Great Northren War

Great Northren War
	; Clockwise frae tap: Battle o Narva, Battle o Düna, Battle o Poltava, Battle o Gangut, Battle o Gadebusch
Date	Februar 22, 1700 – September 10, 1721; (21 years, 6 months an 19 days, N.S.)
Location	Northren, Eastren an Central Europe
Result	Coalition victory: Tsardom o Roushie establishes itsel as a new pouer in Europe.; Decline o the Swadish Empire an the Pols–Lithuanie Commonweel.;
Territorial; changes	Treaty o Nystad: Roushie gains the three dominions Estonia, Livonie an Ingrie as well as pairts o Kexholm an Viborg. ; Treaties o Stockholm: Pruoushie gains pairts o Swadish Pomerania. ; Hanover gains Bremen-Verden. ; Treaty o Frederiksborg: Holstein–Gottorp loses its pairt o the Duchy o Schleswig tae Denmark.
Belligerents
Swadish Empire Holstein–Gottorp; Pols–Lithuanie Commonweel ; (1704–09); Ottoman Empire; (1710–14); Crimean Khanate; Moldavia; Wallachia; Cossack Hetmanate (1708–09); Great Breetain; (1719–20); Dutch Republic ; (1700) Kinrick o Ingland (1700)	Tsardom o Roushie Cossack Hetmanate; Kalmyk Khanate; Electorate o Saxony; (1700–06, 1709–19); Pols–Lithuanie Commonweel; (1701–04, 1704–09, 1709–19) ; Denmark–Norawa; (1700, 1709–20); Kinrick o Proushie (1715–21); Electorate o Hanover (1715–19); Great Breetain; (1717–19); Moldavia; (1711)
Commanders an leaders
Charles XII † (–1718); Eleonora I (1718–20); Frederick I (1720–); Carl Gustav Rehnskiöld; Magnus Stenbock; Adam Ludwig Lewenhaupt; Arvid Axel Mardefelt; Carl Gustaf Armfeldt; Erik Dahlbergh; Wolmar Anton von Schlippenbach; Otto Vellingk; Hans Wachtmeister; Carl Gustaf Creutz; Frederick IV † (–1702); Duke Charles (1702–) ; Stanisław I; Józef Potocki; Ahmed III Baltacı Mehmet Pasha; Ivan Mazepa † (1708–); George I	Peter I Alexander Menshikov; Boris Sheremetev; Fyodor Apraksin; ; Augustus II; (personal union) Jacob Heinrich von Flemming; Johann Matthias von der Schulenburg; Adam Mikołaj Sieniawski; Stanisław Chomętowski; Frederick IV Christian Ditlev Reventlow; Ulrik Christian Gyldenløve; Peter Tordenskjold; Hartvig Huitfeldt; Henrik Jørgen Huidtfeldt; Ivan Mazepa (1700–08) Danylo Apostol; Ivan Skoropadsky; Frederick William I Leopold I, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau; ; George I ; (personal union)
Strenth
Initial force:; : 76,000 ; : 5,000; Temporary support (1700):; : 10,000; : 13 ships; : 12 ships Later allies (1704–14):; : 24,000; : 130,000; : 4,000	Initial force:; : 110,000; : 30,000; : 50,000; : 40,000 ; : 30,000; Later allies (1715–20):; : 50,000; : 20,000
Casualties an losses
Aboot 200,000 Swadish: 25,000 killt in combat, 175,000 killt bi faimin, disease an exhaustion.	Unkent.; Leastweys 75,000 Roushies killt in combat.; 14,000–20,000 Poles, Saxons an 8,000 Danes killt in the lairger battles.; 60,000 Danes in tot atween 1709–1719.

The Great Northren War (1700–1721) wis a war whaur a coaleetion led bi the Tsardom o Roushie kempit wi the supremacy o the Swadish Empire wi sonse, in Middlins, Northren, an Eastlin Europe. The initial heid anes o the anti-Swadish alliance war Peter the Great o Roushie, Frederick IV o Denmark–Norawa an Augustus II the Strang o Saxony-Poland. Frederick IV an Augustus II war forced oot o the alliance in 1700 an 1706 respectively, but rejyned it in 1709. George I o Brunswick-Lüneburg (Hanover) jyned the coaleetion in 1714 for Hanover an in 1717 for Breetain, an Frederick William I o Brandenburg-Proushie jyned it in 1715.

References

↑ Olle Larsson, Stormaktens sista krig (2009) Lund, Historiska Media. p. 78. ISBN 978-91-85873-59-3
↑ Bengt Liljegren (2000). Karl XII: En biografi. Lund: Historiska media
↑ ^a ^b Ericson, Sjöslag och rysshärjningar (2011) Stockholm, Norstedts. p. 55. ISBN 978-91-1-303042-5
↑ Peter From, Katastrofen vid Poltava (2007) Lund, Historiska media. pp. 214.
↑ A Military History of Russia: From Ivan the Terrible to the War in Chechnya, David R. Stone. Greenwood Publishing Group (2006). pp. 57.
↑ Peter From, Katastrofen vid Poltava (2007) Lund, Historiska media. pp. 240.
↑ ^a ^b Boris Grigorjev & Aleksandr Bespalov (2012). Kampen mot övermakten. Baltikums fall 1700-1710. pp. 52
↑ Lars-Eric Höglund, Åke Sallnäs, The Great Northern War 1700 - 1721, II. p 51.
↑ Józef Andrzej Gierowski – Historia Polski 1505–1764 (History of Poland 1505–1764), pp. 258–261
↑ "Tacitus.nu, Örjan Martinsson. Danish force". Tacitus.nu. Archived frae the original on 13 October 2014. Retrieved 24 August 2014.
↑ Lars-Eric Höglund, Åke Sallnäs, The Great Northern War 1700 - 1721, II. p 132.
↑ Ericson, Lars, Svenska knektar (2004) Lund: Historiska media^{[page needit]}
↑ Lindegren, Jan, Det danska och svenska resurssystemet i komparation (1995) Umeå : Björkås : Mitthögsk^{[page needit]}

[Stormakten-1] Olle Larsson, Stormaktens sista krig (2009) Lund, Historiska Media. p. 78. ISBN 978-91-85873-59-3

[Bengt-2] Bengt Liljegren (2000). Karl XII: En biografi. Lund: Historiska media

[Ericson-3] Ericson, Sjöslag och rysshärjningar (2011) Stockholm, Norstedts. p. 55. ISBN 978-91-1-303042-5

[From_214-4] Peter From, Katastrofen vid Poltava (2007) Lund, Historiska media. pp. 214.

[Stone-5] A Military History of Russia: From Ivan the Terrible to the War in Chechnya, David R. Stone. Greenwood Publishing Group (2006). pp. 57.

[From_234-6] Peter From, Katastrofen vid Poltava (2007) Lund, Historiska media. pp. 240.

[Boris-7] Boris Grigorjev & Aleksandr Bespalov (2012). Kampen mot övermakten. Baltikums fall 1700-1710. pp. 52

[Höglund-8] Lars-Eric Höglund, Åke Sallnäs, The Great Northern War 1700 - 1721, II. p 51.

[Gierowski_258-261-9] Józef Andrzej Gierowski – Historia Polski 1505–1764 (History of Poland 1505–1764), pp. 258–261

[10] "Tacitus.nu, Örjan Martinsson. Danish force". Tacitus.nu. Archived frae the original on 13 October 2014. Retrieved 24 August 2014.

[Höglund1-11] Lars-Eric Höglund, Åke Sallnäs, The Great Northern War 1700 - 1721, II. p 132.

[12] Ericson, Lars, Svenska knektar (2004) Lund: Historiska media^{[page needit]}

[13] Lindegren, Jan, Det danska och svenska resurssystemet i komparation (1995) Umeå : Björkås : Mitthögsk^{[page needit]}

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