1644
year
1644 (MDCXLIV) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and a leap year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar, the 1644th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 644th year of the 2nd millennium, the 44th year of the 17th century, and the 5th year of the 1640s decade. As of the start of 1644, the Gregorian calendar was 10 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 16th century – 17th century – 18th century |
| Decades: | 1610s 1620s 1630s – 1640s – 1650s 1660s 1670s |
| Years: | 1641 1642 1643 – 1644 – 1645 1646 1647 |
| Gregorian calendar | 1644 MDCXLIV |
| Ab urbe condita | 2397 |
| Armenian calendar | 1093 ԹՎ ՌՂԳ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6394 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1565–1566 |
| Bengali calendar | 1051 |
| Berber calendar | 2594 |
| English Regnal year | 19 Cha. 1 – 20 Cha. 1 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2188 |
| Burmese calendar | 1006 |
| Byzantine calendar | 7152–7153 |
| Chinese calendar | 癸未年 (Water Goat) 4340 or 4280 — to — 甲申年 (Wood Monkey) 4341 or 4281 |
| Coptic calendar | 1360–1361 |
| Discordian calendar | 2810 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1636–1637 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5404–5405 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1700–1701 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1565–1566 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4744–4745 |
| Holocene calendar | 11644 |
| Igbo calendar | 644–645 |
| Iranian calendar | 1022–1023 |
| Islamic calendar | 1053–1054 |
| Japanese calendar | Kan'ei 21 / Shōhō 1 (正保元年) |
| Javanese calendar | 1565–1566 |
| Julian calendar | Gregorian minus 10 days |
| Korean calendar | 3977 |
| Minguo calendar | 268 before ROC 民前268年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | 176 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2186–2187 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阴水羊年 (female Water-Goat) 1770 or 1389 or 617 — to — 阳木猴年 (male Wood-Monkey) 1771 or 1390 or 618 |
Events
change- February to August – Explorer Abel Tasman's second expedition for the Dutch East India Company maps the north coast of Australia.
- April – A popular Chinese Uprising led by Li Zicheng enter and conquer Beijing, prompting Chongzhen, the last emperor of the Ming Dynasty, to commit suicide.
- June 6 – The invading Manchu army, with the help of Ming general Wu Sangui, captures Beijing, China. This marks the beginning of the Qing Dynasty (also known as the Manchu Dynasty), the last imperial dynasty of China.
- July 2 – Battle of Marston Moor, a crushing victory for the Parliamentary side of the English Civil War, ends Charles I's hold on the north of England.
- September 1 – Battle of Tippermuir, Montrose defeats Elcho's Covenanters, reviving Royalist cause in Scotland
- September 2 – Second Battle of Lostwithiel, the last major victory for Charles I and the Royalist side in the English Civil War.
- September 15 – Pope Innocent X is elected to the Papacy, in Rome.
- November 23 – Areopagitica by John Milton is published.
- December – Plague breaks out in Edinburgh.