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Soil and Water Management: Practices to Mitigate Nutrient Losses in...
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Soil and Water Management: Practices to Mitigate Nutrient Losses in Agricultural Watersheds, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Soil and Water".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 February 2025 | Viewed by 1278

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Lizhi Jia

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
Interests: soil erosion; soil quality; land degradation; soil and water conservation; ecological engineering
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Yuan Tian

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
Interests: trace element; environmental health; biogeochemical cycle; drinking water quality; soil pollution; spatial analysis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nutrient losses in agricultural watersheds have negative impacts on both water quality and ecosystems. Therefore, it is crucial to adopt soil and water management practices that can significantly mitigate nutrient losses in agricultural watersheds and minimize their negative impacts. Considering this challenge, we call for articles on the following topics: (1) The mechanisms of nutrient transport in agricultural watersheds. (2) Methods for the quantitative assessment of nutrient losses in agricultural watersheds. (3) The damages caused by nutrient losses in agricultural watersheds. (4) Practices that can be used for mitigating nutrient losses in agricultural watersheds, including conservation tillage, cover crops, precision agriculture, etc.

Dr. Lizhi Jia
Dr. Yuan Tian
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biogeochemical cycle
  • soil pollution
  • soil quality
  • conservation tillage
  • precision agriculture
  • nutrient losses
  • migration mechanism

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 19289 KiB  
Article
Soil–Plant Carbon Pool Variations Subjected to Agricultural Drainage in Xingkai Lake Wetlands
by Wei Wang, Lianxi Sheng, Xiaofei Yu, Jingyao Zhang, Pengcheng Su and Yuanchun Zou
Water 2025, 17(1), 125; https://doi.org/10.3390/w17010125 - 5 Jan 2025
Viewed by 371
Abstract
This study examines the responses of soil organic carbon (SOC) pools and their components to agricultural water drainage in paddy fields, with a focus on the wetland–paddy field ecotone of Xingkai Lake, a transboundary lake shared by China and Russia. Field investigations targeted [...] Read more.
This study examines the responses of soil organic carbon (SOC) pools and their components to agricultural water drainage in paddy fields, with a focus on the wetland–paddy field ecotone of Xingkai Lake, a transboundary lake shared by China and Russia. Field investigations targeted three representative wetland vegetation types: Glyceria spiculosa (G), Phragmites australis (P), and Typha orientalis (T), across drainage durations ranging from 0 to over 50 years. SOC fractions, including light fraction organic carbon (LFOC), heavy fraction organic carbon (HFOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and microbial biomass carbon (MBC), were systematically analyzed. The results revealed that SOC components in T and P wetlands steadily increased with drainage duration, whereas those in G wetlands exhibited a fluctuating pattern. SOC dynamics were primarily driven by LFOC, while MBC displayed species-specific variations. Correlation analyses and structural equation modeling (SEM) demonstrated that soil physicochemical properties, such as total nitrogen and moisture content, exerted a stronger influence on SOC fractions than microbial biomass. Overall, water drawdown significantly altered SOC dynamics, with distinct responses observed across vegetation types and wetland ages. This study provides critical data and theoretical insights for optimizing carbon sequestration and hydrological management in wetland–paddy field systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soil and Water Management: Practices to Mitigate Nutrient Losses in Agricultural Watersheds, 2nd Edition)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Figure 1
<p>(<b>a</b>) represents the sampling diagram; (<b>b</b>) represents the workflow diagram.</p> Full article ">Figure 2
<p>Comparison of wetland water and farmland drainage sources. COD<sub>Mn</sub>′, BOD<sub>5</sub>′, Fe<sup>3</sup>⁺′, Fe<sup>2</sup>⁺′, TN′, and TP′ correspond to agricultural drainage water, whereas COD<sub>Mn</sub>, BOD<sub>5</sub>, Fe<sup>3</sup>⁺, Fe<sup>2</sup>⁺, TN, and TP refer to wetland surface water. The plots B, C, D, E, and F in the figure represent the wetland drainage sources and the farmland drainage sources discharging into these plots, respectively.</p> Full article ">Figure 3
<p>Changes in plant biomass under different years of water withdrawal. (<b>a</b>) Soil associated with <span class="html-italic">Glyceria spiculose</span>; (<b>b</b>) soil associated with <span class="html-italic">Phragmites australis</span>; (<b>c</b>) soil associated with <span class="html-italic">Typha orientalis</span>.</p> Full article ">Figure 4
<p>Changes in physical and chemical properties under different years of water withdrawal. (<b>a</b>) Soil associated with G; (<b>b</b>) soil associated with P; (<b>c</b>) soil associated with T; (<b>d</b>) the water content of the soil of G; (<b>e</b>) the water content of the soil of P; (<b>f</b>) the water content of the soil of T. TP represents the total amount of all phosphorus forms in the soil, including inorganic phosphorus and organic phosphorus, and serves as an important indicator of soil phosphorus reserves. AP, on the other hand, refers to the forms of phosphorus that plants can directly absorb and utilize, including water-soluble phosphorus and weakly adsorbed phosphorus.</p> Full article ">Figure 5
<p>Changes in organic carbon composition under different years of water withdrawal. (<b>a</b>) Soil associated with G; (<b>b</b>) soil associated with P; (<b>c</b>) soil associated with T; (<b>d</b>) dissolved organic carbon in the soil of G; (<b>e</b>) dissolved organic carbon in the soil of P; (<b>f</b>) dissolved organic carbon in the soil of T.</p> Full article ">Figure 6
<p>Changes in microbial biomass under different years of water withdrawal. (<b>a</b>) Soil associated with G; (<b>b</b>) soil associated with P; (<b>c</b>) soil associated with T.</p> Full article ">Figure 7
<p>Changes in total soil iron and available iron under different years of water withdrawal. (<b>a</b>) Soil associated with G; (<b>b</b>) soil associated with P; (<b>c</b>) soil associated with T.</p> Full article ">Figure 8
<p>The correlation coefficients among the parameters. Statistical significance is denoted as *** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001, ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01, and * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05. Red represents a positive correlation, and blue represents a negative correlation. The intensity of the color corresponds to the strength of the significance, with darker shades indicating stronger significance. (<b>a</b>) Soil associated with G; (<b>b</b>) soil associated with P; (<b>c</b>) soil associated with T.</p> Full article ">Figure 8 Cont.
<p>The correlation coefficients among the parameters. Statistical significance is denoted as *** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001, ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01, and * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05. Red represents a positive correlation, and blue represents a negative correlation. The intensity of the color corresponds to the strength of the significance, with darker shades indicating stronger significance. (<b>a</b>) Soil associated with G; (<b>b</b>) soil associated with P; (<b>c</b>) soil associated with T.</p> Full article ">Figure 9
<p>The path coefficient and significance test results of the PLS-SEM. (<b>a</b>) The path coefficients and significance testing results of PLS-SEM with G; (<b>b</b>) the path coefficients and significance testing results of PLS-SEM with P; (<b>c</b>) the path coefficients and significance testing results of PLS-SEM with T. Pathway significance is indicated as *** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001, ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01, and * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05. Bold solid arrows denote significant correlations, whereas red dashed arrows represent non-significant correlations.</p> Full article ">
14 pages, 4768 KiB  
Article
The Quantification of the Ecosystem Services of Forming Ridges in No-Tillage Farming in the Purple Soil Region of China: A Meta-Analysis
by Lizhi Jia
Water 2024, 16(18), 2675; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16182675 - 20 Sep 2024
Viewed by 659
Abstract
Forming ridges in no-tillage farming (FRNF) is an important conservation tillage practice in the purple soil region of China. Whether FRNF will enhance ecosystem services remains unclear. There is a lack of a systematic quantitative research about the effect of FRNF on ecosystem [...] Read more.
Forming ridges in no-tillage farming (FRNF) is an important conservation tillage practice in the purple soil region of China. Whether FRNF will enhance ecosystem services remains unclear. There is a lack of a systematic quantitative research about the effect of FRNF on ecosystem services. We collected 611 data entries from 21 previous publications to quantitatively evaluate the effects of FRNF on runoff and sediment loss, soil physicochemical properties and biomass. The results showed that compared with conventional tillage, (1) FRNF reduced runoff and sediment loss by 49% and 73%, respectively, due to the blocking effect of the ridge-ditch structure; (2) FRNF increased the concentrations of soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium by 15%, 14%, 30%, 58% and 17%, respectively; (3) FRNF decreased soil bulk density on the ridges by 11% and increased soil moisture content in the furrows by 28%, while it had insignificant effects on soil bulk density in the furrows and soil moisture content on the ridges; and (4) FRNF increased aboveground and belowground biomass (maize, oilseed rape, potato, sweet potato and wheat) by 23% and 63%, respectively. Overall, these results highlighted the importance of FRNF in regulating soil erosion, physicochemical properties and biomasses in the purple soil region of China. The implementation of FRNF in this region could significantly improve the ecosystem services in agro-ecosystems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soil and Water Management: Practices to Mitigate Nutrient Losses in Agricultural Watersheds, 2nd Edition)
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Figure 1

Figure 1
<p>The implementation of forming ridges in no-tillage farming (FRNF) on slope ((<b>A</b>) slope farmland before the implementation of forming ridges in no-tillage farming, (<b>B</b>) grid-like geomorphologic pattern of ridge-and-furrow; (<b>C</b>) plant dwarf plants on the ridges and high-barrel-resistant plants in the furrows).</p> Full article ">Figure 2
<p>Flow chart of this study.</p> Full article ">Figure 3
<p>Geographic distribution of the studies included in our systematic review.</p> Full article ">Figure 4
<p>Key indicators (<span class="html-italic">δ</span>) for (<b>a</b>) runoff and (<b>b</b>) sediments yield losses (the colored dots mean the value of <span class="html-italic">δ<sub>runoff</sub></span> or <span class="html-italic">δ<sub>sediment</sub><sub>,</sub></span> the dashed lines are 95% confidence intervals).</p> Full article ">Figure 5
<p>Key indicators (<span class="html-italic">δ</span>) for (<b>a</b>) SOC, (<b>b</b>) TN, (<b>c</b>) AN, (<b>d</b>) TP, (<b>e</b>) AP, (<b>f</b>) TK and (<b>g</b>) AK (the colored dots mean the value of <span class="html-italic">δ<sub>SOC</sub></span>, <span class="html-italic">δ<sub>TN</sub></span>, <span class="html-italic">δ<sub>AN</sub></span>, <span class="html-italic">δ<sub>TP</sub></span>, <span class="html-italic">δ<sub>AP</sub></span>, <span class="html-italic">δ<sub>TK,</sub> δ<sub>AK</sub></span>, the dashed lines are 95% confidence intervals).</p> Full article ">Figure 6
<p>Key indicators (<span class="html-italic">δ</span>) for (<b>a</b>) soil bulk density and (<b>b</b>) soil moisture content (the colored dots mean the value of <span class="html-italic">δ<sub>Soil Bulk Density</sub></span> and <span class="html-italic">δ<sub>Soil Moisture Content</sub></span>, the dashed lines are 95% confidence intervals).</p> Full article ">Figure 7
<p>Key indicators (<span class="html-italic">δ</span>) for aboveground and belowground biomass (the colored dots mean the value of <span class="html-italic">δ<sub>aboveground biomass</sub></span> and <span class="html-italic">δ<sub>belowground biomass</sub></span>, the dashed lines are 95% confidence intervals).</p> Full article ">
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