," accessed October 16, 2013

[143] U.S. House, "Final vote results for Roll Call 550," accessed October 31, 2013

[144] Project Vote Smart, "HR 273 - Eliminates the 2013 Statutory Pay Adjustment for Federal Employees - Voting Record," accessed September 16, 2013

[145] The Library of Congress, "H.AMDT.136," accessed September 16, 2013

[146] Project Vote Smart, "H Amdt 136 - Prohibits the Enforcement of the Immigration Executive Order - Voting Record," accessed September 16, 2013

[147] Project Vote Smart, "H Amdt 450 - Requires Congressional Approval for Any Rules Under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act - Voting Record," accessed September 16, 2013

[148] Project Vote Smart, "HR 1797 - Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act - Voting Record," accessed September 16, 2013

[149] U.S. House, "House Resolution 676," accessed July 30, 2014

[150] Associated Press, "Suing Obama: GOP-led House gives the go-ahead," July 31, 2014

[151] Washington Post, "House clears way for lawsuit against Obama," accessed July 30, 2014

[152] U.S. House, "Roll Call Vote on the Fiscal Cliff," accessed January 4, 2013

[153] The Wall Street Journal, "Text of GOP Senators’ Letter to Iran’s Leaders on Nuclear Talks," March 9, 2015

[154] Politico, "Iran letter blowback startles GOP," March 12, 2015

[155] Fox News, "Firestorm erupts over GOP letter challenging Obama's power to approve Iran nuclear deal," March 10, 2015

[sotu-156] 156.0 ^156.1 Politico, "Lankford: Obama speech 'goading' GOP," accessed January 29, 2014

[list16-157] Oklahoma State Election Board, "CANDIDATES FOR STATE ELECTIVE OFFICE 2016," accessed April 16, 2016

[primary16-158] Politico, "Oklahoma Senate Races Results," June 28, 2016

[159] The New York Times, "Election Results," accessed November 8, 2016

[ap-160] Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named ap

[results-161] Politico, "2014 Oklahoma Special Senate Election Results," accessed November 5, 2014

[bid-162] 162.0 ^162.1 Real Clear Politics, "Rep. Lankford to seek Coburn's Senate seat," accessed January 20, 2014

[163] NewsOk.com, "Lankford features Coburn in new ad; Coburn calls out pro-Lankford group," accessed June 19, 2014

[ads-164] 164.0 ^164.1 NewsOk.com, "T.W. Shannon says outside groups should stick to issues, records in U.S. Senate race," accessed June 19, 2014

[okie-165] 165.0 ^165.1 ^165.2 ^165.3 ^165.4 The Okie, "Another Endorsement: Rand Likes Lankford," accessed September 30, 2014

[166] Politico, "2012 Election Map," accessed November 6, 2012

[167] U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 2, 2010," accessed March 28, 2013

[quotedisclaimer-168] Note: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are attributable to the original source.

[169] ‘’The Washington Times,’’ “Sen. James Lankford, lead Republican negotiator on border deal, censured by home state GOP,” accessed January 29, 2024

[170] Open Secrets, "Lankford, 2012," accessed January 14, 2014

[171] This figure represents the total percentage growth from either 2004 (if the member entered office in 2004 or earlier) or the member's first year in office (as noted in the chart below).

[172] This number was found by dividing each member's total net worth growth percentage by the number of years included in the calculation.

[173] This figure represents the total percentage growth divided by the number of years for which there are net worth figures for each member.

[174] This figure was calculated using median asset data from the Census Bureau. Please see the Congressional Net Worth data for Ballotpedia spreadsheet for more information on this calculation.

[175] Census.gov, "My Congressional District," accessed September 30, 2014

[176] OpenSecrets.org, "Rep. James Lankford," accessed September 29, 2014

[177] GovTrack, "James Lankford," accessed July 22, 2014

[178] GovTrack, "James Lankford," accessed June 7, 2013

[179] OpenCongress, "James Lankford," accessed September 23, 2015

[180] GovTrack, "James Lankford," accessed September 23, 2015

[181] LegiStorm, "James Lankford," accessed September 24, 2012

[182] National Journal, "2013 Congressional Vote Ratings," July 22, 2014

[183] National Journal, "2012 Congressional Vote Ratings," March 7, 2013

[184] National Journal, "Searchable Vote Ratings Tables: House," accessed February 23, 2012

[185] Marijuana Moment, "Oklahoma GOP Leaders Urge Voters To Reject Marijuana Legalization Measure On Ballot Next Week," February 27, 2023

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