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Journals
Processes
Special Issues
Recent Advances in Efficient Contaminant Removal Technologies for Wastewater
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Recent Advances in Efficient Contaminant Removal Technologies for Wastewater

A special issue of Processes (ISSN 2227-9717). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental and Green Processes".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2025 | Viewed by 697

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Pablo R. Salgado

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Departamento de Ingeniería Civil, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción 4090541, Chile
Interests: green synthesis nanoparticles; photocatalysis; fenton-like heterogeneous reactions; adsorption
Dr. Germán Giácoman-Vallejos

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán (UADY), Mérida 97203, Yucatán, Mexico
Interests: environmental engineering; environmental pollution; environmental technology; biotechnology
Dr. Adolfo Henríquez

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile
Interests: photocatalysis; green chemistry

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

With over two billion people worldwide facing water scarcity, it is crucial to recognize the importance of clean water. Wastewater, often viewed as a waste product, can actually be a valuable resource if properly treated and reused. This Special Issue aims to address the urgent challenges related to natural water contamination and the treatment and reuse of wastewater. The focus of this Special Issue, “Recent Advances in Efficient Contaminant Removal Technologies for Wastewater”, is to showcase high-quality research on innovative approaches to managing aquatic environments, with a specific emphasis on advanced treatment methods and sustainable solutions. Some potential topics to be covered include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Homogeneous and heterogeneous advanced oxidation processes.
  • Immobilized nanoparticles for contaminant removal.
  • Adsorption processes.
  • Hydrogel and aerogel technologies.
  • Sustainable solutions such as biomass-based adsorbents, nature-based solutions, waste valorization, solar photocatalysis, LED lights for photocatalysis, and in situ synthesis of H2O2 for Fenton reactions.
  • Production and toxicity of by-products.
  • Molecular simulations.
  • Pilot-scale systems.

Dr. Pablo R. Salgado
Dr. Germán Giácoman-Vallejos
Dr. Adolfo Henríquez
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Processes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • advanced oxidation processes
  • adsorption
  • sustainable solutions
  • nanomaterials
  • heavy metals
  • nutrients
  • pharmaceuticals
  • dyes
  • microplastics

Benefits of Publishing in a Special Issue

  • Ease of navigation: Grouping papers by topic helps scholars navigate broad scope journals more efficiently.
  • Greater discoverability: Special Issues support the reach and impact of scientific research. Articles in Special Issues are more discoverable and cited more frequently.
  • Expansion of research network: Special Issues facilitate connections among authors, fostering scientific collaborations.
  • External promotion: Articles in Special Issues are often promoted through the journal's social media, increasing their visibility.
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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

29 pages, 1445 KiB  
Review
Algal-Based Carbonaceous Materials for Environmental Remediation: Advances in Wastewater Treatment, Carbon Sequestration, and Biofuel Applications
by Lázaro Adrián González Fernández, Nahum Andrés Medellín Castillo, Manuel Sánchez Polo, Amado Enrique Navarro Frómeta and Javier Ernesto Vilasó Cadre
Processes 2025, 13(2), 556; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13020556 - 16 Feb 2025
Viewed by 308
Abstract
Water pollution from industrial, municipal, and agricultural sources is a pressing global concern, necessitating the development of sustainable and efficient treatment solutions. Algal biomass has emerged as a promising feedstock for the production of carbonaceous adsorbents due to its rapid growth, high photosynthetic [...] Read more.
Water pollution from industrial, municipal, and agricultural sources is a pressing global concern, necessitating the development of sustainable and efficient treatment solutions. Algal biomass has emerged as a promising feedstock for the production of carbonaceous adsorbents due to its rapid growth, high photosynthetic efficiency, and ability to thrive in wastewater. This review examines the conversion of algal biomass into biochar and hydrochar through pyrolysis and hydrothermal processes, respectively, and evaluates their potential applications in wastewater treatment, carbon sequestration, and biofuel production. Pyrolyzed algal biochars typically exhibit a moderate to high carbon content and a porous structure but require activation treatments (e.g., KOH or ZnCl2) to enhance their surface area and adsorption capabilities. Hydrothermal carbonization, conducted at lower temperatures (180–260 °C), produces hydrochars rich in oxygenated functional groups with enhanced cation exchange capacities, making them effective for pollutant removal. Algal-derived biochars and hydrochars have been successfully applied for the adsorption of heavy metals, dyes, and pharmaceutical contaminants, with adsorption capacities significantly increasing through post-treatment modifications. Beyond wastewater treatment, algal biochars serve as effective carbon sequestration materials due to their stable structure and high carbon retention. Their application as soil amendments enhances long-term carbon storage and improves soil fertility. Additionally, algal biomass plays a key role in biofuel production, particularly for biodiesel synthesis, where microalgae’s high lipid content facilitates bio-oil generation. Hydrochars, with energy values in the range of 20–26 MJ/kg, are viable solid fuels for combustion and co-firing, supporting renewable energy generation. Furthermore, the integration of these materials into bioenergy systems allows for waste valorization, pollution control, and energy recovery, contributing to a sustainable circular economy. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of algal-derived biochars and hydrochars, emphasizing their physicochemical properties, adsorption performance, and post-treatment modifications. It explores their feasibility for large-scale wastewater remediation, carbon capture, and bioenergy applications, addressing current challenges and future research directions. By advancing the understanding of algal biomass as a multifunctional resource, this study highlights its potential for environmental sustainability and energy innovation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Efficient Contaminant Removal Technologies for Wastewater)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Figure 1
<p>Diagram of algal structures: (<b>a</b>) <span class="html-italic">Porphyra umbilicalis</span> (macroalgae); (<b>b</b>) <span class="html-italic">Scenedesmus</span> (microalgae). Reproduced from Pereira, 2021 [<a href="#B21-processes-13-00556" class="html-bibr">21</a>], under terms of Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license.</p> Full article ">Figure 2
<p>Possible mechanisms of interaction between hydrochar surfaces and (<b>a</b>) heavy metals, (<b>b</b>) dyes, and (<b>c</b>) pharmaceuticals. Images reused from Petrović et al., 2024 [<a href="#B42-processes-13-00556" class="html-bibr">42</a>], in accordance with Creative Commons Attribution license (CC BY).</p> Full article ">Figure 3
<p>Photosynthetic carbon assimilation process in algae. Image reused from Li and Yao, 2024 [<a href="#B93-processes-13-00556" class="html-bibr">93</a>], in accordance with Creative Commons Attribution license (CC BY).</p> Full article ">Figure 4
<p>Biofuel generation process from algae. Image reused from Li and Yao, 2024 [<a href="#B93-processes-13-00556" class="html-bibr">93</a>], in accordance with Creative Commons Attribution license (CC BY).</p> Full article ">
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