Zabur

Zabur ( arabcha: الزبور ) Islomga ko'ra, Dovudalayhissalomning muqaddas kitobi bo'lib, Tavrot va Injil kabi boshqa ilohiy kitoblar qatorida Alloh tomonidan Qur'ondan oldin nozil qilingan muqaddas kitoblardan biridir. Musulmon an'analariga ko'ra, Qur'onda eslatib o'tilgan Zabur Dovudning Zaburidir^[1].

Islomdan oldingi Arabistonning nasroniy rohiblari va zohidlari islomgacha bo'lgan arab she'riyatida mazmur deb nomlangan matnlar bilan bog'lanishi mumkin.Bu boshqa kontekstlarda palma barglari hujjatlariga ham murojaat qilishi mumkin^[2] .Bu ba'zilar tomonidan psalterlarga ishora sifatida talqin qilingan^[3].

Yaqin Sharq va Janubiy Osiyodagi ko'plab xristianlar orasida mazmur so'zi ( Hindustani مزمور ( Nastaʿliq ), ज़बूर( Devnagari ) ) Ibroniycha Injilda Dovudning Zaburlari uchun ishlatiladi.

Etimologiya

Arabcha zabūr so‘zi “kitob”, “yozilgan” yoki “yozuv” degan ma’noni anglatadi ^[4] .. Dastlabki manbalarda qadimgi janubiy arablarning xurmo barglaridagi yozuviga ishora qilishi mumkin^[5].

G'arb olimlarining ko'pchiligi zabūr so'zini "zabur" ma'nosida arabcha zabūr, "yozuv" so'zining ibroniycha "zabur" so'zi, mizmōr ( ivritcha: מִזְמוֹר bilan birikmasi sifatida ko'radi.) yoki uning oromiy ekvivalenti mazmūrā ( suryoniycha: ܡܙܡܘܪܐ ). ^[5]

Bu ma'noda zabūr unvonining muqobil, kamroq qabul qilingan kelib chiqishi shundaki, u ibroniycha zimrah ( ivritcha: זִמְרָה ning buzilishidir.) "qo'shiq, musiqa yoki sippūr ma'nosini anglatadi ( ivritcha: סִפּוּר ), "hikoya" degan ma'noni anglatadi. ^[6]

Qur'onda zikr qiling

Qur'onda Zabur uch marta tilga olingan. Qur'onning o'zida Zabur haqida hech narsa aytilmagan, faqat u Dovudga nozil qilingani va Zaburda "Mening bandalarim er yuziga merosxo'rdirlar" deb yozilganidan boshqa narsa aytilmagan ^[7]. Albatta, biz senga vahiy qildik, biz Nuhga va undan keyingi payg'ambarlarga vahiy qilganimizdek. Va biz Ibrohim nozil, Ismoil, Ishoq, Yoqub, avlodlari, Iso, Ayub, Yunus, Horun, va Sulaymon, va Dovudga biz kitobni berdi [ya'ni Zabur]. - Qur'on 4:163, Sahih xalqaro tarjima Va Robbingiz eng osmon va er yuzida kim biluvchidir. Va biz ba'zi payg'ambarlarni boshqalardan (turli yo'llar bilan) ustun qildik va Dovudga [Zabur nomli kitobni] berdik. - Qur'on 17: 55, Sahih xalqaro tarjima

Zaburga ulanish

Qur'onda Zabur Zaburga ishora qiladi ^[8] . Qur'on 21:105oyatida "Zabur"da "Yer mening solih bandalarimga meros bo'lib qolgan" degan ibora borligini anglatadi .Zabur 37- sura 29-oyatiga o'xshaydi, unda "Solihlar yerni meros qilib oladi va unda abadiy qoladi^[9] ^[8] ".

Ahrens “al-Anbiya 105-oyat” “Zabur”dan (1930y) iqtibos keltiradi, degan fikrni qo‘llab-quvvatlaydi ^[10] . U Qur’oni karimdagi oyatda “Zaburda solih bandalarim yer yuziga merosxo‘r bo‘lishlarini eslatishdan keyin yozdik”, deyiladi.Uning xulosasicha bu oyat ibroniy Injiliga va aniqrog'i, Dovudga xos bo'lgan 37-zaburga yaqin va kamdan-kam lingvistik parallellikni anglatadi ( 9 ,11 , 29 -oyatlar).

Hadislarda

Muhammad al-Buxoriy sahih deb hisoblagan bir hadisda shunday deyilgan: Abu Hurayradan: Payg'ambara.s ayatdi: "Zaburni (ya'ni Zaburni) o'qish Dovud uchun oson bo'ldi. U minadigan hayvonlarini egarlashni buyurgan va Zaburni egarlashdan oldin o'qishni tugatgan. Va u qo'l mehnati daromadidan boshqa hech qachon ovqat yemasdi." — Sahih Al-Buxoriy, 4: 55: 628

Ketuvim

Xristian apologi- Karl Gottlib Pfander Qur'onning Zaburga havolasi aslida Ibroniy Yozuvlarining Yozuvlar yoki Ketuvim deb nomlanuvchi 3bo'limiga ishora qiladi,ya'ni Zabur va boshqa ibroniy adabiyoti va she'riyat to'plamlarini o'z ichiga olgan yahudiylarning muqaddas kitoblarining kengroq guruhi ^[11]...

Manbalar:

↑ Dariusz Kolodziejczyk. The Crimean Khanate and Poland-Lithuania: International Diplomacy on the European Periphery (15th-18th Century). A Study of Peace Treaties Followed by Annotated Documents. BRILL, 2011 — 397-bet. ISBN 978-90-04-19190-7.
↑ name="EI2">Horovitz, Josef (1999). "mazmour". in Bearman, P. J.. Encyclopedia of Islam. XI (2nd nashri). Leiden: Brill. 372–373 b.
↑ Shahîd, Irfan. Byzantium and the Arabs in the Fifth Century. Dumbarton Oaks, 1989 — 520-bet. ISBN 9780884021520.
↑ Lane, Edward William. An Arabic-English lexicon. London: Williams and Norgate, 1868–1893 — 1210–1211-bet. OCLC 248351096.
↑ ^5,0 ^5,1 Horovitz, Josef (1999). "mazmour". in Bearman, P. J.. Encyclopedia of Islam. XI (2nd nashri). Leiden: Brill. 372–373 b. Horovitz, Josef (1999). "mazmour". In Bearman, P. J. (ed.). Encyclopedia of Islam. Vol. XI (2nd ed.). Leiden: Brill. pp. 372–373.
↑ Jeffery, Arthur. The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qur'ān. Baroda, India: The Oriental Institute, 1938 — 148–149-bet. OCLC 28304469.
↑ ^{[Qurʼon 21:105]}
↑ ^8,0 ^8,1 Psalm (Online), Oxford Reference Online - Oxford University Press, 2003. ISBN 978-0-19-512558-0. „Arabic zabur. In the Quran the Psalms of David are said to be revelation sent to David, who is considered a prophet (4:163; 17:55; 21:105). God is considered the author of the psalms. Surah 21:105 is a direct counterpart of the biblical Psalm 37:29.“
↑ „Psalms 37:29“. www.sefaria.org.
↑ K. Ahrens, Christliches im Qoran, in ZDMG, lxxxiv (1930), 29
↑ C. G. Pfander, The Balance of Truth, pg. 51

[1] Dariusz Kolodziejczyk. The Crimean Khanate and Poland-Lithuania: International Diplomacy on the European Periphery (15th-18th Century). A Study of Peace Treaties Followed by Annotated Documents. BRILL, 2011 — 397-bet. ISBN 978-90-04-19190-7.

[2] ="EI2">Horovitz, Josef (1999). "mazmour". in Bearman, P. J.. Encyclopedia of Islam. XI (2nd nashri). Leiden: Brill. 372–373 b.

[Shahîd1989-3] Shahîd, Irfan. Byzantium and the Arabs in the Fifth Century. Dumbarton Oaks, 1989 — 520-bet. ISBN 9780884021520.

[4] Lane, Edward William. An Arabic-English lexicon. London: Williams and Norgate, 1868–1893 — 1210–1211-bet. OCLC 248351096.

[EI2-5] 5,0 ^5,1 Horovitz, Josef (1999). "mazmour". in Bearman, P. J.. Encyclopedia of Islam. XI (2nd nashri). Leiden: Brill. 372–373 b. Horovitz, Josef (1999). "mazmour". In Bearman, P. J. (ed.). Encyclopedia of Islam. Vol. XI (2nd ed.). Leiden: Brill. pp. 372–373.

[6] Jeffery, Arthur. The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qur'ān. Baroda, India: The Oriental Institute, 1938 — 148–149-bet. OCLC 28304469.

[Al-Anbiya-7] {[Qurʼon 21:105]}

[oxford_dic_islam-8] 8,0 ^8,1 Psalm (Online), Oxford Reference Online - Oxford University Press, 2003. ISBN 978-0-19-512558-0. „Arabic zabur. In the Quran the Psalms of David are said to be revelation sent to David, who is considered a prophet (4:163; 17:55; 21:105). God is considered the author of the psalms. Surah 21:105 is a direct counterpart of the biblical Psalm 37:29.“

[9] „Psalms 37:29“. www.sefaria.org.

[10] K. Ahrens, Christliches im Qoran, in ZDMG, lxxxiv (1930), 29

[11] C. G. Pfander, The Balance of Truth, pg. 51

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